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Alzubaidi RT, Abdelkareem M, Al-Zoubi RM, Al-Qudimat AR, Yasin A, Kamkoum H, Al-Ansari AA. Outcomes and management of Peyronie's disease with combined treatment of collagenase clostridium histolyticum, vacuum erection device, and tadalafil. Asian J Androl 2025:00129336-990000000-00314. [PMID: 40314553 DOI: 10.4103/aja202514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2025] [Indexed: 05/03/2025] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Peyronie's disease (PD) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by abnormal collagen deposition in the tunica albuginea, leading to penile curvature, pain, and erectile dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of a combined treatment protocol incorporating collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH), vacuum erection device, and tadalafil. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 99 male patients with PD treated at the Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation (Doha, Qatar) between January 2018 and January 2020. Patients received 4-8 CCH injections alongside vacuum therapy and daily tadalafil (5 mg). The baseline mean penile curvature of 49.0° improved by an average of 21.4% post-treatment. Erectile function scores also increased significantly, with a mean improvement of 2.3 points on the International Index of Erectile Function. Minor complications were observed in 15 patients, while 13 were dissatisfied with treatment, with six opting for surgery. The modified protocol demonstrated significant improvements in penile curvature and erectile function with minimal complications, offering a safe, cost-effective alternative to traditional intensive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raidh Talib Alzubaidi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology/Andrology, Aisha Bint Hamad Al Attiyah Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Abdelkareem
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology/Andrology, Aisha Bint Hamad Al Attiyah Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Raed M Al-Zoubi
- Surgical Research Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, QU-Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmad R Al-Qudimat
- Surgical Research Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, QU-Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Aksam Yasin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology/Andrology, Aisha Bint Hamad Al Attiyah Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Dresden International University, Center of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Hatem Kamkoum
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology/Andrology, Aisha Bint Hamad Al Attiyah Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Abdullah A Al-Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology/Andrology, Aisha Bint Hamad Al Attiyah Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar
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Dell’Atti L, Slyusar V, Ronchi P, Cambise C. Vacuum Erection Device Plus Once-Daily Tadalafil Improve Clinical Outcomes after Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Men Affected by Erectile Dysfunction Associated with Peyronie's Disease. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:1162. [PMID: 39337945 PMCID: PMC11432888 DOI: 10.3390/life14091162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to examine the combination of the mechanical effects of penile therapy with vacuum erection devices (VEDs) plus PDE5i, which improve clinical outcomes after extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in men affected by erectile dysfunction (ED) associated with Peyronie's disease (PD). METHODS A total of 153 medical records of patients affected by PD in stable stage with ED and treated with ESWT were divided into two groups. Group A (GA) included 72 men treated with ESWT, mechanical stretching with VEDs and PDE5ì (Tadalafil 5 mg), and Group B (GB) included 81 men who received only ESWT plus Tadalafil 5 mg with the same protocol of GA. The patients in both groups were assessed at baseline and follow-up for erectile function, painful erections, penile plaque size, and penile curvature. The results were evaluated at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months after the treatments. RESULTS Three months after the treatment, GA patients had a reduction in penile curvature degree from a mean ± SD of 33.91 ± 8.34° at baseline to a mean ± SD of 19.46 ± 7.15° after 12 months, whereas pain in an erection or during intercourse was resolved completely in 88.9% of the patients. The mean ± SD IIEF-15 score of patients affected by severe/moderate ED further improved significantly in the GA group (p < 0.001) after 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment. There were no permanent adverse sequelae after treatments. CONCLUSIONS The regular use of a VED plus Tadalafil in patients who had undergone ESWT significantly provided more benefit in patients with PD in terms of penile deformity, pain, and erectile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Dell’Atti
- Department of Urology, University-Hospital of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Viktoria Slyusar
- Pain Therapy Center, Division of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University-Hospital of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Piero Ronchi
- Department of Urology, University-Hospital of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Chiara Cambise
- Department of Emergency, University-Hospital Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Roma, Italy
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Douroumis K, Kotrotsios K, Katsikatsos P, Moulavasilis N, Fragkiadis E, Mitropoulos D, Adamakis I. Acute Phase Peyronie's Disease: Where Do We Stand? Cureus 2024; 16:e67054. [PMID: 39286663 PMCID: PMC11403542 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.67054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Peyronie's disease (PD) is a common benign condition characterized by superficial fibrosis and scar formation at the tunica albuginea of the penis, eventually leading to penile curvature. It is believed that penile micro-traumas during intercourse and subsequent activation of inflammatory processes constitute the pathogenetic basis of the disease. Routinely, PD is divided into acute and chronic phases, with pain during erection or flaccid state being the hallmark of the former. Surgical intervention should be avoided during the acute phase, as the risk of recurrence or progression of penile deformity during this stage might affect the optimal outcomes of the procedure. During this stage, many conservative treatment options have been suggested, including oral, topical, and intralesional therapies, extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), and penile traction therapy (PTT). Currently, the optimal treatment consists of a combined treatment strategy with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is), ESWT for pain management, PTT, and intralesional therapies. Large, well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are necessary to further elucidate the most efficient treatment option for acute phase PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Evangelos Fragkiadis
- Department of Urology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | | | - Ioannis Adamakis
- Department of Urology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
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Karakose A, Yitgin Y. A new alternative approach to management of acute phase Peyronie's disease: low intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy and platelet-rich plasma. Minerva Urol Nephrol 2024; 76:367-372. [PMID: 38093617 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6051.23.05458-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of the combination of low ıntensity external shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy in acute phase Peyronie's disease (PD). METHODS The datas of patients admitted with acute phase Peyronie's between January 2014 and January 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. In total, we included total 159 patients who used combination of vitamin E 600 mg/day plus colchicine 1.5 mg/day plus oral daily 5 mg tadalafil (N.=77) in group 1 and received Li-ESWT+PRP combination therapy plus oral daily 5 mg tadalafil (N.=82) in group 2. We noted characteristics of fibrous plaques, pain status, penile curvature degree, and erectile function parameters. All patients were visited at the 3rd and 12th months after the treatment. RESULTS Preoperative demographic characteristics were similar in the two groups. There was a statistically significant improvement in the mean plaque size, penile curvature degree, IIEF-5 and VAS scores in the intervention group after the treatment. Ecchymosis and hematoma were not observed at the injection site and Li-ESWT application areas in the intervention group. No local or systemic drug reactions were noted in either group. CONCLUSIONS Combination of Li-ESWT and PRP are highly effective and safety to early treatment in the acute phase PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayhan Karakose
- Depatment of Urology, Istinye Universtiy Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yasin Yitgin
- Depatment of Urology, Istinye Universtiy Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye -
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Spirito L, Manfredi C, La Rocca R, Napolitano L, Di Girolamo A, Capece M, Trama F, Sciorio C, Sokolakis I, Creta M, Arcaniolo D. Daily low-dose tadalafil may reduce the penile curvature progression rate in patients with acute Peyronie's disease: a retrospective comparative analysis. Int J Impot Res 2024; 36:129-134. [PMID: 36513814 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-022-00651-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients in acute phase of Peyronie's disease (PD) treated with daily low-dose of Tadalafil. An observational retrospective study involving patients in acute phase of PD with erectile dysfunction (ED) was designed. All subjects were offered Tadalafil 5 mg one tablet a day. Men who accepted treatment were compared to patients who refused Tadalafil. Penile curvature progression was chosen as the primary outcome. PD Questionnaire (PDQ) and IIEF-5 scores were selected as secondary outcomes. A total of 191 patients were included in the study (108 intervention vs. 83 control). Penile curvature progression rate was significantly lower in subjects taking Tadalafil at 12 weeks (25.9% vs. 39.7%, p = 0.042). Mean IIEF-5 score improved in the intervention group, becoming significantly higher compared to the observation group at 12 weeks (19.3 vs. 11.2 points, p < 0.001). Mean PDQ-Overall and PDQ-Penile Pain scores only improved in the intervention group and the statistically significant differences at baseline between groups became not statistically significant at 12 weeks (p = 0.001 vs. p = 0.232 and p < 0.001 vs. p = 0.078, respectively). Daily low-dose Tadalafil in patients with acute phase of PD seems to significantly reduce the penile curvature progression rate compared to observation, especially when it is administrated early. It also appears to improve erectile function and PD-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Spirito
- Unit of Urology, Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Celeste Manfredi
- Unit of Urology, Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto La Rocca
- Unit of Urology, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences, and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Unit of Urology, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences, and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Marco Capece
- Unit of Urology, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences, and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Trama
- Andrological and Urogynecological Clinic, Santa Maria Terni Hospital, University of Perugia, Terni, Italy
| | | | - Ioannis Sokolakis
- Department of Urology, 'Martha-Maria' Hospital Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Massimiliano Creta
- Unit of Urology, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences, and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Arcaniolo
- Unit of Urology, Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Capogrosso P, Pozzi E, Russo GI, Hatzichristodoulou G, Cocci A, Falcone M, Martinez-Salamanca JI, Fernández-Pascual E, Candela L, Schifano N, Dehò F, Salonia A. Patients' attitude with surgery for Peyronie's disease: results from a multicentric European study. J Sex Med 2023; 21:54-58. [PMID: 37973410 DOI: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdad145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the existence of conservative therapies for Peyronie's disease (PD), surgery is commonly utilized for the treatment of bothersome curvatures due to its potential effectiveness, although it carries intrinsic risks and may not universally lead to satisfactory outcomes. AIM To explore the rate and factors influencing patients' willingness to undergo surgery for PD. METHODS Data were prospectively collected in 5 European academic centers between 2016 and 2020. Data included age, time from PD onset, penile pain, curvature degree, difficulty at penetration, hourglass deformity, erectile dysfunction (ED), and previous treatments. All patients were offered conservative treatments, either medications or injections. Tunical shortening or lengthening procedures were offered as an alternative to conservative treatments, when indicated. Penile prosthesis was offered to those with concomitant ED. Patients' attitudes with surgery were recorded. Logistic regression analyses tested the profile of patients who were more likely to be willing to undergo surgery. OUTCOMES Patients' willingness to undergo surgery for PD. RESULTS This study included 343 patients with a median age of 57.3 years (IQR, 49.8-63.6) and a median penile curvature of 40.0° (IQR, 30.0°-65.0°). Overall, 161 (47%) experienced penetration difficulties and 134 (39%) reported ED. Additionally, hourglass deformity and penile shortening were reported by 48 (14%) and 157 (46%), respectively. As for previous treatments, 128 (37%) received tadalafil once daily; 54 (16%) and 44 (13%), intraplaque verapamil and collagenase injections; and 30 (9%), low-intensity shock wave therapy. Significant curvature reduction (≥20°) was observed in 69 (20%) cases. Only 126 (37%) patients were open to surgery for PD when suggested. At logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounders, younger age (odds ratio [OR], 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-1.00; P = .02), more severe curvatures (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.03-1.06; P < .0001), and difficulty in penetration (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.04-3.41; P = .03) were associated with a greater attitude to consider surgical treatment. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The need for effective nonsurgical treatments for PD is crucial, as is comprehensive patient counseling regarding surgical risks and benefits, particularly to younger males with severe curvatures. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS Main limitations are the cross-sectional design and the potential neglect of confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Patients with PD, having a lower inclination toward surgery, emphasize the need for effective nonsurgical alternatives and accurate counseling on the risks and benefits of PD surgery, particularly for younger men with severe curvatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Capogrosso
- Department of Urology, Circolo & Fondazione Macchi Hospital-ASST Sette Laghi, Varese 28001, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pozzi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20151, Italy
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan 20151, Italy
| | - Giorgio I Russo
- Urology Section, Department of Surgery, University of Catania, Catania 95100, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Cocci
- Department of Urology, University of Florence, Careggi Hospital, Florence 50100, Italy
| | - Marco Falcone
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin 10024, Italy
| | | | | | - Luigi Candela
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20151, Italy
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan 20151, Italy
| | - Nicolò Schifano
- Department of Urology, Circolo & Fondazione Macchi Hospital-ASST Sette Laghi, Varese 28001, Italy
| | - Federico Dehò
- Department of Urology, Circolo & Fondazione Macchi Hospital-ASST Sette Laghi, Varese 28001, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20151, Italy
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan 20151, Italy
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7
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Hayat S, Brunckhorst O, Alnajjar HM, Cakir OO, Muneer A, Ahmed K. A systematic review of non-surgical management in Peyronie's disease. Int J Impot Res 2023; 35:523-532. [PMID: 36289392 PMCID: PMC10499596 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-022-00633-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of many non-surgical treatments for Peyronie's disease is unclear. This systematic review aims to critically assess the currently available options and provide a recommendation for treatment based on this. A systematic literature search utilising the Medline (Pubmed), Embase, global health and Cochrane library databases was conducted up to May 2021. All randomised controlled trials assessing non-surgical treatment modalities for Peyronie's Disease were included. Individual study risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane tool and GRADE was used to assess evidence strength. Outcome measures were the change in penile curvature (degrees), plaque size (volume or size), International Index of Erectile Function score, pain scores and change in penile length. Prospero registration number: CRD42017064618. Amongst the 5549 articles identified, 41 studies (42 reports) were included. Seven different oral treatment options including vitamin E supplementation showed evidence for improving outcomes such as penile curvature and plaque size. Of the intralesional treatments, Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum showed evidence for improving penile curvature (Range: 16.3-17 degrees, moderate level certainty of evidence). Intralesional Interferon demonstrated some improvement in curvature (Range: 12-13.5 degrees), plaque size (Range: 1.67-2.2 cm2) and pain, whilst intralesional calcium channel blockers such as Verapamil showed variable evidence for changes in the plaque size and pain. Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy consistently demonstrated evidence for improving penile pain in stable disease, and two mechanical traction devices improved curvature. Iontophoresis, topical medications, and combination therapies did not demonstrate any consistent improvements in outcome measures. Intralesional options demonstrate the best potential. Overall, results varied with few high-quality randomised trials present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman Hayat
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Brunckhorst
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hussain M Alnajjar
- Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Onur Omer Cakir
- Department of Urology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Asif Muneer
- Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Male Genital Cancer Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kamran Ahmed
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom.
- Department of Urology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Cellek S, Megson M, Ilg MM, Ralph DJ. A combination of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor and tamoxifen for acute Peyronie's disease: the first clinical signals. J Sex Med 2023; 20:1057-1059. [PMID: 37524687 DOI: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Selim Cellek
- Fibrosis Research Group, Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Megson
- Fibrosis Research Group, Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
- Urology Department, University College London Hospital, London W1G 8PH, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus M Ilg
- Fibrosis Research Group, Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
| | - David J Ralph
- Fibrosis Research Group, Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
- Urology Department, University College London Hospital, London W1G 8PH, United Kingdom
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Rosenberg JE, Ergun O, Hwang EC, Risk MC, Jung JH, Edwards ME, Blair Y, Dahm P. Non-surgical therapies for Peyronie's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 7:CD012206. [PMID: 37490423 PMCID: PMC10351344 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012206.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peyronie's disease is a condition that results in the development of penile plaques that can lead to penile curvature, pain, and erectile dysfunction, making sexual activity difficult. A number of non-surgical interventions exist to improve this condition, which include topical and injection agents as well as mechanical methods; however, their effectiveness remains uncertain. We performed this review to determine the effects of these non-surgical treatments. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of non-surgical therapies compared to placebo or no treatment in individuals with Peyronie's disease. SEARCH METHODS We performed a comprehensive search using multiple databases (the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science), trials registries, other sources of grey literature, and conference proceedings, up to 23 September 2022. We applied no restrictions on publication language or status. SELECTION CRITERIA We included trials in which men with Peyronie's disease were randomized to undergo non-surgical therapies versus placebo or no treatment for penile curvature and sexual function. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two of four review authors, working in pairs, independently classified studies and abstracted data from the included studies. Primary outcomes were: patient-reported ability to have intercourse, quality of life, and treatment-related adverse effects. Secondary outcomes were: degree of penile curvature, discontinuation from treatment (for any reason), subjective patient-reported change in penile curvature, and improvement in penile pain. We performed statistical analyses using a random-effects model. We rated the certainty of evidence (CoE) according to the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS Our search identified 1288 relevant references of which we included 18 records corresponding to 14 unique randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 1810 men. These informed 10 distinct comparisons with relevant outcome data that were mostly extracted from single trials. In this abstract, we focus only on the most clinically relevant comparisons for the three primary outcomes and also include the outcome of degree penile curvature. Injectional collagenase (short-term): We found no short-term evidence on injectional collagenase for patients' self-reported ability to have intercourse and treatment-related adverse effects compared to placebo injection. Injectional collagenase may result in little to no difference in quality of life (scale 0 to 20 with lower scores indicating better quality of life; mean difference (MD) 1.8 lower, 95% confidence interval (CI) -3.58 to -0.02; 1 study, 134 participants; low CoE) and there may be little to no effect on the degree of penile curvature (MD 10.90 degrees less, 95% CI -16.24 to -5.56; 1 study, 136 participants; low CoE). Injectional collagenase (long-term): We also found no long-term evidence on injectional collagenase for patients' self-reported ability to have intercourse compared to placebo injection. It likely results in little to no effect on quality of life (MD 1.00 lower, 95% CI -1.60 to -0.40; 1 study, 612 participants; moderate CoE). Treatment-related adverse effects are likely increased (risk ratio (RR) 2.32, 95% CI 1.98 to 2.72; 1 study, 832 participants; moderate CoE). Injectional collagenase likely results in little to no change in the degree of penile curvature (MD 6.90 degrees less, 95% CI -9.64 to -4.14; 1 study, 612 participants; moderate CoE). Injectional verapamil (short-term): We are very uncertain how injectional verapamil may affect patients' self-reported ability to have intercourse compared to placebo injection short-term (RR 7.00, 95% CI 0.43 to 114.70; 1 study, 14 participants; very low CoE). We found no evidence for the outcome of quality of life. We are very uncertain how injectional verapamil may affect treatment-related adverse effects (RR not estimable; 1 study, 14 participants; very low CoE). Similarly, we are very uncertain how injectional verapamil may affect degree of penile curvature (MD -1.86, 95% CI -10.39 to 6.67; 1 study, 14 participants; very low CoE). We found no long-term data for any outcome. Extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT) (short-term): We are very uncertain how ESWT affects patients' self-reported ability to have intercourse short-term (RR 1.60, 95% CI 0.71 to 3.60; 1 study, 26 participants; very low CoE). ESWT may result in little to no difference in quality of life (MD 3.10, 95% CI 1.57 to 4.64; 2 studies, 130 participants; low CoE). We are very uncertain if ESWT has an effect on treatment-related adverse effects (RR 2.73, 95% CI 0.74 to 10.14; 3 studies, 166 participants; very low CoE). ESWT may result in little to no difference in the degree of penile curvature compared to placebo (RR -2.84, 95% -7.35 to 1.67; 3 studies, 166 participants; low CoE). We found no long-term data for any outcome. Penile traction therapy (short-term): We found no evidence for whether penile traction compared to no treatment affects patients' self-reported ability to have intercourse. We are very uncertain how traction therapy may affect quality of life (MD 1.50 lower, 95% CI -3.42 to 0.42; 1 study, 90 participants; very low CoE). We are also very uncertain how traction therapy may affect treatment-related adverse effects (RR not estimable; 1 study, 90 participants; very low CoE) and how it affects the degree of curvature (MD 7.40 degrees less, 95% CI -11.18 to -3.62; 1 study, 89 participants; very low CoE). We found no long-term data for any outcome. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is little evidence supporting the effectiveness of most non-surgical treatments for Peyronie's disease. Existing trials are mostly of poor methodological quality and/or fail to address patient-centered outcomes. Injectional collagenase appears to have some effectiveness; however, many individuals may not experience the improvement as clinically relevant, and this comes with the risk of increased adverse events. There is a critical need for better non-surgical treatment options for men with Peyronie's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel E Rosenberg
- Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Onuralp Ergun
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Urology Section, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Eu Chang Hwang
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea, South
| | - Michael C Risk
- Urology Section, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jae Hung Jung
- Department of Urology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea, South
- Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, South
| | - Mary E Edwards
- University of Florida Health Science Center Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Yooni Blair
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Philipp Dahm
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Urology Section, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Feyisetan O. Peyronie's Disease: A Brief Overview. Cureus 2023; 15:e37037. [PMID: 37143639 PMCID: PMC10153789 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Peyronie's disease is an acquired connective tissue disease of the tunica albuginea of the penis which usually presents with penile curvature/deformity and a palpable penile plaque. It is more common in Caucasian men over the fifth decade of life, but it is an under-reported disease. Conservative and non-surgical options are supported by limited evidence except for intralesional injection of collagenase clostridium histolyticum and have limited success. The improved outcome of surgical treatment is accompanied by the risk of erectile dysfunction. This is a brief overview of Peyronie's disease, its impact on the patient, and the available treatment options.
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11
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Chen Y, Chang HC, Huang WJ, Wang CJ, Hwang TIS, Liao CH, Liu CC, Pang ST, Huang EYH, Tsao CW, Chen KC, Liu SP, Huang CY, Hsieh CH, Jiann BP. Consensus of Experts on the Treatment of Sexual Dysfunction after Surgery for Prostate Cancer in Taiwan. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12030740. [PMID: 36769388 PMCID: PMC9917785 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the Taiwan Cancer Report, in 2018, prostate cancer was one of the top five cancers reported in men. Each year, many patients with prostate cancer undergo radical prostatectomy (RP) therapy. One of the most common RP complications is erectile dysfunction (ED). Although consensus guidelines for the management of sexual dysfunction after prostate cancer surgery have been developed for many Western and Asian countries, no such clinical practice guidelines have been developed for Taiwan. The consensus opinions expressed in this article were discussed by numerous experienced physicians in Taiwan, based on both existing international guidelines and their individual experiences with clinical trials and providing advice to clinical physicians on how to inform patients of the risk of ED prior to surgery. This review also discusses how recovery and rehabilitation may be affected by socioeconomic status, the existence of an intimate relationship, comorbidities, or the need for cancer adjuvant therapy and how to determine rehabilitation goals and provide appropriate treatments to assist in the recovery of both short- and long-term sexual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Chiang Chang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
| | - William J. Huang
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chii-Jye Wang
- Department of Urology, E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82446, Taiwan
| | - Thomas I-Sheng Hwang
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Shin Kong Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 111045, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hou Liao
- Department of Urology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 362, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chu Liu
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - See-Tong Pang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Eric Yi-Hsiu Huang
- Urology Division, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City 112, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Tsao
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chiang Chen
- Cathay General Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yuan Huang
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsing Hsieh
- Division of Urology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital Taipei Branch, School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu-Chi University, Hualien City 970, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Ping Jiann
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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12
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Calace FP, Napolitano L, Langella NA, Barone B, Trama F. Peyronie's disease: where are we at? J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 34:1-4. [PMID: 36351265 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2022-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco P Calace
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Biagio Barone
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Trama
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Science, Andrological and Urogynecological Clinic, Santa Maria Terni Hospital, University of Perugia, Terni, Italy
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13
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Chung E, Bailey W, Wang J. A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Clinical Trial Using a Second-Generation Duolith SD1 Low-Intensity Shockwave Machine in Males with Vascular Erectile Dysfunction. World J Mens Health 2023; 41:94-100. [PMID: 35021310 PMCID: PMC9826910 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical efficacy and patient satisfaction rates of low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy LIESWT) in men with vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) using Duolith SD1 machine. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial included 60 men who were randomly assigned to LIESWT (n=30, active group) or placebo (n=30) over 6 weeks. Patient demographics, change in International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-5, Erection Hardness Score (EHS) and Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS) scores, and an overall satisfaction score (on a 5-point scale), were recorded. All patients were reviewed at 1, 3, and 6 months after completion of therapy. RESULTS There were 21 (70%) patients in the LIESWT group and 3 (10%) patients in the placebo group who had a 5-point or greater increase in IIEF-5 score (p=0.018). At 6-month study period, the mean IIEF-5 score was 18.8 (standard deviation [SD], 3.8) in the LIESWT group versus 14.8 (SD, 3.6) in the placebo group, difference in means between groups was 4.0 (95% confidence interval, 2.1-5.9; p<0.001). The EHS scores were higher in the LIESWT group with a mean of greater than 1.2 across the 1, 3, and 6 months compared to the placebo group (p<0.05). All patients completed the treatment study and there was no adverse event reported in terms of penile pain, bruising or deformity. There was a positive correlation between men who reported improvement in EF and treatment satisfaction level with LiESWT (p=0.008). CONCLUSIONS LIESWT improves erectile function in the short-term especially in men with mild to moderate ED, and those without a cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chung
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,AndroUrology Centre, St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - William Bailey
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Juan Wang
- AndroUrology Centre, St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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14
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Piraino J, Chaudhary H, Ames K, Okoye F, Sterling M, Clavell-Hernandez J, Levine L, Ziegelmann MJ. A Consistent Lack of Consistency in Defining the Acute and Chronic Phases of Peyronie's Disease: A Review of the Contemporary Literature. Sex Med Rev 2022; 10:698-713. [PMID: 37051957 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment recommendations for Peyronie's Disease (PD) differ based on whether a patient is in the acute/active versus chronic/stable phase of the disease, yet there are no agreed upon criteria for defining these clinical entities. OBJECTIVES To review the criteria used to define acute and chronic phase PD in modern PD intervention studies. METHODS We performed a search engine review to identify indexed publications for PD intervention studies and review articles / meta-analyses from the year 2011-2020. Outcomes results were catalogued and summarized across articles. As a result of the substantial heterogeneity of outcome measures and follow-up intervals, meta-analytic techniques were not applied to the data analysis. RESULTS We identified a total of 104 studies that met inclusion criteria and had available information for review (n = 79 primary intervention studies; n = 25 review articles/meta-analyses/guidelines). Among the queried studies, we were unable to identify a consensus with respect to the criteria used to define acute and chronic phases of PD. 33% of primary intervention studies did not specifically define their criteria for acute and chronic phase PD, despite referencing these populations as part of the inclusion criteria in many instances. Studies used heterogenous criteria including total symptom duration, duration of "stable" symptoms, and presence/absence of pain. CONCLUSION Due to varying definitions across the literature, we were unable to create a standardized definition of acute and chronic phase Peyronie's in terms of time. Our findings emphasize the need for greater consensus in defining the treatment cohorts with future studies that assess treatment for men with PD.
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15
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Topcuoglu M, Çakan M. Effects of long term sildenafil on the acute phase of Peyronie’s disease in a combination treatment. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2022; 94:319-322. [DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2022.3.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the addition of 50 mg daily sildenafil to pentoxifylline-colchicine combination ther-apy on the Peyronie's plaque features in patients with the acute phase of Peyronie's disease (PD). Methods: In this retrospective and non-randomized clinical study, patients were divided into 2 groups as group 1; (n = 107) who received colchicine and pentoxyfillin plus 50 mg daily oral sildenafil, and as group 2; (n = 79) who received only colchicine and pentoxyfillin. Patients were compared in terms of degree of curvature, pain in erection and erectile function at the baseline and at 6-month follow up. Pain in erection and erectile func-tion were evaluated by visual Analogue Scale (EF-VAS), and the shortened version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5). Improvement in the degree of curvature and change in EF-VAS scores were primary endpoints of the study. Change in IIEF-5 score was the secondary endpoint of the study.
Results: The two groups were statistically similar in terms of demographics and baseline features of PD. A statistically signifi-cant reduction in degree of curvature and EF-VAS scores was shown in group 1 compared to group 2.There was also a signifi-cantly higher IIEF-5 score in group 1 compared to group 2. No significant side effects were detected in both groups during treatment period.Conclusions: Adding sildenafil to pentoxifylline-colchicine com-bination treatment seems to improve PD related symptoms in the acute phase PD. PDE5i may contribute to relieve the Peyronie's symptoms in ED patients through their antifibrotic effects.
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16
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Assessment of Conservative Combination Therapies for Active and Stable Peyronie's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Urol Focus 2022; 8:1520-1530. [PMID: 34924336 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT In patients with Peyronie's disease (PD), oral, injected, or topical agents provide limited efficacy. In this setting, combination of two or more conservative treatments may improve symptoms further. OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of available conservative combination therapies for active and stable PD through a systematic review and meta-analysis. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We searched multiple databases and sources of gray literature until June 2021. We included randomized or observational comparative studies assessing any conservative combination therapies for PD. We undertook a random-effect meta-analysis when at least two studies employed the same treatment modality (PROSPERO: CRD42021224517). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Overall, 13 studies on active PD and ten on stable PD (1962 participants) were included. Most included studies raised methodological concerns. In patients with active or stable PD, the available evidence is inconclusive to support the use of any combination treatment modality, such as intralesional verapamil injections, antioxidants, and other oral, injected, or topical agents. Based on data availability, we performed a meta-analysis to compare the effect of collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) plus adjunctive mechanical therapies (penile traction or vacuum pump) versus CCH monotherapy on penile curvature and length in patients with stable PD. CCH and adjunctive mechanical therapies resulted in an additional decrease of 0.3° in penile curvature (95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.97 to 4.49, I2 = 0%) and in an increase of 0.5 cm in penile length (95% CI: -0.32 to 1.4, I2 = 70%) compared with CCH monotherapy. CONCLUSIONS The available combination treatment modalities, including the addition of adjunctive mechanical therapies to CCH, do not improve symptoms further compared with monotherapy and should not be implemented in patients with active or stable PD. Further high-quality randomized trials combining only recommended treatments are mandatory. PATIENT SUMMARY Despite the interest in and optimism for combination treatment modalities, the road to an effective conservative therapy for Peyronie's disease still seems long.
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17
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Moisés da Silva GV, Dávila FJ, Rosito TE, Martins FE. Global Perspective on the Management of Peyronie's Disease. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2022; 4:863844. [PMID: 36303674 PMCID: PMC9580779 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2022.863844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Peyronie's disease is the disease that results in an alteration in the curvature of the penis, which can lead to a shortening of length, pain in erection, or difficulties in penetration, thus leading the patient to psychological alterations due to loss of functionality such as aesthetic alteration. That is why there are several studies to define the best form of treatment, which currently continues to be the first choice surgical treatment. Objective We present the most recommended therapies for Peyronie's disease and suggest an algorithm as a guide to direct therapy. Methods We used the PubMed platform to review the literature related to Peyronie's disease. Various editorials were reviewed as well as original articles and reviews focusing on the various treatments as well as their indications and results. Results Peyronie's disease in which conservative or drug treatment does not have a response, surgical treatment with corporoplasty, penile prosthesis implantation or both may be indicated. Corporoplasty refers to both the plication of the tunica albuginea as well as the incision of the tunica with the placement of a graft. An accurate history should always be carried out to identify erectile dysfunction as well as to be able to guide you on the repercussions of the treatment. If refractory erectile dysfunction is present, placement of a penile prosthesis with or without further adjunctive straightening maneuvers is recommended. We reviewed the indications, advantages, disadvantages, and results of the available techniques, and proposed a surgical treatment algorithm. Conclusion Penile shortening procedures are usually indicated in curvatures <60°, in penises with adequate length. Partial excision/incision and grafting are indicated for curvatures >60°, hourglass or hinge deformities, and short penises, if the patient's erectile function is adequate. The presence of “borderline” erectile function and/or ventral curvature tilts the choice toward shortening procedures, and refractory erectile dysfunction is an indication for penile prosthesis placement. An accurate risk/benefit assessment of the individual patient as well as meticulous patient counseling are critically important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Veber Moisés da Silva
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Gabriel Veber Moisés da Silva
| | - Francisco Javier Dávila
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tiago Elias Rosito
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Francisco E. Martins
- Department of Urology, University of Lisbon, School of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitario Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
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18
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Chen PY, Cheng JH, Wu ZS, Chuang YC. New Frontiers of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Medicine in Urology from Bench to Clinical Studies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:675. [PMID: 35327477 PMCID: PMC8945448 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A shock wave (SW), which carries energy and propagates through a medium, is a type of continuous transmitted sonic wave that can achieve rapid energy transformations. SWs have been applied for many fields of medical science in various treatment settings. In urology, high-energy extracorporeal SWs have been used to disintegrate urolithiasis for 30 years. However, at lower energy levels, SWs enhance the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), chemoattractant factors, and the recruitment of progenitor cells, and inhibit inflammatory molecules. Low energy extracorporeal shock wave (LESW) therapy has been used in urology for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), overactive bladder, stress urinary incontinence, and erectile dysfunction through the mechanisms of anti-inflammation, neovascularization, and tissue regeneration. Additionally, LESW have been proven to temporarily increase tissue permeability and facilitate intravesical botulinum toxin delivery for treating overactive bladders in animal studies and in a human clinical trial. LESW assisted drug delivery was also suggested to have a synergistic effect in combination with cisplatin to improve the anti-cancer effect for treating urothelial cancer in an in vitro and in vivo study. LESW assisted drug delivery in uro-oncology is an interesting suggestion, but no comprehensive clinical trials have been conducted as of yet. Taken together, LESW is a promising method for the treatment of various diseases in urology. However, further investigation with a large scale of clinical studies is necessary to confirm the real role of LESW in clinical use. This article provides information on the basics of SW physics, mechanisms of action on biological systems, and new frontiers of SW medicine in urology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yen Chen
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-S.W.)
- Center for Shock Wave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Human Sexuality, Shu-Te University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Hong Cheng
- Center for Shock Wave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Division of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Leisure and Sports Management, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Zong-Sheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-S.W.)
- Center for Shock Wave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
| | - Yao-Chi Chuang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-S.W.)
- Center for Shock Wave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
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19
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Dekalo S, Brock GB. Shock Wave Therapy for Peyronie's Disease—Learning From the Past and Looking Into the Future. J Sex Med 2022; 19:404-407. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Chung E, Yafi FA. Pharmacotherapy in Peyronie's disease: a state-of-the-art review on established contemporary and emerging drugs. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2022; 23:1035-1042. [PMID: 35209789 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2043274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current clinical guidelines on Peyronie's disease (PD) advocate non-surgical treatment options as the first-line therapy despite inconsistent clinical outcomes when compared to definitive penile reconstructive surgery. AREAS COVERED This article examines the current understanding of established contemporary and emerging pharmacotherapies for PD. Emphasis has been placed on published clinical studies on drugs in the last 10 years. EXPERT OPINION Published studies have shown that combination therapy is likely more effective than monotherapy. Combined treatment modalities involving various oral and/or intralesional pharmacotherapies together with mechanical devices or clinical psychosexual therapy may provide additional or synergistic benefits for PD patients. A multidisciplinary approach coupled with more novel targets for pharmacological intervention could deliver a more effective treatment paradigm to prevent or at least delay the need for definitive penile reconstructive surgery. Drugs targeting the inhibition of TGF-β1 pathway and myofibroblast transformation are of great interest and studies into next-generation genetic sequencing and transcriptional biomarker regulatory pathways in PD will provide useful insights into the pathophysiology of PD, and assist the development of future regenerative technology including cellular-based therapies to target various anti-fibrotic molecular mechanisms and the potential to be integrated into existing treatment armamentarium for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chung
- AndroUrology Centre, Brisbane Qld and Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Urology, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Urology, Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Faysal A Yafi
- Department of Urology, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
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21
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Mykoniatis I, Pyrgidis N, Zilotis F, Kapoteli P, Fournaraki A, Kalyvianakis D, Hatzichristou D. The Effect of Combination Treatment with Low-Intensity Shockwave Therapy and Tadalafil on Mild and Mild-To-Moderate Erectile Dysfunction: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Sex Med 2022; 19:106-115. [PMID: 34866029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination of different first-line treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach. AIM To conduct the first double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST) and tadalafil vs LiST and placebo in patients with mild or mild-to-moderate vasculogenic ED. METHODS Fifty sexually active patients fulfilling the eligibility criteria were randomly assigned to 6 sessions of LiST twice weekly for 3 weeks and tadalafil (n = 25) or placebo (n = 25) once daily for 4 weeks. Patients were evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months after completion of the treatment protocol. OUTCOMES The primary outcome was the mean change from baseline in the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) domain between the 2 groups at 3 months after treatment. Erectile function was also assessed at 1 and 6 months. The number of patients attaining a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in the IIEF-EF, as well as the safety of combination therapy were evaluated. RESULTS Adjusting for the baseline values, IIEF-EF improved by 0.8 points more (95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.2 to 1.9, P = .12) at 1 month, 1 point more (95% CI = 0.1-1.9, P = .02) at 3 months and 1.7 points more (95% CI = 0.8-2.7, P < .001) at 6 months in patients treated with combination therapy compared to monotherapy. The number of patients attaining a MCID in the IIEF-EF between the 2 groups improved significantly only at the 3-month evaluation. No adverse events were reported during the whole study period. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Combination of LiST twice weekly for 3 weeks and tadalafil 5 mg once daily for 4 weeks may further ameliorate mild or mild-to-moderate vasculogenic ED compared to LiST monotherapy. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS We conducted the first randomized trial exploring the role of LiST and tadalafil in the management of ED. Conversely, our study lacks external validity due to its single-center design. CONCLUSION The addition of daily low-dose tadalafil during application of LiST may further improve erectile function compared to application of LiST as a standalone treatment in patients with mild or mild-to-moderate vasculogenic ED. Still, further high-quality studies are warranted to corroborate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mykoniatis
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Institute for the Study of Urological Diseases, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Pyrgidis
- Institute for the Study of Urological Diseases, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Filimon Zilotis
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paraskeui Kapoteli
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Agrippina Fournaraki
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kalyvianakis
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Institute for the Study of Urological Diseases, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Hatzichristou
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Institute for the Study of Urological Diseases, Thessaloniki, Greece
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22
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Campbell JD, Matti D, Abed H, Di Pierdominico A. Technological Advancements for Treating Erectile Dysfunction and Peyronie's Disease. Urol Clin North Am 2021; 49:175-184. [PMID: 34776050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, there have been several advancements in the technologies available to treatment erectile dysfunction and Peyronie's disease. Vacuum erection devices, penile traction devices, low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy, and penile prosthesis surgery have evolved and are changing the way we treat men's health. Although significant improvements have been made, further work is needed to standardize treatment, create universal algorithms for technological applications, and simply their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Campbell
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Danny Matti
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Haider Abed
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Verze P, Capece M, Creta M, La Rocca R, Persico F, Spirito L, Cardi A, Mirone V. Efficacy and safety of low-intensity shockwave therapy plus tadalafil 5 mg once daily in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus and erectile dysfunction: a matched-pair comparison study. Asian J Androl 2021; 22:379-382. [PMID: 31696836 PMCID: PMC7406094 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_121_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy (LiESWT) represents a promising treatment for patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). We investigated the efficacy of LiESWT combined with tadalafil 5 mg once daily in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and ED and compared LiESWT protocols administering different number of shockwaves. We performed a retrospective matched-pair comparison using data from a prospectively maintained database. Seventy-eight patients who received tadalafil 5 mg once daily for 12 weeks + LiESWT performed with an electrohydraulic source for 3 weeks (Group A) were matched 1:1 to patients who received tadalafil 5 mg once daily alone for 12 weeks (Group B). A subgroup analysis was performed according to the number of shockwaves delivered during each session (1500, 1800, and 2400 in subgroup A1, A2, and A3, respectively). The mean International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) score variations with respect to baseline recorded at 4, 12, and 24 weeks after the end of the treatment were investigated as treatment outcomes. The mean IIEF-5 scores significantly improved in all groups and subgroups at 4-week follow-up without intergroup differences. At 12- and 24-week follow-up, the mean IIEF-5 improvement was significantly higher among patients in the A3 subgroup (+5.0 ± 2.1 [P < 0.001] and +4.7 ± 2.3 [P < 0.001], respectively). The combined approach with tadalafil 5 mg once daily and LiESWT with a protocol involving 2400 shockwaves provides significant advantages in terms of IIEF-5 improvement and durability compared to tadalafil 5 mg once daily alone in patients with T2DM and ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Verze
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Marco Capece
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Creta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Roberto La Rocca
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Francesco Persico
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spirito
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Antonio Cardi
- Department of Urology, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Rome 00184, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples 80131, Italy
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24
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Chung E, Cartmill R. Evaluation of Long-Term Clinical Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction Rate Following Low Intensity Shock Wave Therapy in Men With Erectile Dysfunction: A Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up on a Prospective Open-Label Single-Arm Clinical Study. Sex Med 2021; 9:100384. [PMID: 34126432 PMCID: PMC8360926 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2021.100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Low intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LIESWT) improves erectile function (EF) in men with vascular erectile dysfunction (ED) but longer-term outcomes remain unknown. Aim To evaluate the clinical outcomes of LIESWT at a minimum 5-year follow-up. Methods This is an open-label single-arm prospective study involved men with vascular ED who received LIESWT. Main Outcome Measure Changes in patient demographics, IIEF-5 and Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS) scores, as well as overall satisfaction score (on a 5-point scale) were reviewed at 12, 24, 48, and 60 months after completion of LIESWT. A chi-square contingency analysis was used to examine the relationship between erectile function score and treatment satisfaction, with statistical significance set at 5%. Results The mean follow-up period was 69.9 (63–82; median 76) months. The mean IIEF-5 scores for pretreatment and after treatment at 12, 24, 48, and 60 months were 14.8, 17.6, 16.8, 16.5, and 16.5 while the percentages of patients who reported an improvement in IIEF-5 score by 5 points were 60%, 45%, 40%, and 40%; and EDITS scores >50% were recorded in 70%, 55%, 50%, and 48% of patients at 12, 24, 48, and 60 months post-LIESWT. Ten patients required medical therapy and 2 patients opted for penile prosthesis implantation. The overall satisfaction rate appeared sustained subsequent follow-up (score 4 out of 5; 68% vs 50% vs 40% vs 40% at 12, 24, 48, and 60 months). There were minor time-limited, but no significant adverse event reported. Conclusion This long-term study showed the observed clinical improvement in EF continues to deteriorate but appears to plateau at 40% clinical efficacy at 48–60 months after completion of LIESWT. The absence of penile pain and deformity at 5-year follow-up supports the long-term safety data of LIESWT in men with ED. Chung E, Cartmill R. Evaluation of Long-Term Clinical Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction Rate Following Low Intensity Shock Wave Therapy in Men With Erectile Dysfunction: A Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up on a Prospective Open-Label Single-Arm Clinical Study. Sex Med 2021;9:100384.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chung
- The University of Queensland, Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; AndroUrology Centre, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; AndroUrology Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ross Cartmill
- The University of Queensland, Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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25
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Stern N, Punjani N, Brock G. Management of Patients With Normal Physical Exams and Ultrasound Evidence of Isolated Septal and Punctate Penile Scarring. Sex Med 2021; 9:100346. [PMID: 34077870 PMCID: PMC8240343 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2021.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atypical penile tunical lesions including isolated septal (ISS) and punctate scarring (PS) are an under recognized and difficult to treat subset of Peyronie's disease (PD) that often present with normal physical exams. Current guidelines provide little direction in the treatment of these men. Aim To review the results of our treatment approach in men with ISS and PS. Methods Data from all men undergoing duplex ultrasonography for either Peyronie's disease and/or erectile dysfunction over a 3-year period were reviewed. All men with ISS or PS and normal physical exams were included. First- and second-line treatment preferences and satisfaction with treatment in men with ISS and PS were retrospectively reviewed. Logistic regression was used to investigate associations between scar features and treatment preference Main Outcome Measures Treatment preference patterns, treatment satisfaction. Results A total of 217 men with ISS and 197 men with PS were identified. Of these, 71 ISS and 86 PS patients had normal physical exams. Majority of men in both ISS (70.4%) and PS (81.4%) cohorts initially opted for non-invasive management through either observation, oral therapy, or traction therapy. After initial management 84.5% of ISS and 93% of PS patients were satisfied with their results. A significant trend toward inflatable prostheses as second line therapy was seen in men with PS. Conclusions There is a mounting need for clinical guidance in order to best manage men with atypical PD in the absence of societal guidelines and high-quality studies. This series provides guidance to clinicians on the management of these men, suggesting that conservative therapy and education may be sufficient. A standardized approach of increasing invasiveness showed reasonable rates of satisfaction with minimally invasive therapies playing a prominent role. Stern N, Punjani N, Brock G, Management of Patients With Normal Physical Exams and Ultrasound Evidence of Isolated Septal and Punctate Penile Scarring. Sex Med 2021;9:100346
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Stern
- Division of Urology, London Health Sciences Centre , London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nahid Punjani
- Division of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, NY, USA
| | - Gerald Brock
- Division of Urology, London Health Sciences Centre , London, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Western University Ringgold Standard Institution, London, Ontario, Canada.
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26
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Zhang F, Qin F, Yuan J. Molecular Mechanisms and Current Pharmacotherapy of Peyronie's Disease: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:643641. [PMID: 34093182 PMCID: PMC8173627 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Peyronie’s disease (PD) is a localized fibrotic lesion of the penis that has adverse effects on men’s health. In this review, we summarized the molecular mechanisms and pharmacotherapies of PD. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane Library during 2001–2020. Although no oral or topical medication demonstrated efficacy in monotherapy of PD, several intralesional medications have yielded promising results. Currently, the effective strategy in management of PD should be combined modality therapy, including but not limited to pharmacotherapy, mechanical therapy, and psychotherapy. Meanwhile, basic research is still necessary to facilitate the development of novel and more reliable treatments. In future, more attention should be given simultaneously to epigenetic changes, inflammatory cytokines, the abnormal wound-healing process, and profibrotic and anti-fibrotic factors to provide more options for this refractory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxun Zhang
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Qin
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiuhong Yuan
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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27
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Low-intensity shockwave therapy in Peyronie's disease: long-term results from a prospective, randomized, sham-controlled trial. Int J Impot Res 2021; 34:487-494. [PMID: 34007066 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-021-00447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST) is an effective treatment for pain reduction in patients with Peyronie's disease (PD). We aimed to report the long-term results of a previously published randomized, sham-controlled trial on LiST for PD management. For the initial study, 102 patients with stable PD were randomly assigned to six sessions of LiST (n = 51) or sham (n = 51) therapy. All participants were subsequently contacted for an additional evaluation at 3 years after completion of the initial treatment and 63 of them (LiST = 34 and sham therapy = 29) presented for the evaluation. Among them, improvement of pain was reported in 23 participants (LiST = 16, sham = 7, p = 0.005) at 4 weeks and in 22 (LiST = 15, sham = 7, p = 0.031) at 3 years. We detected a mean difference of 2.2 points (95%CI: 0.9-3.5, p = 0.002) in the visual analog pain scale at 4 weeks and a mean difference of 2.5 points (95%CI: 1-4, p = 0.002) at 3 years between the two groups. No treatment-related complications occurred during the sessions or the follow-up period. Regarding the improvement of penile curvature or sexual function, no significant differences between the two groups were observed. Overall, LiST constitutes a safe and effective therapeutic approach for pain management both in the short- and long term.
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28
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Ferretti L, Madec FX, Akakpo W, Methorst C, Carnicelli D, Terrier JE, Morel Journel N, Beley S, Graziana JP, Marcelli F, Hupertan V, Yiou R, Ben-Naoum K, Savareux L, Huyghe E, Faix A. [French Urological Association (AFU) guidelines for Peyronie's disease assessment and treatment]. Prog Urol 2021; 31:477-494. [PMID: 33941460 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peyronie's disease is a common cause for consultation in urology. Many controversies surround its treatment. No French Guidelines have been published so far. The Committee of Andrology and Sexual Medicine of the French Association of Urology therefore offers a series of evidence-based recommendations. MATERIALS AND METHODS These recommendations are made according to the ADAPTE method, based on European (EAU, ESSM), American (AUA, ISSM) and Canadian (CAU) recommendations, integrating French specificities due to the availability of treatments, and an update of the recent bibliography. RESULTS The assessment of the disease is clinical. Patients with functional impairment or significant psychological repercussions may be offered treatment. The benefits and drawbacks of each treatment should be explained to the patient. Regarding non-surgical treatments, no available treatment has market authorization in France. Vitamin E is not recommended. Analgesic (oral or low-intensity shock waves) or proerectile treatments may be offered as needed, as well as traction therapy. Due to the unavailability of collagenase injections, verapamil injections may be offered. Surgical treatments are to be considered in the stabilized phase of the disease, and consist of performing a plication, an incision-graft or the placement of a penile implant according to the patient's wishes, the curvature and the penis size, as well as erectile function. Combination treatments can be offered. CONCLUSION The management of Peyronie's disease is complex, and the levels of evidence for treatments are generally low. The success of treatment will depend on the quality of the initial assessment, the patient's information and understanding of the expected effects, and the practitioner's experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ferretti
- Service d'urologie, MSP Bordeaux Bagatelle, Talence.
| | - F-X Madec
- Service d'urologie, hôpital Foch, Suresnes
| | - W Akakpo
- Département d'urologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris
| | - C Methorst
- Service d'urologie, hôpital des 4 Villes, Saint-Cloud
| | - D Carnicelli
- Service d'urologie, hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Lyon
| | - J-E Terrier
- Service d'urologie, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite
| | | | | | - J-P Graziana
- Clinique Mutualiste de la Porte de l'Orient, Lorient
| | - F Marcelli
- Service d'urologie, andrologie et transplantation rénale, hôpital Huriez CHU Lille, France
| | | | - R Yiou
- Département d'urologie, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil
| | | | - L Savareux
- Service d'urologie, Hôpital Privé la Chataigneraie, Beaumont
| | - E Huyghe
- Département d'urologie, CHU Rangueil, Toulouse
| | - A Faix
- Centre d'urologie du Polygone, Montpellier
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29
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Li EV, Esterquest R, Pham MN, Panken EJ, Amarasekera C, Siebert A, Bajic P, Levine LA. Peyronie's disease: pharmacological treatments and limitations. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 14:703-713. [PMID: 33719851 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1903873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Peyronie's disease (PD) is a disorder of the tunica albuginea from disordered and excessive deposition of collagen resulting in a palpable scar, pain, erect penile deformity and erectile dysfunction that significantly impacts patients both physically and emotionally.Areas Covered: Several treatment options have been described for PD, including shockwave therapy, traction therapy, both oral and intralesional pharmacological options, and surgery. This review seeks to examine the data for different types of non-surgical treatments for PD. We review how various treatment modalities impact several relevant clinical endpoints for Peyronie's disease, including effects on pain, penile curvature, plaque formation, and erectile function. We performed a literature search using PubMed and SCOPUS while referencing AUA, EAU, and CUA guidelines for management of Peyronie's Disease for studies published 1980-2020.Expert opinion: Intralesional collagenase injections have the strongest evidence and are the only FDA approved intralesional treatment for PD. Penile traction therapy (PTT) is low risk and may be beneficial in patients willing to invest significant time using the devices. Furthermore, oral combination therapy with other modalities may provide some benefit. Further investigation is required to better understand pathophysiology of PD and clarify the therapeutic utility of existing treatments, potentially with a multimodal strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric V Li
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert Esterquest
- Division of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Minh N Pham
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Evan J Panken
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Channa Amarasekera
- Division of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Aisha Siebert
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Petar Bajic
- Cleveland Clinic, Center for Men's Health, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Laurence A Levine
- Division of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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30
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Conservative Therapy for Peyronie's Disease: a Contemporary Review of the Literature. Curr Urol Rep 2021; 22:6. [PMID: 33420664 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-020-01024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To analyze the literature on current conservative treatment options for Peyronie's disease (PD). RECENT FINDINGS Conservative therapy with intralesional collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH) is safe and efficacious in either the acute or chronic phases of PD. Combination treatment with penile traction therapy (PTT) can produce even better results. While most PTT devices require extended periods of therapy up to 8 h per day, the RestoreX® device can be effective at 30-90 min per day. A variety of conservative therapies are available for treatment of PD. The available literature does not reveal any treatment benefit of oral therapies. Intralesional therapy is the mainstay conservative treatment of PD. Intralesional CCH therapy is the first Food and Drug Administration-approved intralesional therapy and represents the authors' preference for medical therapy. The most effective conservative management of PD likely requires a combination of therapies.
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31
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El-Sakka AI. Medical, non-invasive, and minimally invasive treatment for Peyronie's disease: A systematic review. Andrology 2020; 9:511-528. [PMID: 33098745 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of Peyronie's disease (PD) remains a dilemma as the true pathogenesis of PD remains an enigma. Consequently, new molecules and therapies continue to evolve. The safety and efficacy of conservative treatment for PD have not yet established. OBJECTIVES To provide the available information of the status of conservative therapy for PD. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for English-language journal articles between January 2000 and July 2019, using the terms "Conservative treatment for PD", "medical treatment for PD", "non-invasive therapies for PD" and "minimally invasive therapies for PD". This systematic review was conducted in agreement with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) system. We also manually reviewed references from selected articles. The risk of bias in the included RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment tool (RoB 2). RESULTS Conservative treatment is accepted as the initial treatment step in most of the cases. This kind of therapy includes various methods of treatment such as medical, non-invasive, and minimally invasive therapies. Ideal management of PD is not yet available. It is not possible to assess the value of treatment without well-designed, randomized, placebo-controlled, large-scale clinical studies. CONCLUSION Optimistically, in the near future, we may witness emergence of efficacious new agents and modalities to revolutionize medical, non-invasive, and minimally invasive treatment of this devastating condition.
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32
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Ilg MM, Stafford SJ, Mateus M, Bustin SA, Carpenter MJ, Muneer A, Bivalacqua TJ, Ralph DJ, Cellek S. Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors and Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Can Prevent But Not Reverse Myofibroblast Transformation in Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med 2020; 17:1848-1864. [PMID: 32771352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myofibroblast transformation is a key step in the pathogenesis of Peyronie's disease (PD). Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5is) and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) can prevent the formation of fibrosis in in vitro and in vivo models of PD. However, it is unknown whether these drugs can also reverse established fibrosis. AIM To investigate whether PDE5is and SERMs can reverse transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced myofibroblast transformation and determine the point of no return. METHODS In-Cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantify TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast transformation of human primary fibroblasts isolated from tunica albuginea (TA) of patients undergoing surgery for treatment of PD. Extracellular matrix production and collagen contraction assays were used as secondary assays. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and In-Cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure drug target expression. PDE5i (vardenafil) and SERM (tamoxifen) were applied at various time points after TGF-β1. OUTCOMES Reversibility of myofibroblast transformation and drug target expression were investigated in a time-dependent manner in TA-derived fibroblasts. RESULTS Vardenafil or tamoxifen could not reverse the myofibroblast traits of alpha-smooth muscle actin expression and extracellular matrix production, whereas only tamoxifen affected collagen contraction after 72 hours of TGF-β1 treatment. Phosphodiesterase 5A and estrogen receptor (ER)-β were downregulated after 72 hours, and estrogen receptor -α protein could not be quantified. Tamoxifen could prevent myofibroblast transformation until 36 hours after TGF-β1 treatment, whereas vardenafil could prevent only 24 hours after TGF-β1 treatment. This was mirrored by downregulation of drug targets on mRNA and protein level. Furthermore, antifibrotic signaling pathways, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and betaglycan (TGFB receptor III), were significantly downregulated after 36 hours of TGF-β1 exposure, as opposed to upregulation of profibrotic thrombospondin-1 at the same time point. CLINICAL TRANSLATION This study suggests that using PDE5is and SERMs might only help for early-phase PD and further highlights the need to test drugs at the appropriate stage of the disease based on their mechanism of action. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS The study uses primary human TA-derived fibroblasts that enhances translatability of the results. Limitations include that only 1 example of PDE5i- and SERM-type drug was tested. Time course experiments were only performed for marker expression experiments and not for functional assays. CONCLUSION This is the first study to demonstrate that timing for administration of drugs affecting myofibroblast transformation appears to be vital in in vitro models of PD, where 36 hours of TGF-β1 treatment can be suggested as a "point of no return" for myofibroblast transformation. Ilg MM, Stafford SJ, Mateus M, et al. Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors and Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Can Prevent But Not Reverse Myofibroblast Transformation in Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med 2020;17:1848-1864.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M Ilg
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK.
| | - Simon J Stafford
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
| | - Marta Mateus
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
| | - Stephen A Bustin
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
| | - Michael J Carpenter
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
| | - Asif Muneer
- Department of Urology, University College London, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Trinity J Bivalacqua
- James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David J Ralph
- Department of Urology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Selim Cellek
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
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33
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Chung E, Lee J, Liu CC, Taniguchi H, Zhou HL, Park HJ. Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendation on the Use of Low Intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy and Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Shock Wave Therapy to Treat Erectile Dysfunction: The Asia-Pacific Society for Sexual Medicine Position Statement. World J Mens Health 2020; 39:1-8. [PMID: 32648375 PMCID: PMC7752510 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.200077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Published literature shows low intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LIESWT) and low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) therapy to improve erectile function and penile hemodynamic by inducing neovascularisation and promoting tissue regeneration. Key opinion leaders across the Asia Pacific region attended the recent biennial meeting of the Asia Pacific Society for Sexual Medicine in Australia, and presented the current evidence on LIESWT and LIPUS for erectile dysfunction (ED). The clinical findings were internally discussed, and the quality of evidence was graded based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine recommendations. Existing literature supports the use of LIESWT and LIPUS in men with ED, with many clinical studies reported encouraging results with improved erectile function, good safety profile and short-term durability. However, controversial exists due to sampling heterogeneity, non-standardised treatment protocol and lack of large multiinstitutional studies. There is a need to better define which subgroup of ED population is best-suited, and specific treatment protocol to optimise shock wave energy delivery. More stringent and larger multi-institutional randomised placebo-controlled trials are warranted before clinical adoption of LIESWT and LIPUS as the new standard of care for men with ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chung
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Urology, Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,AndroUrology Centre, Brisbane and Sydney, Australia.
| | - Joe Lee
- Department of Urology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Chia Chu Liu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hisanori Taniguchi
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hui Liang Zhou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian, Fujian, China
| | - Hyun Jun Park
- Department of Urology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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34
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Farrell MR, Ziegelmann MJ, Levine LA. Minimally invasive therapies for Peyronie's disease: the current state of the art. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:S269-S283. [PMID: 32257868 PMCID: PMC7108992 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.08.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Peyronie's disease (PD) is a relatively common condition that can result in significant penile deformity, sexual dysfunction, and psychological bother. Surgical straightening offers the highest probability of success during the stable phase of the disease. However, for men in the acute phase of PD or for those with less severe deformity who elect to avoid surgery, a variety of non-surgical treatment options are available. Oral therapies, including L-citrulline and pentoxifylline, are most useful as part of a combination regimen rather than as monotherapy. Intralesional therapy with IFN-α2b, verapamil, and collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH) can cause significant reduction in penile curvature, yet these results may not be clinically significant for men with more severe curvature. Further investigation into the timing of administration and optimal patient characteristics is required. Penile traction therapy offers a clinically significant improvement in penile length and curvature. However, this has traditionally required hours of daily therapy. Overall, a combination of oral, topical, injection and traction therapies may provide the most significant benefit among the non-surgical modalities for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ryan Farrell
- Division of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Laurence A Levine
- Division of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Campbell JD, Milenkovic U, Usta MF, Albersen M, Bivalacqua TJ. The good, bad, and the ugly of regenerative therapies for erectile dysfunction. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:S252-S261. [PMID: 32257866 PMCID: PMC7108995 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.10.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition which reduces quality of life of both patients and their partners, and is a significant health care expense every year. Although phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors are the current first-line treatment for men with ED, they are limited by their on-demand dosing, intolerance, and variable efficacy in complex patient populations such as men with multiple medical comorbidities or ED after pelvic surgery. Regenerative medicine has been introduced and investigated in andrology as an encouraging strategy to restore diseased erectile tissue structure and function. Novel regenerative therapies for ED are controversial but are perceived to offer a durable and safe tissue restorative approach to act as a long-term solution to this cumbersome disease process. Here, we review platelet-rich plasma, amniotic fluid membranes, low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy, and stem cell therapy as regenerative strategies to treat ED. Most of these approaches have preclinical and occasionally clinical data to support their ongoing investigation; however, none of these treatments are currently supported for use in ED patients outside of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Campbell
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Uros Milenkovic
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mustafa Faruk Usta
- Department of Urology, Section of Andrology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Maarten Albersen
- Laboratory for Experimental Urology, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Trinity J Bivalacqua
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Fode M, Østergren PB. Contemporary Thoughts on the Role of Shockwave Therapy in Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med 2020; 17:174-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Milenkovic U, Ilg MM, Cellek S, Albersen M. Pathophysiology and Future Therapeutic Perspectives for Resolving Fibrosis in Peyronie’s Disease. Sex Med Rev 2019; 7:679-689. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Medical Management of Peyronie's Disease: Review of the Clinical Evidence. Med Sci (Basel) 2019; 7:medsci7090096. [PMID: 31540526 PMCID: PMC6780399 DOI: 10.3390/medsci7090096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peyronie’s disease is a condition that causes abnormal healing of the tunica albuginea, causing penile curvature. It is difficult to treat and its management is continuing to evolve. Proposed non-surgical treatments have included oral, topical, intralesional, extracorporeal shockwave, and traction therapy. The study of Peyronie’s disease is made difficult by heterogeneity in the timing of presentation, severity and characteristics of deformity, and associated complaints. Moreover, meta-analyses of studies are difficult due to inconsistencies across study endpoints and the duration of treatments. This article reviews the current clinical evidence and guideline recommendations, with a focus on an improvement in penile curvature.
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Capogrosso P, Frey A, Jensen CFS, Rastrelli G, Russo GI, Torremade J, Albersen M, Gruenwald I, Reisman Y, Corona G. Low-Intensity Shock Wave Therapy in Sexual Medicine-Clinical Recommendations from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM). J Sex Med 2019; 16:1490-1505. [PMID: 31447380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low-intensity shockwave therapy (LISWT) has been investigated for the treatment of uroandrological disorders including erectile dysfunction (ED), Peyronie's disease (PD) and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) with controversial findings. AIM To review the evidence on LISWT for ED, PD, and CP/CPPS and provide clinical recommendations on behalf of the European Society of Sexual Medicine. METHODS Medline and Embase databases were searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs), meta-analyses and open-label prospective or retrospective studies investigating the effect of LISWT on ED, PD, or CP/CPPS. OUTCOMES The panel provided statements on clinically relevant questions concerning LISWT: (i) treatment efficacy, (ii) treatment protocol, (iii) clinical indications, and (iv) safety. The level of evidence was provided according to the Oxford 2011 criteria and graded using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine recommendations. RESULTS 11 RCTs and 5 meta-analyses investigated LISWT for ED. RCTs provided controversial results on the efficacy of LISWT and were affected by high heterogeneity and the small number of patients included. Pooled-data analysis showed an overall positive effect in terms of erectile function improvement but reported small estimates and included a largely heterogeneous cohort of patients. 4 RCTs and 1 meta-analysis assessed LISWT for PD. All trials showed positive findings in terms of pain relief but no effect on penile curvature and plaque size. Inclusion criteria vary widely among studies, and further investigation is needed. 5 RCTs investigated LISWT for CP/CPPS. Data showed a possible effect on pain relief, although there is no evidence supporting that pain relief was maintained or any improvement in pain over time. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS LISWT needs to be further investigated in the context of sexual medicine and is almost but not yet ready for clinical practice. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS All studies have been evaluated by a panel of experts providing recommendations for clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS LISWT is a safe and well-tolerated procedure but its efficacy for the treatment of ED is doubtful and deserves more investigation. Patients reporting pain associated with PD may benefit from LISWT, although no effect is expected on disease progression. LISWT is not a primary treatment for CP/CPPS, but it may be considered as an option to relieve pain. Capogrosso P, Frey A, Jensen CFS, et al. Low-Intensity Shock Wave Therapy in Sexual Medicine-Clinical Recommendations from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM). J Sex Med 2019;16:1490-1505.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Capogrosso
- Department of Urology; Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University, Milano, Italy.
| | - Anders Frey
- Department of Urology, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg and Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Giulia Rastrelli
- Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Maarten Albersen
- Laboratory of Experimental Urology, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Urology, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilan Gruenwald
- Neuro-urology Unit, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yacov Reisman
- Men's Health Clinic, Amstelland Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Corona
- Endocrinology Unit, Medical Department, Azienda USL, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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Porst H, Burri A. Current Strategies in the Management of Peyronie’s Disease (PD)—Results of a Survey of 401 Sexual Medicine Experts Across Europe. J Sex Med 2019; 16:901-908. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.03.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Krieger JR, Rizk PJ, Kohn TP, Pastuszak A. Shockwave Therapy in the Treatment of Peyronie's Disease. Sex Med Rev 2019; 7:499-507. [PMID: 30926460 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peyronie's disease is an acquired condition of the connective tissue of the penis that affects 0.5-20.3% of the male population and is marked by fibrotic plaques in the tunica albuginea. It can result in penile curvature/deviation, painful erections, and sexual dysfunction. Several treatment modalities have been proposed, with studies from the past decade investigating extracorporeal shockwave therapy's (ESWT) potential efficacy in Peyronie's management. AIMS To investigate the effects of ESWT on Peyronie's disease parameters such as penile curvature, plaque size, erectile function, and penile pain. METHODS We reviewed the literature examining the effects of ESWT on Peyronie's disease. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome measures after receiving extracoporeal shockwave therapy included changes in degree of penile curvature, penile plaque size, International Index of Erectile Function-5 questionnaire score, and visual analogue scale score. RESULTS Randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of ESWT in Peyronie's disease do not show a statistically significant benefit in curvature reduction, plaque size, or erectile function, although a recent meta-analysis demonstrates a benefit in plaque size reduction. A statistically significant reduction in penile pain has been observed across multiple studies. CONCLUSION Extracorporeal shockwave therapy may be beneficial in the management of Peyronie's disease for refractory penile pain and plaque size reduction. However, penile pain typically resolves spontaneously over time, and shockwave therapy can pose a substantial financial burden to patients. A multi-institutional randomized controlled trial with standardization of methods and strict inclusion criteria regarding disease duration would prove beneficial in determining the true efficacy of shockwave therapy in Peyronie's disease. Krieger JR, Rizk PJ, Kohn TP, et al. Shockwave Therapy in the Treatment of Peyronie's Disease. Sex Med Rev 2019;7:499-507.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan R Krieger
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Paul J Rizk
- Department of Urology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Taylor P Kohn
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Pastuszak
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Therapeutic areas of Li-ESWT in sexual medicine other than erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 2019; 31:223-230. [DOI: 10.1038/s41443-019-0114-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Bella AJ, Lee JC, Grober ED, Carrier S, Benard F, Brock GB. 2018 Canadian Urological Association guideline for Peyronie's disease and congenital penile curvature. Can Urol Assoc J 2018; 12:E197-E209. [PMID: 29792593 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.5255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Peyronie’s disease (PD) is a highly prevalent condition that affects the physical and psychosocial well-being and quality of life (QoL) for thousands of Canadian men. The specific etiology of PD remains poorly understood and there remains a paucity of randomized placebo-controlled trials evaluating treatment interventions.1-3 PD can be found in up to 8.9% of men, a remarkable increase in cited prevalence that is attributable to growing awareness (as historical data suggested a rate of less than 1%); the burden of disease is significant, and PD is often present in otherwise healthy men. The following guidelines were crafted by the committee with a full awareness of the limitations of the literature, and sought to provide actionable recommendations to guide PD care in the Canadian health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Bella
- Ottawa Urology and Men's Health and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa ON; Canada
| | - Jay C Lee
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB; Canada
| | - Ethan D Grober
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON; Canada
| | - Serge Carrier
- Division of Urology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC; Canada
| | - Francois Benard
- Department of Surgery, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC; Canada
| | - Gerald B Brock
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology Western University, London, ON; Canada
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Chung E, Wang J. A state-of-art review of low intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy and lithotripter machines for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Expert Rev Med Devices 2017; 14:929-934. [PMID: 29119841 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2017.1403897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) mostly attempts to improve erectile function with limited impact on altering the underlying pathophysiology of ED. Recent animal experiments have supported the notion that low intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy (LIESWT) significantly improves penile hemodynamics and might induce structural changes that regenerate penile tissue. Areas covered: This review article provides an overview of the basic mechanics and clinical studies pertaining to LIESWT and its use in the field of ED. We identify several key aspects of LIESWT and compare contemporary LIESWT machines and their clinical outcomes. Expert commentary: There is emerging and strong literature to support the use of LIESWT in men with ED, with many clinical studies reported encouraging results in the use of LIESWT with improved erectile function, good safety records, and short-term durability. However, there is a need to define which subgroup of ED population is best suited and the LIESWT treatment protocol including LIESWT template, modality of shock waves energy, emission frequency, and total energy delivery. More stringent randomised controlled trials are warranted before there is widespread acceptance of this LIESWT technology as the standard of care in ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chung
- a Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital , University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia.,b AndroUrology Centre , St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Juan Wang
- b AndroUrology Centre , St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital , Brisbane , Australia
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Qi T, Ye L, Wang B, Zhang B, Chen J. Comparison of the effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy and a vacuum erectile device on penile erectile dysfunction: a randomized clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8414. [PMID: 29095274 PMCID: PMC5682793 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This randomized clinical trial (October 2012-December 2013) compared extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) and a vacuum erectile device (VED) for management of erectile dysfunction (ED). METHODS Consecutive Chinese patients (20-55 years) with ED, abnormal nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity (NPTR), and international index of erectile function-5 items (IIEF-5) score <22 were randomized to receive ESWT or VED (twice weekly, 4 weeks). Primary outcomes were treatment efficacy and success rate 4 weeks after completion of therapy. Secondary outcomes included changes in IIEF-5 score, sex encounter profile (SEP) score, erection hardness score (EHS) and NPTR assessments 4 weeks post-therapy. All enrolled patients (n = 30 per group) completed the study. At baseline, age, IIEF-5 score, SEP score, EHS, and NPTR assessments were similar between groups. RESULTS Four weeks post-therapy, IIEF-5 score increased in the ESWT (15.03 ± 3.00 vs. 11.60 ± 2.28) and VED (15.10 ± 3.06 vs. 11.53 ± 2.27) groups, as did SEP score, EHS, and NPTR measures (all P < .05). Efficacy in the ESWT and VED groups was excellent in 10% and 13.3%, respectively, and moderate in 63.3% and 53.3%, respectively. Treatment success rate in the ESWT and VED groups was 73.3% and 67.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION VED use and ESWT have comparable efficacies in the treatment of ED in Chinese patients.
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Angulo J, Arance I, de las Heras M, Meilán E, Esquinas C, Andrés E. Efficacy of low-intensity shock wave therapy for erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Angulo JC, Arance I, de Las Heras MM, Meilán E, Esquinas C, Andrés EM. Efficacy of low-intensity shock wave therapy for erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Actas Urol Esp 2017; 41:479-490. [PMID: 27521134 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The low-intensity shockwave (LISW) therapy is a recently developed modality for treating erectile dysfunction. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of LISW therapy for treating erectile dysfunction as described in the literature. ACQUISITION OF EVIDENCE Two independent reviewers identified studies eligible for a systematic review and meta-analysis of various sources written in English and Spanish, using the databases of PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. We excluded studies on Peyronie's disease. We employed the DerSimonian-Laird method for defining heterogeneity, calculating the grouped standard deviation of the mean (SDM). The primary objective of this review is to assess efficacy based on the change in the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) over baseline at 1 month from the start of treatment, both for the treatment arm and the placebo arm. The secondary objective is focused on analysing IIEF-EF at 3-6 months from the start of the therapy. SUMMARY OF THE EVIDENCE The pooled data of 636 patients from 12 studies showed that treatment with LISW resulted in a significant increase in IIEF-EF at 1 month with respect to baseline (SDM, -2.92; P=.000), to a greater degree than placebo (SDM, -.99; P=.000). The IIEF-EF at 3-6 months for the treated patients was significantly greater than baseline (SDM, -2.78; P=.000). Only one study compared the efficacy of placebo at 3-6 months versus baseline (SDM, -9.14). The comparison between LISW and placebo favours active treatment (SDM, 2.53; P=.000) at 1 month. There are insufficient data in the literature to assess the response over placebo at 3-6 months. CONCLUSIONS According to the literature, treatment with LISW for erectile dysfunction is effective, both in the short and medium term. LISW has been described as more effective than placebo in the short term. The long-term efficacy data are insufficient. More studies are needed to explain the role of this therapy according to specific causes of erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Angulo
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario, Getafe, Madrid, España; Departamento Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Laureate Universities, Getafe, Madrid, España.
| | - I Arance
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario, Getafe, Madrid, España
| | - M M de Las Heras
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario, Getafe, Madrid, España
| | - E Meilán
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario, Getafe, Madrid, España
| | - C Esquinas
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario, Getafe, Madrid, España
| | - E M Andrés
- Análisis Estadísticos PerTICA, S. L., Madrid, España
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Low-intensity shockwave therapy for erectile dysfunction: is the evidence strong enough? Nat Rev Urol 2017; 14:593-606. [DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2017.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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