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Hou J, Mortel L, Popma A, Smit D, van Wingen G. Predicting the onset of mental health problems in adolescents. Psychol Med 2025; 55:e128. [PMID: 40302646 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172500087x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mental health problems are the major cause of disability among adolescents. Personalized prevention may help to mitigate the development of mental health problems, but no tools are available to identify individuals at risk before they require mental health care. METHODS We identified children without mental health problems at baseline but with six different clinically relevant problems at 1- or 2-year follow-up in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. We used machine learning analysis to predict the development of these mental health problems with the use of demographic, symptom and neuroimaging data in a discovery (N = 3236) and validation (N = 3851) sample. The discovery sample (N = 168-513 per group) consisted of participants with MRI data and were matched with healthy controls on age, sex, IQ, and parental education level. The validation sample (N = 84-231) consisted of participants without MRI data. RESULTS Subclinical symptoms at 9-10 years of age could accurately predict the development of six different mental health problems before the age of 12 in the discovery and validation sample (AUCs = 0.71-0.90). The additive value of neuroimaging in the discovery sample was limited. Multiclass prediction of the six groups showed considerable misclassification, but subclinical symptoms could accurately differentiate between the development of externalizing and internalizing problems (AUC = 0.79). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that machine learning models can predict conversion to mental health problems during a critical period in childhood using subclinical symptoms. These models enable the personalization of preventative interventions for children at increased risk, which may reduce the incidence of mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyun Hou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laurens Mortel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arne Popma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Smit
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guido van Wingen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Rogers AH, Palermo TM, Groenewald CB, Murray CB. Adolescent predictors of substance use in young adulthood among individuals with childhood-onset chronic pain: A follow-up study. Eur J Pain 2025; 29:e4724. [PMID: 39248201 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.4724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent chronic pain is a substantial public health problem, and pain symptoms often persist into adulthood. Young adults with chronic pain are at elevated risk for more frequent tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use, and cross-sectional research highlights the importance of psychosocial vulnerability factors. Limited research has examined how adolescent predictors, including mental health symptoms, pain, sleep and family functioning, impact later, young adult substance use. METHODS A prospective cohort of 229 young adults (77.3% female; Mage = 21.0, SD = 1.6) with childhood-onset chronic pain completed measurements in adolescence and a follow-up assessment in young adulthood of past 3-month substance use frequency. RESULTS Adolescent sleep quality and male sex were associated with more frequent tobacco use; adolescent depression was associated with more frequent alcohol use, and adolescent pain severity was associated with less frequent, and male sex was associated with more frequent cannabis use. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent predictors of young adult substance use among youth with childhood-onset chronic pain represent important factors that may inform assessment, prevention and treatment of substance use in this population. Identifying and testing psychological interventions that target these vulnerability factors may reduce overall substance use risk in young adulthood. SIGNIFICANCE This prospective observational study of young adults with childhood-onset chronic pain identified adolescent depression and sleep quality as vulnerability factors associated with substance use. Given the increasing risk for substance use during adolescence and young adulthood, these findings highlight the potential importance of early intervention to reduce substance use among young adults with childhood-onset chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Rogers
- Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Tonya M Palermo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cornelius B Groenewald
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Caitlin B Murray
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Barzoki MH, Toikko T. Family intimacy and depression: a comparative study among adolescents in Finland. Nord J Psychiatry 2025; 79:70-78. [PMID: 39641266 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2024.2436986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 10/25/2024] [Accepted: 11/28/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substantial research has demonstrated the strong influence of family factors on adolescent depressive symptoms. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship, particularly the moderating effects of sex and sexual orientation, remain unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect effects of family intimacy on depressive symptoms among adolescents, while examining the mediating role of social inclusion and anxiety disorders. Furthermore, it explored how these effects are moderated by sex and sexual orientation. METHOD Data from the nationwide School Health Promotion Study in Finland were used (N = 155,166; adolescents aged 14-17 years). The analysis included a multiple mediation model to evaluate the pathways linking family intimacy to depressive symptoms, through social inclusion and anxiety disorders. Moderation analyses were conducted to explore the moderating effects of sex and sexual orientation on these pathways. RESULTS Family intimacy had a significant direct negative effect on depressive symptoms. Social inclusion and anxiety disorders were identified as mediators, with social inclusion serving as a significant buffer to depression. Moderation analysis revealed that these effects were stronger for non-heterosexual adolescents and varied by sex, with females showing a stronger impact of social inclusion on depressive symptoms, whereas males were more influenced by the pathway through anxiety disorders. CONCLUSION The findings highlight the crucial roles of social inclusion and family intimacy in mitigating depressive symptoms among adolescents. Interventions should prioritize enhancing social inclusion, particularly for non-heterosexual adolescents, and tailor strategies based on sex differences to optimize outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Haddadi Barzoki
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Business Studies, University of Eastern Finland | UEF, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Toikko
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Business Studies, University of Eastern Finland | UEF, Kuopio, Finland
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Zhang D, You Y, Cai L, Zhang W, Zhang K, Wu Y. The Relationship Between Family Communication and Adolescent Problematic Internet Use: The Chain Mediation Effects of Loneliness and Depression. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:4263-4280. [PMID: 39691582 PMCID: PMC11651063 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s486192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Problematic internet use (PIU) is a significant issue during adolescence. It is recognized as a condition for further study in the DSM-5 and may also be a consequence of underlying psychopathologies, as suggested by previous studies. Poor family communication is an important predictor of adolescent PIU. However, it remains unclear how family communication impacts adolescent PIU from the perspective of underlying psychopathologies. This study tested the chain mediating effect of loneliness and depression as well as the moderating effect of developmental stage in this chain mediation model to uncover the mechanisms underlying this association. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited a total of 1,377 participants (53% male) from 23 provinces across China, all aged 12 to 17. Family communication was assessed using the FCS-10, which measures aspects such as openness, emotional expression, and problem-solving abilities within family interactions. PIU was assessed using the PIUQ-SF-6, loneliness was measured by the T-ILS, and depression was assessed using the PHQ-9. The chain mediating effects were tested using bias-corrected percentile bootstrap (sample = 5000). Results The results indicated that (a) poor family communication was positively associated with adolescent PIU; (b) loneliness and depression mediated the link between family communication and adolescent PIU; (c) loneliness and depression sequentially mediated the link between family communication and adolescent PIU; (d) the developmental stage of adolescence (early vs late) moderated the relationship between depression and PIU in the chain mediation model. Conclusion This study reveals that depression, as a potential underlying psychopathology, may precede PIU. It also establishes a link between family communication and PIU, showing that loneliness resulting from poor family communication contributes to the development of depression in adolescents. The connection between depression and PIU is particularly pronounced in late adolescence. These findings highlight the importance of addressing underlying psychopathologies when screening and treating adolescent PIU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhang
- College of Media and International Culture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan You
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Lin Cai
- School of Chinese National Community, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- School of Marxism, Sichuan Institute of Industrial Technology, Deyang, 618500, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Health Promotion and Education Center (Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine Promotion and Communication Center), Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongying People’s Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, 257091, People’s Republic of China
- Ruiyang Pharmaceutical Company Limited Postdoctoral Research Workstation, Zibo, Shandong, 256100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China
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Xiao Y, Cui Y, Li F, Zeng W, Rozelle S, Shi C, Xu J, Shi J, Li G, Jiang F. The mediating effect of family support in the relationship between socio-economic status and postpartum depressive symptoms. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:3374. [PMID: 39633309 PMCID: PMC11616391 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20849-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to explore the mediation effect of family support on the relationship between SES and postpartum depressive symptoms. METHODS A total of 1887 mothers of newborn babies under 6 months of age in selected community health service centers in Shanghai were included in the analysis. A multi-stage probability sampling method was applied to select the sample. We generated a composite index for measuring each sample household's SES using a categorical principal component analysis approach. The mothers' perceived family support scale was used to reflect family functioning status. Regression models were used to verify the research hypotheses and assess the impact of intermediating variables. RESULTS 8.90% of participants had postpartum depressive status. The data showed that there was variability in the SES index, ranging from -4.18 to 0.81 (with lower SES being a low index value). According to the findings, the SES index was negative associated with depressive symptoms, the lower the SES level of the household, the higher the probability of the mother being at risk for depressive symptoms. (β = -0. 115, P < 0.001). When examining the analysis that adds family support as a mediator between SES and depressive symptoms, the coefficient of the mediator (family support) was significant (meaning the higher the family support, the lower the risk of depressive symptoms (β = -0.447, P < 0.001) and the coefficient relating the SES index to depressive symptoms became non-significant (β = -0.023, P = 0.280). CONCLUSION The association between SES and depressive symptoms among postpartum women is strongly mediated by family support. The finding suggests that the focus of interventions to prevent or mediate postpartum depression should consider developing strategies to strengthen family support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyin Xiao
- School of Public Health, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Stanford Center On China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yujie Cui
- China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feifei Li
- China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wu Zeng
- Department of Global Health, School of Health, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Scott Rozelle
- Stanford Center On China's Economy and Institutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chenshu Shi
- Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohong Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Kodzo LD, Danso NAA, Budu JT, Akriti KB, Hussain A, Zhang R. Experience of psychosocial rehabilitation; perspectives of depressed adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:4303-4312. [PMID: 38809300 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02473-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Given the multifaceted character of depression and its related symptoms, an adolescent living with it is at increased risk for a wide range of adverse events. This research aimed to understand and characterize the psychosocial rehabilitation experiences of depressed teenage participants in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. A cross-sectional semi-structured interview design influenced by an interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) technique was adopted. We employed a nonprobability, purposeful sampling approach to recruit twenty-one adolescents (6 males, 15 females) diagnosed with depression from the community after one month of discharge from admission and undergoing psychosocial rehabilitation. Using separate interviews, we gathered and analyzed data using interpretive phenomenological analysis to produce themes and sub-themes. These were presented with the participants' direct quotations. We discovered that the perspectives of adolescents' psychosocial rehabilitation experience include hopelessness and suicide ideation, coping difficulties, undesirable attitudes from support networks, challenges related to school, and isolation. Participants suggested appropriate therapeutic environments, encouraging support systems, and the media's role in preventing and treating depression among young people as rehabilitation approaches that could assist adolescents to remain lucid for longer intervals. These results shed light on the tragic realities faced by depressed adolescents. There is an urgent need to put well-defined structures in place to aid their rehabilitation and develop coping strategies for a better life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Dzifa Kodzo
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Nursing and Midwifery Training College, Central Region, Twifo Praso, Ghana
- School of International Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Organization of African Academic Doctors (OAAD), Off Kamiti Road, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | | | - Abid Hussain
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruixing Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Estrella-Proaño A, Rivadeneira MF, Alvarado J, Murtagh M, Guijarro S, Alomoto L, Cañarejo G. Anxiety and depression in first-year university students: the role of family and social support. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1462948. [PMID: 39649784 PMCID: PMC11621471 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1462948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 12/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents and young are one of the population groups with the highest prevalence of anxiety and depression worldwide. Few studies address this problem in young university students. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of anxiety and depression in first-year university students and its association with family functionality and social support. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on 847 students from five cities in Ecuador, between 18 and 25 years of age, who were beginning their university career. Anxiety and depression symptoms were measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, family functionality with the FF-SIL Test, and social support with the Medical Outcomes Study Scale. The sociodemographic characteristics of the participants were also measured. Bivariate and multivariate data analyzes were performed using logistic regression. Results The 19.7% of the students presented anxiety, while 24.7% presented depression. Female students, students with poor economic status, and married/in union students had a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression. Family dysfunction and lack of global social support were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of anxiety (OR 1.93 95% CI 1.20-3.10; OR 1.99 95% CI 1.19-3.33, respectively) and depression (OR 1.87 95% CI 1.16-3.01; OR 2.2 95% CI 1.35-2.57, respectively), regardless of the student's economic situation. Conclusion Social support and family functionality play an important role in the prevention of anxiety and depression in first-year university students. It is necessary to establish mental health policies and strategies in this underserved population group that strengthen social support and family functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Estrella-Proaño
- Faculty of Nursing, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - María F. Rivadeneira
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jéssica Alvarado
- Postgraduate in Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Matías Murtagh
- Faculty of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Susana Guijarro
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Lidia Alomoto
- Postgraduate in Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Glenda Cañarejo
- Postgraduate in Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
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Wang JA, Wang HF, Cao B, Lei X, Long C. Cultural Dimensions Moderate the Association between Loneliness and Mental Health during Adolescence and Younger Adulthood: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1774-1819. [PMID: 38662185 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01977-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Cultural factors, such as country or continent, influence the relationship between loneliness and mental health. However, less is known about how cultural dimensions moderate this relationship during adolescence and younger adulthood, even if these dimensions manifest as country or continent differences. This study aims to examine the potential influence of Hofstede's cultural dimensions on this relationship using a three-level meta-analysis approach. A total of 292 studies with 291,946 participants aged 10 to 24 were included in this study. The results indicate that cultural dimensions, such as individualism vs. collectivism, indulgence vs. restraint, power distance, and long-term vs. short-term orientation, moderated the associations between loneliness and social anxiety, stress, Internet overuse, and negative affect. The association between loneliness and mental health was not moderated by cultural dimensions, such as masculinity and uncertainty avoidance. These findings suggest that culture's influence on the association between loneliness and mental health is based on a domain-specific mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ai Wang
- School of Psychology and Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of the Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hai-Fan Wang
- School of Psychology and Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of the Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Bing Cao
- School of Psychology and Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of the Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xu Lei
- School of Psychology and Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of the Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Changquan Long
- School of Psychology and Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of the Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Shi X, Na Y, Zhu Y. Family dysfunction and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese college students: A longitudinal moderated mediation model involving depressive symptoms and self-compassion. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-024-06331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2025]
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Ma R, Zhang Q, Zhang C, Xu W. Longitudinal associations between family functioning and generalized anxiety among adolescents: the mediating role of self-identity and cognitive flexibility. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:399. [PMID: 39026265 PMCID: PMC11264820 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01908-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generalized anxiety (GA) is showing a high prevalence among adolescents nowadays; investigations on influencing factors and potential mechanisms are important to inform intervention development. The present two-wave study investigated the ways in which family functioning predicted GA six months later among adolescents, by considering the mediating role of self-identity and cognitive flexibility. METHODS Adolescents were recruited from 27 randomly selected classes in two secondary schools in Chongqing and Fujian Province, China. Survey questionnaires assessing family functioning, self-identity, cognitive flexibility and GA were obtained from 1223 adolescents (Mage = 13.14, SD = 1.35) at two time points of the 6-month interval. RESULTS The association between family functioning (T1) and GA (T2) was significant (r= -0.152, p < 0.01). Self-identity and cognitive flexibility sequentially mediated the relationship between family functioning (T1) and GA (T2) (with the indirect effect = -0.005, 95% CI = -0.007~ -0.002) after controlling for age, gender, and GA at baseline. Cognitive flexibility also showed a significant and direct mediating effect (with the indirect effect = -0.008, 95% CI = -0.012 ~ -0.005). CONCLUSION Findings indicated that family functioning can be a protective factor of GA, and self-identity and cognitive flexibility act as a crucial role in the association between family functioning and GA. Future studies should adopt more time points and long-term follow-up assessments using more robust approaches to improve the reliability of the study findings. Findings may offer some implications that building a harmonious, open and warm family and guiding adolescents to develop self-identity as well as more flexible cognitive style could be helpful to prevent and cope with anxious emotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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Kang KI, Kang CM. Factors Influencing Adolescent Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Regression Model. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2024; 62:46-55. [PMID: 37956351 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20231025-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The current study used secondary data from the 17th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey conducted in 2021 to identify risk factors influencing the frequency with which adolescents in Korea experience generalized anxiety. Participants were 54,848 adolescents. Risk factors for generalized anxiety were analyzed using a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model. Of participants, 23.7% reported no generalized anxiety experiences. Risk factors identified in the count model were being female and having low household economic status as well as perceived stress, sadness, subjective sleep insufficiency, and loneliness. In the logit model, being female, in middle school, having middle and low household economic status, not living with family, having perceived stress, sadness, suicidal ideation, subjective sleep insufficiency, loneliness, and body image distortion were significant predictors of future anxiety among participants without anxiety. These results may be useful for planning nursing interventions to improve and prevent future health problems in adolescents. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62(6), 46-55.].
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Sachs R, Nakonezny PA, Balzen KM, Heerschap J, Kennard BD, Emslie GJ, Stewart SM. The effect of parent-adolescent discrepancies in reports of familial dysfunction and depression on suicidal ideation in adolescents. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024; 54:515-527. [PMID: 38385782 PMCID: PMC11164646 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parents and adolescents are often discrepant in their reports of adolescent psychosocial factors. Few studies have addressed parent-adolescent discrepancies in subjective ratings of familial dysfunction and depression as longitudinal predictor variables, and none have done so in a treatment setting for adolescents with acute suicidality. This study examined how parent-adolescent discrepancies in familial dysfunction and depression impact adolescent treatment response in an intensive outpatient program for suicidality. METHODS Adolescents (N = 315) were assessed at treatment entry and exit for familial dysfunction, depression, and suicidal ideation. Parents received parallel assessments of familial dysfunction and adolescent depression at each time point. A polynomial regression was conducted to determine whether parent-adolescent discrepancies in reports of familial dysfunction and depression at entry related to the treatment outcome of adolescent-reported depression and suicide ideation at exit. RESULTS Significant discrepancies were present with on average adolescents reporting more depression and familial dysfunction than parents. Entry discrepancy in familial dysfunction (but not depression) predicted suicide ideation at exit. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that parent-adolescent discrepancies in perception of familial dysfunction is a risk factor for poor outcomes in suicidal youth and might be a fruitful target in treatment programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raney Sachs
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Division of Psychology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Paul A. Nakonezny
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Jessica Heerschap
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Division of Psychology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Health Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Betsy D. Kennard
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Division of Psychology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Health Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Graham J. Emslie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Health Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Sunita M. Stewart
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Division of Psychology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Health Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Jiang X, Zhang K. Family Environmental Risk and Perceived Stress in Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: A Network Analysis. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01719-w. [PMID: 38782807 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01719-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This study, grounded in the Process-Person-Context-Time framework, investigates the complex interplay of family environmental factors and their influence on adolescent depressive symptoms, focusing on the role of 'perceived stress'. Using network analysis, we examined data from 735 junior high students (52.1% female adolescents) from three provinces in China (Jiangsu, Shandong, and Henan), with an average age of 13.81 ± 0.92 years, ranging from 12 to 16 years, exploring the relationships between depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and seven family risk factors. The analysis identified three distinct communities. The incorporation of perceived stress led to its integration into a community that included depressive symptoms, parental restrictive monitoring, and family economic strain. Perceived stress emerged as the strongest predictor of depressive symptoms, surpassing parental restrictive monitoring. Furthermore, it overtook depressive symptoms as the node with the strongest bridging connection within its community. These findings underscore the importance of interventions targeting both family conditions and the internal processing of these stressors by adolescents, especially in challenging family environments, to mitigate the risk of depression and promote resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliu Jiang
- Department of Social Psychology, School of Sociology, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Department of Social Psychology, School of Sociology, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, China.
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14
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Aziz M, Chemnad K, Al-Harahsheh S, Abdelmoneium AO, Baghdady A, Ali R. Depression, stress, and anxiety versus internet addiction in early and middle adolescent groups: the mediating roles of family and school environments. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:184. [PMID: 38570890 PMCID: PMC10993579 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01659-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family and school environment play a crucial role across the different developmental stages of adolescence. This paper investigates the potential mediating role of family and school environments in the relationship between the three psychosocial predictors of depression, anxiety, stress, and Internet addiction (IA). Specifically, it focuses on the two stages of early and middle adolescence. METHODS The study involved a survey of 407 adolescents from Qatar, comprising 250 early adolescents and 157 middle adolescents. Inclusion criteria for the study included adolescents between the ages of 10 to 17 years old, residents of Qatar and studying in a Qatar-based school. To assess the constructs of the three psychosocial predictors, IA, family environment, the study utilized the Depression, Stress, and Anxiety Scale (DASS), the Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire (IADQ), and the Brief Family Relationship Scale, respectively. School environment was measured using questions from the "Health Behavior in School-aged Children: WHO Collaborative Cross-National survey/study (HBSC) 2013-2014. The study applied standard mediation analysis between the DASS components and IA with family and school environment as the mediators. RESULTS Results from the mediation analysis reveal insights into the relationships between psychosocial predictors and IA. The findings indicate that family and school environments partially mediated the relationship with regards to depression, stress, and anxiety in early adolescents. In middle adolescents, family environment partially mediated the relationship with depression and stress and fully mediating the relationship with anxiety. Meanwhile, school environment only exhibited partial mediation in the relationship with anxiety in middle adolescence. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the crucial role parents and schools play in addressing problematic technology usage that develops as a response to depression, anxiety, and stress among adolescents. Moreover, the study reveals nuances in the mediating role of family and school environment in early and middle adolescence. This highlights the evolving nature of these influences across the different stages of development. Notably, this study contributes to the literature by moving beyond the conventional focus on the so-called WEIRD population, and offering valuable insights from a region that is underrepresented in current research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Aziz
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Khansa Chemnad
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Ahmed Baghdady
- World Innovation Summit for Education, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raian Ali
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
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15
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Lin J, Guo W. The Research on Risk Factors for Adolescents' Mental Health. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:263. [PMID: 38667059 PMCID: PMC11047495 DOI: 10.3390/bs14040263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing tendency for mental health disorders to emerge during adolescence. These disorders impair emotional, cognitive, and behavioral functioning, such as unsatisfying peer relationships, disruptive behavior, and decreased academic performance. They also contribute to vulnerability in later adulthood which negatively influences life-long well-being. Thus, research into etiology is imperative to provide implications for prevention and intervention within family and school practices. It is suggested that the onset of psychological disorders, such as depression and anxiety, is closely related to stress levels and patterns of stress reaction. Therefore, considerable research has investigated the link between hereditary factors, economic status, dispositional vulnerability, social relationships, and stress levels. The current study examines existing evidence and identifies multifaceted risk factors for adolescents' mental problems across three layers, including individual traits and personality, family status and practices, as well as peer relationships, and school climate. It is also suggested that factors from these three perspectives interact and are closely interconnected, directly or indirectly contributing to adolescent psychopathology. The implications for future development of prevention and intervention programs, as well as therapy, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Lin
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wuyuan Guo
- Department of Curriculum and Instruction, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
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16
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Zhou J, Li X, Zou Y, Gong X. Longitudinal relations among family dysfunction, depressive symptoms, and cyberbullying involvement in Chinese early adolescents: Disentangling between- and within-person associations. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:395-403. [PMID: 36484142 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Family dysfunction plays an important role in cyberbullying and cybervictimization. However, little research has investigated the longitudinal relations and the mediating mechanisms between them during adolescence. This study examined the longitudinal relations between family dysfunction and cyberbullying and cybervictimization, along with whether depressive symptoms function as mediators between them at the within-person level. A total of 3,743 Chinese adolescents (46.2% females; Mage = 9.92 years; SD = 0.51) participated a five-wave longitudinal study with a 6-month time interval. The results of random intercept cross-lagged panel model found that: (1) family dysfunction directly predicted depressive symptoms and vice versa at the within-person level; (2) depressive symptoms directly predicted cyberbullying and cybervictimization at the within-person level, but not vice versa; (3) family dysfunction indirectly predicted cyberbullying and cybervictimization via depressive symptoms at the within-person level; (4) at the between-person level, there were significant associations among family dysfunction, depressive symptoms, cyberbullying and cybervictimization. The results are discussed on the basis of the mechanisms that lead to cyberbullying and cybervictimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhou
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Zou
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue Gong
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Xu H, Chen ZH, Ji JJ, She J, Hou CT, Zhang YH. The Factors of Adolescent Depression in Jiangsu Province, China, from the Perspective of Social Ecosystem: A Case-Control Study. Depress Anxiety 2023; 2023:2861629. [PMID: 40224609 PMCID: PMC11921840 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2861629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of adolescent depression is continuously increasing, impacting the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral development of adolescents. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend depression from the perspective of the social ecosystem, necessitating further empirical evaluation. Methods This study utilized a case-control study design. The cases consisted of adolescents with depression (aged 13-18 years) admitted to a psychiatric hospital in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China, from November 2021 to July 2022, meeting the diagnostic criteria for depression in the 11th Edition of the International Classification of Diseases. Control group students, with a matching gender ratio in the same region, were randomly recruited. Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the factors associated with depression, with gender and age as covariates. Results The study comprised 200 participants, with 44 (22.0%) males and 156 (78.0%) females. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that increased adolescent depression was associated with being an only child (AOR = 2.680, 95% CI: 1.106-6.492), living in urban areas (AOR = 3.324, 95% CI: 1.077-10.267), experiencing school bullying (AOR = 9.087, 95% CI: 2.044-40.408), having severe family dysfunction (AOR = 6.491, 95% CI: 1.109-37.995), and possessing low core self-evaluation (AOR = 11.746, 95% CI: 3.305-41.746). Odds ratios for each factor were statistically significant. Conclusions Our results improve the evidence for associations between adolescent depression and core self-evaluation, school bullying, family function, living in urban areas, and being an only child. These findings should be taken into consideration in the assessment, intervention, and related policies for adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xu
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao-hong Chen
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-jie Ji
- Department of Early Intervention, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan She
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-ting Hou
- Department of Early Intervention, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-hong Zhang
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Hu W, Deng C. The effect of duration of youth/parent communication on depression and anxiety during COVID-19 isolation in China. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2023; 44:468-488. [PMID: 38603409 PMCID: PMC9729717 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221142284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The current study examines the mediating roles of self-efficacy and sleep disturbance and the moderating role of gender in the association between the duration of youth/parent communication on depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 isolation period in China. We used the self-designed demographic variable questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Self-Rating Depression Scale, and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale with 1,772 youths aged 15-24 from 26 provinces in China during the COVID-19 lockdown. We performed demographic variable analysis, correlation analysis, mediation analysis, and moderated analysis. The duration of daily communication with parents was significantly positively correlated with self-efficacy and significantly negatively correlated with sleep disturbance, depression, and anxiety. The chain mediation analysis revealed that the duration of communication with parents directly affected depression and anxiety. Self-efficacy, sleep disturbance, and self-efficacy sleep disturbance had significant mediating and chain-mediating effects on the duration of communication with parents, depression, and anxiety. The interactions between sleep disturbance and gender (B = 0.35, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.64, p = .02 < .05) were significant. The duration of parent/youth communication directly affected depression and anxiety and indirectly affected depression and anxiety via the chain-mediating effect of self-efficacy and sleep disturbance. Gender moderates the relationships between sleep disturbance and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Hu
- Department of Mental Health, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiyun Deng
- Department of Mental Health, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Ying L, Shuang Z, Jia X. Peer attachment and self-esteem mediate the relationship between family function and social anxiety in migrant children in China. Child Care Health Dev 2023; 49:563-571. [PMID: 36271439 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social anxiety is a frequently reported symptom in children and adolescents. The literature suggests that family function is related to symptoms of social anxiety in children. However, relatively little is known about the potential mechanisms underlying the relationship between family function and social anxiety. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to examine the roles of peer attachment and self-esteem in the relationship between family function and social anxiety in a sample of migrant children in China. METHODS A total of 437 participants (54.9% male; meanage = 10.87 years) were selected from two public schools of migrant children in two areas of Hangzhou and Jiaxing, the major labor-importing cities in China, in May 2016. All participants completed four questionnaires assessing family function, peer attachment, self-esteem, and social anxiety. RESULTS The results showed that family function was bivariately and significantly related to symptoms of social anxiety. Additionally, self-esteem fully mediated the relationship between family function and social anxiety peer attachment. Moreover, the relationship between family function and social anxiety was fully mediated by peer attachment and self-esteem (in that order). CONCLUSIONS Peer attachment and self-esteem serve as critical pathways linking family function and social anxiety. Thus, tailored interventions should consider the roles of peer attachment and self-esteem to alleviate symptoms of social anxiety in migrant children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhua Ying
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhang Shuang
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuji Jia
- Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
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20
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Chen X, Chen Y, Zhou L, Tong J. The role of self-esteem as moderator of the relationship between experienced stigma and anxiety and depression among tuberculosis patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6889. [PMID: 37105982 PMCID: PMC10134698 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety and depression are very common in tuberculosis (TB) patients and can adversely affect TB treatment adherence, ultimately leading to higher morbidity, mortality and drug resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the association among experienced stigma, self-esteem and anxiety and depression, and to further explore whether self-esteem could be a moderator in the association between experienced stigma and anxiety and depression in TB patients. A total of 473 TB patients from Dalian, Liaoning Province, Northeast China participated in a cross-sectional survey. A structured questionnaire was developed to collect data. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyze the association among experienced stigma, self-esteem and experienced stigma × self-esteem interaction with anxiety and depression. Simple slope analysis was applied to visualize the interaction. Experienced stigma was positively associated with anxiety (B = 0.307, P < 0.01) and depression (B = 0.277, P < 0.01), and self-esteem was negatively associated with anxiety (B = - 0.215, P < 0.01) and depression (B = - 0.351, P < 0.01) in TB patients. The association between experienced stigma and anxiety was different in the low (1 standard deviation (SD) below the mean, B = 0.376, standard error (SE) = 0.056, P < 0.01) and high (1 SD above the mean, B = 0.228, SE = 0.060, P < 0.01) groups of self-esteem. Additionally, the association between experienced stigma and depression was also different in the low (1 SD below the mean, B = 0.363, SE = 0.053, P < 0.01) and high (1 SD above the mean, B = 0.179, SE = 0.056, P < 0.01) groups of self-esteem. Self-esteem could moderate the association between experienced stigma and anxiety and depression. In addition to reducing experienced stigma, enhancing self-esteem as a way to reduce the impact of experienced stigma on anxiety and depression can also help improve the mental health of TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, NO. 669 Qindongmen Street, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunting Chen
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiao Tong
- Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, NO. 669 Qindongmen Street, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Zurita-Ortega F, Alonso-Vargas JM, Puertas-Molero P, González-Valero G, Ubago-Jiménez JL, Melguizo-Ibáñez E. Levels of Physical Activity, Family Functioning and Self-Concept in Elementary and High School Education Students: A Structural Equation Model. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:163. [PMID: 36670713 PMCID: PMC9856633 DOI: 10.3390/children10010163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In the adolescent population there is great concern about low levels of physical activity and low levels of family awareness of the benefits of physical exercise on physical and mental health. This study aims to determine the influence of physical activity levels, family functioning and self-concept in primary and secondary school students, as well as to develop a structural equation model as a function of weekly physical activity time. A descriptive, cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted on whether students engage in more than three hours of physical activity per week. To collect the data, instruments validated by the scientific community were used, such as the Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve family questionnaire (APGAR) and the self-concept questionnaire form 5. The results show that those students who engage in more than 3 h of physical activity per week have higher levels of family functioning than those who do not meet this sport criterion. In addition, physically active students show higher scores on all dimensions of self-concept than those who practice less than 3 h of physical activity per week. Finally, as a conclusion, it can be affirmed that the amount of physical activity practice brings benefits to student's mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Manuel Alonso-Vargas
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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22
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Doku PN, Ananga MK, Jehu-Appiah N, Akohene KM, Debrah TP, Nsatimba F. Child maltreatment mediates the relationship between HIV/AIDS family dysfunction trajectories and psychosocial problems among adolescents. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001599. [PMID: 36963031 PMCID: PMC10021166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between parental HIV/AIDS status or death and child mental health is well known, although the role of child maltreatment as a confounder or mediator in this relationship remains uncertain. This study examined the potential path mechanism through child maltreatment mediating the link between HIV/AIDS family dysfunction trajectories and psychosocial problems. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Lower Manya Municipal Assembly of Ghana. A questionnaire which consisted of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Social and Health Assessment (SAHA), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) was completed by 291 adolescents. Controlling for relevant sociodemographic confounders, mediation analyses using linear regression were fitted to examine whether the association between family dysfunction and psychosocial problems is mediated by child maltreatment. The results indicate that, among adolescents, child maltreatment fully mediated the association between being orphaned by AIDS and self-esteem (b = .59 [95%CI .32, .91]), delinquency and risky behaviours (b = .56 [95%CI .31, .86]) and peer problems (b = .74 [95%CI .48, 1.03]). Similarly, child maltreatment fully mediated the association between living with an HIV/AIDS-infected parent and self-esteem (b = .78 [95%CI .43, 1.23]), delinquency and risky behaviours (b = .76 [95%CI .45, 1.11]), depression/emotional problems (b = .64 [95%CI .40, .92]) and peer problems (b = .94 [95%CI .66, 1.26]). Partial mediation was found for hyperactivity. Child maltreatment mediates the association between the family dysfunction trajectories of parental HIV/AIDS or death and psychosocial problems among adolescents. This implies that efforts to address child maltreatment among families affected by HIV/AIDS may be helpful in the prevention of psychosocial problems among these children, thus enhancing their wellbeing. The findings therefore underscore the need for comprehensive psychosocial interventions that addresses both the unique negative exposures of HIV/AIDS and maltreatment for children affected by HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Narh Doku
- Department of Mental Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Mark Kwame Ananga
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | | | - Kofi Mensah Akohene
- School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Frederick Nsatimba
- Department of Mental Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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23
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Liu S, Yang H, Cheng M, Miao T. Family Dysfunction and Cyberchondria among Chinese Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9716. [PMID: 35955070 PMCID: PMC9368117 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyberchondria has become a severe health problem and a significant public concern. In addition to the impacts that cyberchondria involves, individual psychological and behavioral factors have been identified. However, the role of family function and the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying these relations are not understood well, especially among adolescents. Based on family functioning and cognitive-behavioral theory, this study sought to examine whether family dysfunction was associated with cyberchondria, and a moderated mediation model was prepared as a means of exploring whether health anxiety was a mediator of relationships between family dysfunction and cyberchondria, as well as whether optimism moderated these mediating processes. A total of 2074 Chinese adolescents (mean = 15.08 years, SD = 1.79) reported their demographic information, family dysfunction, health anxiety, optimism, and cyberchondria. The findings showed that family dysfunction was positively related to cyberchondria. Moreover, health anxiety partially mediated the relationship between family dysfunction and cyberchondria. Finally, optimism moderated the interplay among health anxiety and cyberchondria. Consistent with the expectancy-value models, this positive relationship was weaker for adolescents with a higher level of optimism. These results suggest that it is vital to simultaneously consider individual and family factors as a means of understanding adolescent cyberchondria when performing cyberchondria intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyingjie Liu
- Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Huai Yang
- School of Nursing & Institute of Higher Education Research and Quality Evaluation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Humanities & Arts, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Tianchang Miao
- College of Humanities & Arts, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314001, China
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24
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Gan X, Xiang GX, Jin X, Zhu CS, Yu CF. How Does Family Dysfunction Influence Internet Gaming Disorder? Testing a Moderated Serial Mediation Model Among Chinese Adolescents. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00895-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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25
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van Eickels RL, Tsarpalis-Fragkoulidis A, Zemp M. Family cohesion, shame-proneness, expressive suppression, and adolescent mental health-A path model approach. Front Psychol 2022; 13:921250. [PMID: 35992453 PMCID: PMC9382198 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.921250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The family remains one of the most important relationship systems into early adulthood and provides an important foundation for lifelong mental health. Dysfunctional family cohesion can promote adjustment problems in adolescents and might also affect adolescents' self-concept and strategies for coping with emotional distress. To test these relationships and the underlying mechanisms, we proposed a dual mediation model describing the associations between family cohesion and internalizing and externalizing problems, mediated by shame-proneness and expressive suppression. Methods A sample of 526 German-speaking adolescents aged 14 to 18 years from Austria, Germany, and Switzerland participated in an online self-report survey encompassing questionnaires on family cohesion, shame-proneness, expressive suppression, and psychological problems. We tested a path model to examine the indirect pathways of the associations between family cohesion and internalizing and externalizing problems via shame-proneness and expressive suppression, while controlling for age, gender, and guilt-proneness. Results We found a significant dual mediation of the associations between family cohesion and internalizing and externalizing problems by shame-proneness and expressive suppression. The indirect pathways were all significant, except for the indirect pathway from family cohesion to externalizing problems via shame-proneness. Discussion Our results provide a model for the mechanisms by which disrupted family cohesion can be related to psychological problems in adolescents. Expressive suppression emerged as crucial when considering the consequences of shame-proneness in adolescents, as it was only indirectly related to externalizing problems via expressive suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel L. van Eickels
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Rudrum M, Houghton S, Glasgow K. Loneliness and depressive symptoms among Australian female boarding school students. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/01430343221107394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Loneliness in adolescence is a risk factor for the development and maintenance of a myriad of mental health conditions, especially among females. Adolescent females in boarding schools spend prolonged periods away from family and may therefore be more prone to experiencing loneliness and depression. Research into this significant issue is limited, however. The present study compared the levels of loneliness and depressive symptoms of 403, 13–17 year old adolescent females from a range of boarding and non-boarding secondary schools. Confirmatory Factor Analyses established the fit of the loneliness and depressive symptom measures. Multivariate Analysis of Variance revealed boarding school students scored significantly higher than non- boarding school students on levels of depressive symptoms and having a positive attitude to being alone. These differences remained significant when age was covaried. There were no differences in quality of friendships, feelings of isolation, and having a negative attitude to being alone. The implications of these findings for boarding schools are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Rudrum
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen Houghton
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ken Glasgow
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Rojas-Torres IL, Ahmad M, Martín Álvarez JM, Golpe AA, Gil Herrera RDJ. Mental health, suicide attempt, and family function for adolescents' primary health care during the COVID-19 pandemic. F1000Res 2022; 11:529. [PMID: 36545375 PMCID: PMC9751494 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.109603.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The study's purpose was to identify associations between mental health risk, suicide attempts, and family function. Methods: A correlational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was carried out in a group of adolescents in the last grade of secondary school to establish the association between mental health risk, suicide attempt, and family functionality. The instruments used were the self-report questionnaire, the suicide risk assessment scale, and the family APGAR. Data analysis was performed using the artificial intelligence algorithm (gower clustering). Results: 246 adolescents responded to the three instruments, which made it possible to select those with correlations of sensitive interest and, based on these, an intervention plan. Psychological distress was found in 28%, psychotic symptoms in 85%, and problematic alcohol use in 9%. Good family functioning was identified in 34% and some type of family dysfunction in 66%. In terms of suicide risk, there was a low suicide risk of 74%, 24% medium risk, and 2% high risk. It could be shown that there is a correlation in a group of 15% of the respondents. Conclusions: The risk of suffering mental health deterioration and the suicide risk, during this pandemic period, seems to be related to family functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indiana-Luz Rojas-Torres
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla, Colombia
- Universidad Americana de Europa (UNADE), Cancún, Mexico
| | - Mostapha Ahmad
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla, Colombia
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Rojas-Torres IL, Ahmad M, Martín Álvarez JM, Golpe AA, Gil Herrera RDJ. Mental health, suicide attempt, and family function for adolescents' primary health care during the COVID-19 pandemic. F1000Res 2022; 11:529. [PMID: 36545375 PMCID: PMC9751494 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.109603.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The study's purpose was to identify associations between mental health risk, suicide attempts, and family function. Methods: A correlational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was carried out in a group of adolescents in the last grade of secondary school to establish the association between mental health risk, suicide attempt, and family functionality. The instruments used were the self-report questionnaire, the suicide risk assessment scale, and the family APGAR. Data analysis was performed using the artificial intelligence algorithm (gower clustering). Results: 246 adolescents responded to the three instruments, which made it possible to select those with correlations of sensitive interest and, based on these, an intervention plan. Psychological distress was found in 28%, psychotic symptoms in 85%, and problematic alcohol use in 9%. Good family functioning was identified in 34% and some type of family dysfunction in 66%. In terms of suicide risk, there was a low suicide risk of 74%, 24% medium risk, and 2% high risk. It could be shown that there is a correlation in a group of 15% of the respondents. Conclusions: The risk of suffering mental health deterioration and the suicide risk, during this pandemic period, seems to be related to family functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indiana-Luz Rojas-Torres
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla, Colombia
- Universidad Americana de Europa (UNADE), Cancún, Mexico
| | - Mostapha Ahmad
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla, Colombia
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Chukwuere PC, Sehularo LA, Manyedi ME. Experiences of adolescents and parents on the mental health management of depression in adolescents, North West province, South Africa. Curationis 2022; 45:e1-e9. [PMID: 35261252 PMCID: PMC8905408 DOI: 10.4102/curationis.v45i1.2178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living with or managing an adolescent suffering from depression predisposes the adolescent and parents to various experiences, considering the multifactorial nature of depression and associated symptoms. OBJECTIVE This study explored and described the experiences of adolescents and their parents on the mental health management of depression in the North West province (NWP), South Africa. METHOD A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, contextual research design was adopted. Data was collect from two mental health care institutions and two mental health care units attached to two general hospitals in the NWP, SA. Thirty-two participants (18 adolescents and 14 parents) were purposefully selected for the study. Data were collected through individual interviews and analysed using Tesch's open-coding method to generate themes and categories which were presented with the concurrent support of participants direct quotations. RESULTS The study revealed that the experiences of adolescents with depression and their parents taking care of them at homes include the following: emotional distress, poor coping mechanisms, financial burden, repeated suicidal attempts, negative attitudes from support systems and withdrawal behaviours. Appropriate therapeutic environments, ongoing monitoring by mental healthcare practitioners and adequate support systems were suggested by participants as management approaches that could enhance the recovery of adolescents from depression. CONCLUSION The findings revealed the devastating experiences of adolescents with depression and their parents taking care of them in their various homes which confirms the dire need for attention on the plights of these groups in order to facilitate adolescents' recovery and strengthen the adolescents' and parents' coping mechanisms for a healthier family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Precious C Chukwuere
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Science, North-West University, Mahikeng.
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Wang E, Zhang J, Peng S, Zeng B. The Association Between Family Function and Adolescents' Depressive Symptoms in China: A Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12. [DOI: wang, e., zhang, j., peng, s., & zeng, b.(2021).the association between family function and adolescents’ depressive symptoms in china: a longitudinal cross-lagged analysis.frontiers in psychiatry, 12, article 744976.https:/doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.744976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2025] Open
Abstract
The complex interrelationships between family function and adolescents' depressive symptoms are not yet fully clarified, especially in China. Based on the family systems theory, this study explored the relationships between family function and Chinese adolescents' depressive symptoms by a 3-year longitudinal study design. Three waves of data were collected from 1,301 Chinese middle school students in Grade 7 to Grade 9. All participants completed the Chinese Family Assessment Instrument (CFAI) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) once a year during the junior middle school period. Our results showed that both family function and adolescent depressive symptoms were stable in Grade 7 and Grade 8, but in Grade 9, family function increased and depressive symptoms declined. Furthermore, we found that the family function in Grade 7 negatively influenced depressive symptoms of adolescents in Grade 8, while adolescent depressive symptoms in Grade 8 negatively impacted subsequent family function in Grade 9, namely there was a circular effect between family function and adolescent depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that the associations between family function and adolescents' depressive symptoms are dynamic and time-dependent. Our study contributes to the intervention aimed at the reduction of adolescent depressive symptoms from the family perspective.
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Wang E, Zhang J, Peng S, Zeng B. The Association Between Family Function and Adolescents' Depressive Symptoms in China: A Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:744976. [PMID: 34975563 PMCID: PMC8718401 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.744976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex interrelationships between family function and adolescents' depressive symptoms are not yet fully clarified, especially in China. Based on the family systems theory, this study explored the relationships between family function and Chinese adolescents' depressive symptoms by a 3-year longitudinal study design. Three waves of data were collected from 1,301 Chinese middle school students in Grade 7 to Grade 9. All participants completed the Chinese Family Assessment Instrument (CFAI) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) once a year during the junior middle school period. Our results showed that both family function and adolescent depressive symptoms were stable in Grade 7 and Grade 8, but in Grade 9, family function increased and depressive symptoms declined. Furthermore, we found that the family function in Grade 7 negatively influenced depressive symptoms of adolescents in Grade 8, while adolescent depressive symptoms in Grade 8 negatively impacted subsequent family function in Grade 9, namely there was a circular effect between family function and adolescent depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that the associations between family function and adolescents' depressive symptoms are dynamic and time-dependent. Our study contributes to the intervention aimed at the reduction of adolescent depressive symptoms from the family perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enna Wang
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Siya Peng
- College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, International Data Group (IDG)/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Biao Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Wong RS, Tung KT, Fu KW, Bacon-Shone J, Molasiotis A, Li WO, Lee LYK, Lum TY, Lau JT, Chan C, To SM, Ip P. Examining social context and the pathways to mental wellness in young adults during social movement: A parallel mediation analysis. J Affect Disord 2021; 294:876-882. [PMID: 34375215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Good family relationships are important for mental health. However, the mechanism linking family perceptions to mental wellness during political and social turmoil remains unclear. This study aimed to examine whether psychological and social factors could protect university students from detrimental mental health conditions in a time of social chaos. METHODS Participants included young adults (n = 1874, mean age = 22.19 years) who had been enrolled in Hong Kong local tertiary intuitions during Hong Kong's 2019 social movement. An online survey assessing various conditions, including family satisfaction, social support, personal resilience, negative moods, sense of school belonging, and mental health conditions before and during the movement, was administered to these students. Mediation analyses were performed to examine the role of negative affect, support from family, and school belongingness as mediators of the association between family satisfaction and mental health condition during the movement overall and by resilience subgroups. RESULTS Higher levels of satisfaction with family relationships before the onset of movement was associated with lower levels of negative affect and higher levels of support from family and school belongingness during the movement, in turn benefiting the student's mental health. The links of family satisfaction and school belongingness with mental wellness were particularly strong among low-resilient students. LIMITATIONS Mediation analysis using retrospective survey data CONCLUSIONS: Family conditions would interact with personal resilience to influence mental health status during social turmoil. The findings underscore the importance of early interventions particularly for those students facing family difficulties to enhance their social chaos and emergency preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa S Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Keith Ts Tung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - King-Wa Fu
- Journalism and Media Studies Centre, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - John Bacon-Shone
- Social Sciences Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alex Molasiotis
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wang On Li
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Linda Yin-King Lee
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Terry Ys Lum
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joseph Tf Lau
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chitat Chan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siu-Ming To
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Mathieu SL, Uddin R, Brady M, Batchelor S, Ross V, Spence SH, Watling D, Kõlves K. Systematic Review: The State of Research Into Youth Helplines. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 60:1190-1233. [PMID: 33383161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2020.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Helplines are generally a population-level resource for providing free, timely, easy-to-access, and anonymous counseling and/or information. Helplines have been developed and widely implemented for specific use by young people. The current study aimed to systematically review the literature to determine the status of research into the use of helplines among young people. METHOD Following the PRISMA checklist, 5 electronic databases were searched using relevant terms for literature published until May 2020. The extracted studies were summarized with the intention of identifying key themes that highlighted common findings, key implications, and important gaps in understanding. RESULTS A total of 52 articles fitting study inclusion criteria were identified. Most studies were quantitative papers from the United States and Australia. The types of helpline interactions studied were a mixture of telephone-based and SMS/text-based interactions. Three major themes were identified: awareness of and engagement with helpline services, nature of problems faced by young people, and service-related factors. Subthemes were use and awareness, barriers to help seeking, psychosocial problems, suicidality, telephone- versus text-based interactions, counselor-caller interaction, and provision of services to historically and systemically marginalized groups. CONCLUSION It appears that helplines may provide a beneficial service to youths, and that myriad psychosocial concerns provide the basis for calling. The literature is limited by a lack of controlled trials, on one hand, and complex methodological/ethical barriers preventing such trials, on the other hand. However, more research is needed before conclusions regarding effectiveness in youths can be made, particularly for services provided to systemically marginalized groups and using online text-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharna L Mathieu
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Riaz Uddin
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Morgan Brady
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Victoria Ross
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susan H Spence
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David Watling
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kairi Kõlves
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.
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The Relationship between Family Functioning and Pathological Internet Use among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Hope and the Moderating Role of Social Withdrawal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147700. [PMID: 34300150 PMCID: PMC8306270 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study constructed a moderated mediation model based on problem behavior theory to explore the psychological mechanism of family functioning interaction with pathological internet use. We used the Adolescent Pathological Internet Use Scale, General Functioning Scale, Trait Hope Scale, and Social Withdrawal Scale to measure internet use in 1223 middle school students. The results showed that (1) pathological internet use was negatively correlated with family functioning and hope, and positively correlated with social withdrawal; family functioning was positively correlated with hope, and negatively correlated with social withdrawal; hope was negatively correlated with social withdrawal; (2) family functioning could not only directly predict pathological internet use, but also indirectly predict pathological internet use through hope; and (3) the mediating effect of family functioning on pathological internet use was moderated by social withdrawal, which was stronger for individuals with low social withdrawal but not significant for individuals with high social withdrawal. This study revealed the internal mechanism of the relation between family functioning and adolescents’ pathological internet use, which has theoretical significance for improving adolescents’ hope and reducing their pathological internet use.
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Zhang H, Luo Y, Davis T, Zhang L. Interactive effects of childhood maltreatment and tonic respiratory sinus arrhythmia on young adults' depressive symptoms. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13900. [PMID: 34287947 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to investigate the moderating effect of tonic respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in the relation between childhood maltreatment and depression symptoms among young adults. A total of 98 participants (70 women) aged 17-22 years completed questionnaires on childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms. RSA data were obtained during a resting condition in the laboratory. Results indicated that childhood maltreatment interacted with tonic RSA to predict depressive symptoms, even after controlling for age and body mass index (BMI) of each participant. Specifically, higher levels of childhood maltreatment were associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms, but only among young adults who exhibited lower tonic RSA. The results indicated that the association between childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms depends on young adults' physiological functioning/flexibility. Findings suggest that consideration of external environmental factors in combination with internal physiological factors is critical to understand young adults' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Luo
- School of Education, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Toshanna Davis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
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Chen X, Qiu N, Zhai L, Ren G. Anxiety, Loneliness, Drug Craving, and Depression Among Substance Abusers in Sichuan Province, China. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:623360. [PMID: 34305579 PMCID: PMC8294453 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.623360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have reported that anxiety had a positive effect on depression among substance abusers in males. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying this relationship in substance abusers in males. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of loneliness and drug craving between anxiety and depression in substance abusers in males. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, The UCLA Loneliness Scale, Drug Craving Scale, and The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were employed into this study to investigate 585 substance abusers in males (age range of 20–58 years: M = 33.21, SD = 6.97). Structural equation modeling and the bootstrap approach were used to analyze the mediating effect of loneliness and drug craving on the relationship between anxiety and depression. The results indicated that: Loneliness had a significant positive correlation with anxiety (r = 0.37, p < 0.001) and depression (r = 0.49, p < 0.001); Drug craving had a significant positive correlation with anxiety (r = 0.28, p < 0.001) and depression (r = 0.39, p < 0.001). Loneliness and drug craving mediated the link between anxiety and depression. There was a significant positive correlation between substance abusers in male’s anxiety, loneliness, drug craving, and depression. Loneliness and drug craving had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between anxiety and depression. Therefore, it was suggested that substance abusers in male’s anxiety and depression might be improved and driven by decreasing loneliness and drug craving. Targeted interventions to decrease substance abusers in male’s loneliness and drug craving should be developed, implemented, and help them to recover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Qiu
- General and Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Liang Zhai
- College of Physical Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Gui Ren
- College of Physical Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Chen Q, Zhao W, Li Q, Sagi H. The influence of family therapy on psychological stress and social adaptability of depressed patients. Work 2021; 69:613-624. [PMID: 34120939 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND with the increase of study and life pressure, the number of depressed college students showed an increasing trend year by year, and the drug treatment alone could not achieve a comprehensive recovery of depression patients, so it was more necessary to pay attention to the spiritual treatment. OBJECTIVE this research aimed to better understand the relationship between college students' depression and life events, social support, psychological pressure, and coping style, and the influence of systematic family therapy on depression degree, psychological stress, and social adaptability of college students with depression. METHODS in this study, 105 college students with depression were selected as the research object, and healthy college students were taken as the control group. Through questionnaire, the differences in life events, social support, psychological stress, and coping styles between the groups were compared. The correlation between the degree of depression and various variables were analyzed, and the impact path of each variable on depression was analyzed using the path analysis model. Depression patients were then divided into a conventional group treating with conventional medications and an observation group treating with systematic family interventions. Differences in Hamilton Depression Scale-17, (HAMD-17), CPSS, and Social Adaptive Functioning Evaluation (SAFE) scores were compared and analyzed between the two groups before treatment (T1), during the treatment (T2), and after treatment(T3). RESULTS there were significant differences in scores of life events, social support, psychological stress, and coping styles between the healthy control group and the depressed patients (P < 0.05). There was an obvious correlation between different depression degrees and life events, social support, psychological stress, and coping styles (P < 0.05). Life events, social support, and psychological stress had a direct and significant impact on depression (0.250, 0.218, and 0.392; P < 0.05), and they also had an indirect and significant impact on depression through coping styles (P < 0.05). The systematic family treatment model could significantly reduce HAMD-17 and CPSS scores (P < 0.05), and significantly improve SAFE scores (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS adverse life events, lack of social support, excessive psychological stress, and negative coping styles can aggravate college students' depression. Systematic family therapy can improve the degree of depression, reduce the psychological stress, and enhance the social adaptability of college students with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Chen
- School of Teacher Education, Hefei Normal University, Anhui, China
| | | | - Qun Li
- School of Teacher Education, Hefei Normal University, Anhui, China
| | - Harnof Sagi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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AlAzzam MM, AL-Sagarat AY, Abdel Razeq NM, Alsaraireh FA. Depression and anxiety among school adolescent females: A national study from Jordan. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/01430343211017181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are major mental health concerns among adolescent females within the school community and inflect many implications for psychological service providers in schools. The aims of this descriptive correlational study are to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depression among high school adolescent females in Jordan, and to determine the contributing factors associated with depression and anxiety. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires from a clustered stratified sample of 405 high school females attending public schools in Jordan. Severe levels of depression and anxiety were reported by 25.7% and 21% of high school adolescent females, respectively. Education challenges and having a history of health problems contributed to having higher levels of depression and anxiety among the high school adolescent females. School mental health services regarding adolescent females mental health should be activated and supported through policies and legislation in Jordan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar M. AlAzzam
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
- Mental Health and Community Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Mutah University, Alkarak, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Y. AL-Sagarat
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Mutah University, AL-Karak, Jordan
- Mental Health and Community Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Mutah University, Alkarak, Jordan
| | - Nadin M. Abdel Razeq
- Maternal and Child Health Nursing Department, School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Mental Health and Community Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Mutah University, Alkarak, Jordan
| | - Faris A. Alsaraireh
- Mental Health and Community Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Mutah University, Alkarak, Jordan
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Symptom Checklist-90-Revised: A structural examination in relation to family functioning. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247902. [PMID: 33711019 PMCID: PMC7954339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate assessment of psychopathological behaviours of adolescents and young adults is imperative. Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) is one of the most comprehensive and widely used scales addressing this purpose internationally. Interestingly, associations between the different SCL-90 symptoms and family functioning have been highlighted. Nevertheless, the scale’s factorial structure has often been challenged. To contribute in this area, this study scrutinizes the psychopathological dimensions of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) in a large cohort of high school students (Mean age = 16.16; SD = .911) from Greece. It addresses this aim by: a) using first order and bi-factor confirmatory factor analysis, and exploratory structural equation models and; b) investigating the factors’ associations with family functioning. A total of 2090 public Greek High School students completed the SCL-90-R and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale IV (FACES-IV) covering family functioning, satisfaction and communication. Six different solutions, yielded by separate permutations of CFA, ESEM, and bifactor models, were evaluated. Based on global fit, the clarity, reliabilities and the family functioning links of the dimensions in the models, the ESEM oblique model with the theorized nine factors emerged as the optimum. This model had adequate fit, and symptom dimensions were well defined. Also six of the nine factors demonstrated external associations with family functioning, satisfaction and communication. The clinical assessment benefits of these results are discussed.
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Huang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Liu D. Family function fully mediates the relationship between social support and perinatal depression in rural Southwest China. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:151. [PMID: 33711987 PMCID: PMC7953569 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03155-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal depression is the most common complication of gestation and childbearing affecting women and their families, and good social support and family function are considered protective and modifiable factors. This study aimed to investigate depression status and explore inter-relationships between social support and perinatal depression considering the influence of family function in rural areas of Southwest China. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. The following instruments were used: the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, the APGAR Family Care Index Scale, and the Social Support Rate Scale. A structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesis relationships among the variables. RESULTS A total of 490 rural antenatal (N = 249) and postpartum (N = 241) women (mean age (standard deviation), 28.17 ± 5.12) participated. We found that the prevalence of depression symptoms was 10.4%. Path analysis showed that family function had a direct negative correlation with depression (β = - 0.251, 95%CI: - 0.382 to - 0.118). Social support had a direct positive correlation with family function (β =0.293, 95%CI: 0.147 to 0.434) and had an indirect negative correlation with depression (β = - 0.074, 95%CI: - 0.139 to - 0.032), family function fully mediated the relationship between social support and depression. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study highlight that family function should be considered as the key target for interventions aiming to lower the prevalence of perinatal depression. Family members interventions are critical to reduce depression among antenatal and postpartum women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Huang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Yan Liu
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Yu Wang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Danping Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Iorfino F, Marangoni C, Cui L, Hermens DF, Hickie IB, Merikangas KR. Familial aggregation of anxiety disorder subtypes and anxious temperament in the NIMH Family Study of Affective Spectrum Disorders. J Affect Disord 2021; 281:751-758. [PMID: 33267979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from family and twin studies suggests that mood and anxiety disorders, and related temperamental factors may share common etiologic factors. We examine the familial aggregation and coaggregation of anxiety disorder subtypes and anxiety-related temperamental traits, and their association with mood disorders. METHODS A total of 477 probands and 549 first-degree adult relatives from a large community based family study of affective spectrum disorders completed semi-structured diagnostic interviews and self-reported assessments of temperamental traits including: negative affectivity on the 'Positive and Negative Affect Schedule' (PANAS), neuroticism anxiety on the 'Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire' (ZKPQ), and anxiety sensitivity on the 'Anxiety Sensitivity Index' (ASI). RESULTS The anxiety-related temperamental traits of negative affectivity, neuroticism anxiety and anxiety sensitivity had significant familial specificity, even after controlling for comorbid mood and anxiety disorders in probands and relatives. Yet, these traits in probands did not predict anxiety disorders in relatives. Although some anxiety subtypes were familial, there were no longer familial links between anxiety disorder subtypes (generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety or panic disorder) after controlling for mood disorder subtypes in probands and relatives. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional interviews were used to estimate disorders, and self-report measures were used for temperamental traits. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm previous research regarding familial overlap between anxiety subtypes and mood disorders, however their shared liability cannot be fully explained by anxiety-related temperamental traits. These findings suggest that anxiety-related temperamental traits may indicate a vulnerability for mood and anxiety disorders or a potential consequence of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Iorfino
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Australia.
| | - Ciro Marangoni
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lihong Cui
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel F Hermens
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Australia; Sunshine Coast Mind and Neuroscience Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Kathleen Ries Merikangas
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Vukčević Marković M, Nicović A, Živanović M. Contextual and Psychological Predictors of Militant Extremist Mindset in Youth. Front Psychol 2021; 12:622571. [PMID: 33643150 PMCID: PMC7902909 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.622571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to identify contextual and psychological factors of proneness to radicalization and violent extremism (RVE) operationalized through the Militant Extremist Mindset scale (MEM) consisting of three distinct aspects: Proviolence (PV), Vile World beliefs (VW), and trust in Divine Power (DP). A community sample of 271 high school students (72% females) from Belgrade and Sandžak regions in Serbia completed: (1) a 24-item MEM scale; (2) contextual measures including a 6-item scale of family dysfunction (FDys) and a 4-item composite measure capturing exposure to a harsh school environment and peer abuse (HSE); (3) psychological measures including the 9-item Right-Wing Authoritarianism scale (RWA), the 5-item Social Dominance Orientation scale (SDO), and the 20-item UCLA Loneliness scale (LON). A path analysis was conducted with contextual factors on the first and psychological factors on the second level of the model predicting the three factors of MEM. LON was positively predicted by FDys and HSE, SDO by HSE only, while RWA was positively predicted by FDys only. Contextual and psychological factors accounted for 27% of the variance in PV (LON, SDO), 15% of the variance in VW (FDys, SDO), and 31% of the variance in DP (RWA). Obtained findings reveal a complex interplay of contextual and psychological drivers in the prediction of different aspects of RVE and build upon existing knowledge on risk factors associated with RVE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Vukčević Marković
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Laboratory for the Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- PIN—Psychosocial Innovation Network, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Marko Živanović
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Laboratory for the Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- PIN—Psychosocial Innovation Network, Belgrade, Serbia
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Melguizo-Ibáñez E, Viciana-Garófano V, Zurita-Ortega F, Ubago-Jiménez JL, González-Valero G. Physical Activity Level, Mediterranean Diet Adherence, and Emotional Intelligence as a Function of Family Functioning in Elementary School Students. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 8:6. [PMID: 33374312 PMCID: PMC7823491 DOI: 10.3390/children8010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Family is considered as one of the most important elements for the transmission of healthy habits that improve the lives of students. For this reason, the present study aims to describe the degree of family functionality, emotional intelligence, Mediterranean diet adherence, and extra-curricular physical activity engagement. A further aim is to perform a correlational analysis between these variables. (2) Methods: To this end, an ad hoc questionnaire was used, alongside the APGAR, KIDMED, and Trait Meta Mood Scale (TMMS-24). (3) Results: Finally, the data suggest that a high percentage of students need to improve their diet. Further, students reporting severe family dysfunction showed worse outcomes. Thus, levels of emotional clarity were lower when family functionality was poor. Poor diet quality was also associated with lower emotional attention, with Mediterranean diet adherence being positively related to emotional clarity and repair, as well as normal family functionality. (4) Conclusions: Boys showed higher levels of adherence to the Mediterranean diet adherence, while girls reported higher family functionality. Thus, compliance with the minimum recommendations for physical activity engagement was associated with adequate adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The importance of diet for obtaining an optimal physical condition, adequate emotional state, and family functionality is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José Luis Ubago-Jiménez
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (E.M.-I.); (V.V.-G.); (F.Z.-O.); (G.G.-V.)
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Lacomba-Trejo L, Valero-Moreno S, Montoya-Castilla I, Pérez-Marín M. Psychosocial Factors and Chronic Illness as Predictors for Anxiety and Depression in Adolescence. Front Psychol 2020; 11:568941. [PMID: 33071898 PMCID: PMC7530906 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.568941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a challenging time when emotional difficulties often arise. Self-esteem, good relationships with peers, and emotional competences can buffer the effects of these difficulties. The difficulties can be even greater when coupled with the presence of a chronic physical illness (CD). Our goal is to analyze psychosocial factors and CD as predictors for anxiety and depression. It was compared the results of structural equation models (SEM) with models based on qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to analyze the possible influence of these variables on levels of anxiety-depression in adolescents with and without CD. The sample consisted of 681 adolescents, between 12 and 16 years old (M = 13.94, SD = 1.32). 61.50% were girls and 13.40% (n = 222) presented a CD (mainly pneumo-allergic and endocrine). They were evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Self-esteem Questionnaire, the Emotional Competences Questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The results obtained by SEM show that low self-esteem, problems with peers and low emotional competencies predict anxiety in 41% of the variance and depression in 72%. The results obtained by QCA show that the different combinations of these variables explain between 24 and 61% of low levels of anxiety and depression and 47–55% of high levels. Our data show how the presence of a CD, low self-esteem, problems with peers and problems in emotional skills play a fundamental role in explaining levels of anxiety and depression. These aspects will help provide increased resources for emotional adjustment in the educational context, facilitating the transitions to be made by adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lacomba-Trejo
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Selene Valero-Moreno
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marián Pérez-Marín
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Burden of depression in China, 1990-2017: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2017. J Affect Disord 2020; 268:95-101. [PMID: 32158012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression in China has risen from the 15th leading cause of all-cause disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 1990 to the 10th in 2017. However, the burden of depression and the epidemiological trend in Chinese provinces remain unclear. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and burden of depression among different sexes, ages, disease types and provincial administrative units in China. METHODS Based on a general analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) in 2017, we analyzed the age- sex- and province-specific prevalence and DALYs of depression in China from 1990 to 2017. RESULTS From 1990 to 2017, the all-age prevalence rate of depression per 100,000 rose from 3224.6 (95% UI:2976.6-3509.1) to 3990.5 (95% UI: 3667.8-4353.0), and the DALY rate per 100,000 rose from 525.1 (95% UI: 373.5-719.0) to 607.4 (95% UI: 427.7-820.2). The prevalence rate decreased in the population aged 5-54 years, and increased in the population aged over 55 years. In 2017, the prevalence rate of females (5039.6, 95% UI: 4630.0-5502.8) was significantly higher than that of males (2984.9, 95% UI: 2736.0-3265.3). The prevalence and DALY rate increased in all provinces. However, the age-standardized prevalence and DALYs rate decreased in 31 provinces. CONCLUSIONS Depression has gradually become a major public health issue in China. The government should take measures to prevent the development of depression immediately. Women and the elderly are at high risk for depression.
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