Spigelian hernia in children: A systematic review

Table 2 Summary table of literature review data of patients with Spigelian hernia associated with undescended testis

Ref.	Year	Age	Side	Contents of the hernia	Inguinal canal	Gubernaculum	Procedure	Complication
Graivier et al[41], 1978		6 months	Right	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
		9 months	Left	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
Podkamenev et al[47], 1986		10 months	Right	Testicle, small intestine			Open with orchidopexy and bowel resection	Strangulated hernia
Grechanyĭ and Gruminskiĭ[48], 1990		9 months	Right	Testicle, colon & small intestine	Absent		Open with orchidopexy	Strangulated hernia
Pul and Pul[1], 1994		18 months	Right	Testicle, small intestine			Open with orchidopexy
Silberstein et al[35], 1996		70 days	Left	Testicle, small intestine	Absent		Open with orchidopexy
		4.5 months	Right	Testicle, small intestine	Absent	Absent	Open with orchidopexy
Ostlie and Zerella[59]	1998	5 month	Right	Testicle	Absent	Absent	Open with orchidopexy
Al-Salem[2]	2000	3 months	Left	Testicle, colon	Absent	Absent	Open with orchidopexy
		7 days	Left	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
Levy et al[26]	2003	30 days	Bilateral	r – testicle, small intestine, l - testicle			Open with orchidopexy
		35 days	Left	Testicle, small intestine			Open with orchidopexy
Raveenthiran[8]	2005	55 days	Right	Testicle, colon	Absent		Open with orchidopexy
Torres de Aguirre et al[54]	2005	26 days	Right	Testicle, small intestine	Absent	Absent	Open with orchidopexy	Strangulated hernia
		40 days	Bilateral	r – testicle, small intestine, l – Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
Durham and Ricketts[36]	2006	8 months	Left	Testicle	Absent	Absent	Open with orchidopexy	Scrotal abscess
		13 months	Bilateral	Testicle	Absent	Absent	Open with orchidopexy
		14 months	Bilateral	Testicle	Absent	Absent	Open with orchidopexy
		2 months	Right1	Testicle	Absent	Absent	Open with orchidopexy
Rushfeldt et al[30]	2010	16 days	Right	Testicle, small intestine		Absent	Open with orchidopexy
Singal[58]	2011	3 year	Right	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
		3 months	Left	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
Bilici et al[31]	2012	6 months	Bilateral	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
		1 year	Right	Testicle	Absent	Absent	Open with orchidopexy
		2 years	Left	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
		5 years	Left	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
Inan et al[60], 2012		20 days	Right	Testicle	Absent	Absent	Open with orchidopexy	Scrotal abscess & testicular atrophy
Khan and Islam[32]	2018	9 months	Right	Testicle	Absent	Present	Lap-ass with orchidopexy
Sengar et al[34]	2018	2, 3 years	Right	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
		2 years	Right	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
		1, 6 years	Right	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
		6 days	Left	Testicle			Open with orchidopexy
Deshmukh et al[33]	2019	11 months	Left	Testicle			Lap with orchidopexy
Rashi[39]	2019	18 months	Right	Testicle	Present		Lap with orchidopexy
Taha et al[5]	2021	50 days	Right	Testicle, small intestine			Open with orchidopexy	Testicular retaraction & atrophy

¹Inguinal cryptorchidism on the left. r: On the right side; l: On the left side; Lap: Laparoscopic; Lap-ass: Laparoscopically assisted.