• individualised treatment
• metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer
• precision medicine
• treatment adverse effects
• treatment de‐escalation

• Humans
• Male
• Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
• Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood
• Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use

• Metastasis
• Prostate cancer
• Recommendations
• Recurrence
• Treatment

• Humans
• Male
• Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/drug therapy
• Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/pathology
• Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/therapy
• Neoplasm Metastasis
• Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
• Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy
• Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy
• Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use

• abiraterone
• advanced prostate cancer
• androgen deprivation therapy
• androgen receptor pathway inhibitors
• cardio-oncology
• cardiovascular health
• enzalutamide
• metastatic prostate cancer

• AR pathway inhibitor
• de-escalation
• mHNPC
• maximal androgen blockade
• quality of life

• ADT
• depression
• hormonal treatment
• mental health
• prostate cancer

• Humans
• Male
• Androgen Antagonists/adverse effects
• Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use
• Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Depression/epidemiology
• Depression/drug therapy
• Incidence

• Adverse drug reaction
• NSAIDS
• drug safety design
• patient safety
• pharmacovigilance
• regulatory affairs.

• Humans
• Pharmacovigilance
• India/epidemiology
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects
• Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems
• Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology
• Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/diagnosis
• Nonprescription Drugs/adverse effects

• Regulolix
• advanced prostate cancer
• intermittent ADT

• Double primary malignancies
• Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)
• Immune-related adverse events (irAEs)
• Pembrolizumab
• Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)-like eruption

• No. 2023YFS0287 the Science and Technology Foundation of Sichuan Province of China

Patients with cancer are treated with chemotherapeutics that cause adverse effects, including erectile dysfunction (ED).

We investigated erectile function in rats after the administration of anticancer agents based on data retrieved through mining of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS) database.

The statistical signal strength for the association between anticancer drugs and ED was calculated using the reporting odds ratio (ROR). A drug–event combination was detected when the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the ROR exceeded 1.00. Rats were administered anticancer agents detected in the FDA AERS analysis. Erectile function was assessed using intracavernous pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) analysis after electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve. Statistical significance was determined using Welch's t‐test or two‐way ANOVA.

Melphalan (L‐PAM; ROR = 4.72, 95% CI = 2.78–8.00), vincristine (VCR; ROR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.54–3.97), docetaxel (DTX; ROR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.28–3.95), methotrexate (MTX; ROR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.39–2.75), and doxorubicin (DOX; ROR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.07–3.19) enhanced ED risk. L‐PAM and MTX decreased the ICP/MAP ratio 1 week after administration. VCR and DOX decreased erectile function 4 weeks after administration. DTX decreased erectile function at all assessed time points.

Certain anticancer agents should be considered risk factors for ED.

Our results provide possible treatment strategies for maintaining erectile function in cancer survivors, including careful erectile function monitoring after treatment.

• US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System
• anticancer agent
• erectile dysfunction
• risk factor

We evaluated patient‐reported outcomes (PRO) during neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) plus external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) followed by either adjuvant continuous ADT (CADT) or intermittent ADT (IADT) for patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (Pca).

A multicenter, randomized phase III trial enrolled 303 patients with locally advanced Pca. The patients were treated with 6 months (M) of ADT followed by 72 Gy of EBRT, and were randomly assigned to CADT or IADT after 14 M. The PROs were evaluated at sic points: baseline, 6 M, 8 M, 14 M, 20 M, and 38 M using FACT‐P questionnaires and EPIC urinary, bowel, and sexual bother subscales.

The FACT‐P total scores were significantly better (p < 0.05) in IADT versus CADT at 20 M (121.6 vs.115.4) and at 38 M (119.9 vs. 115.2). The physical well‐being scores (PWB) were significantly better (p < 0.05) in IADT versus CADT at 38 M (25.4 vs. 24.0). The functional scores were significantly better in IADT than those in CADT at 14 M (20.2 vs18.7, p < 0.05) and at 20 M (21.0 vs.18.9, p < 0.05).

The PRO was significantly favorable in IADT on FACT‐P total score at 20 M and 38 M, PWB and functional scores at 38 M.

• QOL
• external beam radiation therapy
• intermittent androgen deprivation therapy
• neoadjuvant
• prostate cancer

• Humans
• Male
• Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
• Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/therapy

• androgen deprivation therapy
• castration
• gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist
• gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist
• luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists
• prostate cancer

• Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use
• Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/adverse effects
• Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/therapeutic use
• Humans
• Male
• Orchiectomy
• Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Testosterone/therapeutic use

• Ferring Pharmaceuticals

• Cancer de la prostate
• Diagnosis
• Diagnostic
• Guidelines
• Prostate cancer
• Recommandations
• Traitement
• Treatment

• End points
• Health-related quality of life
• Patient-reported outcomes
• Randomized controlled trials
• Study methodology

• Intermittent androgen deprivation
• Prostate cancer

The current study is aimed to assess whether a longer duration of 5α-reductase inhibitor (5α-RI) exposure was associated with higher rate of permanent erectile dysfunction (ED) in a rat model.

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=76) were assigned to five groups: (i) normal control group; (ii) dutasteride (0.5 mg/rat/d) for 4-weeks group; (iii) dutasteride for 4-weeks plus 2-weeks of resting group; (iv) dutasteride for 8-weeks group; and (v) dutasteride for 8-weeks plus 2-weeks of resting group. In vivo erectile responses to electrical stimulation, and changes of fibrotic factors and smooth muscle/collagen contents in the corpus cavernosum were evaluated in each group.

Dutasteride administration for 4 and 8 weeks significantly decreased erectile parameters compared with the control group. Reduced erectile responses were recovered during 2 weeks of drug-free time in the 4-week treatment group, but were not in the 8-week group. Protein levels of fibrosis-related factors transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β2, and p-Smad/Smad (Smad 2/3) in the corpus cavernosum showed no significant change after 4 weeks of dutasteride oral administration, but were enhanced after 8 weeks. Dutasteride markedly decreased smooth muscle content and increased collagen after 4 and 8 weeks of use, but no nuclear size changes; however, neither group showed significant improvement in the smooth muscle to collagen ratio after the rest period.

Our study showed that recovery from ED depended on the duration of medication, and administration of dutasteride for more than 8-weeks in rats could result in irreversible ED even after discontinuation of medication.

• 5-alpha reductase inhibitors
• Dutasteride
• Erectile dysfunction
• Finasteride

• Cancer de la prostate
• Diagnosis
• Diagnostic
• Guidelines
• Prostate cancer
• Recommandations
• Traitement
• Treatment

• France
• Humans
• Male
• Medical Oncology/organization & administration
• Medical Oncology/standards
• Medical Oncology/trends
• Practice Patterns, Physicians'/standards
• Practice Patterns, Physicians'/trends
• Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy
• Societies, Medical/organization & administration
• Societies, Medical/standards

• androgen-deprivation therapy
• bone fractures
• prostate cancer
• side effects

• Aged
• Androgens/deficiency
• Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/administration & dosage
• Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists
• Humans
• Male
• Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy
• Prostatectomy
• Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery
• Retrospective Studies
• Survival Analysis
• Time Factors
• Treatment Outcome

• Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use
• Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use
• Estrogens/therapeutic use
• Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists
• Humans
• Male
• Orchiectomy
• Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy
• Risk Factors
• Thromboembolism/epidemiology

We investigated factors affecting testosterone recovery after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) withdrawal in patients with prostate cancer.

The medical records of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy with ADT were retrospectively reviewed. In all, 221 patients were included in the analysis. Testosterone recovery was defined as supra-castration (SC) (testosterone levels in serum >50 ng/dL) or out of hypogonadism (OH) (>300 ng/dL) after ADT withdrawal. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to estimate testosterone recovery after ADT cessation. Cox regression analyses were used to determine the factors affecting the recovery of testosterone.

After ADT, 206 patients (93.2%) recovered to the SC level and 122 patients (55.2%) recovered to the OH level. Patients treated with ADT for ≤18 months recovered to OH in a mean of 6.8 months (74.6%), but patients treated with ADT for >18 months recovered in a mean of 9.7 months (27.5%). In multivariate analyses, age (hazard ratio [HR], 0.915; p<0.001), serum level of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (HR, 1.015; p=0.002), initial testosterone level (HR, 1.002; p=0.002), and ADT duration (HR, 0.915; p<0.001) were associated with recovery to the OH level after ADT withdrawal, and hypertension (HR, 0.697; p=0.029) and duration of ADT (HR, 0.979; p=0.012) were significantly associated with recovery to SC.

In patients treated with ADT for ≤18 months, testosterone recovers to the OH level more often and faster after ADT cessation. Age, SHBG level, initial testosterone level, and ADT duration are associated with testosterone recovery.

• Androgen deprivation therapy
• Prostatic neoplasms
• Testosterone

• Continuous androgen deprivation therapy
• Intermittent androgen deprivation therapy
• Prostate cancer
• Study designs and outcomes
• Tumor burden

• Androgen deprivation therapy
• Behavioral symptoms
• Depression
• Hormone therapy
• Prostate cancer

• (MeSH) Cancer de la prostate
• (MeSH) Prostate
• Diagnosis
• Diagnostic
• Guidelines
• Recommandations
• Traitement
• Treatment
• cancer

• Breast cancer
• Clinical trials
• Quality of life
• Radiation
• Radiation oncology

• Patients preferences
• hormonal treatment
• prostate cancer

To investigate the efficacy of androgen deprivation treatment (ADT) between continuous and intermittent ADT.

Between January 2006 and May 2015, 603 patients were selected and divided into continuous ADT (CADT) (n=175) and intermittent ADT (IADT) (n=428) groups. The median follow-up in this study was 48.19 (1.0-114.0) months. The primary end point was time to castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The types of ADT were monotherapy and maximal androgen blockade (i.e., luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist and antiandrogen).

The characteristics of patients showed no significant differences between the CADT and IADT groups, except for the Gleason score (p<0.001). The median time to CRPC of all enrolled patients with ADT was 20.60±1.60 months. The median time to CRPC was 11.20±1.31 months in the CADT group as compared with 22.60±2.08 months in the IADT group. In multivariate analysis, percentage of positive core (p=0.047; hazard ratio [HR], 0.976; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.953-1.000), Gleason score (p=0.007; HR, 1.977; 95% CI, 1.206-3.240), lymph node metastasis (p=0.030; HR, 0.498; 95% CI, 0.265-0.936), bone metastasis (p=0.028; HR, 1.921; 95% CI, 1.072-3.445), and CADT vs. IADT (p=0.003; HR, 0.254; 95% CI. 0.102-0.633) were correlated with the duration of progression to CRPC. The IADT group presented a significantly longer median time to CRPC compared with the CADT group. Additionally, patients in the IADT group showed a longer duration in median time to CRPC in subgroup analysis according to the Gleason score.

This study found that IADT produces a longer duration in median time to CRPC than does CADT.

• Androgens
• Castration-resistant prostatic neoplasms
• Prostatic neoplasms
• Therapeutics
• Treatment outcome

• androgen-deprivation therapy
• cognition
• depression
• prostate cancer
• sexual function

Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous cancer in men worldwide. Several different treatment strategies are available including minimally invasive procedures for localized tumors such as radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, and androgen deprivation therapy, among others. All these strategies can be given as mono-therapy or as combination therapy. For this review, we will focus on the side effects of androgen deprivation therapy, independent of the other treatment modalities. Some of the most common affections are loss of bone mineral density, weight gain and obesity, myocardial infarction and sudden death, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, loss of libido and erectile dysfunction, fatigue, cognitive decline, vasomotor flushing, to mention a few. All these alterations can have an impact on quality of life and even lead to more serious complications such as fractures and cardiovascular complications. We present recommendations for prevention, early recognition and treatment. The different modalities for androgen deprivation therapy have particular side-effects profiles and indications should be made in an individualized manner. Androgen deprivation therapy is a useful tool for some patients with prostate cancer but every effort should be made to avoid related complications. The use of guidelines and educational programs for both, patients and urologists, are extremely useful strategies.

• Prostate cancer
• Metabolic syndrome
• Frailty syndrome
• Complications
• Sarcopeny
• Androgen deprivation therapy

• androgen deprivation
• intermittent therapy
• prostate cancer
• prostate-specific antigen
• quality of life
• survival
• testosterone

• androgen deprivation
• intermittent therapy
• metastatic status
• prostate cancer
• quality of life

• Hybrid dynamical system
• Intermittent androgen suppression
• Intermittent control
• Mathematical model
• Prostate cancer