Inflammatory fibroid polyps in children: A new case report and a systematic review of the pediatric literature

Table 1 Demographics, clinical characteristics, diagnostic tools and treatment of inflammatory fibroid polyp in children

Ref.	Sex	Age (yr)	Clinical/laboratory	Diagnostic tools	Location	Size (cm)	Morphology	Treatment	Histology/immunohistochemistry	Follow-up
Samter et al[3]	Male	4	Acute abdomen	X-ray	Transverse colon	3.5 × 3.5 × 3	Peduncolated	Resection of transverse colon (7 cm), including a perforated diverticulum proximal to an obstructive intraluminal polyp	Granulation tissue containing an infiltrate of plasma cells Europhiles, lymphocytes and eosinophils; the predominant cells were stellate and spindle-shaped cells with plump vesicular nuclei an even chromatin distribution; numerous blood vessels	Alive and free from disease
Samter et al[3]	Female	8	Vomiting, diarrhea, cherry colored stools, palpable mass in RLQ1, hypochromic anemia	X-ray	Jejunum	5 × 3.7 × 3	Sessile	Resection of jejunum (12 cm)	Closely packed collagen fibers, and spindle-shaped cells with vesicular nuclei; inflammatory infiltrated composed by neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils	Alive and free from disease
Persoff et al[4]	Male	3	Intermittent crampy abdominal pain and vomiting	X-ray Upper gastrointestinal series	Ileum	3	Peduncolated	Resection of ileum, including an ileo-ileal intussusception on intraluminal polyp	Proliferating edematous fibro vascular tissue diffusely infiltrated with inflammatory cells, many of with eosinophils, that involved all layers of the bowel wall except the mucosa	Alive and free from disease
Pollice et al[5]	Male	8	Recurrent enterorrhagy, anemia	Colonoscopy	Rectum	3 × 1.5	Sessile	Resection of rectum (7 cm)	Fibrous connective tissue with collagenous fibers arranged in large bundles; the inflammatory infiltrates consisted mainly of plasma cells and lymphocytes; numerous thin walled capillaries, sometimes dilated	Alive and free from disease
Schroeder et al[6]	Female	5	Epigastric pain, weakness, splenomegaly, hypocromic anemia	Ultrasound,	Stomach	Several cm	Endoexophytic	Subtotal gastrectomy	Not reported	Alive and free from disease
				CT
Chongsrisawat et al[7]	Female	4	Fever, arthralgia and severe anemia (Hb 3.9 g/dL)	Upper gastrointestinal series	Stomach	5 × 8	Sessile	Partial gastrectomy	Proliferative fibroblast and blood vessels admixed with mixed inflammatory cell infiltrated in stroma	Alive and free from disease
Our patient	Male	3	Asthenia, anorexia, hypochromic anemia, eoshinophylia	Upper GI endoscopy MRI EUS with FNA	Duodenum	3.7	Sessile	Partial “en bloc” with the tumor duodenectomy	Inflammatory infiltrates rich in eosinophils and stromal spindle-shaped cells, with no evidence of mitosis and necrotic areas	Alive and free from disease

CT: Computed tomography; GI: Glycemic index; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; FNA: Fine needle aspiration.