Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Clin Pediatr. Feb 8, 2017; 6(1): 45-51
Published online Feb 8, 2017. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v6.i1.45
Table 1 English translation of items of Pictorial autism assessment schedule
Does your child bring over things to show you
Does your child enjoy being thrown up and down on your lap
Does your child enjoy playing hide and seek
Does your child show pretend play
Does your child point to request
Does your child play with toys appropriately rather than mostly mouth or break them
Does your child attempt to imitate your actions
Does your child show an interest in other children
Does your child show willingness to share toys with others
Does your child look at your face when you hold an object in front of you
Does your child imitate your facial gestures
Does your child reciprocate affectionate gestures from you
Does your child look directly at your face on request
If you point at something far away, does your child look in that direction
Does your child watch rotating objects such as a fan or wheels for long periods
Does your child show repetitive purposeless finger movements
Does your child respond when called by name
If you point at something nearby, does your child look in that direction
Does your child join in a play of another child
Does your child point and show something that interests him
Does your child often appear as if he is in his own world
Table 2 Characteristics of children who participated in the study
VariableGroup 1 n = 45Group 2 n = 30Group 3 n = 30
Mean age in months (range, SD)36.5 (18-48, 12.02)40.2 (18-48, 12.82)31.8 (19-44, 9.77)
Sex
Male38 (84.4)22 (73.3)17 (56.7)
Female7 (15.6)8 (26.7)13 (43.3)
Screening positive (%)40 (88.8)9 (30.0)1 (3.33)
Screening negative (%)5 (11.1)21 (70.0)29 (96.7)
Maternal education
Primary education3 (6.7)2 (6.7)6 (20.0)
Secondary education19 (42.2)22 (73.3)22 (73.3)
Tertiary education23 (51.1)6 (20.0)2 (6.7)
Table 3 Performance of Pictorial autism assessment schedule in discriminating between autism spectrum disorder, non-autism spectrum disorder developmental delay/disorder and typical development
ResultGroup 1 (n = 45) vs Group 2 (n = 30)Group 1 (n = 45) vs Group 3 (n = 30)
Sensitivity88.80%88.00%
Specificity60.70%93.30%
PPV78.40%95.20%
NPV77.20%84.00%
LR+2.2613.3
LR-0.180.12