Transcystic laparoscopic common bile duct stone clearance facilitated by intraoperative fluoroscopy guided cholangiography: A case report

Table 1 Comparison of studies with transcystic approach for choledocholithiasis

Ref.	Sample size	Success rate (clearance), %	Biliary morbidity, %	Key findings
Fugazzola et al[8], 2024. Retrospective case series	18	88.90	0	Used SpyGlass™ Discover; mean LOS was 3 days; no major complications
Abdelkader et al[16], 2025. Retrospective case series	38	100	0	Single-stage laparoscopy assisted transcystic CBD clearance to be highly cost-effective
Zheng et al[17], 2024. Systematic Review	5518	95.40	1.3 vs 6.1	Laparoscopy assisted transcystic approach had significantly shorter operative times and shorter hospital stays than laparoscopy assisted CBD clearance
Feng et al[18], 2016. Meta-analysis	2782	88.90	1.30	Biliary morbidity was 1.3% for transcystic vs 6.1% for choledochotomy
Chan et al[19], 2014. Retrospective cohort study	215	96.30	6.0 (overall)	High success in both elective and emergency settings; conversion rate was only 5.1%

CBD: Common bile duct; LOS: Length of stay.