• adipokines
• adipose tissue
• cytokines
• inflammation
• obesity

• Humans
• Female
• Biomarkers/blood
• Male
• Adult
• Adipokines/blood
• Adipokines/metabolism
• Adipose Tissue/metabolism
• Obesity/blood
• Obesity/metabolism
• Cytokines/blood
• Cytokines/metabolism
• Middle Aged
• Interleukin-6/blood
• C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
• Resistin/blood
• Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/blood
• Adiponectin/blood

• Rosa canina
• hypertrophic adipocytes
• inflammation
• lipid accumulation
• oxidative stress

• Animals
• Rosa/chemistry
• Mice
• 3T3-L1 Cells
• Plant Extracts/pharmacology
• Adipocytes/drug effects
• Adipocytes/metabolism
• Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
• Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
• Inflammation/metabolism
• Inflammation/drug therapy
• Oxidative Stress/drug effects
• Adipogenesis/drug effects
• Fruit/chemistry
• PPAR gamma/metabolism
• Obesity/metabolism
• Hypertrophy
• Anti-Obesity Agents/pharmacology
• Adipokines/metabolism

• MINIATURA-5" no 2021/05/X/NZ9/00624. National Science Centre, Poland

• ADMSCs
• IL-6
• adipose tissue
• cytokines
• metabolic syndrome
• stem cells

• Humans
• Adipocytes/metabolism
• Cytokines/metabolism
• Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
• Obesity, Morbid/metabolism
• Obesity, Morbid/pathology
• Male
• Female
• Adult
• Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism
• Metabolic Syndrome/pathology
• Middle Aged
• Cell Differentiation
• Cells, Cultured
• Adipose Tissue/metabolism
• Adipose Tissue/cytology
• Biomarkers/metabolism

• 2016/23/D/NZ3/01660) National Science Center
• B.SUB.23.319 Medical University of Białystok
• B.SUB.24.394 Medical University of Białystok
• B.SUB.24.401 Medical University of Białystok

• adipose tissue
• clinical implication
• extracellular vesicles
• inter-organ communication
• obesity

• Humans
• Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism
• Obesity/metabolism
• Obesity/pathology
• Adipose Tissue/metabolism
• Animals
• Adipocytes/metabolism
• Adipokines/metabolism

• high-fat diet
• insulin resistance
• lipid profile
• type 2 diabetes mellitus

• Humans
• Insulin Resistance
• Animals
• Lipids/blood
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
• Disease Models, Animal
• Signal Transduction/drug effects

• Alzheimer's disease
• adipokines
• adipose tissue
• amyloid
• inflammation
• tau
• vascular

• Humans
• Alzheimer Disease/metabolism
• Adipokines
• Brain/metabolism
• Adipose Tissue/physiology
• Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism

• AARG-22-928219 Alzheimer's Association

• adipose tissue
• appetite
• glucose
• homeostasis
• lipid

• Adipose tissue
• Biomarkers
• Diabetes
• Inflammation
• Obesity pathophysiology

• drug-disease interaction
• drugs
• drugs action
• drugs disposition
• inflammation

• folic acid
• inflammatory markers
• meta-analysis
• metabolic syndrome
• randomized controlled trials

• Folic Acid/administration & dosage
• Metabolic Syndrome/drug therapy
• Humans
• Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
• Biomarkers/blood
• C-Reactive Protein/analysis
• Interleukin-6/blood
• Inflammation
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
• Dietary Supplements

Diet and social determinants influence the state of human health. In older adults, the presence of social, physical and psychological barriers increases the probability of deprivation. This study investigated the relationship between social deprivation and eating habits in non-institutionalized older adults from Southern Italy, and identified foods and dietary habits associated with social deprivation.

We recruited 1,002 subjects, mean age 74 years, from the large population based Salus in Apulia Study. In this cross-sectional study, eating habits and the level of deprivation were assessed with FFQ and DiPCare-Q, respectively.

Deprived subjects (n = 441) included slightly more females, who were slightly older and with a lower level of education. They consumed less fish (23 vs. 26 g), fruiting vegetables (87 vs. 102 g), nuts (6 vs. 9 g) and less “ready to eat” dishes (29 vs. 33 g). A Random Forest (RF) model was used to identify a dietary pattern associated with social deprivation. This pattern included an increased consumption of low-fat dairy products and white meat, and a decreased consumption of wine, leafy vegetables, seafood/shellfish, processed meat, red meat, dairy products, and eggs.

The present study showed that social factors also define diet and eating habits. Subjects with higher levels of deprivation consume cheaper and more readily available food.

• diet
• dietary pattern
• older
• population study
• social deprivation

Dietary behaviour is a core element in diabetes self-management. There are no remarkable differences between nutritional guidelines for people with type 2 diabetes and healthy eating recommendations for the general public. This study aimed to evaluate dietary differences between subjects with and without diabetes and to describe any emerging dietary patterns characterizing diabetic subjects. In this cross-sectional study conducted on older adults from Southern Italy, eating habits in the “Diabetic” and “Not Diabetic” groups were assessed with FFQ, and dietary patterns were derived using an unsupervised learning algorithm: principal component analysis. Diabetic subjects (n = 187) were more likely to be male, slightly older, and with a slightly lower level of education than subjects without diabetes. The diet of diabetic subjects reflected a high-frequency intake of dairy products, eggs, vegetables and greens, fresh fruit and nuts, and olive oil. On the other hand, the consumption of sweets and sugary foods was reduced compared to non-diabetics (23.74 ± 35.81 vs. 16.52 ± 22.87; 11.08 ± 21.85 vs. 7.22 ± 15.96). The subjects without diabetes had a higher consumption of red meat, processed meat, ready-to-eat dishes, alcoholic drinks, and lower vegetable consumption. The present study demonstrated that, in areas around the Mediterranean Sea, older subjects with diabetes had a healthier diet than their non-diabetic counterparts.

• Aged
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
• Feeding Behavior
• Female
• Humans
• Italy/epidemiology
• Male
• Unsupervised Machine Learning

• adipose tissue
• chronic kidney disease
• weight loss

• R01 DK129259 NIDDK NIH HHS
• T32 DK007135 NIDDK NIH HHS

Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) have increased cardiovascular risk. Capsaicin (CAP) has been shown to reduce lipids, but efficacy for patients with MetS is unknown.

A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines, to compare the effects of CAP against a placebo. Differences in the weight mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were then pooled using a random effects model.

Nine randomized controlled trials including 461 patients were identified in the overall analysis. CAP significantly decreased total cholesterol (TC) (WMD = −0.48, 95% CI: −0.63 to −0.34, I²= 0.00%) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD = −0.23, 95% CI: −0.45 to −0.02, I² = 68.27%) among patients with MetS. No significant effects of CAP were found on triglycerides (TG) or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (WMD = −0.40, 95% CI: −1.50 to 0.71, I² = 98.32%; WMD = −0.08, 95% CI: −0.21 to 0.04, I² = 86.06%). Subgroup analyses indicated that sex and intervention period were sources of heterogeneity. The results revealed that CAP decreased TG levels in women (WMD = −0.59, 95% CI: −1.07 to −0.10) and intervention period <12 weeks (WMD = −0.65; 95% CI: −1.10 to −0.20). And there was no potential publication bias according to funnel plot, Begg' test and Egger regression test.

CAP supplementation is a promising approach to decreasing TC and LCL-C levels in patients with MetS. However, short-term (<12 weeks) use of CAP in women may also reduce TG levels.

Identifier: CRD42021228032.

The obesity epidemic has become a serious public health problem in many countries worldwide. Seaweed has few calories and is rich in active nutritional components necessary for health promotion and disease prevention. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the Campylaephora hypnaeoides J. Agardh (C. hypnaeoides), an edible seaweed traditionally eaten in Japan, on high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity and related metabolic diseases in mice.

Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the following groups: normal diet group, HF diet group, HF diet supplemented with 2% C. hypnaeoides, and HF diet supplemented with 6% C. hypnaeoides. After 13 weeks of treatment, the weight of the white adipose tissue and liver, and the serum levels of glucose, insulin, adipokines, and lipids were measured. Hepatic levels of adipokines, oxidant markers, and antioxidant markers were also determined. Insulin resistance was assessed by a glucose tolerance test. Polysaccharides of C. hypnaeoides were purified and their molecular weight was determined by high-performance seize exclusion chromatography. The anti-inflammatory effects of purified polysaccharides were evaluated in RAW264.7 cells.

Treatment of HF diet-induced obese mice with C. hypnaeoides for 13 weeks suppressed the increase in body weight and white adipose tissue weight. It also ameliorated insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hepatic steatosis, and hypercholesterolemia. The ingestion of an HF diet increased serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), while it decreased serum adiponectin levels. In the liver, an HF diet markedly increased the MDA, TNF-α, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, while it decreased glutathione and superoxide dismutase. These metabolic changes induced by HF diet feeding were ameliorated by dietary C. hypnaeoides. Purified polysaccharides and ethanol extract from C. hypnaeoides inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced overproduction of nitric oxide and TNF-α in macrophage RAW264.7 cells.

The present results indicated that C. hypnaeoides was able to alleviate HF diet-induced metabolic disorders, including obesity, hyperglycemia, hepatic steatosis, and hypercholesterolemia by attenuating inflammation and improving the antioxidant capacity in mice. Polysaccharides and polyphenols may be involved in these beneficial effects of C. hypnaeoides.

• Campylaephora hypnaeoides J. Agardh
• Diabetes
• Hepatic steatosis
• Inflammation
• Obesity
• Oxidative stress
• Polysaccharide
• Seaweed

• IL-10
• adipose
• macrophages
• men
• obesity
• sex-specific
• women

• Male
• Humans
• Female
• Interleukin-10/metabolism
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
• Obesity/metabolism
• Adipose Tissue/metabolism
• Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism

• Vetenskapsrådet
• Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research
• Karolinska Institutet

• HIV
• adipocytes
• body composition
• lipodystrophy
• metabolic syndrome

• Diabetes
• Inflammation
• Obesity
• WNT pathway

• council of scientific and industrial research, india

Introduction: Oral methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, not all RA patients respond to MTX. In this study, we will determine the risk factors associated with MTX failure.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Data of 612 patients who were diagnosed with RA from June 2019 to January 2021 were retrieved from the medical record room. After inclusion, patients were divided into two groups; respondent and non-respondent. Their characteristics and demographics were compared.

Results: Out of the total 612 patients, 112 (18.3%) were labelled as non-respondent to MTX. Non-respondents had a higher predominance of females (86.6% vs. 60.2%; p-value: 0.001), participants with body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m² (54.4% vs. 22.4%; p-value: <0.00001), smokers (34.8% vs. 18.2%; p-value: 0.0001), participants with diabetes (47.3% vs. 23.4%; p-value: <0.0001) and rheumatoid factor positivity (91.0% vs. 64.8%; p-value: <0.0001).

Conclusion: Female gender, higher BMI, smoking, higher disease activity, and diabetes were associated with MTX failure. These easily available parameters can help predict the disease process and outcome of treatment. It is important to screen patients who are at risk of MTX failure, so a contingent treatment plan can be devised, in case patients do not respond to MTX.

• autoimmune
• methotrexate
• ra
• rheumatoid arthritis
• rheumatoid factor

• mesenchymal stem cells
• cytokines
• stem cells
• insulin signalling
• metabolomics

• Adipocytes/metabolism
• Adipose Tissue/metabolism
• Animals
• Blood Glucose/metabolism
• Cells, Cultured
• Cytokines/metabolism
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/prevention & control
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/therapy
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/prevention & control
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
• Female
• Glucose Transporter Type 4/metabolism
• Homeostasis
• Humans
• Insulin/metabolism
• Macrophages/metabolism
• Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
• Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology
• Models, Biological
• Obesity/complications
• Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
• Placenta/cytology
• Pregnancy
• Protein Transport
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
• Rats
• Signal Transduction

• Indian Council of Medical Research

A decrease in ovarian estrogens in postmenopausal women increases the risk of weight gain, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and chronic inflammation. While it is known that gut microbiota regulates energy homeostasis, it is unclear if gut microbiota is associated with estradiol regulation of metabolism. In this study, we tested if estradiol-mediated protection from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and metabolic changes are associated with longitudinal alterations in gut microbiota in female mice. Ovariectomized adult mice with vehicle or estradiol (E2) implants were fed chow for two weeks and HFD for four weeks. As reported previously, E2 increased energy expenditure, physical activity, insulin sensitivity, and whole-body glucose turnover. Interestingly, E2 decreased the tight junction protein occludin, suggesting E2 affects gut epithelial integrity. Moreover, E2 increased Akkermansia and decreased Erysipleotrichaceae and Streptococcaceae. Furthermore, Coprobacillus and Lactococcus were positively correlated, while Akkermansia was negatively correlated, with body weight and fat mass. These results suggest that changes in gut epithelial barrier and specific gut microbiota contribute to E2-mediated protection against diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysregulation. These findings provide support for the gut microbiota as a therapeutic target for treating estrogen-dependent metabolic disorders in women.

• Akkermansia
• diabetes
• estrogens
• gut microbiome
• gut permeability/integrity
• insulin sensitivity

• DK61935 NIDDK NIH HHS
• 5U24DK076169-13 NIDDK NIH HHS
• 5U2C-DK093000 NIDDK NIH HHS

• bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)
• chronic lung disease
• intrauterine growth restriction
• lung development and pulmonary diseases
• maternal obesity
• perinatal nutrition

• estrogen
• isoflavones
• menopause
• microbiota
• obesity
• probiotics
• short-chain fatty acids

• Animals
• Bifidobacterium longum/metabolism
• Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism
• Feces/microbiology
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects
• Humans
• Isoflavones/pharmacology
• Lactobacillus plantarum/metabolism
• Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
• Menopause/metabolism
• Metabolic Diseases/diet therapy
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Obesity/diet therapy
• Ovariectomy/methods
• Probiotics/pharmacology

• No. 31972052, 32021005, 31820103010 the National Natural Science Foundation of China
• JUSRP22006, JUSRP51501 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
• JUFSTR20180102 the national first-class discipline program of Food Science and Technology
• none the Program of Collaborative Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province

• cytochrome P450
• inflammatory markers
• phenoconversion
• type 2 diabetes

• Animals
• Chronic Disease
• Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/enzymology
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
• Humans
• Inflammation/enzymology
• Inflammation/pathology
• Insulin/metabolism
• Models, Biological

The prevalence of obesity continues to rise worldwide despite evidence-based public health recommendations. The promise to adopt a healthy lifestyle is increasingly important for tackling this global epidemic. Calorie restriction or regular exercise or a combination of the two is accepted as an effective strategy in preventing or treating obesity. Furthermore, the benefits conferred by regular exercise to overcome obesity are attributed not only to reduced adiposity or reduced levels of circulating lipids but also to the proteins, peptides, enzymes, and metabolites that are released from contracting skeletal muscle or other organs. The secretion of these molecules called cytokines in response to exercise induces browning of white adipose tissue by increasing the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes within the white adipose tissue, suggesting that exercise-induced cytokines may play a significant role in preventing obesity. In this review, we present research-based evidence supporting the effects of exercise and various diet interventions on preventing obesity and adipose tissue health. We also discuss the interplay between adipose tissue and the cytokines secreted from skeletal muscle and other organs that are known to affect adipose tissue and metabolism.

• adipose tissue
• cytokines
• diet
• exercise
• obesity

• Adipose Tissue/metabolism
• Cytokines/blood
• Diet/methods
• Exercise/physiology
• Humans
• Obesity/blood
• Obesity/prevention & control

Currently bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for significant and sustained weight loss. Erectile and endothelial dysfunctions may share some metabolic and vascular pathways in common that may be influenced by weight loss.

The aim of the study was to assess the impact of surgically induced weight loss on the erectile function on obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). We also aimed to examine the proposed underlying mechanism associated with improvement in erectile function after weight loss by LSG.

Eighty-two consecutive obese men who underwent a LGS were followed up for 12 months. All operations were performed by the same surgeon at a single institution.

Patients were examined both before and after 12 months of LSG for biochemical tests; total serum cholesterol, triglyceride, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and for erectile function tests. International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scores were recorded.

Eighty-two men (mean age 39 ± 14.6 years, range 24–62; mean BMI 41.2 ± 4.8 kg/m²) completed all preoperative and postoperative questionnaires and biochemical tests. At 12 months, the mean weight loss was 34.8 kg and the mean BMI decrease was 8.6 kg/m². Preoperative and postoperative IIEF scores of the 65 sexually active patients showed significant improvement in erectile function (21.2 ± 5.7 vs 26.5 ± 4.5; P = .02). Seventeen (20.7%) men were not sexually active preoperatively; only 5 became sexually active postoperatively. Men had a significant decrease in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Nitric oxide synthase activity showed a significant increase (P < .02). In addition, our patients showed a statistically significant decrease in interleukin-6 levels and C-reactive protein compared with preoperative period (P < .03 and P < .01, respectively).

A significant improvement of erectile function was documented among obese young men undergoing LGS. This improvement was documented both clinically by improvement in IIEF score postoperatively and biochemically.

A Fahmy, H Abdeldaiem, M Abdelsattar, et al. Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Sexual Dysfunction in Obese Men. Sex Med 2021;9:100322.

• Bariatric Surgery
• Erectile Dysfunction
• Men
• Obese

Interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokines act through a receptor complex with gp130 subunits. IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates inflammation and liver regeneration. Mitochondria are the first to respond to stress and adapt their dynamics in conditions of damage. In this regard, the study aimed to investigate the role of the IL-6 cytokine family (sIL-6Ra, gp130/sIL-6Rb, and IL-11) in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics in the liver in obese patients and to assess the contribution of these cytokines to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We studied 134 obese patients with and without T2DM and 41 healthy donors. We found that increasing the concentration of sIL-6Ra and gp130/sIL-6Rb protected against carbohydrate disorders in obese patients and prevented non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression in obese patients. An increase in plasma IL-6 levels is associated with decreased, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) protein production in liver biopsies in obese patients with and without T2DM. Replication, transcription, and division processes in liver biopsy were reduced in patients with T2DM. Inflammatory processes stimulate liver cell apoptosis in obese patients with T2DM. The increase in IL-11 levels is associated with decreased pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) protein production in obese patients with and without T2DM.

• IL-11
• IL-6
• NAFLD
• T2DM
• gp130/sIL-6Rb
• mitochondria
• obesity
• sIL-6Ra

• NASH
• atherosclerosis
• diabetes
• exercise
• lifestyle
• liver
• metabolic syndrome
• nutrition

The prevalences of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and vitamin D deficiency are increasing dramatically worldwide. MetS is a major challenge because it can increase the risk of most non-communicable diseases. The beneficial effect of vitamin D on MetS components remains controversial, so the present review focused on the clinical effects of vitamin D supplementation on MetS components. Vitamin D can inhibit the protein expression of nuclear factor beta; improve arterial stiffness; decrease renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity, parathyroid hormone levels, inflammatory cytokines, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, and lanosterol 14 α-demethylase enzyme activity; increase the activity of lipoprotein lipase; alter gene expression in C2C12 cells; and improve phospholipid metabolism and mitochondrial oxidation. We tried to elucidate and analyze almost all evidence from randomized controlled trial studies of the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in patients with MetS. The findings of the present study reported beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation on mentioned factors. Vitamin D supplementation is recommended in people with vitamin D deficiency even if it has no considerable effect on most MetS factors. However, existing data from interventional studies are insufficient to reach a definitive conclusion about the effect of vitamin D supplementation on MetS components in patients without vitamin D deficiency. Thus, new clinical studies are needed to test the hypothesis that vitamin D supplementation could alleviate MetS components in patients with sufficient intake of vitamin D.

• Hypertension
• Metabolic syndrome
• Obesity
• Vitamin D

• adipokines
• adipose tissue
• cancer metabolism
• cancer relapse
• cytokines
• extra cellular vesicles
• extracellular matrix
• metastasis
• obesity
• tumor progression

• C/18/9 National Children's Research Centre

• anemia
• iron deficiency
• leukocytosis
• thrombocytosis
• venous thromboembolism

High-fat diet consumption and lack of physical activity are important risk factors for metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. Insulin resistance is a state of a weakened response of tissues such as skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and liver to insulin, which causes an increase in blood glucose levels. This condition is the result of inhibition of the intracellular insulin signaling pathway. Skeletal muscle is an important insulin-sensitive tissue that accounts for about 80% of insulin-dependent glucose uptake. Although the exact mechanism by which insulin resistance is induced has not been thoroughly understood, it is known that insulin resistance is most commonly associated with obesity. Therefore, it is believed that lipids may play an important role in inducing insulin resistance. Among lipids, researchers’ attention is mainly focused on biologically active lipids: diacylglycerols (DAG) and ceramides. These lipids are able to regulate the activity of intracellular enzymes, including those involved in insulin signaling. Available data indicate that physical activity affects lipid metabolism and has a positive effect on insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscles. In this review, we have presented the current state of knowledge about the impact of physical activity on insulin resistance and metabolism of biologically active lipids.

• insulin resistance
• lipid metabolism
• physical activity
• skeletal muscle
• type 2 diabetes

The study aimed to provide evidence on the impact of indoor cycling (IC) in reducing cardiometabolic risk factors. The study compares the effects of a 3 month IC program involving three 55 min sessions per week on women aged 40–60 years, with obesity (OW, n = 18) vs. women with normal body weight (NW, n = 8). At baseline and at the end of the study, anthropometric parameters, oxygen uptake (VO₂ peak), and serum parameters: glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), insulin, human anti-oxidized low-density lipoprotein antibody (OLAb), total blood antioxidant capacity (TAC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA IR) were determined. Before the intervention, VO₂ peak and HDL-C levels were significantly lower and levels of TG, LAP, insulin, HOMA-IR, and CRP were significantly higher in the OW group compared to those in the NW group. After the intervention, only the OW group saw a decrease in body mass, total cholesterol, OLAb, TBARS, and CRP concentration and an increase in total body skeletal muscle mass and HDL-C concentration. In response to the IC training, measured indicators in the OW group were seen to approach the recommended values, but all between-group differences remained significant. Our results demonstrate that IC shows promise for reducing cardiometabolic risk factors, especially dyslipidemia. After 12 weeks of regular IC, the metabolic function of the OW group adapted in many aspects to be more like that of the NW group.

• cardiovascular diseases risk factors
• high-intensity interval training
• indoor cycling
• obesity

• Air pollution
• Covid-19 lethality
• Immune system
• Main text
• Obesity

• Air Pollution
• Animals
• Betacoronavirus
• COVID-19
• Coronavirus Infections
• Humans
• Italy
• Mice
• Obesity
• Pandemics
• Pneumonia, Viral
• SARS-CoV-2

Obesity and bronchial asthma are very common diseases in children and adolescents, associated with a considerable burden of disease, reduced quality of life and comorbidities. Obesity is a significant risk factor for bronchial asthma. On the one hand, obesity leads to changes in the mechanics and function of the lungs and chest. On the other hand, obesity-associated inflammatory processes with increased production of leptin and cytokines may trigger bronchial inflammation with the appearance of asthmatic symptoms. The diseases are also linked by genetic factors. Physical activity and weight reduction have a significant benefit. Pharmacotherapy must be based on the pattern of inflammation. This article summarizes the current state of the literature on the association of asthma and obesity and presents current and possible future treatment options.

• asthma therapy
• comorbidities
• inflammation
• lung function
• quality of life

Controversy remains despite several studies have discussed the role of bariatric surgery in improving male’s sexual function. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of bariatric surgery in promoting male’s erectile function.

PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI and Clinical Trails.gov were searched from database inception to May 2019. The language of publication was limited in English. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score and Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory (BSFI) score were set as the primary outcome.

Eleven studies with a total of 370 patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The results showed significant improvement in the IIEF score (erectile function: MD = 5.33, 95% CI 4.12–6.54; intercourse satisfaction: MD = 2.57, 95% CI 1.19–3.94; orgasmic function: MD = 0.50, 95%CI 0.60–0.94; overall satisfaction: MD = 1.67, 95% CI 0.78–2.56; sexual desire: MD = 1.27, 95% CI 0.61–1.93; total erectile function: MD = 7.21, 95% CI 4.33–10.10) and the BSFI score (erection: MD =2.53, 95% CI 2.39–2.67; ejaculation: MD = 1.40, 95% CI 1.28–1.51; desire: MD =1.40, 95% CI 1.32–1.49; problem assessment: MD = 2.20, 95% CI 2.06–2.34; sexual satisfaction: MD = 0.70, 95% CI 0.60–0.76) in obese individuals after bariatric surgery.

This systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that bariatric surgery could be effective in promoting males’s sexual function for obese individuals.

• Bariatric surgery
• Erectile function
• Meta-analysis
• Obesity
• Sex hormone
• Sexual function

• FOXA1
• IL6
• STAT3
• breast cancer
• estrogen receptor
• metastasis
• mouse intraductal xenograft model
• pioneer factor

• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/pharmacology
• Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Breast Neoplasms/genetics
• Breast Neoplasms/pathology
• Enhancer Elements, Genetic/genetics
• Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics
• Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism
• Female
• Fulvestrant/pharmacology
• Gene Expression Profiling/methods
• Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
• Humans
• Interleukin-6/genetics
• Interleukin-6/metabolism
• Kaplan-Meier Estimate
• MCF-7 Cells
• Mice, Inbred NOD
• Mice, Knockout
• Mice, SCID
• Neoplasm Metastasis
• STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics
• STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
• Signal Transduction/genetics
• Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays/methods

• Wellcome Trust
• 20411 Cancer Research UK
• A20411 Cancer Research UK
• 108467/Z/15/Z Wellcome Trust