Association between thrombomodulin and high mobility group box 1 in sepsis patients

Table 1 Demographic characteristics

	Case group (n = 20)	Controls (n = 20)
	mean ± SD	mean ± SD	P value
Age (yr)	58.10 ± 16.08	39.40 ± 12.15	< 0.0011
Weight (kg)	58.40 ± 11.01	69.40 ± 12.50	0.0051
BMI (kg/m2)	23.30 ± 2.50	26.38 ± 3.67	0.0041
Gender n (%)			0.3272
Women	11 (55)	14 (70)
Men	9 (45)	6 (30)

¹Represent t test.

²Represent χ².

Table 2 Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores among sepsis patients (cases)

System	Points ± SD
Overall mean score	9.6 ± 4.8
Respiratory function	2.1 ± 1.28
Scoring in the coagulation system	1.1 ± 1.56
Scoring in circulatory function	2.7 ± 1.63
Liver function score	0.1 ± 0.22
Neurological function	1.61 ± 0.85
Renal function	2.3 ± 1.87

Table 3 Levels of thrombomodulin, high mobility group box 1, thrombomodulin/high mobility group box 1 ratio and international normalized ratio value

	Cases (n = 20)
	INR ≤ 1.2 (n = 13)	INR > 1.2 (n = 7)	P value1
HMGB1 (pg/mL)	300.28 ± 133.21	261.81 ± 133.21	0.431
TM (pg/mL)	46.67 ± 26.71	64.77 ± 38.33	0.875
T/H	0.19 ± 0.15	0.28 ± 0.18	0.257

¹Represent t test. INR: International normalized ratio; HMGB1: High mobility group box 1; TM: Thrombomodulin; T/H: Thrombomodulin/high mobility group box 1.

Table 4 Levels of thrombomodulin, high mobility group box 1, thrombomodulin/high mobility group box 1 ratio and the presence of sepsis-induced coagulopathy

	Cases (n = 20)
	With SIC (n = 8)	Without SIC (n = 12)	P value1
HMGB1 (pg/mL)	264.04 ± 84.01	309.22 ± 138.97	0.422
TM (pg/mL)	74.78 ± 28.95	38.44 ± 24.56	0.0072
T/H	0.32 ± 0.16	0.16 ± 0.13	0.0343

¹Represent t test.

²Power for comparing two means (PCTM) > 80%.

³PCTM < 80%. TM: Thrombomodulin; HMGB1: High mobility group box 1; T/H: Thrombomodulin/high mobility group box 1 ratio; SIC: Sepsis-induced coagulopathy.

Table 5 Association between levels of thrombomodulin, high mobility group box 1 and the thrombomodulin/high mobility group box 1 ratio and renal replacement therapy

	RRT (case group, n = 20)
	Yes (n = 10)	No (n = 10)	P value1
HMGB1 (pg/mL)	236.00 ± 84.00	346.90 ± 130.10	0.0262
TM (pg/mL)	75.37 ± 27.49	34.60 ± 22.58	0.0023
T/H	0.38 ± 0.14	0.11 ± 0.09	< 0.0013

¹Represent t test.

²Power for comparing two means (PCTM) > 80%.

³PCTM < 80%. TM: Thrombomodulin; HMGB1: High mobility group box 1; T/H: Thrombomodulin ratio/high mobility group box 1; RRT: Renal replacement therapy.