• Causal association
• Coagulation factor
• Mendelian randomization
• Platelet parameter
• Retinal vein occlusion
• Risk

• Humans
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/genetics
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/blood
• Mendelian Randomization Analysis
• Genome-Wide Association Study
• Blood Coagulation/genetics
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
• Risk Factors
• Blood Coagulation Factors/genetics
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease

• BRVO
• CRVO
• RVO
• blood platelet
• eye
• microparticles
• microvesicles
• retina
• retinal vein occlusion
• thrombosis

This study aims to establish a risk prediction model for muscular calf vein thrombosis (MCVT) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).

The research sample consisted of 248 patients with AECOPD and all of them underwent vascular ultrasounds of both lower limbs in this retrospective study. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted on factors with significant group differences to screen for the independent risk factors of MCVT. A nomogram to predict the risk of MCVT was constructed and validated with bootstrap resampling.

According to the exclusion criteria, 240 patients were included for analysis, divided into the MCVT group (n = 81) and the non-MCVT group (n = 159). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that hypertension, elevated MPV, reduced albumin (ALB), elevated D-dimer and bed rest ≥3 days were independent risk factors for MCVT in AECOPD. A nomogram model for predicting AECOPD with MCVT was established based on them. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the prediction model and the simplified Wells score was 0.784 (95% CI: 0.722–0.847) and 0.659 (95% CI: 0.583–0.735), respectively. The cut-off value and Youden index of prediction model were 0.248 and 0.454, respectively. At the same time, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the prediction model were 85.9%, 59.5%, 84.6%, and 77.4%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the simplified Wells score were 67.9% and 56.3%, respectively. Validation by the use of bootstrap resampling revealed optimal discrimination and calibration, and the decision analysis curve (DAC) suggested that this prediction model involved high clinical practicability.

We developed a nomogram that can predict the risk of MCVT for AECOPD patients. This model has the potential to assist clinicians in making treatment recommendations and formulating corresponding prevention measures.

• acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• model
• muscular calf vein thrombosis
• nomogram
• risk factors

• Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province

This study evaluated complete blood count-derived inflammation indices in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Participants in this case–control study were 54 patients with RVO and 54 age- and sex-matched control subjects. All participants underwent a thorough ophthalmic examination, as well as blood sample testing for complete blood count. Comparison of all parameters derived from complete blood count as well as calculation of specific indices was performed between patients with RVO and controls.

Patients with RVO presented significantly higher white blood cell count (p = 0.033), neutrophil count (p = 0.003), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR, p = 0.002), red cell distribution width (RDW, p = 0.009), mean platelet volume (MPV, p = 0.023), and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII, p = 0.007) compared to controls. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that NLR was superior to other inflammatory indices, having the greatest area under the curve. The optimal cutoff value for NLR to predict RVO was 2.29 with 46.2% sensitivity and 77.8% specificity.

Patients with RVO presented increased NLR, RDW, MPV, and SII, providing evidence that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of RVO. Complete blood cell count-derived indices can be easily calculated and may serve as an easy, simple, and cost-effective tool to evaluate the degree of systemic inflammation in patients with RVO, so as to potentially guide treatment.

• Full blood count
• Inflammation
• Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte
• Retinal vein occlusion

• anticoagulation
• antiplatelet agents
• branch retinal vein occlusion
• optical coherence tomography

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a heterogenous disorder in which the formation of a thrombus results in the retinal venous system narrowing and obstructing venous return from the retinal circulation. The pathogenesis of RVO remains uncertain, but it is believed to be multifactorial and to depend on both local and systemic factors, which can be divided into vascular, platelet, and hypercoagulable factors. The vascular factors include dyslipidaemia, high blood pressure, and diabetes mellitus. Regarding the platelet factors, platelet function, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet large cell ratio (PLCR) play key roles in the diagnosis of retinal vein occlusion and should be monitored. Nevertheless, the role of a hypercoagulable state in retinal vein occlusion remains unclear and requires further studies. Therefore, the following article will present the risk factors of RVO associated with coagulation disorders, as well as the acquired and genetic risk factors of thrombophilia. According to Virchow’s triad, all factors mentioned above lead to thrombus formation, which causes pathophysiological changes inside venous vessels in the fundus of the eye, which in turn results in the vessel occlusion. Therefore, a diagnosis of retinal vein occlusion should be based on both eye examination and general examination, including laboratory tests.

• RVO
• haemostasis
• platelets
• retinal vein occlusion
• thrombophilia
• thrombosis

• Humans
• Mean Platelet Volume
• Retinal Vein/pathology
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/blood
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/diagnosis
• Risk Factors

The aim of the present study was to assess platelet activation by analyzing three platelet activation parameters in ocular Behçet's disease (BD): mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT).

Twenty-nine patients with active ocular BD (Group 1), 40 patients with inactive ocular BD (Group 2), and 40 healthy adult individuals serving as controls (Group 3) were evaluated. All of the individuals had been performed the complete ophthalmologic evaluation. The levels of MPV, PDW, and PCT were measured in each group.

The mean MPV level was 8.40 ± 0.97 in Group 1, 8.32 ± 1.04 in Group 2, and 7.77 ± 0.72 in Group 3. The mean PDW level was 15.12 ± 1.09 in Group 1, 14.97 ± 1.02 in Group 2, and 14.52 ± 0.82 in Group 3. The mean PCT level was 0.23 ± 0.07 in Group 1, 0.21 ± 0.04 in Group 2, and 0.18 ± 0.03 in Group 3. MPV, PDW, and PCT levels were significantly higher in ocular BD patients than controls (P < 0.05).

Platelet activation may affect vascular occlusion in ocular Behçet's patients with posterior segment involvement. This result may be important in evaluating ocular BD patients.

• Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW), Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR)
• Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NA-AION)
• derived NLR (dNLR)

To investigate platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in retinal vein occlusion (RVO) patients.

In this study, we retrospectively reviewed data of 32 patients with RVO (RVO group) and 32 age- and sex-matched participants without RVO (control group) between January 2017 and March 2019. The PLR was determined by dividing the platelet count by the lymphocyte count.

Age and gender were comparable between the groups (p = 0.204 and p = 0.800, respectively). PLR was significantly elevated in the RVO group compared with the control group (137 (113–164) vs 101 (86–129), p = 0.001)). In the receiver operator characteristics curve analysis, the optimal cut-off value of PLR for predicting RVO was 123, with 69% sensitivity and 72% specificity.

We report that PLR are elevated in RVO, suggesting that PLR may be a useful marker for RVO.

• inflammation
• platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio
• retinal vein occlusion
• thrombus

• Mean Platelet Volume (MPV)
• Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)
• Retinal vein occlusion
• complete blood cell count indices
• meta-analysis

The aim of this study is to study subclinical platelet activation by detecting three important platelet activation parameters of mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in comparison to those in healthy control subjects.

This prospective study included 43 patients with BRVO (Group 1) and 40 control subjects (Group 2). The levels of MPV, PDW, and PCT were measured in both of the studied groups.

The mean serum level of MPV value was 7.64 ± 0.64 in Group 1 and 7.39 ± 0.42 in Group 2. Mean serum level of PDW was 15.01 ± 1.56 in Group 1 and 14.43 ± 1.03 in Group 2. Mean serum PCT value was 0.19 ± 0.05 in Group 1 and 0.16 ± 0.04 in Group 2. MPV, PDW, and PCT levels were significantly increased in BRVO patients (P < 0.05).

Subclinical platelet activation reflected by MPV, PDW, and PCT may have an impact on the genesis of vessel occlusion in BRVO. The results may be important for the clinical management of patients with BRVO.

• Branch retinal vein occlusion
• mean platelet volume
• plateletcrit
• platelet distribution width
• platelet parameters
• retina,

• Aged
• Case-Control Studies
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Mean Platelet Volume/statistics & numerical data
• Middle Aged
• Platelet Activation/physiology
• Platelet Count/statistics & numerical data
• Prospective Studies
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/epidemiology
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/etiology

• Case-Control Studies
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Hypertension/blood
• Hypertension/complications
• Hypertension/diagnosis
• Male
• Mean Platelet Volume/methods
• Middle Aged
• Platelet Count
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/blood
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/diagnosis
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/etiology
• Retinal Vessels/pathology
• Retrospective Studies
• Slit Lamp Microscopy
• Visual Acuity

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are two major sight-threatening diseases which may lead to neovascular glaucoma (NVG). The aim of this study was to explore the association between platelet parameters and NVG.

A total of 185 subjects were enrolled for the study from January, 2012 to December, 2015 at the Eye-ENT Hospital of Fudan University. Patients include those with NVG secondary to RVO (RVO group, n = 38), patients with NVG secondary to DR (DR group, n = 47), diabetics mellitus without retinopathy (DM group, n = 52), and healthy individuals (control group, n = 48). A complete ophthalmological examination including visual field examination, A-scan ultrasound, Fundus photography, and measurement of platelet parameters were performed for NVG subjects.

There was no statistical difference in the mean age and gender among the RVO, DR, and control groups (p>0.05). The mean level of platelet distribution width (PDW) was higher (p<0.001) in the RVO group (15.16±2.13fl) and DR group (16.17±1.66fl) when compared with the control group (13.77±2.99fl). The mean plateletcrit (PCT) value of the RVO group (0.229±0.063%) was also higher (p = 0.049) than the control group (0.199±0.045). In the DR group, mean platelet volume (MPV) value (10.72±1.57fl) was significantly higher (p = 0.002) than the control group (9.75±0.89fl). A similar trend was observed when platelet parameters were compared among the 3 groups with respect to age. The mean level of PDW was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the DR group (16.17±1.66fl) compared with the DM group (13.80±3.32fl). Stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that PDW (OR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.149–1.805, p = 0.002) and MPV (OR = 1.503, 95%CI = 1.031–2.192, p = 0.034) were associated with the DR group, PDW (OR = 1.207, 95%CI = 1.010–1.443, p = 0.039) and PCT (OR = 1.663, 95%CI = 1.870–2.654, p = 0.036) were associated with the RVO group.

Our results suggest that increased PDW and MPV are associated with the NVG secondary to DR group, elevated PDW and PCT are associated with the RVO group. It indicates that platelets might be an important factor in the onset and/or development of NVG.

• Adult
• Aged
• Biomarkers/blood
• Blood Platelets/pathology
• Case-Control Studies
• China
• Diabetic Retinopathy/complications
• Diabetic Retinopathy/diagnosis
• Diabetic Retinopathy/pathology
• Female
• Glaucoma, Neovascular/diagnosis
• Glaucoma, Neovascular/etiology
• Glaucoma, Neovascular/pathology
• Humans
• Logistic Models
• Male
• Mean Platelet Volume
• Middle Aged
• Platelet Count
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/complications
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/diagnosis
• Retinal Vein Occlusion/pathology
• Retrospective Studies

To evaluate the mean platelet volume (MPV) and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Thirty patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO group) and 27 age and sex matched subjects (control group) were included in the study. MPV and NLR parameters obtained from peripheral blood were recorded.

The mean age was 62.6 ± 12.3 years in BRVO and 63.5 ± 8.2 years in control group. The BRVO group consisted of 13 males and 17 females and the control group included 12 male and 15 female subjects. The mean MPV values were 8.64 ± 2.01 fL in BRVO group and 8.5 ± 1.26 fL in control group. NLR was 2.24 ± 0.79 and 1.89 ± 0.64 in BRVO and control groups respectively. The difference between two groups in terms of MPV and NLR was not statistically significant.

MPV and NLR were found to be not affected in branch retinal vein occlusion patients.

• Mean platelet volume
• Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio
• Retinal vein occlusion

Prognostic value of haematological indices, especially red cell distribution width, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume, was reported with numerous investigations in miscellaneous cardiovascular settings. Their major prognostic value was linked to oxidative stress and inflammation since their level was correlated with major inflammatory markers such as high sensitive C-reactive protein and interleukins. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are also postulated as the main pathophysiologic mechanism of essential hypertension (HT) and its vascular complication. Recently, correlation between HT and haematological parameters was searched in numerous studies, which has made the topic more popular. Herein, we reveal the correlation between haematological indices and HT and we also demonstrate the clinical implication of this correlation. Impaired haematological parameters may strongly indicate hypertensive end-organ damage.

• Hypertension
• Inflammation
• End-organ damage
• Haematological indice
• Platelet activation