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For: Engström C, Brändström S, Sigvardsson S, Cloninger R, Nylander PO. Bipolar disorder: I. Temperament and character. J Affect Disord 2004;82:131-4. [PMID: 15465586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2003.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2002] [Revised: 09/18/2003] [Accepted: 09/22/2003] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]

For:	Engström C, Brändström S, Sigvardsson S, Cloninger R, Nylander PO. Bipolar disorder: I. Temperament and character. J Affect Disord 2004;82:131-4. [PMID: 15465586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2003.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2002] [Revised: 09/18/2003] [Accepted: 09/22/2003] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Tsigkaropoulou E, Michopoulos I, Porichi E, Dafnas K, Serretti A, Ferentinos P. Temperament and character dimensions explain self-reported resilience deficits in patients with affective disorders. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2024;39:59-69. [PMID: 37351577 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]

Rajewska-Rager A, Staniek M, Kucharska-Kowalczyk K, Kapelski P, Lepczynska N, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M, Pawlak J, Skibinska M. Temperament and character dimensions as psychological markers of mood disorders in Polish adolescents and young adults-A prospective study. Early Interv Psychiatry 2022;16:1240-1248. [PMID: 35150069 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]

Hanke N, Penzel N, Betz LT, Rohde M, Kambeitz-Ilankovic L, Kambeitz J. Personality traits differentiate patients with bipolar disorder and healthy controls - A meta-analytic approach. J Affect Disord 2022;302:401-411. [PMID: 35041870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Expression of specific personality traits has been associated with the presence and disease course of bipolar disorder (BD) in multiple studies. However, until today findings are inconsistent and potentially confounding factors such as age and gender as well as the limited sample size of previous studies make it difficult to generalize these findings. To overcome these limitations and to specify the role of personality traits in the context of BD, we performed a meta-analysis in patients with BD and healthy controls (HC), focusing on the traits of the big three and the big five: Neuroticism (N), Extraversion (E), Openness (O), Conscientiousness (C), Agreeableness (A) and Psychoticism (P).

METHODS

Two online databases (Pubmed and Web of Science) were searched systematically to identify relevant articles, including publications up to December 31, 2019. From studies that met our inclusion criteria (n = 18), we extracted relevant data of patients with BD (n = 1694) and HC (n = 2153) and calculated effect sizes for each personality trait. Further, we performed moderator analysis on gender, age, quality score and years of publication.

RESULTS

Our results indicate that patients with BD exhibit higher scores on N (large positive effect size; n = 18, g = 1.44, 95%-CI : 1.11 to 1.77) and lower scores on C (medium negative effect size; n = 6, g = -0.78, 95%-CI: -1.13 to -0.43) and E (small negative effect size; n = 13, g = -0.38, 95%-CI: -0.52 to -0.23) compared to HC. We found a moderating effect of mean age on the effect size of N with smaller differences in N levels between patients with BD and HC in older samples (-0.0437, z = - 3.96, p <0.0001). Our results were robust with respect to potential publication biases and the inclusion of potentially confounding factors such as gender, age, quality score and years of publication.

LIMITATIONS

Due to the lack of available data no subgroup analysis on the effect of mood states of patients and subtypes of BD could be performed. Moreover, our analyses are based on cross-sectional data so that findings should be interpreted with care, especially concerning causal conclusions.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with BD showed differences in several personality traits compared to HC. Our results provide the basis for future research with focus on personality and psychopathology in patients with BD. Identifying the interaction between expressions of personality traits and BD might provide novel approaches in prevention and therapy.

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Boscutti A, Pigoni A, Delvecchio G, Lazzaretti M, Mandolini GM, Girardi P, Ferro A, Sala M, Abbiati V, Cappucciati M, Bellani M, Perlini C, Rossetti MG, Balestrieri M, Damante G, Bonivento C, Rossi R, Finos L, Serretti A, Brambilla P. The Influence of 5-HTTLPR, BDNF Rs6265 and COMT Rs4680 Polymorphisms on Impulsivity in Bipolar Disorder: The Role of Gender. Genes (Basel) 2022;13:genes13030482. [PMID: 35328036 PMCID: PMC8954186 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open

Abstract

Impulsivity has been proposed as an endophenotype for bipolar disorder (BD); moreover, impulsivity levels have been shown to carry prognostic significance and to be quality-of-life predictors. To date, reports about the genetic determinants of impulsivity in mood disorders are limited, with no studies on BD individuals. Individuals with BD and healthy controls (HC) were recruited in the context of an observational, multisite study (GECOBIP). Subjects were genotyped for three candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (5-HTTLPR, COMT rs4680, BDNF rs6265); impulsivity was measured through the Italian version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). A mixed-effects regression model was built, with BIS scores as dependent variables, genotypes of the three polymorphisms as fixed effects, and centers of enrollment as random effect. Compared to HC, scores for all BIS factors were higher among subjects with euthymic BD (adjusted β for Total BIS score: 5.35, p < 0.001). No significant interaction effect was evident between disease status (HC vs. BD) and SNP status for any polymorphism. Considering the whole sample, BDNF Met/Met homozygosis was associated with lower BIS scores across all three factors (adjusted β for Total BIS score: −10.2, p < 0.001). A significant 5-HTTLPR x gender interaction was found for the SS genotype, associated with higher BIS scores in females only (adjusted β for Total BIS score: 12.0, p = 0.001). Finally, COMT polymorphism status was not significantly associated with BIS scores. In conclusion, BD diagnosis did not influence the effect on impulsivity scores for any of the three SNPs considered. Only one SNP—the BDNF rs6265 Met/Met homozygosis—was independently associated with lower impulsivity scores. The 5-HTTLPR SS genotype was associated with higher impulsivity scores in females only. Further studies adopting genome-wide screening in larger samples are needed to define the genetic basis of impulsivity in BD.

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Affiliation(s)

Andrea Boscutti Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
Alessandro Pigoni Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.) Social and Affective Neuroscience Group, MoMiLab, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, 55100 Lucca, Italy
Giuseppe Delvecchio Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
Matteo Lazzaretti Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
Gian Mario Mandolini Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
Paolo Girardi Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (P.G.); (L.F.)
Adele Ferro Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
Michela Sala Mental Health Department, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Alessandria, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
Vera Abbiati Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
Marco Cappucciati Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Piacenza, 29121 Piacenza, Italy;
Marcella Bellani Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
Cinzia Perlini Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
Maria Gloria Rossetti Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.) Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
Matteo Balestrieri Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;
Giuseppe Damante Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;
Carolina Bonivento IRCCS “E. Medea”, Polo Friuli-Venezia Giulia, San Vito al Tagliamento, 33078 Pordenone, Italy;
Roberta Rossi Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio FBF, 25125 Brescia, Italy;
Livio Finos Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (P.G.); (L.F.)
Alessandro Serretti Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy;
Paolo Brambilla Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.) Correspondence:
the GECOBIP Group

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Oh DH, Park DH, Ryu SH, Ha JH, Jeon HJ. Psychological predictors of bipolarity in panic disorder. World J Psychiatry 2021;11:242-252. [PMID: 34168971 PMCID: PMC8209537 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i6.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Panic disorders frequently occur with affective disorders, particularly bipolar disorder. Patients with panic disorder and bipolar disorder are more likely to present with severe symptoms, such as high rates of suicidal behavior, poor symptomatic and functional recovery, and poor drug responses.

AIM

To investigate the psychological characteristics of panic disorder patients related to bipolarity.

METHODS

A total of 254 patients (136 men and 118 women, mean age = 33.48 ± 3.2 years) who were diagnosed with panic disorder were included in the study. Panic disorder with bipolarity (BP+) was defined as a score of ≥ 7 on the Korean version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (K-MDQ), and a score lower than 7 was considered as a panic disorder without bipolarity (BP-). Self-report questionnaires were analyzed to examine their association with bipolarity. Psychological tests used in the study were the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), Panic Disorder Severity Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation between bipolarity of panic disorder patients and various psychological test results indicative of psychological characteristics.

RESULTS

Patients with a K-MDQ score of 7 or more were considered to have a history of manic or hypomanic episodes (BP+ group, n = 128), while patients with K-MDQ scores below 7 were defined as those without bipolarity (BP- group, n = 126). The BP+ group were more likely to be unmarried (single 56.2% vs 44.4%, P = 0.008) and younger (30.78 ± 0.59 vs 37.11 ± 3.21, P < 0.001). Additionally, the BP+ group had significantly higher scores on psychological assessment scales, such as the hypochondriasis, psychopathic deviate, masculinity-femininity, psychasthenia, schizophrenia, and hypomania (Ma) in MMPI, and novelty seeking, harm avoidance and self-transcendence in TCI, and STAI (state and trait) compared to the BP- group. In logistic regression analysis, depression in MMPI, self-directedness in TCI, and age were negatively associated with MDQ score, meanwhile, Ma in MMPI and STAI (trait) were positively associated with MDQ score.

CONCLUSION

The result of this study suggests that almost 50% of patients with panic disorder are likely to have hypomanic or manic symptoms, and certain psychological factors are associated bipolarity in panic disorder.

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The dual-system theory of bipolar spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2020;83:101945. [PMID: 33217713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]

Feola B, Armstrong K, Flook EA, Woodward ND, Heckers S, Blackford JU. Evidence for inhibited temperament as a transdiagnostic factor across mood and psychotic disorders. J Affect Disord 2020;274:995-1003. [PMID: 32664044 PMCID: PMC7540608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The conceptualization of risk for psychiatric illness is moving from risk factors for specific psychiatric disorders to factors that confer risk for multiple disorders. One potential transdiagnostic risk factor is inhibited temperament, a trait characterized by a fearful or avoidant response to novelty. Inhibited temperament is an established risk factor for anxiety disorders, and evidence suggests inhibited temperament is elevated in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder.

METHODS

In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that inhibited temperament is a transdiagnostic factor in 490 participants including individuals with schizophrenia (n=184), psychotic bipolar disorder (n=61), major depression disorder (n=53), or no disorders (n=192). Participants completed assessments of temperament, personality, clinical symptoms, cognition, and functioning. An ANOVA was used to test for group differences in inhibited temperament scores. Regressions were used to test whether inhibited temperament scores were associated with the current measures and whether the associations were similar across disorders.

RESULTS

Inhibited temperament was similarly elevated in all patient groups compared to controls. Inhibited temperament was similarly associated with anxiety, depression, negative affect, and quality of life across patient groups. Inhibited temperament was not associated with cognition or functional impairment.

LIMITATION

Although the inhibited temperament measure is commonly used, it is a retrospective self-report which may be susceptible to biases.

CONCLUSIONS

The current study provides evidence that inhibited temperament is a transdiagnostic factor impacting affective systems across mood and psychotic disorders. Inhibited patients may especially benefit from treatments that specifically target anxiety and depression.

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Lima CNDC, da Silva FER, Chaves Filho AJM, Queiroz AIDG, Okamura AMNC, Fries GR, Quevedo J, de Sousa FCF, Vasconcelos SMM, de Lucena DF, Fonteles MMDF, Macedo DS. High Exploratory Phenotype Rats Exposed to Environmental Stressors Present Memory Deficits Accompanied by Immune-Inflammatory/Oxidative Alterations: Relevance to the Relationship Between Temperament and Mood Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2019;10:547. [PMID: 31428001 PMCID: PMC6689823 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open

Abstract

Low-exploratory (LE) and high-exploratory (HE) rodents mimic human depressive and hyperthymic temperaments, respectively. Mood disorders (MD) may be developed by the exposure of these temperaments to environmental stress (ES). Psychiatric symptoms severity in MD patients is related to the magnitude of memory impairment. Thus, we aimed at studying the consequences of the exposure of LE and HE male Wistar rats, during periadolescence, to a combination of ES, namely, paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) and unpredictable stress (US), on anxiety-related behavior in the plus maze test, working (WM) and declarative memory (DM) performance. We also evaluated hippocampal immune-inflammatory/oxidative, as consequences of ES, and prevention of ES-induced alterations by the mood-stabilizing drugs, lithium and valproate. Medium exploratory (ME) control rats were used for comparisons with HE- and LE-control rats. We observed that HE-controls presented increased anxiolytic behavior that was significantly increased by ES exposure, whereas LE-controls presented increased anxiety-like behavior relative to ME-controls. Lithium and valproate prevented anxiolytic alterations in HE+ES rats. HE+ES- and LE+ES-rats presented WM and DM deficits. Valproate and lithium prevented WM deficits in LE-PSD+US rats. Lithium prevented DM impairment in HE+ES-rats. Hippocampal levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) increased four-fold in HE+ES-rats, being prevented by valproate and lithium. All groups of LE+ES-rats presented increased levels of GSH in relation to controls. Increments in lipid peroxidation in LE+ES- and HE+ES-rats were prevented by valproate in HE+ES-rats and by both drugs in LE+ES-rats. Nitrite levels were increased in HE+ES- and LE+ES-rats (five-fold increase), which was prevented by both drugs in LE+ES-rats. HE+ES-rats presented a two-fold increase in the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression that was prevented by lithium. HE+ES-rats showed increased hippocampal and plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-4. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) was increased in HE+ES- and LE+ES-rats, while tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) was increased only in HE+ES-rats. Altogether, our results showed that LE- and HE-rats exposed to ES present distinct anxiety-related behavior and similar memory deficits. Furthermore, HE+ES-rats presented more brain and plasma inflammatory alterations that were partially prevented by the mood-stabilizing drugs. These alterations in HE+ES-rats may possibly be related to the development of mood symptoms.

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Affiliation(s)

Camila Nayane de Carvalho Lima Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
Francisco Eliclécio Rodrigues da Silva Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
Adriano José Maia Chaves Filho Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
Ana Isabelle de Gois Queiroz Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
Adriana Mary Nunes Costa Okamura Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
Gabriel Rodrigo Fries Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
João Quevedo Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
Francisca Cléa F de Sousa Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
Silvania Maria Mendes Vasconcelos Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
David F de Lucena Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
Marta Maria de França Fonteles Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
Danielle S Macedo Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil.,National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq), Neurosciences and Behavior Department, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

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Dell’Orco S, Sperandeo R, Moretto E, Maldonato NM. Revision on Psychometric Properties of the Temperament and Character Inventory in a Clinical Sample. Front Psychol 2018;9:1951. [PMID: 30369898 PMCID: PMC6194178 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open

Further evidence for genetic variation at the serotonin transporter gene SLC6A4 contributing toward anxiety. Psychiatr Genet 2017;27:96-102. [DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]

Sparding T, Pålsson E, Joas E, Hansen S, Landén M. Personality traits in bipolar disorder and influence on outcome. BMC Psychiatry 2017;17:159. [PMID: 28468681 PMCID: PMC5415752 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1332-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open

Kim E, Garrett A, Boucher S, Park MH, Howe M, Sanders E, Kelley RG, Reiss AL, Chang KD, Singh MK. Inhibited Temperament and Hippocampal Volume in Offspring of Parents with Bipolar Disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2017;27:258-265. [PMID: 27768380 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2016.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]

Yang J, Hu X, Li X, Zhang L, Dong Y, Li X, Zhu C, Xie W, Mu J, Yuan S, Chen J, Chen F, Yu F, Wang K. Decreased empathy response to other people's pain in bipolar disorder: evidence from an event-related potential study. Sci Rep 2017;7:39903. [PMID: 28057925 PMCID: PMC5216368 DOI: 10.1038/srep39903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open

Affiliation(s)

Jingyue Yang Laboratory of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Mental Health Centre, Hefei, Anhui, China
Xinglong Hu Anhui Mental Health Centre, Hefei, Anhui, China
Xiaosi Li Anhui Mental Health Centre, Hefei, Anhui, China
Lei Zhang Laboratory of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui, China
Yi Dong Anhui Mental Health Centre, Hefei, Anhui, China
Xiang Li Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
Chunyan Zhu Laboratory of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui, China
Wen Xie Anhui Mental Health Centre, Hefei, Anhui, China
Jingjing Mu Anhui Mental Health Centre, Hefei, Anhui, China
Su Yuan Anhui Mental Health Centre, Hefei, Anhui, China
Jie Chen Anhui Mental Health Centre, Hefei, Anhui, China
Fangfang Chen Laboratory of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui, China
Fengqiong Yu Laboratory of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui, China
Kai Wang Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui, China

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Carless D, Douglas K, Fox K, McKenna J. An Alternative View of Psychological Well-Being in Cardiac Rehabilitation: Considering Temperament and Character. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2016;5:237-43. [PMID: 16687254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcnurse.2006.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2005] [Revised: 03/18/2006] [Accepted: 03/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]

Lewitzka U, Denzin S, Sauer C, Bauer M, Jabs B. Personality differences in early versus late suicide attempters. BMC Psychiatry 2016;16:282. [PMID: 27506387 PMCID: PMC4979154 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-0991-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Suicidality is an individual behaviour caused by a complex framework of internal and external factors. The predictive values of personality traits for a suicide attempt have been demonstrated, especially in conjunction with Cloninger's TCI and impulsivity. Two issues remain unsolved, namely whether these traits alter over time after a suicide attempt, and how they may be influenced by depressive symptoms.

METHODS

We studied two patient cohorts: one sample of 81 patients after a suicide attempt no longer than 3 months previously (SA early) and another sample of 32 patients whose attempt had taken place more than 6 months previously (SA late). We carried out structured interviews with these subjects addressing diagnosis (MINI), suicidality (Scale for suicide ideation), depression (HAMD-17), temperament and character inventory (TCI), and impulsivity (BIS-10). Data analysis was done using SPSS 16.0.

RESULTS

Our two groups did not differ significantly in sociodemographics or suicidality. However, patients in the SA early group were significantly more depressed (p < 0.001), and scored lower in reward dependence (p < 0.001) and persistence (p = 0.005) but higher in harm avoidance (p < 0.001); they did not differ significantly in impulsivity (p < 0.01). Reward dependence, persistence, and harm avoidance remained significantly different between the two groups after controlling for depressive symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that some personality traits vary after a suicide attempt. Further investigations are necessary to verify our results, ideally in longitudinal studies with larger, carefully-described cohorts. It would be also clinically important to investigate the influence of therapeutic strategies on the variability of personality traits and their impact on suicidal behavior.

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Fagerberg T, Söderman E, Gustavsson JP, Agartz I, Jönsson EG. Personality traits in established schizophrenia: aspects of usability and differences between patients and controls using the Swedish universities Scales of Personality. Nord J Psychiatry 2016;70:462-9. [PMID: 27103375 PMCID: PMC4926784 DOI: 10.3109/08039488.2016.1159331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]

A meta-analysis of temperament and character dimensions in patients with mood disorders: Comparison to healthy controls and unaffected siblings. J Affect Disord 2016;194:84-97. [PMID: 26803780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]

Vierck E, Joyce PR. Influence of personality and neuropsychological ability on social functioning and self-management in bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2015;229:715-23. [PMID: 26282228 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]

Zaninotto L, Souery D, Calati R, Di Nicola M, Montgomery S, Kasper S, Zohar J, Mendlewicz J, Robert Cloninger C, Serretti A, Janiri L. Temperament and character profiles in bipolar I, bipolar II and major depressive disorder: Impact over illness course, comorbidity pattern and psychopathological features of depression. J Affect Disord 2015;184:51-9. [PMID: 26070046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]

Dopamine transporter gene may be associated with bipolar disorder and its personality traits. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2015;265:281-90. [PMID: 25547317 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-014-0570-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]

Teraishi T, Hori H, Sasayama D, Matsuo J, Ogawa S, Ishida I, Nagashima A, Kinoshita Y, Ota M, Hattori K, Higuchi T, Kunugi H. Personality in remitted major depressive disorder with single and recurrent episodes assessed with the Temperament and Character Inventory. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2015;69:3-11. [PMID: 25041061 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]

Fountoulakis KN, Rozsa S, Siamouli M, Moutou K, Pantoula E, Cloninger CR. Standardization and normative data of the Greek version of the temperament and character inventory (TCI). Ann Gen Psychiatry 2015;14:28. [PMID: 26396587 PMCID: PMC4578673 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-015-0067-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Robert Cloninger's psychobiological model of temperament and character is a dimensional approach to personality assessment and gave birth to the temperament and character inventory (TCI). The aim of the present report is to examine the psychometric properties of the Greek version of the TCI, and to replicate its postulated structure and provide preliminary normative data for the Greek population.

METHODS

The study sample included 734 subjects from the general Greek population (436 females; 59.4 % and 298 males; 40.6 %). Their mean age was 40.80 ± 11.48 years (range 25-67 years). The mean age for females was 39.43 ± 10.87 years (range 25-65 years), while the mean age for males was 42.82 ± 12.06 years (range 25-67 years). Descriptive statistics tables concerning age, gender and occupational status distribution in the sample were created. The analysis included the calculation of Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis with promax rotation and the calculation of Pearson correlation coefficients between the subscales scores. Analysis of Covariance with age as covariate and t test and Cohen's d as post hoc tests was used to search for differences in subscales scores between males and females.

RESULTS

The overall psychometric properties of the Greek version of the TCI proved to be satisfactory, with acceptable consistencies of the subscales. The factor analysis of temperament identified four factors which together explained 58.56 % of total variance, while the factor analysis of the three-factor solution of the character explained 52.24 % of total variance. The TCI scales correlate significantly but weakly between each other and with age.

DISCUSSION

The Greek version of the TCI exhibits psychometric properties similar to its original English counterpart and to other national translations and it is suitable for use in research and clinical practice.

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Correll CU, Hauser M, Penzner JB, Auther AM, Kafantaris V, Saito E, Olvet D, Carrión RE, Birmaher B, Chang KD, DelBello MP, Singh MK, Pavuluri M, Cornblatt BA. Type and duration of subsyndromal symptoms in youth with bipolar I disorder prior to their first manic episode. Bipolar Disord 2014;16:478-92. [PMID: 24597782 PMCID: PMC4186919 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The aim of the present study was to systematically evaluate the prodrome to mania in youth.

METHODS

New-onset/worsening symptoms/signs of ≥ moderate severity preceding first mania were systematically assessed in 52 youth (16.2 ± 2.8 years) with a research diagnosis of bipolar I disorder (BD-I). Youth and/or caregivers underwent semi-structured interviews, using the Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Scale-Retrospective.

RESULTS

The mania prodrome was reported to start gradually in most youth (88.5%), with either slow (59.6%) or rapid (28.8%) deterioration, while a rapid-onset-and-deterioration prodrome was rare (11.5%). The manic prodrome, conservatively defined as requiring ≥ 3 symptoms, lasted 10.3 ± 14.4 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.3-14.4], being present for ≥ 4 months in 65.4% of subjects. Among prodromal symptoms reported in ≥ 50% of youth, three were subthreshold manic in nature (irritability: 61.5%, racing thoughts: 59.6%, increased energy/activity: 50.0%), two were nonspecific (decreased school/work functioning: 65.4%, mood swings/lability: 57.7%), and one each was depressive (depressed mood: 53.8%) or subthreshold manic/depressive (inattention: 51.9%). A decreasing number of youth had ≥ 1 (84.6%), ≥ 2 (48.1%), or ≥ 3 (26.9%) 'specific' subthreshold mania symptoms (i.e., elation, grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, or hypersexuality), lasting 9.5 ± 14.9 months (95% CI: 5.0-14.0), 3.5 ± 3.5 months (95% CI: 2.0-4.9), and 3.0 ± 3.2 months (95% CI: 1.0-5.0) for ≥ 1, ≥ 2, or ≥ 3 specific symptoms, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

In youth with BD-I, a relatively long, predominantly slow-onset mania prodrome appears to be common, including subthreshold manic and depressive psychopathology symptoms. This suggests that early clinical identification and intervention may be feasible in bipolar disorder. Identifying biological markers associated with clinical symptoms of impending mania may help to increase chances for early detection and prevention before full mania.

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Seo HJ, Jung YE, Jeong S, Kim JB, Lee MS, Kim JM, Yim HW, Jun TY. Personality traits associated with suicidal behaviors in patients with depression: the CRESCEND study. Compr Psychiatry 2014;55:1085-92. [PMID: 24794639 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open

Mitsui N, Asakura S, Inoue T, Shimizu Y, Fujii Y, Kako Y, Tanaka T, Kitagawa N, Kusumi I. Temperament and character profiles of Japanese university student suicide completers. Compr Psychiatry 2013;54:556-61. [PMID: 23246072 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2012] [Revised: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open

The influence of the Val158Met catechol-O-methyltransferase polymorphism on the personality traits of bipolar patients. PLoS One 2013;8:e62900. [PMID: 23646156 PMCID: PMC3639910 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open

Harnic D, Pompili M, Mazza M, Innamorati M, Di Nicola M, Catalano V, Bruschi A, Del Bono D, Forte A, Lester D, Girardi P, Bria P, Janiri L. Affective temperaments and psychopathological dimensions of personality in bipolar and cyclothymic patients. Behav Med 2013;39:17-23. [PMID: 23398272 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2012.713043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]

Hauser M, Correll CU. The significance of at-risk or prodromal symptoms for bipolar I disorder in children and adolescents. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2013;58:22-31. [PMID: 23327753 PMCID: PMC4010197 DOI: 10.1177/070674371305800106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]

Abstract

While in the early identification and intervention of psychosis-specific instruments and risk criteria have been generated and validated, research into indicated preventive strategies for bipolar I disorder (BD I) has only recently gained momentum. As the first signs of BD I often start before adulthood, such efforts are especially important in the vulnerable pediatric population. Data are summarized regarding the presence and nature of potentially prodromal, that is, subsyndromal, symptoms prior to BD I, defined by first-episode mania, focusing on pediatric patients. Research indicates the possibility of early identification of youth at clinical high risk for BD. Support for this proposition comes from retrospective studies of BD I patients, as well as prospective studies of community samples, offspring of BD I subjects, youth with depressive disorders, and patients at high risk for psychosis or with bipolar spectrum disorders without lifetime history of mania. These data provide essential insight into potential signs and symptoms that may enable presyndromal identification of BD I in youth. However, except for offspring studies, broader prospective approaches that focus on youth at clinical high risk for BD I and on developing specific interviews and (or) rating scales and risk criteria are mostly missing, or in their early stage. More work is needed to determine valid and sufficiently specific clinical high-risk criteria, to distinguish risk factors, endophenotypes, and comorbidities from prodromal symptomatology, and to develop phase-specific interventions that titrate the risk of intervention to the risk of transition to mania and to functional impairment or distress. Moreover, studies are needed that determine potential differences in prodromal symptoms and trajectories between children, adolescents, and adults, and the best phase-specific interventions.

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Kim B, Lim JH, Kim SY, Joo YH. Comparative Study of Personality Traits in Patients with Bipolar I and II Disorder from the Five-Factor Model Perspective. Psychiatry Investig 2012;9:347-53. [PMID: 23251198 PMCID: PMC3521110 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2012.9.4.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open

Sarısoy G, Kaçar OF, Pazvantoğlu O, Oztürk A, Korkmaz IZ, Kocamanoğlu B, Böke O, Sahin AR. Temperament and character traits in patients with bipolar disorder and associations with attempted suicide. Compr Psychiatry 2012;53:1096-102. [PMID: 22727729 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study was intended to investigate temperament and character traits in bipolar disorder patients with or without a history of attempted suicide.

METHODS

One hundred nineteen patients diagnosed with euthymic bipolar disorder based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, and with no accompanying Axis I and II comorbidity, and 103 healthy controls were included. Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Axis I and II disorders were used to exclude Axis I and II comorbidity. Temperament and character traits of bipolar patients with a history attempted suicide (25.2%, n = 30) or without (74.8%, n = 89) and of the healthy volunteers were determined using the Temperament and Character Inventory. The association between current suicide ideation and temperament and character traits was also examined.

RESULTS

Bipolar patients with or without a history of attempted suicide had higher harm avoidance (HA) scores compared with the healthy controls. Persistence scores of bipolar patients with no history of attempted suicide were lower than those of the healthy controls. Self-directedness (SD) scores of the bipolar patients with a history of attempted suicide were lower than those of patients with no such history. Self-transcendence scores of bipolar patients with no history of attempted suicide were lower than those of both the healthy controls and of those patients with a history of attempted suicide. A positive correlation was determined between current suicidal ideation scale scores and HA, and a negative correlation between SD and cooperativeness was determined.

CONCLUSIONS

High harm avoidance may be a temperament trait specific to bipolar disorder patients. However, it may not be correlated with attempted suicide in such patients. These may have low persistence, high SD and low self-transcendence temperament and character traits that protect against attempted suicide. Harm avoidance, SD, and cooperativeness may be correlated with current suicidal ideation.

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Wessman J, Schönauer S, Miettunen J, Turunen H, Parviainen P, Seppänen JK, Congdon E, Service S, Koiranen M, Ekelund J, Laitinen J, Taanila A, Tammelin T, Hintsanen M, Pulkki-Råback L, Keltikangas-Järvinen L, Viikari J, Raitakari OT, Joukamaa M, Järvelin MR, Freimer N, Peltonen L, Veijola J, Mannila H, Paunio T. Temperament clusters in a normal population: implications for health and disease. PLoS One 2012;7:e33088. [PMID: 22815673 PMCID: PMC3399883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open

Affiliation(s)

Jaana Wessman Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
Stefan Schönauer Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Jouko Miettunen Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
Hannu Turunen Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
Pekka Parviainen Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Jouni K. Seppänen Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
Eliza Congdon University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
Susan Service University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
Markku Koiranen Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
Jesper Ekelund Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Jaana Laitinen Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Anja Taanila Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Unit of General Practice, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
Tuija Tammelin Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland LIKES Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
Mirka Hintsanen Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Laura Pulkki-Råback Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Jorma Viikari Department of Medicine, Turku University Central Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
Olli T. Raitakari Department of Clinical Physiology, Turku University Central Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
Matti Joukamaa Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, and Psychiatric Department, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
Marjo-Riitta Järvelin Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom and Department of Public Health Science and General Practice, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
Nelson Freimer University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
Leena Peltonen Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Juha Veijola Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
Heikki Mannila Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
Tiina Paunio Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland * E-mail:

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Fletcher K, Parker G, Barrett M, Synnott H, McCraw S. Temperament and personality in bipolar II disorder. J Affect Disord 2012;136:304-9. [PMID: 22154887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]

Miettunen J, Raevuori A. A meta-analysis of temperament in axis I psychiatric disorders. Compr Psychiatry 2012;53:152-66. [PMID: 21565334 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Revised: 03/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open

Principal domains of quantitative anxiety trait in subjects with lifetime history of mania. J Affect Disord 2012;136:e69-e75. [PMID: 21774991 PMCID: PMC3940478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]

Daga GA, Gramaglia C, Bailer U, Bergese S, Marzola E, Fassino S. Major depression and avoidant personality traits in eating disorders. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2011;80:319-20. [PMID: 21720197 DOI: 10.1159/000324761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]

Almeida KM, Nery FG, Moreno RA, Gorenstein C, Lafer B. Personality traits in bipolar disorder type I: a sib-pair analysis. Bipolar Disord 2011;13:662-9. [PMID: 22085479 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2011.00965.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]

Jylhä P, Mantere O, Melartin T, Suominen K, Vuorilehto M, Arvilommi P, Holma I, Holma M, Leppämäki S, Valtonen H, Rytsälä H, Isometsä E. Differences in temperament and character dimensions in patients with bipolar I or II or major depressive disorder and general population subjects. Psychol Med 2011;41:1579-1591. [PMID: 21223625 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291710002606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]

Sasayama D, Hori H, Teraishi T, Hattori K, Ota M, Matsuo J, Kawamoto Y, Kinoshita Y, Hashikura M, Koga N, Okamoto N, Sakamoto K, Higuchi T, Amano N, Kunugi H. Difference in Temperament and Character Inventory scores between depressed patients with bipolar II and unipolar major depressive disorders. J Affect Disord 2011;132:319-24. [PMID: 21439649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]

Kim B, Joo YH, Kim SY, Lim JH, Kim EO. Personality traits and affective morbidity in patients with bipolar I disorder: the five-factor model perspective. Psychiatry Res 2011;185:135-40. [PMID: 20566218 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2010.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]

Eating disorders and major depression: role of anger and personality. DEPRESSION RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2011;2011:194732. [PMID: 21977317 PMCID: PMC3184501 DOI: 10.1155/2011/194732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]

Bipolar Disorder and the TCI: Higher Self-Transcendence in Bipolar Disorder Compared to Major Depression. DEPRESSION RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2011;2011:529638. [PMID: 21789279 PMCID: PMC3140026 DOI: 10.1155/2011/529638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]

Differentiating Bipolar Disorder from Major Depressive Disorder Using the MMPI-2-RF: A Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) Analysis. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-010-9212-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]

Lövdahl H, Bøen E, Falkum E, Hynnekleiv T, Malt UF. Temperament and character in patients with bipolar II disorder and recurrent brief depression. Compr Psychiatry 2010;51:607-17. [PMID: 20965308 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2009] [Revised: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open

Montag C, Jurkiewicz M, Reuter M. Low self-directedness is a better predictor for problematic internet use than high neuroticism. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2010.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]

Lin CI, Lee SY, Chang YH, Wu JYW, Wu YS, Wu PL, Chen HC, Chen SL, Lee IH, Yeh TL, Yang YK, Ko HC, Lu RB. Temperamentsxgenes in bipolar I and bipolar II disorder patients. Psychiatry Res 2010;177:364-6. [PMID: 20399505 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2009] [Revised: 01/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]

Matsuo K, Nicoletti MA, Peluso MAM, Hatch JP, Nemoto K, Watanabe Y, Nery FG, Monkul ES, Zunta-Soares GB, Bowden CL, Soares JC. Anterior cingulate volumes associated with trait impulsivity in individuals with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2009;11:628-36. [PMID: 19689505 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2009.00732.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]

Temperament and character dimensions in patients with schizophrenia, relatives, and controls. J Nerv Ment Dis 2009;197:514-9. [PMID: 19597359 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181aacc1a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]

M'Bailara K, Chevrier F, Dutertre T, Demotes-Mainard J, Swendsen J, Henry C. [Emotional reactivity in euthymic bipolar patients]. Encephale 2009;35:484-90. [PMID: 19853723 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2008.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2007] [Accepted: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Euthymic states in bipolar disorders are usually considered to be lacking serious psychiatric disorders. Moreover, recent results prove the need to take an interest in a potential emotional dysregulation during these intercrisis periods. Therefore, it seems relevant not only to focus on the emotions tonality (sadness/euphoria) felt by patients, but also on the intensity of their emotional background. Several reasons argue for a disturbance of emotional reactivity in euthymic bipolar patients. First, most bipolar patients spontaneously claim they have a higher sensitivity than average, which may lead to extreme emotional reactions, even during intercrisis periods. Secondly, the emotional reactivity is a way to raise the question of the bipolar patients' vulnerability to stress in euthymic periods. Several studies have shown the impact of stressful life events on the rate of relapse into bipolar disorders. The aim of this study is to examine the emotional reactivity of euthymic bipolar patients in comparison with a control group, using a test of emotional induction. Our hypothesis is that euthymic bipolar patients have a higher emotional reactivity than controls.

METHOD

One hundred and forty-five subjects were recruited: 90 controls and 55 euthymic bipolar patients. The patients were interviewed by a trained psychologist using the French version of the DIGS providing DSM-IV diagnosis. The euthymic state was confirmed with both MADRS (score<12) and Bech's Manic Scale (score<4). The subjective emotional reactivity of the subjects was assessed using a method of emotional induction, based on viewing a set of 18 (positive, negative or neutral) pictures. The subjects have to appreciate the valence (pleasant, neutral or unpleasant thoughts) and assess the arousal (degree of emotion triggered by each picture).

RESULTS

On average, euthymic bipolar patients report the same valence and arousal to positive (F [1.143]=0.18, p=0.68) and negative (F [1.143]=0.52, p=0.47) pictures as control subjects. Neutral pictures, however, were considered more pleasant and moving by euthymic bipolar patients than by control subjects (F [1.143]=8.40, p=0.004).

CONCLUSION

Euthymic bipolar patients seem to present an emotional hyperactivity which occurs especially in neutral situations. These results partly corroborate outcomes of other authors, while providing a new methodology through the emotional induction test. The highlight of emotional hyperreactivity during intercrisis periods allows us to understand differently the topic of specific vulnerability to stress of bipolar patients. This hypersensitivity could lead to thymic decompensations and could be linked with an emotional dysregulation, potential endophenotype of the bipolar pathology. Beyond the interest in understanding the physiopathology of the bipolar disorder, it could be associated with several clinical applications as well as in the psychoeducational field and in the screening of the individual risk within the family of bipolar subjects.

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Olvera RL, Fonseca M, Caetano SC, Hatch JP, Hunter K, Nicoletti M, Pliszka SR, Cloninger CR, Soares JC. Assessment of personality dimensions in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder using the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2009;19:13-21. [PMID: 19232019 PMCID: PMC2762645 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2008.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]

M'bailara K, Demotes-Mainard J, Swendsen J, Mathieu F, Leboyer M, Henry C. Emotional hyper-reactivity in normothymic bipolar patients. Bipolar Disord 2009;11:63-9. [PMID: 19133967 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2008.00656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Normothymic states in bipolar disorders are generally considered to be devoid of severe symptoms. However, bipolar patients present subsyndromal symptoms for half of their lives, and often have comorbid psychiatric disorders. If we go beyond the concept of temperamental features, can we identify certain emotional characteristics distinguishing normothymic bipolar patients from normal controls? We previously showed, using self-completed questionnaires, that normothymic bipolar patients display higher levels of emotional lability and intensity than controls.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to assess the emotional reactivity of normothymic bipolar patients, comparing such patients with a normal control group during an experimental mood induction procedure.

METHOD

We evaluated the subjective emotional reactivity of 145 subjects (90 control subjects and 55 normothymic bipolar patients), using an emotional induction method based on the viewing of a set of 18 pictures (6 positive, 6 negative, 6 neutral) extracted from the International Affective Picture System. Subjective valence and arousal were recorded with the Self-Assessment Manikin. We also recorded startle reflexes, triggered by a tone occurring during the viewing of two-thirds of the pictures. We controlled for confounding factors, such as concurrent treatments, in all analyses.

RESULTS

Normothymic bipolar patients and normal controls assessed valence and arousal similarly for positive and negative images. However, neutral images were considered more pleasant [F(1,143) = 8.4; p = 0.004] and induced a higher level of arousal [F(1,143) = 12.3; p = 0.001] in normothymic bipolar patients than in control subjects. Neutral pictures also triggered a stronger startle reflex in normothymic bipolar patients compared to controls [F(3,123) = 3.1; p = 0.03].

CONCLUSION

Normothymic bipolar patients displayed emotional hyper-reactivity, mostly evidenced in neutral situations. This feature may be linked to emotional dysregulation and is a potential endophenotype and/or a risk factor for bipolar disorders. This trait may be responsible for vulnerability to minor stressful events in everyday life. These findings have potential implications for the daily management of bipolar disorder between crises.

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