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Dervisbegovic S, Lettner S, Tur D, Laky M, Georgopoulos A, Moritz A, Sculean A, Rausch-Fan X. Adjunctive low-level laser therapy in periodontal treatment - A randomized clinical split-mouth trial. Clin Oral Investig 2025; 29:273. [PMID: 40281339 PMCID: PMC12031778 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-025-06289-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been shown to exert biostimulatory effects, including increased cell proliferation and accelerated wound healing. Hence, the use of LLLT as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for improved periodontal treatment outcomes has been examined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of adjunctive LLLT in the treatment of periodontitis with a 980-nm diode laser. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with a periodontal screening index of 3 or 4 who met the inclusion criteria were recruited and randomized into two groups for treatment allocation in a split-mouth design. The maxillary and mandibular left or right quadrants of the patients were assigned to either the test (SRP + LLLT) or the control (SRP) group. During the two final debridement sessions, LLLT was applied on one side of each study participant´s upper and lower jaws. The reevaluation of the clinical parameters and microbiological assays was performed 12 weeks after the initial therapy. RESULTS Both groups presented significant reductions in clinical parameters (p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant differences between the test and control groups were found for any of the parameters (all p values were greater than 0.05). The recolonization of P. gingivalis and T. denticola was not significantly reduced in the laser group. CONCLUSION The clinical parameters in both groups improved similarly after initial periodontal treatment. LLLT with the chosen settings did not show a beneficial effect during the initial nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE LLLT is under discussion for periodontal therapy as a promising treatment modality. Compared with nonsurgical therapy alone, adjunctive periodontal treatment with a diode laser did not improve the clinical parameters of periodontitis patients in this study. Currently, there is no recommended treatment protocol for adjunctive LLLT in periodontitis, which needs to be further investigated with other laser settings. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN registry (#ISRCTN11275257), retrospectively registered, 16.10.2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Dervisbegovic
- Clinical Division of Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Lettner
- Karl Donath Laboratory, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, StatisticsVienna, Austria
| | - Dino Tur
- Clinical Division of Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Laky
- Clinical Division of Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Apostolos Georgopoulos
- Core Facility Oral Microbiology and Hygiene, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Moritz
- Clinical Division of Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Clinical Division of Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Center for Clinical Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Ribeiro IM, de Souza Barroso ME, Kampke EH, Braga LTF, Campagnaro BP, Meyrelles SDS. Infrared laser therapy decreases systemic oxidative stress and inflammation in hypercholesterolemic mice with periodontitis. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:171. [PMID: 37817126 PMCID: PMC10566050 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01934-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near-infrared irradiation photobiomodulation (NIR-PBM) has been successfully used in periodontal treatment as an adjuvant tool to locally improve cell function and regeneration. Although the relationship between periodontitis and systemic disease constitutes an important aspect of periodontal clinical research, the systemic effects of NIR-PBM in periodontitis are not well known. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of NIR-PBM on systemic oxidative stress and inflammation in an apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mouse model of periodontal disease (PD). METHODS We evaluated alveolar bone loss by measuring the distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar bone crest (ABC), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in blood cells, inflammatory activity, plasma cholesterol levels, and lipid peroxidation levels in three experimental groups: (1) ApoEC, control group without intervention; (2) ApoEP, first molar ligation-induced periodontitis for 4 weeks; and (3) ApoEP + PBM, exposed to 808 nm continuous wave, ø ~ 3 mm2, 100 mW, 60 s of NIR-PBM for 7 consecutive days after 4 weeks of periodontitis. At the end of the experimental protocols, ApoEP mice presented significantly increased alveolar bone loss, ROS production, inflammatory activity, plasma cholesterol, and lipid peroxidation levels compared to the ApoEC group (P < 0.05). NIR-PBM for 7 days in the ApoEP + PBM mice significantly decreased systemic ROS production, inflammatory response, plasma cholesterol, and lipid peroxidation levels, similar to those found in the ApoEC group (P > 0.05). However, it was not capable of preventing alveolar bone loss (P > 0.05 compared to ApoEP mice). CONCLUSION A 7-day treatment with NIR-PBM effectively reduces systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters in hypercholesterolemic mice with PD. However, more studies with longer evaluation times are needed to confirm the systemic effects of locally applied NIR-PBM on PD associated with hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Martins Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, 29.043-900, ES, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Souza Barroso
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, 29.043-900, ES, Brazil
| | - Edgar Hell Kampke
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, 29.043-900, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Prandi Campagnaro
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, 29102-920, ES, Brazil
| | - Silvana Dos Santos Meyrelles
- Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, 29.043-900, ES, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, 29.043-900, ES, Brazil.
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Theodoro LH, Marcantonio RAC, Wainwright M, Garcia VG. LASER in periodontal treatment: is it an effective treatment or science fiction? Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e099. [PMID: 34586213 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several studies that evaluate the use of lasers in periodontal treatment in non-surgical or surgical therapy. However, while several studies showed clinically beneficial effects of some lasers in periodontal treatment, there are few clinical reports of additional advantages of lasers as adjunctive treatments in periodontology. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate and critically analyze the level of scientific evidence of effects of low-level lasers and high-power lasers in periodontology. A narrative review of the studies was carried out in each topic and type of laser or periodontal treatment. In nonsurgical periodontal therapy the results showed that there is an additional clinical benefit when using a diode laser (DL) associated with scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. The Er:YAG laser seems to be the most suitable for nonsurgical periodontal therapy and promotes the same clinical effects as conventional therapy. In periodontal surgery vaporization of the gingival or mucosal tissue can be carried out with DL, CO2, Nd:YAG, Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers. Photobiomodulation (PBM), mediated by low-level lasers associated with non-surgical periodontal therapy, promotes additional benefits in the short term and accelerates the bone and gingival tissue repair process and also reduces postoperative symptoms of periodontal surgery. The effect of antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy is relevant in the initial reevaluation periods. Studies have shown controversial results of the use of lasers in periodontics, and this fact may be due to the lack of standard parameters of irradiation in each clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Helena Theodoro
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, School of Dentistry, Department of Diagnostic and Surgery, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mark Wainwright
- Liverpool John Moores University, School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | - Valdir Gouveia Garcia
- Latin American Institute of Dental Research and Education - Ilapeo, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Ali M, Yang F, Plachokova AS, Jansen JA, Walboomers XF. Application of specialized pro-resolving mediators in periodontitis and peri-implantitis: a review. Eur J Oral Sci 2021; 129:e12759. [PMID: 33565133 PMCID: PMC7986752 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Scaling and root planning is a key element in the mechanical therapy used for the eradication of biofilm, which is the major etiological factor for periodontitis and peri‐implantitis. However, periodontitis is also a host mediated disease, therefore, removal of the biofilm without adjunctive therapy may not achieve the desired clinical outcome due to persistent activation of the innate and adaptive immune cells. Most recently, even the resident cells of the periodontium, including periodontal ligament fibroblasts, have been shown to produce several inflammatory factors in response to bacterial challenge. With increased understanding of the pathophysiology of periodontitis, more research is focusing on opposing excessive inflammation with specialized pro‐resolving mediators (SPMs). This review article covers the major limitations of current standards of care for periodontitis and peri‐implantitis, and it highlights recent advances and prospects of SPMs in the context of tissue reconstruction and regeneration. Here, we focus primarily on the role of SPMs in restoring tissue homeostasis after periodontal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhanad Ali
- Department of Dentistry, Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Dentistry, Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Adelina S Plachokova
- Department of Dentistry, Implantology and Periodontology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - John A Jansen
- Department of Dentistry, Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - X Frank Walboomers
- Department of Dentistry, Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Muniz FWMG, Silva BFD, Goulart CR, Silveira TMD, Martins TM. Effect of adjuvant bisphosphonates on treatment of periodontitis: Systematic review with meta-analyses. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2021; 11:158-168. [PMID: 33537188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous systematic reviews showed additional benefit of adjuvant bisphosphonates (BP) in the treatment of periodontitis. In contrast, it is unclear the effect of BP in patients with diabetes and smokers, its pooled effect when administered locally or systemically is also unknown. Objectives This study aimed to systematically review the literature about the use of BP as adjuvant to nonsurgical scaling and root planning (SRP). Methodology This study followed the PRISMA guideline. This study included randomized clinical trials that administered locally or systemically BPs as adjuvant for periodontal treatment. Five databases were used. Meta-analyses were performed, using the pooled mean differences (MD) for clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD). Standard mean difference (SMD) was used for radiographic assessment (RADIO). Subgroup analyses were performed for locally delivered meta-analyses, considering diabetes and smoking exposure. Results Thirteen studies were included. It was showed MD of 1.52 mm (95%CI: 0.97-2.07) and 1.44 mm (95%CI: 1.08-1.79) for PPD reduction and CAL gain, respectively, for locally delivered BP. BP was not able to provide significant improvements in smokers (subgroup analysis) when considering CAL (MD: 1.37; 95%CI: -0.17-2.91) and PPD (MD: 1.35; 95%CI: -0.13-2.83). Locally delivered BP also improved significantly the RADIO assessments (SMD: 4.34; 95%CI: 2.94-5.74). MD for systemically administered BP was 0.40 mm (95%CI: 0.21-0.60), 0.51 mm (95%CI: 0.19-0.83) and 1.05 (95%CI: 0.80-1.31) for PPD, CAL and RADIO, respectively. Conclusion The administration of BP in adjunct to SRP may result in additional clinical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernardo Franco da Silva
- School of Dentistry, Federal University Pelotas, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
| | - Conrado Richel Goulart
- School of Dentistry, Federal University Pelotas, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Marchi Martins
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
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Pereira SRA, de Oliveira ICV, Vieira RC, Silva MML, Branco-de-Almeida LS, Rodrigues VP. Effect of photobiomodulation therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in a rat model of ligature-induced periodontitis: a histological and radiographic study. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:991-998. [PMID: 31955304 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-02952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to histologically and radiographically evaluate the effectiveness of low-intensity laser irradiation of different wavelengths (660 or 808 nm) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of experimental periodontitis in rats. Periodontitis was induced by placing a ligature around the mandibular first molar of the rats. In total, 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8 each): control (CG), periodontal disease (PD), scaling and root planing (SRP), SRP + 660 nm laser (GL660) and SRP + 808 nm laser (GL808). Groups with laser use received radiation at 6 points in the first molar. The animals were euthanized at baseline and at 7 and 14 days after the interventions. Mandibles were surgically removed for histomorphometric and radiographic assessment of periodontal tissues. The GL660 group showed lesser bone loss than the PD group (P < 0.05) and greater alveolar bone margin after 14 days, indicating a better long-term treatment response (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that SRP with the 660 nm laser as an adjunct results in more favorable radiographic and histological responses than the 808 nm laser.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rayane Cunha Vieira
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, CEP 65080-805, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vandilson Pinheiro Rodrigues
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Maranhão, Avenida dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA, CEP 65080-805, Brazil.
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Gholami L, Asefi S, Hooshyarfard A, Sculean A, Romanos GE, Aoki A, Fekrazad R. Photobiomodulation in Periodontology and Implant Dentistry: Part 1. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:739-765. [PMID: 31750783 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
(Part 2 of this article can be located at www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/photob.2019.4731.) Objective: Finding evidence-based treatment strategies for low-level light therapy (LLLT) and the correct incorporation of these treatment methods in the clinical practice of periodontics. Background: Photobiomodulation has been shown to have biostimulatory, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects that can be beneficial in periodontal and dental implant treatment procedures. Methods: In this review we have addressed some clinical questions regarding the potential clinical application of low-level light irradiation and its photobiomodulatory effects in periodontology and implantology. The literature was searched for in vivo (animal or clinical) articles written in English in four electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library until April 2019. Only studies with low irradiation doses without any thermal effects used only for their photobiomodulatory purposes were included. Results: We were able to find relevant studies for all of our questions, and positive effects for the application of light therapy were reported in most of the studies. However, there is still great deal of heterogeneity in terms of study designs and most importantly in light irradiation devices and the parameters used. Owing to this issue it was not possible to reach specific evidence-based irradiation protocols for the questions addressed in this review. Conclusions: Based on our search results, an obvious positive effect of LLLT on stimulation of healing of periodontal soft and hard tissues and reduction of inflammation can be seen. Future well-designed randomized control studies with the same irradiation settings and systematic reviews evaluating the studies found on the questions mentioned are necessary to reach evidence-based recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gholami
- Dental Implants Research Center, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sohrab Asefi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirarsalan Hooshyarfard
- Dental Implants Research Center, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Georgios E Romanos
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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Hemaid S, Saafan A, Hosny M, Wimmer G. Enhancement of Healing of Periodontal Intrabony Defects Using 810 nm Diode Laser and Different Advanced Treatment Modalities: A Blind Experimental Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:1847-1853. [PMID: 31316672 PMCID: PMC6614254 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the early stage of bone healing was demonstrated as a positive local biostimulative effect. It was also shown that platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and nanohydroxyapatite alloplast (NanoHA) are effective in treating periodontal intrabony defects. AIM The study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of LLLT (810 nm), PRF and NanoHA on induced intrabony periodontal defects healing. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted on 16 defects in 8 adult male rabbits (n = 16) divided into 4 groups; Control non-treated group (C), laser irradiated control group (CL), PRF+NanoHA graft (NanoHA-Graft+PRF) treated group and laser irradiated and treated group (NanoHA-Graft+PRF+L). CT radiography was made at baseline, 15 and 30 days later. The defects were induced in the form of one osseous wall defects of 10 mm height, 4 mm depth between the 1st and the 2nd molars using a tapered fissure drill coupled to a high-speed motor. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA. RESULTS (NanoHA-Graft+PRF+L) group significantly produced bone density higher than C, CL and NanoHA-G+PRF alone. CONCLUSION The combination of LLLT+PRF+NanoHA as a treatment modality induced the best results in bone formation in the bone defect more than LLLT alone or PRF+NanoHA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrief Hemaid
- Dental Laser Applications, Department of Medical Applications of Laser, National Institute for Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali Saafan
- Dental Laser Applications, Department of Medical Applications of Laser, National Institute for Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal Hosny
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gernot Wimmer
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Meduni Graz, Graz, Austria
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Uslu MÖ, Eltas A, Marakoğlu İ, Dündar S, Şahin K, Özercan İH. Effects of diode laser application on inflammation and mpo in periodontal tissues in a rat model. J Appl Oral Sci 2018; 26:e20170266. [PMID: 30020350 PMCID: PMC6089569 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, we aimed to histologically and immunologically evaluate the effect of diode laser treatment when applied adjunctive to scaling and root planing (SRP) in an experimental periodontitis model. Materials and methods We used Wistar-Albino rats (n=60) with average weight of 230 g. Experimental periodontitis was induced by ligature at the right and left first mandibular molar teeth in all rats. After 11 days, the ligature was removed and rats were divided into two groups. The control group (n=30) received only SRP treatment, while the laser group (n=30) received a diode laser (GaAlAs, 810 nm, 1 W, 10 J, 20 s) treatment adjunctive to SRP. Ten rats in each group were sacrificed after 7, 15, and 30 days. Histopathological examination was performed in the left mandible of rats. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) was evaluated by western blot in the gingival specimens from the right mandible. Results MPO levels in the laser group were statistically significantly lower compared with the control group (p≤0.05). There was no statistically significance at any time between MPO levels in the control group (p>0.05). MPO levels in the laser group at the 7th day were statistically significantly higher compared to the 15th (p≤0.05) and the 30th day (p≤0.05). Inflammatory cell infiltration decreased over time in both groups and was statistically significantly lower in the laser group than in the control group at all times (p≤0.01). Conclusions Within the limits of this study, we suggest that diode laser application is an adjunctive treatment because it reduced inflammation and MPO when applied in addition to SRP. On the other hand, more studies are needed for the assessment of the effects of diode laser application to periodontal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Özay Uslu
- Inonu University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Abubekir Eltas
- Inonu University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Malatya, Turkey
| | - İsmail Marakoğlu
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Serkan Dündar
- Firat University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Kazım Şahin
- Firat University, Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Nutrition, Elazığ, Turkey
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Theodoro LH, Longo M, Novaes VCN, Miessi DMJ, Ferro-Alves ML, Ervolino E, de Almeida JM, Garcia VG. Low-level laser and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on experimental periodontitis in rats submitted to chemotherapy by 5-fluorouracil. Support Care Cancer 2017; 25:3261-3271. [PMID: 28488051 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-017-3738-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as adjuvant to mechanical treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP) in adult rats submitted to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy. METHODS EP was induced through ligature around the left mandibular first molar for 7 days. The ligature was removed and the animals separated into groups: EP, no treatment; 5FU, systemic administration of 5-FU (80 and 40 mg/kg); 5FU/scaling and root planing (SRP), systemic application of 5-FU and SRP; 5FU/SRP/LLLT, systemic application of 5-FU, SRP, and LLLT (660 nm, 0.035 W; 29.4 J/cm2); and 5FU/SRP/aPDT, systemic application of 5-FU, SRP, and aPDT (methylene blue irrigation and LLLT). The animals were euthanized 7, 15, and 30 days after treatments. Histological sections from mandibles were processed for histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analysis (TRAP, RANKL, OPG, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10). The alveolar bone loss (BL) area in the furcation region of the mandibular first molar was analyzed histometrically. RESULTS There was less bone loss in 5FU/SRP/aPDT compared with 5FU at 7 days (p < 0.05). The immunohistochemical analysis showed no significant difference for TRAP and osteoprotegerin, but lower RANKL immunolabeling was observed in the 5FU/SRP/LLLT and 5FU/SRP/aPDT groups compared with the 5FU group at 15 days. There was lower TNF-α and IL-6 immunolabeling in the 5FU/SRP/LLLT and 5FU/SRP/aPDT groups and higher IL-10 immunolabeling in 5FU/SRP/aPDT at 30 days. CONCLUSION LLLT and aPDT adjuvant to SRP minimized the effects of 5-FU on periodontal disease. Furthermore, aPDT promoted greater benefits in bone loss control and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Helena Theodoro
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mariéllen Longo
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vivian Cristina Noronha Novaes
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Maria Janjacomo Miessi
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Luiz Ferro-Alves
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Milanezi de Almeida
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Valdir Gouveia Garcia
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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He Y, Zhang L, Zhu Z, Xiao A, Yu H, Gan X. Blockade of cyclophilin D rescues dexamethasone-induced oxidative stress in gingival tissue. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173270. [PMID: 28273124 PMCID: PMC5342226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are frequently used for the suppression of inflammation in chronic inflammatory diseases. Excessive GCs usage is greatly associated with several side effects, including gingival ulceration, the downward migration of the epithelium, attachment loss and disruption of transeptal fibers. The mechanisms underlying GCs-induced impairments in gingival tissue remains poorly understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with various oral diseases, such as chronic periodontitis, age-related alveolar bone loss and hydrogen peroxide-induced cell injury in gingival. Here, we reported an unexplored role of cyclophilin D (CypD), the major component of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), in dexamethasone (Dex)-induced oxidative stress accumulation and cell dysfunctions in gingival tissue. We demonstrated that the expression level of CypD significantly increased under Dex treatment. Blockade of CypD by pharmaceutical inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA) significantly protected against Dex-induced oxidative stress accumulation in gingival tissue. And the protective effects of blocking CypD in Dex-induced gingival fibroblasts dysfunction were evidenced by rescued mitochondrial function and suppressed production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, blockade of CypD by pharmaceutical inhibitor CsA or gene knockdown also restored Dex-induced cell toxicity in HGF-1 cells, as shown by suppressed mitochondrial ROS production, increased CcO activity and decreased apoptosis. We also suggested a role of oxidative stress-mediated p38 signal transduction in this event, and antioxidant N-acety-l-cysteine (NAC) could obviously blunted Dex-induced oxidative stress. These findings provide new insights into the role of CypD-dependent mitochondrial pathway in the Dex-induced gingival injury, indicating that CypD may be potential therapeutic strategy for preventing Dex-induced oxidative stress and cell injury in gingival tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting He
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuoli Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anqi Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqi Gan
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Köse O, Arabaci T, Kizildag A, Erdemci B, Özkal Eminoğlu D, Gedikli S, Özkanlar S, Zihni M, Albayrak M, Kara A, Kermen E. Melatonin prevents radiation-induced oxidative stress and periodontal tissue breakdown in irradiated rats with experimental periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2016; 52:438-446. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Köse
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology; Recep Tayyip Erdogan University; Rize Turkey
| | - T. Arabaci
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology; Atatürk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - A. Kizildag
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology; Pamukkale University; Denizli Turkey
| | - B. Erdemci
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology; Atatürk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - D. Özkal Eminoğlu
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology; Atatürk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - S. Gedikli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Department of Histology and Embriology; Atatürk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - S. Özkanlar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Department of Biochemistry; Atatürk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - M. Zihni
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology; Recep Tayyip Erdogan University; Rize Turkey
| | - M. Albayrak
- Department of Medical Laboratory; Health Services Vocational Training School; Atatürk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - A. Kara
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Department of Histology and Embriology; Atatürk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - E. Kermen
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology; Atatürk University; Erzurum Turkey
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13
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Theodoro LH, Longo M, Ervolino E, Duque C, Ferro-Alves ML, Assem NZ, Louzada LM, Garcia VG. Effect of low-level laser therapy as an adjuvant in the treatment of periodontitis induced in rats subjected to 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. J Periodontal Res 2016; 51:669-80. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. H. Theodoro
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - M. Longo
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - E. Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - C. Duque
- Department of Paediatric and Social Dentistry; São Paulo State University (“Univ Estadual Paulista” - UNESP; Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - M. L. Ferro-Alves
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - N. Z. Assem
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - L. M. Louzada
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - V. G. Garcia
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
- University Centre of the Educational Foundation of Barretos (UNIFEB); Barretos SP Brazil
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14
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Kikuchi T, Mogi M, Okabe I, Okada K, Goto H, Sasaki Y, Fujimura T, Fukuda M, Mitani A. Adjunctive Application of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment: A Review of Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24111-26. [PMID: 26473843 PMCID: PMC4632741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is caused by dental plaque biofilms, and the removal of these biofilms from the root surface of teeth plays a central part in its treatment. The conventional treatment for periodontal disease fails to remove periodontal infection in a subset of cases, such as those with complicated root morphology. Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed as an additional treatment for this infectious disease. Many periodontal pathogenic bacteria are susceptible to low-power lasers in the presence of dyes, such as methylene blue, toluidine blue O, malachite green, and indocyanine green. aPDT uses these light-activated photosensitizer that is incorporated selectively by bacteria and absorbs a low-power laser/light with an appropriate wavelength to induce singlet oxygen and free radicals, which are toxic to bacteria. While this technique has been evaluated by many clinical studies, some systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported controversial results about the benefits of aPDT for periodontal treatment. In the light of these previous reports, the aim of this review is to provide comprehensive information about aPDT and help extend knowledge of advanced laser therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kikuchi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Makio Mogi
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Iichiro Okabe
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Okada
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Goto
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Sasaki
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Takeki Fujimura
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Mitsuo Fukuda
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Akio Mitani
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
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15
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De Almeida J, Ervolino E, Bonfietti LH, Novaes VCN, Theodoro LH, Fernandes LA, Martins TM, Faleiros PL, Garcia VG. Adjuvant Therapy With Sodium Alendronate for the Treatment of Experimental Periodontitis in Rats. J Periodontol 2015; 86:1166-75. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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16
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Passanezi E, Damante CA, de Rezende MLR, Greghi SLA. Lasers in periodontal therapy. Periodontol 2000 2014; 67:268-91. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Nagata MJH, de Campos N, Messora MR, Pola NM, Santinoni CS, Bomfim SRM, Fucini SE, Ervolino E, de Almeida JM, Theodoro LH, Garcia VG. Platelet-rich plasma, low-level laser therapy, or their combination promotes periodontal regeneration in fenestration defects: a preliminary in vivo study. J Periodontol 2013; 85:770-8. [PMID: 24001046 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.130318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study histomorphometrically analyzes the influence of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), low-level laser therapy (LLLT), or their combination on the healing of periodontal fenestration defects (PFDs) in rats. METHODS PFDs were surgically created in the mandibles of 80 rats. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: 1) C (control) and 2) PRP, defects were filled with blood clot or PRP, respectively; 3) LLLT and 4) PRP/LLLT, defects received laser irradiation, were filled with blood clot or PRP, respectively, and then irradiated again. Animals were euthanized at either 10 or 30 days post-surgery. Percentage of new bone (NB), density of newly formed bone (DNB), new cementum (NC), and extension of remaining defect (ERD) were histomorphometrically evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed (analysis of variance; Tukey test, P <0.05). RESULTS At 10 days, group PRP presented ERD significantly lower than group C. At 30 days, group PRP presented NB and DNB significantly greater than group C. Groups LLLT, PRP, and PRP/LLLT showed significant NC formation at 30 days, with collagen fibers inserted obliquely or perpendicularly to the root surface. NC formation was not observed in any group C specimen. CONCLUSIONS LLLT, PRP, or their combination all promoted NC formation with a functional periodontal ligament. The combination PRP/LLLT did not show additional positive effects compared to the use of either therapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J H Nagata
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Dental School of Araçatuba, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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A histological evaluation of a low-level laser therapy as an adjunct to periodontal therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus. Lasers Med Sci 2012; 28:19-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bogdanovska L, Kukeska S, Popovska M, Petkovska R, Goracinova K. Therapeutic strategies in the treatment of periodontitis. MAKEDONSKO FARMACEVTSKI BILTEN 2012. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2012.58.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory process which affects the tooth - supporting structures of the teeth. The disease is initiated by subgingival periopathogenic bacteria in susceptible periodontal sites. The host immune response towards periodontal pathogens helps to sustain periodontal disease and eventual alveolar bone loss. Although scaling and root planing is the standard treatment modality for periodontitis, it suffers from several drawbacks such as the inability to reach the base of deep pockets and doesn’t arrest migration of periodontal pathogens from other sites in the oral cavity. In order to overcome the limitations of scaling and root planning, adjunctive chemotherapeutics and host modulatory agents to the treatment are used. These therapeutic agents show substantial beneficial effects when compared to scaling and root planning alone. This review will cover an update on chemotherapeutic and past and future host immune modulatory agents used adjunctively to treat and manage periodontal diseases.
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Bottura P, Milanezi J, Fernandes L, Caldas H, Abbud-Filho M, Garcia V, Baptista M. Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy Combined with Laser and Photodynamic Therapies for Periodontal Disease in Immunosuppressed Rats. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:2009-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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