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Li RX, Asgharvahedi F, Khajehei M. Prevalence of fear of childbirth, its risk factors and birth outcomes in Australian multiparous women. World J Obstet Gynecol 2025; 14:102334. [DOI: 10.5317/wjog.v14.i1.102334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Revised: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 01/17/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of childbirth (FoC) is a widespread issue that impacts the health and well-being of mothers and newborns. However, there is inconsistency regarding the prevalence of FoC in the and there is limited research on the prevalence of FoC among Australian pregnant women.
AIM To investigate the prevalence of FoC, its risk factors and birth outcomes in Australian multiparous women.
METHODS In this prospective cohort quantitative study, 212 multiparous women were recruited from antenatal clinics at Westmead Hospital in western Sydney from 2019 to 2022. Pregnant women who attended antenatal visits and met the inclusion criteria signed the consent forms and completed several online questionnaires at baseline. After they gave birth, their birth outcomes were collected from the hospital’s medical record database. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive statistics, χ2 test, independent samples t-test, and multivariable logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS Out of 212 participants, 24% experienced a high level of FoC and 7% experienced severe FoC. The χ2 test results revealed that a family income of ≤ $100000, no alcohol intake during pregnancy, pre-existing health problems, previous caesarean section (emergency or planned), and previous neutral/traumatic childbirth experiences were significantly associated with higher levels of FoC (P < 0.05). Other risk factors included being moderately to very worried and fearful about the upcoming birth, having severe to extremely severe anxiety throughout pregnancy, and expressing low relationship satisfaction. According to multivariable logistic regression, the odds of a high level of FoC were higher in women with anxiety, a history of traumatic childbirth experience, a history of sexual assault during childhood, pre-existing health problems, and lower relationship satisfaction (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION High-severe levels of FoC are experienced by pregnant multiparous women and are affected by several demographic factors. However, due to the small sample size in the present study, further studies with larger sample sizes are required to draw a firm conclusion on the prevalence of severe FoC among multiparous women and its associated risk factors and birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xin Li
- Department of Women’s and Newborn Health, Westmead Hospital, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Farnoosh Asgharvahedi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marjan Khajehei
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Women’s and Newborn Health, Westmead Hospital, Westmead 2145, Australia
- Westemad Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Women’s and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
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Branjerdporn G, Gillespie KM, Green M, Strong J, Meredith P. Sensory-processing sensitivity, parenting styles, and adult attachment patterns in parents of young children. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39506210 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2024.2419381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased sensitivity to internal and external stimuli, known as sensory-processing sensitivity (SPS), has been linked to attachment insecurity and less optimal parenting styles in parents of children aged 4-13 years. Associations between these parenting factors in parents of children aged 3 years and younger have not yet been investigated. Understanding the relationships between these factors will facilitate the development of strategies to better support highly sensitive parents. METHODS A sample of 153 parents of children aged 3 years and younger completed an online survey comprising standardised measures of SPS, attachment, and infant parenting styles. The underlying factor structure of the Infancy Parenting Styles Questionnaire was investigated. RESULTS Factor analysis identified 33 items loading onto five factors: Discipline, Routine, Anxiety, Nurturance, and Involvement, with moderate to high reliability. SPS was positively correlated with parenting anxiety, attachment anxiety, and attachment avoidance, but did not predict parenting style. Younger parent age was associate with more insecure attachment styles. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that variability in parenting anxiety was predicted only by attachment anxiety and having fewer children. CONCLUSION While SPS was not seen to predict parenting anxiety, relationships between SPS, parenting anxiety, and insecure attachment suggest that strategies tailored to SPS would support highly sensitive parents to care for their children and promote improved parent-child relationships. These strategies may therefore be a beneficial addition to attachment-based parenting programs. Further studies using the Toddler Parenting Styles Questionnaire (TPSQ) are needed to identify optimal parenting styles for parents of infants and toddlers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Branjerdporn
- Mothers, Babies and Women's Health Services, Mater Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - K M Gillespie
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - M Green
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - J Strong
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - P Meredith
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- Occupational Therapy, School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia
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Samra A, Dryer R. Problematic social media use and psychological distress in pregnancy: The mediating role of social comparisons and body dissatisfaction. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:702-711. [PMID: 38897304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy can be experienced as a significant transition for many women with associated body dissatisfaction, depression, pregnancy-related anxiety, and disordered eating attitudes. Problematic Social Media Use (PSMU) creates abundant opportunities for women to compare themselves with others and expose themselves to sociocultural influences which may increase body dissatisfaction and psychological distress. AIMS This study examined whether the relationship between PSMU and psychological distress (defined as depression, pregnancy-related anxiety and disordered eating attitudes) was mediated by negative social comparisons and body dissatisfaction. METHOD A sample of 225 pregnant Australian women (Mage = 31.91 years, SDage = 4.39) recruited online, completed self-report measures related to the variables of interest. RESULTS PSMU was associated with higher levels of depression, pregnancy-related anxiety, and disordered eating attitudes. Negative social comparisons and body dissatisfaction partially mediated the relationship between PSMU and pregnancy-related anxiety and depression, and fully mediated the relationship between PSMU and disordered eating attitudes. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional nature of the study limited our ability to determine the direction of the relationships. Moreover, the recruitment method via social media led to high rates of non-completion. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that problematic social media usage during pregnancy may increase depression, pregnancy-related anxiety and disordered eating attitudes. This study identified potential pathways that may explain this relationship, (via social comparisons and body dissatisfaction). This study highlights the potentially negative impact of social media use amongst expectant mothers and the importance of screening for body dissatisfaction in routine antenatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Samra
- School of Behavioural & Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Rachel Dryer
- School of Behavioural & Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, New South Wales, Australia
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Meng LC, Lin CW, Chuang HM, Chen YY, Shang CY, Wu CY, Chen LK, Hsiao FY. Prescription Patterns and Predisposing Factors of Benzodiazepine and Z-Hypnotic Use During Pregnancy: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2024; 33:e5847. [PMID: 38898542 DOI: 10.1002/pds.5847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of benzodiazepines and Z-hypnotics during pregnancy has raised significant concerns in recent years. However, there are limited data that capture the prescription patterns and predisposing factors in use of these drugs, particularly among women who have been long-term users of benzodiazepines and Z-hypnotics before pregnancy. METHODS This population-based cohort study comprised 2 930 988 pregnancies between 2004 and 2018 in Taiwan. Women who were dispensed benzodiazepines or Z-hypnotics during pregnancy were identified and further stratified into groups based on their status before pregnancy: long-term users (with a supply of more than 180 days within a year), short-term users (with a supply of less than 180 days within a year), and nonusers. Trends in the use of benzodiazepines or Z-hypnotics and concomitant use with antidepressants or opioids were assessed. Logistic regression models were utilized to identify factors associated with use of these drugs during pregnancy, and interrupted time series analyses (ITSA) were employed to evaluate utilization patterns of these drugs across different pregnancy-related periods. RESULTS The overall prevalence of benzodiazepine and Z-hypnotic use was 3.5% during pregnancy. Among prepregnancy long-term users, an upward trend was observed. The concomitant use of antidepressants or opioids among exposed women increased threefold (from 8.6% to 23.1%) and sixfold (from 0.3% to 1.7%) from 2004 to 2018, respectively. Women with unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, such as alcohol abuse (OR 2.48; 95% CI, 2.02-3.03), drug abuse (OR 10.34; 95% CI, 8.46-12.64), and tobacco use (OR 2.19; 95% CI, 1.96-2.45), as well as those with psychiatric disorders like anxiety (OR 6.99; 95% CI, 6.77-7.22), insomnia (OR 15.99; 95% CI, 15.55-16.45), depression (OR 9.43; 95% CI, 9.07-9.80), and schizophrenia (OR 21.08; 95% CI, 18.76-23.69), and higher healthcare utilization, were more likely to use benzodiazepines or Z-hypnotics during pregnancy. ITSA revealed a sudden decrease in use of benzodiazepines and Z-hypnotics after recognition of pregnancy (level change -0.55 percentage point; 95% CI, -0.59 to -0.51). In contrast, exposures to benzodiazepines and Z-hypnotics increased significantly after delivery (level change 0.12 percentage point; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.16). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort study, an increased trend of benzodiazepine and Z-hypnotic use during pregnancy among prepregnancy long-term users, as well as concomitant use with antidepressants or opioids were found. The findings have highlighted the existence of various risk factors associated with the use of these drugs during pregnancy. Utilization patterns varied across different stages of pregnancy, highlighting the need for prescription guidelines and educational services for women using these drugs during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Chieh Meng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Hui-Min Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Drug Relief Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yung Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yung Shang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Wu
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwanese Society of Suicidology, Taiwan Suicide Prevention Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Kung Chen
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital Managed by Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fei-Yuan Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Alnasheet AM, Abdulaal NA, Kamal N. The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pregnancy-Related Anxiety in Bahrain. Cureus 2024; 16:e57404. [PMID: 38694669 PMCID: PMC11062578 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives We aim to estimate the prevalence of anxiety among pregnant women, explore the possible risk factors, and compare the presence of anxiety in each gestational trimester in all pregnant women attending the antenatal care clinics at a tertiary care hospital in Manama, Bahrain. Methods This study followed a cross-sectional research design at the antenatal clinics of Salmaniya Medical Complex in Manama, Bahrain. Direct interviews with 513 participants were conducted using the Pregnancy Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised-2 (PRAQ-R2). Results Most participants (63%) were 25-35 years old. The majority (85.6%) were Bahraini nationals, and 52.2% were university-educated. Almost two-thirds were unemployed, 28.1% had associated chronic comorbidities, 3.1% had associated psychiatric disorders, 15% had a high level of anxiety, and 38% had a moderate level of anxiety. Employed participants had a significantly higher level of anxiety (p=0.022) than housewives/unemployed participants. Participants' levels of anxiety differed significantly according to their gestational age (p=0.043), with the highest anxiety among those in their third trimester (15.7%). Participants' anxiety levels were significantly higher among those with previously complicated pregnancies (p=0.002). Moreover, those with unplanned current pregnancy had significantly higher anxiety levels (p=0.019). Conclusions This study showed that anxiety seems to be a common disorder among pregnant women in Bahrain. It was more prevalent during the third trimester, and its occurrence was associated with the pregnant woman's employment, the occurrence of previously complicated pregnancies, and unplanned current pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nada A Abdulaal
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al Kharj Military Industries Corporation Hospital (AKMICH), Riyadh, SAU
| | - Nahid Kamal
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, BHR
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Haile TT, Kebede AA, Gessesse DN, Tsega NT, Aklil MB, Temesgan WZ, Anteneh TA, Tibebu NS, Alemu HN, Seyoum AT, Tiguh AE, Yismaw AE, Mihret MS, Nenko G, Wondie KY, Taye BT, Abegaz MY. Anxiety and associated factors in Northwest Ethiopian pregnant women: a broad public health concern. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1300229. [PMID: 38259803 PMCID: PMC10800707 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1300229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pregnancy-related anxiety is a prevalent mental health issue that mostly affects women in low-income countries such as Ethiopia. It has been linked to unfavorable pregnancy outcomes, such as miscarriage, prematurity, and low birth weight. However, it has often received less attention, and community-based evidence lacks its prevalence and associated factors. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety in Northwest Ethiopian pregnant women in Gondar city. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 July to 30 August 2021 in Gondar city. A cluster sampling technique was used to select a sample of 872 pregnant women, and in-person interviews were conducted to gather data. Descriptive and analytical statistical procedures were carried out. Results Of the participants, pregnancy-related anxiety was reported in 29.4% (95% CI: 26.3, 32.4) of women. The likelihood of having anxiety was higher among women who had known medical illness (AOR = 3.16; 95% CI: 1.8, 5.35), loneliness (AOR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.34, 4.73), depression (AOR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.48, 3.85), poor social support (AOR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.21, 3.07), and intimate partner violence (AOR = 2.87; 95% CI: 2.04, 4.04). Conclusion In this study, three out of ten women have suffered from anxiety. It is strongly advised to identify and treat known medical illnesses early in pregnancy, enhance social support, diagnose and treat depression, and limit intimate partner violence through multimodal and integrative activities with concerned bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsion Tadesse Haile
- Department of General Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Azmeraw Ambachew Kebede
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Dereje Nibret Gessesse
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Nuhamin Tesfa Tsega
- Department of Women’s and Family Health, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mastewal Belayneh Aklil
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Wubedle Zelalem Temesgan
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tazeb Alemu Anteneh
- Department of Women’s and Family Health, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Nebiyu Solomon Tibebu
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Haymanot Nigatu Alemu
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Asmra Tesfahun Seyoum
- Department of General Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Agumas Eskezia Tiguh
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ayenew Engida Yismaw
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Muhabaw Shumye Mihret
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Goshu Nenko
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kindu Yinges Wondie
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Birhan Tsegaw Taye
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Marta Yimam Abegaz
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Baltacı N, Doğan Yüksekol Ö, Koç E, Ulucan M. The effects of listening to lullabies and self-selected music at home on prenatal stress and anxiety in nulliparous pregnant women: A randomized-controlled study. Health Care Women Int 2023; 45:562-578. [PMID: 37010820 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2023.2196510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
To compare the effects of nulliparous pregnant women listening to lullabies and self-selected music on reducing the anxiety and antenatal stress. This was a randomized controlled study. Lullaby group (LG) (n = 40) listened to the lullaby chosen by the researcher, mixed music group (MG) (n = 40) listened to self-selected music and control group (CG) (n = 40) received general care. Post-test anxiety and stress levels was lower in two intervention groups versus CG (p < 0.01). Post-test anxiety was lower in the MG versus LG (p < 0.01), however post-test stress levels were similar. Pregnant women listening to self-selected music at home is more effective in reducing anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazlı Baltacı
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Özlem Doğan Yüksekol
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Emine Koç
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Mihriban Ulucan
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
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Anxiety during the pregnancy and affecting factors: a cross-sectional study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023; 307:301-309. [PMID: 35585212 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies have shown that anxiety in the perinatal period leads to preterm birth and negatively affects mother and fetus. Understanding prenatal anxiety and associated factors may help develop screening strategies to identify high-risk women needing intervention during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to determine the pregnancy-related, state, and trait anxiety in the prenatal period and affecting factors. METHODS This descriptive study was conducted with 203 pregnant women between May 20 and November 30, 2019. Data were collected using socio-demographic and obstetrics characteristics data collection form, Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised-2 (PRAQ-R2), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-I and II (STAI-I and STAI-II). RESULTS We found statistically significant correlations between age, employment, and parity with fear of giving birth subscale of PRAQ-R2. Pregnant women's mean scale scores were 35.42 ± 9.11 for STAI-I, 42.21 ± 8.21 for STAI-II, and 25.63 ± 8.58 for PRAQ-R2. We found a positive correlation between PRAQ-R2 scale scores and STAI-I, STAI-II scale scores of pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS Age, parity, income, planning status of the pregnancy, and employment status affected the anxiety levels of pregnant women. Assessing the anxiety with multiple validated tools helps clarify the cause of the anxiety and allows to plan appropriate interventions.
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Tarafa H, Alemayehu Y, Nigussie M. Factors associated with pregnancy-related anxiety among pregnant women attending antenatal care follow-up at Bedelle general hospital and Metu Karl comprehensive specialized hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:938277. [PMID: 36213901 PMCID: PMC9537765 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.938277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy-related anxiety (PRA) is an anxiety related to the pregnancy, involving labor and delivery, the well-being of the fetus/infant and the mother, the availability of quality of healthcare resources, and the capacity to parent. There is scarcity of study conducted on magnitude of Pregnancy-related anxiety and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. The main objective of this research was to assess factors associated with Pregnancy-related anxiety among pregnant women attending ANC follow-up at Bedelle general and Metu Karl comprehensive specialized hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was used among pregnant women attending ANC follow-up. Data were collected from 406 sampled pregnant women who were selected through a systematic random sampling technique. Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised (PRAQ-R2) was used to measure the outcome variable. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Logistic regression analyses were done to identify factors associated with Pregnancy-related anxiety and significance level set at p < 0.05. The overall prevalence of PRA in this study was 32.7%. Unwanted pregnancy AOR = 2.77, 95% CI [1.71, 4.54], high perceived stress AOR = 2.39, 95% CI [1.54, 3.62], young age AOR = 2.14, 95% CI [1.49, 2.83], depression AOR = 2.09, 95% CI [1.39, 2.89], low income AOR = 2.01, 95% CI [1.29, 3.14], and poor social support AOR = 1.79, 95% CI [1.14, 3.37] were significantly associated with Pregnancy-related anxiety. The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of Pregnancy-related anxiety was high in the study area and positively associated with young age, low income, poor social support, high perceived stress, depression, and unwanted pregnancy. This finding suggests that clinicians should integrate screening for Pregnancy-related anxiety into clinical standards, more efforts should be made in the future to reduce the anxiety among pregnant women who had an unwanted pregnancy, young women, and poor social support. Also, it is good to encourage the pregnant mother to enhance their social connectedness by creating a self-help group, and increasing early identification of mental health problems throughout their daily ANC follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunde Tarafa
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Metu University, Metu, Ethiopia
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10
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V D, S J N, M AR. Impact of Nested Vark (Visual, Auditory, Read, Kinesthetic) Strategies on Parental Attachment, Anxiety, Maternal and Fetal Outcome Among First Time Childbearing Couples: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2022; 14:e29257. [PMID: 36262939 PMCID: PMC9575618 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Keskin G, Gümüşsoy S, Yıldırım GÖ. Assessment of mental health issues in pregnant women with fetal complications: Relation to attachment and anxiety. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:994-1002. [PMID: 34101838 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pregnancy period is important for all women. The aim of this study was to evaluate mental status, antenatal depression, attachment, and anxiety in pregnant women with fetal complications. DESIGN AND METHODS Mothers who had been diagnosed with fetal complications during pregnancy were interviewed after the delivery of their babies. FINDINGS The results showed that anxiety and depression scores were significantly higher in the mothers who had received psychiatric support treatment. Maternal attachment scores were found low, depression scores were found high in mothers of children with congenital anomalies. CONCLUSION According to the results of the study, a maternal attachment was low and depression was high in mothers with congenital anomalies. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Possible psychological problems after birth can be prevented by psychotherapeutic nursing interventions during pregnancy to pregnant women who have babies with fetal anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gül Ö Yıldırım
- Atatürk Medical Vocational Training School, İzmir, Turkey
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12
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Dryer R, Brunton R, Krägeloh C, Medvedev O. Screening for Pregnancy-Related Anxiety: Evaluation of the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Scale-Screener Using Rasch Methodology. Assessment 2022:10731911221103309. [PMID: 35713016 DOI: 10.1177/10731911221103309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy-related anxiety has been linked to many maternal and child-related negative outcomes. However, there is an absence of free, well-validated screeners for this condition. The Pregnancy-related Anxiety Scale-Screener (PrAS-Screener) was evaluated using robust Rasch methodology. This study also aimed to develop a shorter version to meet the need of settings governed by professional guidelines stipulating the use of brief instruments. Data from 400 pregnant women (Mage = 27.82, SD = 5.38) were subjected to Rasch analyses and the resulting Rasch models confirmed in a second sample (N = 400, Mage = 26.29, SD = 4.95). After minor modifications, the original 15-item PrAS-Screener demonstrated good fit, unidimensionality, excellent targeting, invariance, and internal consistency. After removal of items with content overlap, an 11-item version was developed, with this version showing good fit, unidimensionality, reasonable targeting, and sound internal consistency. The PrAS-Screeners show promise as psychometrically sound clinical scales for screening pregnancy-related anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Dryer
- Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn Brunton
- Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia
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Moderating Effect of Changes in Perceived Social Support during Pregnancy on the Emotional Health of Mothers and Fathers and on Baby’s Anthropometric Parameters at Birth. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9050648. [PMID: 35626825 PMCID: PMC9139256 DOI: 10.3390/children9050648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: this study is based on a model of how changes in protective factors may affect the emotional health of mothers and fathers and thus influence the development of the baby. Our research goal is to determine whether variations in perceived social support moderate levels of stress and depression during pregnancy and/or the effect of parents’ emotional health on the baby’s anthropometric parameters. (2) Methods: to achieve these aims, a longitudinal study was made of 132 couples and babies, who were evaluated at weeks 12 and 32 of gestation and at birth. Separate analyses were performed for the mothers and fathers, focused on the role of social support in moderating their levels of depression and stress during pregnancy, and the consequent impact on the baby. (3) Results: the results obtained show the moderating effects of changes in social support on maternal and paternal stress and depression. Reduced social support during pregnancy is associated with higher levels of stress and depression in both parents and with a high cephalisation index in their babies. (4) Conclusions: special attention should be paid to social support, which can have a strong impact on the evolution of emotional health during pregnancy and concomitantly on the development of the baby.
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14
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Mirzaee F, Hasanpoor-Azghady SB, Amiri-Farahani L. Correlation between religious coping, demographic and fertility factors, and pregnancy anxiety of Iranian primiparous women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:298. [PMID: 35484516 PMCID: PMC9047326 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03922-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety during pregnancy can have side effects for both the mother and the baby. Therefore, it is necessary to study the factors that affect anxiety during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the role of religious coping and demographic and fertility factors in predicting pregnancy anxiety in Iranian primiparous women. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on 300 primiparous women (n = 100 in each trimester of pregnancy) referred to seven health centers affiliated to the Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The sampling method was multistage. It lasted from July 2018 till August 2019. Data collection tools included the demographic and fertility questionnaire, valid and reliable Iranian Religious Coping Scale (IRCS), and standard State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). RESULTS Religious practices, benevolent reappraisal, and active religious coping had a significant inverse relationship with state and trait anxiety. Whereas negative and passive religious coping had a significant direct relationship with state and trait anxiety. The mean scores of state anxiety had a significant relationship with the women's education, spouse's education and occupation, economic status and housing status. There was no relationship between state anxiety and fertility variables. Based on multiple linear regression, negative and active religious coping predicted 27% of state anxiety and 15% of trait anxiety. Among these two variables, the negative religious coping was the more effective in predicting state and trait anxiety. CONCLUSION With increasing positive religious coping, the anxiety of pregnant women decreased. Whereas with increasing negative religious coping, their anxiety increased. Our results emphasize the role of negative religious coping in predicting pregnancy anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foruzan Mirzaee
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Department of Midwifery and Reproductive, Nursing Care Research Center (NCRC), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Batool Hasanpoor-Azghady
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive, Nursing Care Research Center (NCRC), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Leila Amiri-Farahani
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Department of Midwifery and Reproductive, Nursing Care Research Center (NCRC), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Flor-Alemany M, Baena-García L, Migueles JH, Henriksson P, Löf M, Aparicio VA. Associations of Mediterranean diet with psychological ill-being and well-being throughout the pregnancy course: The GESTAFIT project. Qual Life Res 2022; 31:2705-2716. [PMID: 35297499 PMCID: PMC9356938 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-022-03121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The relation between diet and maternal mental health during pregnancy might be relevant to prevent adverse materno-foetal outcomes. This study examined the association of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and MD components with mental health during pregnancy. Methods This secondary analysis of the GESTAFIT trial included longitudinal data from 152 pregnant women. Dietary habits were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire, and MD adherence was derived from it using the Mediterranean Food pattern. Psychological ill-being (i.e., negative affect, anxiety, and depression) and well-being (i.e., emotional intelligence, resilience, positive affect) were assessed with the Spanish version of well-established self-reported questionnaires. Cross-sectional (16th gestational week [g.w.]) and longitudinal associations (34th g.w.) between MD and mental health were studied using linear regression models. Results A greater MD adherence was inversely associated with negative affect and anxiety; and positively associated with emotional regulation, resilience and positive affect at the 16th and 34th g.w. (|β| ranging from 0.179 to 0.325, all p < 0.05). Additionally, a higher intake of whole grain cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish, olive oil and nuts, and a lower intake of red meat and subproducts and sweets were associated with lower negative affect, anxiety, depression and higher emotional regulation, resilience and positive affect throughout gestation (|β| ranging from 0.168 to 0.415, all p < 0.05). Conclusion A higher intake of whole grain cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish, olive oil and nuts, together with a lower intake of red meat and sweets, resulted in a higher MD adherence, which was associated with a better mental health during pregnancy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11136-022-03121-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Flor-Alemany
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. .,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. .,Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.
| | - Laura Baena-García
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Ceuta, Spain
| | - Jairo H Migueles
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,PROFITH "Promoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Pontus Henriksson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Virginia A Aparicio
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain
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16
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Westerneng M, de Jonge A, van Baar AL, Witteveen AB, Jellema P, Paarlberg KM, Rijnders M, van der Horst HE. The effect of offering a third-trimester routine ultrasound on pregnancy-specific anxiety and mother-to-infant bonding in low-risk women: A pragmatic cluster-randomized controlled trial. Birth 2022; 49:61-70. [PMID: 34288070 PMCID: PMC9290476 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Third-trimester routine ultrasounds are increasingly offered to monitor fetal growth. In addition to limited evidence for its clinical effectiveness, little is known about its importance for pregnancy-specific anxiety and mother-to-infant bonding. METHODS 1275 low-risk women participated in a Dutch nationwide pragmatic cluster-randomized trial and answered questionnaires on pregnancy-specific anxiety (PRAQ-R) and prenatal mother-to-infant bonding (MAAS) before and after a third-trimester routine ultrasound was offered to the intervention group. Linear mixed model regression analyses were performed to examine the effect of offering a third-trimester routine ultrasound on pregnancy-specific anxiety and mother-to-infant bonding. In addition, we examined whether the effect depended on maternal background characteristics and level of satisfaction with the ultrasound procedure. RESULTS We found no effect of offering a third-trimester routine ultrasound on pregnancy-specific anxiety and mother-to-infant bonding. However, interaction analyses showed that women with high levels of depressive symptoms at baseline and women who were very satisfied with the ultrasound procedure benefited somewhat more from offering a third-trimester routine ultrasound in terms of mother-to-infant bonding compared with women with low or no depressive symptoms, or less satisfied women. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between offering a third-trimester routine ultrasound with pregnancy-specific anxiety and mother-to-infant bonding is limited. A beneficial effect only applies to some subgroups of women. This implies that, in terms of psychological outcomes, there are no counterarguments to implementing a third-trimester routine ultrasound. Strong evidence for offering all pregnant women a third-trimester routine ultrasound for psychological reasons, however, is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrte Westerneng
- Midwifery ScienceAVAGAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ank de Jonge
- Midwifery ScienceAVAGAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Anke B. Witteveen
- Midwifery ScienceAVAGAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Petra Jellema
- Midwifery ScienceAVAGAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Henriëtte E. van der Horst
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care MedicineAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Baljon K, Romli MH, Ismail AH, Khuan L, Chew BH. Effectiveness of Breathing Exercises, Foot Reflexology and Massage (BRM) on Maternal and Newborn Outcomes Among Primigravidae in Saudi Arabia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Womens Health 2022; 14:279-295. [PMID: 35241937 PMCID: PMC8887672 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s347971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Labor pain and anxiety are important concerns during labor, especially among the primigravidae. It may increase the duration of labor, increase stress hormones, and affect maternal and new-born related outcomes. This study examined the effectiveness of combined breathing exercises, foot reflexology, and massage (BRM) interventions on labor pain, anxiety, labor duration, stress hormone levels, maternal satisfaction, maternal vital signs, and the new-born's APGAR scores. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS This single-blind-parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted at the Maternity and Children Hospital (MCH), Makkah, Saudi Arabia, by recruiting primigravidae aged 20 to 35 years, without any medical complications, and who were block-randomized at six-centimeter cervical dilation and stratified by intramuscular pethidine. The intervention is BRM compared to standard care. The labor pain was measured via present behavioral intensity (PBI) and visual analogue scale (VAS), and the anxiety was measured via Anxiety Assessment Scale for Pregnant Women in Labor (AASPWL). The secondary outcomes were duration of labor, maternal stress hormone levels, maternal vital signs, maternal satisfaction, fetal heart rate, and APGAR scores. All outcomes were measured at multiple time-points during and after contraction at baseline, during BRM intervention, at 60, 120, and 180 minutes post-intervention. Generalized linear mixed models were used to estimate the intervention effects over time. RESULTS A total of 225 participants were randomized for the control (n = 112) and intervention group (113). BRM lowered the labor pain intensity at 60 minutes after intervention during (1.3 vs 3.5, F = 102.5, p < 0.001) and after contraction (0.4 vs 2.4, F = 63.6, p < 0.001) and also lowered anxiety (2.9 vs 4.2, F = 80.4, p < 0.001). BRM correspondingly lowered adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) (133 vs 209 pg/mL, p < 0.001), cortisol (1231 vs 1360 nmol/mL, p = 0.003), and oxytocin (159 vs 121 pg/mL, p < 0.001). It also shortened the labor duration (165 vs 333 minutes, p < 0.001), improved vital signs, which resulted in higher APGAR scores, and increased maternal satisfaction. CONCLUSION The labor unit management could consider adopting BRM as one of the non-pharmacological analgesia for healthy women in labor. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN87414969, registered 3 May 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilya Baljon
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Nursing, Nursing College, Umm, Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Hibatullah Romli
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Adibah Hanim Ismail
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lee Khuan
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Boon-How Chew
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Clinical Research Unit, Hospital Pengajar Universiti Putra Malaysia (HPUPM Teaching Hospital), Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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18
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Duroux M, Stuijfzand S, Sandoz V, Horsch A. Investigating prenatal perceived support as protective factor against adverse birth outcomes: a community cohort study. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2021:1-12. [PMID: 34644205 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2021.1991565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies show that prenatal maternal anxiety may act as a risk factor for adverse birth outcomes, whilst prenatal social support may rather act as a protective factor. However, studies examining prenatal anxiety symptoms, prenatal perceived support, and neonatal and/or obstetric outcomes are lacking. OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether, in a community sample, prenatal perceived support: (1) had a protective influence on birth outcomes (gestational age (GA), birthweight (BW), 5-minute Apgar score, and mode of delivery); (2) acted as a protective factor, moderating the relationship between anxiety symptoms and the aforementioned birth outcomes. METHOD During their third trimester of pregnancy, 182 nulliparous child-bearers completed standardized questionnaires of anxiety (HADS-A) and perceived support (MOS-SSS). Birth outcomes data was extracted from medical records. RESULTS (1) Perceived support did not significantly predict any birth outcomes. However, perceived tangible support - MOS-SSS subscale assessing perceived material/financial aid - significantly positively predicted the 5-minute Apgar score. (2) Perceived support did not significantly moderate the relationship between anxiety symptoms and birth outcomes. However, perceived tangible support significantly moderated the relationship between anxiety symptoms and the 5-minute Apgar score. CONCLUSION When experienced within non-clinical thresholds, prenatal anxiety symptoms do not increase the risk of adverse neonatal and obstetric outcomes when perceived support is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Duroux
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Suzannah Stuijfzand
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare (LUFRS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vania Sandoz
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare (LUFRS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antje Horsch
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare (LUFRS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Yılmaz M, Değirmenci F, Yılmaz DV. A psychosocial examination of feelings and thoughts about pregnancy: A qualitative study. Midwifery 2021; 103:103106. [PMID: 34352598 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2021.103106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND during pregnancy, which is a developmental period, there are risks that may cause pathological changes when physical, mental and social adaptation is not achieved. During antenatal appointments, it is possible to provide necessary care for pregnant women at the right time by screening for risks that threaten health. In addition to physical risk factors, psychosocial risk factors that can have significant effects on the health of pregnant women should also be included in antenatal appointments. A woman's inability to meet her needs or difficulties encountered in psychosocial areas, such as mental health, family relations, social life and job status during pregnancy, may result in mental and social problems as well as physical problems. Insufficient social support, job loss and family communication problems can leave pregnant women vulnerable to stress and cause many pregnancy complications, such as preterm labor. When problems in these areas cannot be detected at an early stage, they can threaten the life of the woman and the fetus. As such, knowledge of the specific feelings and thoughts of pregnant women from a psychosocial perspective will be useful in the evaluation of psychosocial risk factors. PURPOSE to determine the feelings and thoughts of pregnant women from a psychosocial perspective. METHOD this study used a qualitative descriptive approach to investigate pregnancy-related feelings and thoughts in a sample of 23 healthy pregnant women. Data were collected using a personal information form and a semi-structured interview form. The interviews, which were conducted using the semi-structured interview form and individual in-depth interviews, were recorded on a voice recorder. A thematic approach was used to analyze the data. RESULTS according to the results, the mean age of the pregnant women was 30.39 (standard deviation 4.03) years, 73.9% were university graduates and 78.3% were multiparous. Three main themes ('Pregnancy perception', 'Emotions in pregnancy' and 'Psychosocial dimension of pregnancy') and eight subthemes emerged from the data analysis. For 'Pregnancy perception', the subtheme was 'Meaning of pregnancy'. For 'Emotions in pregnancy', the subthemes were 'Emotional status (mood) in pregnancy' and 'Fear in pregnancy'. For 'Psychosocial dimension of pregnancy', the subthemes were 'Reflections of pregnancy on social life', 'Reflections of pregnancy on body image', 'Reflections of pregnancy on sexual life', 'Reflections of pregnancy on marital relationship' and 'Reflections of pregnancy on working life'. CONCLUSIONS in order to protect and maintain the health of the mother and fetus during pregnancy, it is recommended that women should be provided with the best physical and psychosocial care within the context of social and cultural structure, not only in this period but in every stage of their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mualla Yılmaz
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, Mersin University Faculty of Nursing, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Filiz Değirmenci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Nursing, Mersin University Faculty of Nursing, Mersin 33343, Turkey.
| | - Duygu Vefikuluçay Yılmaz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Nursing, Mersin University Faculty of Nursing, Mersin 33343, Turkey
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20
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Çıtak Bilgin N, Coşkun H, Coşkuner Potur D, İbar Aydın E, Uca E. Psychosocial predictors of the fear of childbirth in Turkish pregnant women. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2021; 42:123-131. [PMID: 32116080 DOI: 10.1080/0167482x.2020.1734791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fear of childbirth (FOC) affects women's emotional health, preparation for birth, and outcomes of birth. Identifying the predictors of FOC can aid in identifying strategies for reducing women's FOC. OBJECTIVE This descriptive, cross-sectional study was aimed at determining the psychosocial predictors of FOC in pregnant women. METHODS The participants were 624 nulliparous and multiparous pregnant women in their last trimester. Data were collected using a personal information form, Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire A, Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Prenatal Self-Evaluation Questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of FOC. RESULTS FOC was high among this study's participants and severe for one fifth of them. The psychosocial variables predicting FOC were self-efficacy and trait anxiety level, and spousal support was found to be a mediator variable in the relationship between self-efficacy and FOC. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that psychosocial variables are key to predicting FOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Çıtak Bilgin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Hamit Coşkun
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Psychology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Dilek Coşkuner Potur
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics Gynecology Nursing, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra İbar Aydın
- Woman and Reproductive Health Unit, Bolu Provincial Health Directorate, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Esra Uca
- Mezitli District Health Directorate, Mersin, Turkey
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21
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Prevalence and Correlates of Prenatal Depression, Anxiety and Suicidal Behaviours in the Volta Region of Ghana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115857. [PMID: 34072525 PMCID: PMC8198850 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy is associated with several physical and psychosocial challenges that influence women's health and wellbeing. However, prenatal mental health has received little attention. Therefore, this study examined the prevalence and correlates of prenatal depression, anxiety and current suicidal behaviors among pregnant women in the Volta Region of Ghana. Two hundred and fourteen (n = 214) pregnant women recruited from two hospitals responded to the hospital depression and anxiety scale (HADS), the insomnia severity index, and a set of psycho-behavioral, socioenvironmental and demographic characteristic questions. Chi-squared, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for data analysis. Prevalence of prenatal depression, anxiety and current suicidal behaviors was 50.5%, 35.5% and 3.3%, respectively. After controlling for other variables, average monthly income, insomnia, non-nutritious food consumption (pica), and body image satisfaction were significantly associated with depression. Marital status, insomnia, lifetime suicidal behavior and partner support were significantly associated with anxiety. Current partner abuse was the only factor significantly associated with current suicidal behavior. The high prevalence rates of anxiety and depression among pregnant women and intimate partner violence remain important maternal health issues in the region. Therefore, brief mental health screening and counseling services should be integrated into prenatal healthcare services.
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22
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Veronica PA, Enggar, Lastri GH, Rafiah S. The effect of prenatal yoga on the anxiety level of pregnant women. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2021. [PMID: 33040934 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was to determine the effect of prenatal yoga on the anxiety level of third trimesters pregnant women in the Singgani Health Center before and after being given yoga pregnancy. METHOD The method in this study is a type of pre-experimental research that uses the one group pre-test - post-test approach. The samples in this study were 48 subjects using a purposive sampling technique. Prenatal yoga was given to third trimesters pregnancy gestational weeks 30-37 age; the level of anxiety of pregnant women was measured by Interviews using questionnaires. Analysis in the study used the Wilcoxon test. RESULTS Before the intervention of yoga, pregnancy has severe anxiety that is equal to 58.3%, mothers who are not anxious 2.1%, mild anxiety levels 2.1%, mothers who have moderate anxiety levels of 37.5%. After pregnancy yoga, most mothers had a mild anxiety level of 54.1%, mothers who did not have the anxiety of 16.7%, and mothers who had moderate and severe anxiety levels of 14.6% each. Wilcoxon test showed significant statistics. CONCLUSION This study indicated that prenatal yoga could influence the anxiety level of pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enggar
- Akademi Kebidanan Palu, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia
| | | | - Sitti Rafiah
- Department of Midwifery, Graduate School, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia.
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23
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Shorey SY, Ng ED, Chee CYI. Anxiety and depressive symptoms of women in the perinatal period during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scand J Public Health 2021; 49:730-740. [PMID: 33966511 DOI: 10.1177/14034948211011793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The prevalence of perinatal anxiety and depressive symptoms have been speculated to increase during an infectious disease outbreak but remains unknown in the context of the COVID-19 situation. Therefore, this review aimed to examine the prevalence of antenatal and postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms among pregnant women and postpartum mothers during the COVID-19 period. METHODS Six electronic databases were systematically searched for articles from November 2019 to December 2020. Twenty-six observational studies and brief reports were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Overall, the prevalence of anxiety was greater than depression in both antenatal and postnatal periods, and the prevalence of depression was higher in the antenatal period than the postnatal period. The pooled prevalence for antenatal anxiety symptoms, antenatal depressive symptoms and postnatal depressive symptoms were 40% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.27-0.52), 27% (95% CI: 0.20-0.33) and 17% (95% CI: 0.10-0.24), respectively. Europe (56%, 95% CI: 0.28-0.85) had significantly higher prevalence of antenatal anxiety than Asia (16%, 95% CI: 0.09-0.23). CONCLUSIONS The heightened prevalence of perinatal psychological disorders served as an impetus for healthcare professionals and policy makers to ramp up their support and mitigation strategies for pregnant women and mothers in times of health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefal Y Shorey
- Alice Lee Center for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esperanza D Ng
- Alice Lee Center for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cornelia Y I Chee
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
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McDonald HM, Sherman KA, Kasparian NA. A mediated model of mindful awareness, emotion regulation, and maternal mental health during pregnancy and postpartum. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1908846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nadine A. Kasparian
- Cincinnati Children’s Centre for Heart Disease and Mental Health, Heart Institute and the Division of Behavioral Medicine & Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Shangguan F, Wang R, Quan X, Zhou C, Zhang C, Qian W, Zhou Y, Liu Z, Zhang XY. Association of Stress-Related Factors With Anxiety Among Chinese Pregnant Participants in an Online Crisis Intervention During COVID-19 Epidemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:633765. [PMID: 33995188 PMCID: PMC8119994 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.633765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous systematic review indicated the prevalence of prenatal anxiety as 14–54%. Pregnant women are a high-risk population for COVID-19. However, the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and related factors is unknown in Chinese pregnant women during COVID-19 outbreak. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and the related factors in Chinese pregnant women who were attending crisis intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The data of this cross-sectional study were collected in about 2 months (February 28 to April 26, 2020). Data analysis was performed from April to May 2020. Participants completed a set of questionnaires via the Wechat Mini-program before starting the online self-help crisis intervention for COVID-19 epidemic. A total of 2,120 Chinese pregnant women who were attending a self-help crisis intervention participated in this study. A survey was developed to address possible stress-related factors in pregnant women during the COVID-19 outbreak, including demographic, socioeconomic, and pregnancy-related factors, as well as COVID-19 related factors. Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale and the 10-item perceived stress scale were, respectively, employed to measure anxiety and stress-related factors. Results: A total of 21.7% (459) of pregnant women reported at least mild anxiety (≥5 on the GAD-7 scale), and only 82 women reported moderate to severe anxiety (≥10 on the GAD-7 scale). Factors associated with at least mild anxiety included living in Hubei province (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.32–2.13), nobody providing everyday life support (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.18–2.77), pelvic pain or vaginal bleeding (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.32–2.09), and higher perceived stress (OR = 6.87, 95% CI = 5.42–9.02). Having relatives or neighbors with a diagnosis of COVID-19 was not associated with anxiety (p > 0.05). Conclusions and Relevance: Our findings indicate that evaluation and intervention for maternal and infant health are necessary in pregnant women with anxiety during COVID-19 epidemic, especially those with higher perceived stress, less everyday life support, or vaginal bleeding. Interactions among these related medical, social and psychological factors need to be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Quan
- School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Bejing, China
| | - Chenhao Zhou
- School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Bejing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Bejing, China
| | - Wei Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, China
| | | | - Zhengkui Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, China
| | - Xiang Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing, China
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Gümüşsoy S, Keskin G, Çiçek Ö, Yiğitoğlu S, Kirazlı G, Yıldırım GÖ. Psychological problem areas of pregnant women diagnosed with abortus imminens as a result of assisted reproductive techniques: A comparative study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:73-81. [PMID: 32367580 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The study was to evaluate the anxiety, depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and perceived social support of women who became pregnant using assisted reproductive techniques and who were both diagnosed or not diagnosed with threatened miscarriage (TM). DESIGN AND METHODS This comparative and descriptive study was carried out with 194 pregnant women with-TM (96) and non-TM (98). The study data were collected using the Pregnant-Women-Information-Form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). FINDINGS Women in the TM group were found to have higher mean scores from the BDI, BAI, and BHS, and a lower mean score from the MSPSS compared to the non-TM group (The group with TM had higher levels of anxiety, depression, and hopelessness than the group without TM, and the level of perceived social support by this group was lower). It was found that there was a strongly significant positive correlation in both groups between the BDI and BAI, and between the BDI and BHS. A strongly significant negative correlation was found between the BDI, BAI, BHS, and MSPSS in the TM group, whereas there was a moderately significant negative correlation in the non-TM group. It was found that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean BDI, BAI, BHS, and MSPSS scores according to age group, educational status, number of interventional in vitro fertilization attempts, and history of depression. In addition, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean BDI, BAI, and BHS scores according to previous abortion and family history of depression in the TM group. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Monitoring symptoms of depression, anxiety, and hopelessness in women diagnosed with TM who have become pregnant after infertility treatment, intervening due to the risk factors involved, may prevent possible mental problems and have a positive impact on the healthy continuation of the pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Süreyya Gümüşsoy
- Atatürk Health Care Vocational School, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Özlem Çiçek
- Faculty of Nursing, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Gülce Kirazlı
- Atatürk Health Care Vocational School, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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Viswasam K, Berle D, Starcevic V. Trajectories and predictors of anxiety symptoms during pregnancy in an Australian sample. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2020; 54:1173-1181. [PMID: 33059463 DOI: 10.1177/0004867420963743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing realisation that anxiety symptoms and disorders during pregnancy are associated with various negative outcomes. The aims of this study were to identify latent classes of anxiety symptom trajectories during pregnancy, compare anxiety levels between pregnancy trimesters and ascertain the predictors of anxiety symptom trajectories. METHODS Two hundred pregnant women in their first trimester who attended obstetric clinics at the local hospital were recruited. Three self-report questionnaires assessing anxiety levels were administered at three time points during pregnancy. Latent class growth analysis was used to identify anxiety symptom trajectories, and logistic regression analysis was performed to ascertain the predictors of latent class membership. RESULTS Data for analyses were available for 188 women. Two anxiety symptom trajectories were identified: a 'high-anxiety' trajectory (13.3% of participating women) and 'low-anxiety' trajectory (86.7%). This finding was consistent across all the anxiety measures used in the study. Overall, anxiety levels gradually decreased during pregnancy, with a significant decrease between the first and second trimesters on some measures. Past mental disorders and significant stressors in the preceding 6 months predicted membership in the 'high-anxiety' trajectory group. CONCLUSIONS These findings support an early assessment of anxiety in pregnant women. If untreated, a high level of anxiety in the first trimester is likely to persist throughout pregnancy, although it may decrease somewhat. An early recognition of pathological anxiety during pregnancy allows its timely treatment and prevention of unfavourable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirupamani Viswasam
- Department of Psychiatry, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,Nepean Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - David Berle
- Discipline of Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vladan Starcevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,Nepean Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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28
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Anderson CM, Brunton RJ, Dryer R. Pregnancy‐related anxiety: Re‐examining its distinctiveness†. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla M. Anderson
- School of Psychology, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn J. Brunton
- School of Psychology, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachel Dryer
- School of Psychology, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia
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Tesfa D, Aleminew W, Tadege M, Digssie A, Abebe B, Abebaw S, Kefale B. Level of Happiness and Its Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in South Gondar Zone Hospitals, North Central Ethiopia. Int J Womens Health 2020; 12:983-991. [PMID: 33177889 PMCID: PMC7652223 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s275709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Happiness is the most indicator of good quality of life particularly for pregnant women. Reduced happiness of pregnant women can result in reduced maternal health services utilization and can result in adverse newborn and maternal outcomes. Assessing the level of happiness and its factors are important for pregnant women and the next generation. Hence, the current research paper aimed to assess the level of happiness and its associated factors among pregnant women who attended antenatal care follow-up in South Gondar Zone Hospitals. Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2018 to February 2019 among 1606 expectant pregnant women in the last 6 months. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) was used as a measure of the degree of happiness and used four as average person score. Besides, bivariate, multivariable logistic analyses were deployed to identify associations. Results A total of 1606 pregnant women were participating in this study. The prevalence of low level of pregnancy happiness in this study was 24% (95% CI: 20.7 −26.6). Mothers who exposed to unintended pregnancy (AOR; 1.94, CI 95% 1.86–4.52), reported intimate partner violence (AOR; 2.42, 95% CI 1.67–3.54) and being in the third trimester (AOR; 1.89 95% CI 1.19–3.01) were the most predictor variables with the low level of happiness. Conclusion Approximately one-fourth of the pregnant women had a low level of pregnancy happiness. Mothers who were exposed to unintended pregnancy encountered intimate partner violence, who were in the third trimester were the most significant variables associated with a low level of happiness. Governmental and non-governmental organizations work on women’s reproduction rights and the zonal health department with local health offices should educate on the prevention of intimate partner violence and unintended pregnancy and its consequences and also empower women to cope with changes and challenges of pregnancy and childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desalegn Tesfa
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | | | - Melaku Tadege
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Alemayehu Digssie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Bedilu Abebe
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Sofonyas Abebaw
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Belayneh Kefale
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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30
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Chandra PS, Nanjundaswamy MH. Pregnancy specific anxiety: an under-recognized problem. World Psychiatry 2020; 19:336-337. [PMID: 32931120 PMCID: PMC7491640 DOI: 10.1002/wps.20781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Prabha S Chandra
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Madhuri H Nanjundaswamy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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Pregnancy-Related Anxiety, Perceived Parental Self-Efficacy and the Influence of Parity and Age. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186709. [PMID: 32942604 PMCID: PMC7557851 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy-related anxiety is contextualised by pregnancy and is a health concern for the mother and child. Perceived parental self-efficacy is associated with this anxiety and age and parity are identified as influential factors. This research, therefore, predicted that negative perceptions of parental self-efficacy would predict greater pregnancy-related anxiety, moderated by parity and age. Participants (N = 771) were recruited online and assessed for perceived parental self-efficacy, pregnancy-related anxiety, and demographics. Moderation models showed that the psychosocial and sociodemographic factors combined predicted up to 49% of the variance. Parental self-efficacy predicted anxiety in the areas of body image, worry about themselves, baby concerns, pregnancy acceptance, attitudes towards medical staff and childbirth, and avoidance. Parity predicted pregnancy-related anxiety both overall and in childbirth concerns, worry about self, baby concerns and attitudes towards childbirth. Age predicted baby concerns. There was a significant moderation effect for pregnancy acceptance indicating that primiparous women with low perceptions of parental self-efficacy are less accepting of their pregnancy. Results suggest that parity and parental self-efficacy may be risk factors for first-time mothers for pregnancy-related anxiety.
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ÇITAK BİLGİN N. Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Doğuma İlişkin Algıları: Nitel Bir Çalışma. DÜZCE ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI ENSTITÜSÜ DERGISI 2020. [DOI: 10.33631/duzcesbed.718115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Kazemi F, Masoumi SZ, Soltani F, Oshvandi K, Ghelichkhani S, Niazy Z. Postpartum women's perception of stressors in the delivery ward: a qualitative study. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:335. [PMID: 32660523 PMCID: PMC7359504 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Delivery is a challenging event in women's lives. What happens during childbirth is stressful for most women. Regarding the short and long-term effects of stressors of the delivery ward on childbirth and neonatal outcomes, and given that understanding the stressors are influenced by existing social culture and factors, the present qualitative study was conducted to investigate women's perception of stressors in the delivery ward. Participants were 13 newly delivered women who were monitored in the recovery room at the Fatemieh Hospital of Hamadan, Iran. Purposive sampling was performed and continued until data saturation. The data collection method was in-depth and semi-structured. RESULTS The content analysis of qualitative data led to the emergence of two themes of human stressors and environmental stressors as well as four categories; i.e., personal factors, care staff-related factors, environmental factors, and equipment-related factors. The research findings indicated that several personal, environmental, staff-related, and equipment-related factors could lead to stress in the labor and delivery ward. Although ignoring them and increasing stress during childbirth may jeopardize the childbirth consequences, most of them are ignored and overlooked. It is necessary to consider measures to control these factors as much as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Kazemi
- Department of Midwifery, Mother and Child Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi
- Department of Midwifery, Mother and Child Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Soltani
- Department of Midwifery, Mother and Child Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Khodayar Oshvandi
- Department of Midwifery, Mother and Child Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Samereh Ghelichkhani
- Department of Midwifery, Mother and Child Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ziba Niazy
- Department of Midwifery, Mother and Child Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Cortizo R. Prenatal and Perinatal EMDR Therapy: Early Family Intervention. JOURNAL OF EMDR PRACTICE AND RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1891/emdr-d-19-00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This article discusses the integration of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy with a family therapy treatment, which was designed for treating mothers and their babies from conception through the first year of life. The Calming Womb Family Therapy Model (CWFTM) is a multidisciplinary, Integrative, early intervention approach. Its foundations originate from Murray Bowen's family model of understanding the individual in the context of their families as emotional interactive systems; Selma Fraiberg's psychodynamic work and psychoeducational interventions with mothers and infants to resolve maternal trauma and transference reactions to their babies followed by educational guidance in infant development through the first year of their lives; and EMDR therapy. EMDR therapy can improve internal resources for expectant mothers; monitor their levels of psychological distress; and enable them to access and process traumatic memories, other adverse life experiences, recent stressors, and pre-perinatal concerns and bring them to adaptive resolution. EMDR therapy can also help pregnant mothers develop imaginal templates of future events that incorporate in utero developmental prenatal education and deepen their bonds with their babies. The pre-perinatal psychotherapist's knowledge of infant development and capacity for interpersonal warmth, affect tolerance, somatic resourcing, reflective stance, and relational attunement can provide a fertile ground for the expectant mother and womb baby relationship and enriching life together. The ultimate goal is to conceive and rear healthy children.
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Wu Y, Lu YC, Jacobs M, Pradhan S, Kapse K, Zhao L, Niforatos-Andescavage N, Vezina G, du Plessis AJ, Limperopoulos C. Association of Prenatal Maternal Psychological Distress With Fetal Brain Growth, Metabolism, and Cortical Maturation. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e1919940. [PMID: 31995213 PMCID: PMC6991285 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.19940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Prenatal maternal stress is increasingly associated with adverse outcomes in pregnant women and their offspring. However, the association between maternal stress and human fetal brain growth and metabolism is unknown. OBJECTIVE To identify the association between prenatal maternal psychological distress and fetal brain growth, cortical maturation, and biochemical development using advanced 3-dimensional volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study prospectively recruited pregnant women from low-risk obstetric clinics in Washington, DC, from January 1, 2016, to April 17, 2019. Participants were healthy volunteers with a normal prenatal medical history, no chronic or pregnancy-induced physical or mental illnesses, and normal results on fetal ultrasonography and biometry studies. Fetal brain MRI studies were performed at 2 time points between 24 and 40 weeks' gestation. EXPOSURES Prenatal maternal stress, anxiety, and depression. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Volumes of fetal total brain, cortical gray matter, white matter, deep gray matter, cerebellum, brainstem, and hippocampus were measured from 3-dimensional reconstructed T2-weighted MRI scans. Cortical folding measurements included local gyrification index, sulcal depth, and curvedness. Fetal brain N-acetylaspartate, creatine, and choline levels were quantified using 1H-MRS. Maternal stress, depression, and anxiety were measured with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (SSAI), and Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). RESULTS A total of 193 MRI studies were performed in 119 pregnant women (67 [56%] carrying male fetuses and 52 [44%], female fetuses; maternal mean [SD] age, 34.46 [5.95] years) between 24 and 40 gestational weeks. All women were high school graduates, 99 (83%) were college graduates, and 100 (84%) reported professional employment. Thirty-two women (27%) had positive scores for stress, 31 (26%) for anxiety, and 13 (11%) for depression. Maternal trait anxiety was associated with smaller fetal left hippocampal volume (STAI score: -0.002 cm3; 95% CI, -0.003 to -0.0008 cm3; P = .004). Maternal anxiety and stress were associated with increased fetal cortical gyrification in the frontal lobe (β for SSAI score: 0.004 [95% CI, 0.001-0.006; P = .002]; β for STAI score: 0.004 [95% CI, 0.002-0.006; P < .001]; β for PSS score: 0.005 [95% CI, 0.001-0.008; P = .005]) and temporal lobe (β for SSAI score: 0.004 [95% CI, 0.001-0.007; P = .004]; β for STAI score: 0.004 [95% CI, 0.0008-0.006; P = .01]). Elevated maternal depression was associated with decreased creatine (EPDS score: -0.04; 95% CI, -0.06 to -0.02; P = .005) and choline (EPDS score: -0.03; 95% CI, -0.05 to -0.01; P = .02) levels in the fetal brain. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that the prevalence of maternal psychological distress in healthy, well-educated, and employed pregnant women was high, underappreciated, and associated with impaired fetal brain biochemistry and hippocampal growth as well as accelerated cortical folding. These findings appear to support the need for routine mental health surveillance for all pregnant women and targeted interventions in women with elevated psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wu
- Center for the Developing Brain, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Yuan-Chiao Lu
- Center for the Developing Brain, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Marni Jacobs
- Department of Biostatistics and Study Methodology, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Subechhya Pradhan
- Center for the Developing Brain, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Kushal Kapse
- Center for the Developing Brain, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Li Zhao
- Center for the Developing Brain, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | | | - Gilbert Vezina
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | | | - Catherine Limperopoulos
- Center for the Developing Brain, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
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González-Mesa E, Kabukcuoglu K, Körükcü O, Blasco M, Ibrahim N, Cazorla-Granados O, Kavas T. Correlates for state and trait anxiety in a multicultural sample of Turkish and Spanish women at first trimester of pregnancy. J Affect Disord 2019; 249:1-7. [PMID: 30739036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objective of this research was to assess the potential influence of cultural factors on the anxiety levels of a multicultural sample of Spanish and Turkish pregnant women at the beginning of the pregnancy. METHODS Between October and December 2017 a total of 250 Turkish and 264 Spanish pregnant women attending their first pregnancy medical check-up between 10 and 12 weeks of pregnancy in three different cities, Istanbul, Antalya and Malaga, were recruited for study. These women completed a questionnaire that included the Turkish or Spanish validated of the state-trait anxiety Inventory, and a series of questions related to health status, general mood, and sociodemographic variables. RESULTS The mean value for State Anxiety was 47.1 [16-56] (SD 4.2), and mild, moderate and severe State Anxiety was observed in 56.8%, 14.7% and 20.5% of participants, respectively. Mean value for trait anxiety was 46.9 [34-89] (SD 4.6) and 31.4%, 19.7% and 20.2% of participants scored for mild, moderate and severe anxiety respectively. Anxiety scores were significantly higher among Turkish women. In the whole sample, religion, working status, pregnancy planning and perceived partner´s support predicted anxiety at first trimester of pregnancy. Social support and educational level were the most important predictive variables in the Spanish subgroup, while religion, the number of living children and the lack of husband´s support were among Turkish pregnant women. CONCLUSION Our results confirm the existence of a high prevalence of women´s anxiety at the beginning of the pregnancy and some differences between Turkish and Spanish pregnant women have been observed. We have confirmed that some cultural features like family structure (having more children and cohabitants), the Islamic religion or the lack of perceived partner´s support became the most important vulnerability elements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oznur Körükcü
- Akdeniz university Nursing Faculty Campus, 07058 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Marta Blasco
- Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Türker Kavas
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinic, Sisli, Istanbul
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Babu GR, Murthy GVS, Singh N, Nath A, Rathnaiah M, Saldanha N, Deepa R, Kinra S. Sociodemographic and Medical Risk Factors Associated With Antepartum Depression. Front Public Health 2018; 6:127. [PMID: 29770322 PMCID: PMC5941824 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing recognition of antenatal depression is an emerging area of concern in developing countries. We conducted a study to estimate the prevalence of antenatal mental distress and its relation with sociodemographic factors, obstetric factors, and physiological wellbeing in pregnant women attending public health facilities in Bengaluru, South India. Methods Nested within a cohort study, we assessed the mental status in 823 pregnant women in two public referral hospitals. Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10 scale) was used to assess maternal depression. We collected information related to social-demographic characteristics and recent medical complaints. Descriptive statistics and odds ratios were calculated using SPSS version 20. Results Results show that 8.7% of the women exhibited symptoms of antenatal depression. Sociodemographic characteristics, such as respondent occupation, husband education, husband’s occupation, total family income showed significance. First time pregnancy, anemia, and high blood pressure were also associated with mental distress. Conclusion Our study has demonstrated feasibility of screening for mental health problems in public hospitals. Early detection of mental distress during pregnancy is crucial as it has a direct impact on the fetus. The public health facilities in low- and middle-income countries such as India should consider piloting and scaling up screening services for mental health conditions for pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giridhara R Babu
- Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH) Bangalore, Public Health Foundation of India and Wellcome Trust-DBT India Alliance, Bangalore, India
| | - G V S Murthy
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Madhapur, Hyderabad, India.,International Centre for Eye Health, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neeru Singh
- IIPH Bangalore, Public Health Foundation of India, Bangalore, India
| | - Anita Nath
- Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH) Bangalore, Public Health Foundation of India and Wellcome Trust-DBT India Alliance, Bangalore, India
| | - Mohanbabu Rathnaiah
- Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nolita Saldanha
- Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH) Bangalore, Public Health Foundation of India and Wellcome Trust-DBT India Alliance, Bangalore, India
| | - R Deepa
- Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH) Bangalore, Public Health Foundation of India and Wellcome Trust-DBT India Alliance, Bangalore, India
| | - Sanjay Kinra
- Clinical Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Aksoy Derya Y, Timur Taşhan S, Duman M, Durgun Ozan Y. Turkish adaptation of the pregnancy-related anxiety questionnaire-revised 2: Validity and reliability study in multiparous and primiparous pregnancy. Midwifery 2018; 62:61-68. [PMID: 29655006 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to create a Turkish version of the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 (PRAQR2), which was revised for application to multiparous and primiparous pregnancy, and to explore its psychometric characteristics in multiparous and primiparous pregnancy. DESIGN This study was methodologically designed to assess the reliability and validity of the PRAQ-R2. SETTING The study was carried out in the obstetrics clinic of a training and research hospital in Malatya. PARTICIPANTS A total of 616 healthy pregnant women (399 multiparous and 217 primiparous) constituted the sample of the study. METHODS The cultural adaptation process of the questionnaire was conducted in three phases: language validity, content validity, and pilot application. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to test the construct validity of the questionnaire. The reliability of the PRAQ-R2 was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient, item-total correlation, test-retest analysis, and parallel forms reliability. FINDINGS The EFA revealed that the PRAQ-R2 consists of 10 items for the multiparous group and 11 for the primiparous group after adding the item ``I am anxious about the delivery because I have never experienced one before.'' The CFA for both groups supported the three-factor questionnaire yielded by the EFA. Good fit index values were obtained in both groups. Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient ranged from 0.81 to 0.93 for the multiparous group and 0.87 to 0.94 for the primiparous group for the complete PRAQ-R2 and each of its subdimensions. In addition, the item-total correlation, test-retest analysis, and parallel forms reliability of the questionnaire were highly correlated. CONCLUSION The PRAQ-R2 is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used to evaluate the level of anxiety in Turkish pregnant women irrespective of parity. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The use of the PRAQ-R2 in prenatal healthcare services will contribute to the early diagnosis, treatment, and management of pregnancy-related anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşim Aksoy Derya
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Sermin Timur Taşhan
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Mesude Duman
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
| | - Yeter Durgun Ozan
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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Doğru HY, Özsoy F, Doğru S, Karaman T, Şahin A, Özsoy AZ, Çakmak B, Süren M. Catastrophizing, Depression and Anxiety During Pregnancy: Relation Between Lumbopelvic Pain and Physical/Social Functioning. JOURNAL OF RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10942-017-0277-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Peñacoba C, Rodríguez L, Carmona J, Marín D. Agreeableness and pregnancy: Relations with coping and psychiatric symptoms, a longitudinal study on Spanish pregnant women. Women Health 2017; 58:204-220. [PMID: 28103153 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2017.1282397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Agreeableness is associated with good mental health during pregnancy. Although different studies have indicated that agreeableness is related to adaptive coping, this relation has scarcely been studied in pregnant women. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible differences between high and low agreeableness in relation to coping strategies and psychiatric symptoms in pregnant women. We conducted a longitudinal prospective study between October 2009 and January 2013. Pregnant women (n = 285) were assessed in the first trimester of pregnancy, and 122 of them were assessed during the third. Data were collected using the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the Symptom Check List 90-R, and the agreeableness subscale of the NEO-FFI. Using the SPSS 21 statistics package, binary logistic regression, two-way mixed analysis of variance, and multiple regression analyses and a Sobel test were conducted. Higher levels of agreeableness were associated with positive reappraisal and problem-solving, and lower levels of agreeableness were associated with overt emotional expression and negative self-focused coping. Women with low agreeableness had poorer mental health, especially in the first trimester. These findings should be taken into account to improve women's experiences during pregnancy. Nevertheless, given the scarcity of data, additional studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Peñacoba
- a Department of Psychology , Rey Juan Carlos University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Laura Rodríguez
- a Department of Psychology , Rey Juan Carlos University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Javier Carmona
- b Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón , Madrid , Spain
| | - Dolores Marín
- c Department of Nursing , Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , Madrid , Spain.,d Obstetrics Department , Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada , Madrid , Spain
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Association of physical activity and sedentary behavior with depression and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy in a multiethnic cohort of Asian women. Arch Womens Ment Health 2016; 19:1119-1128. [PMID: 27664104 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-016-0664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate associations of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with depression and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy among Chinese, Malay, and Indian women. METHODS Women answered PA and SB (sitting time and television time) interview questions and self-completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaires, at week 26-28 gestation. Sufficient levels of PA (≥600MET-minutes/week) and higher sitting time (≥7 h/day) were determined. Associations of PA and SB with probable antenatal depression (EPDS-score ≥15), higher state anxiety (score ≥42), and higher trait anxiety (score ≥43) were determined by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Among the 1144 pregnant women included in the study, 7.3, 22.5, and 23.6 % had probable antenatal depression, higher state anxiety, and higher trait anxiety symptoms, respectively. In the adjusted models, women with sufficient level of PA were less likely to have probable antenatal depression (OR 0.54, 95 % CI 0.31-0.94, p = 0.030) and higher trait anxiety symptoms (OR 0.68, 95 % CI 0.48-0.94, p = 0.022). PA was not associated with state anxiety symptoms. SB was not associated with any of the investigated outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Sufficient PA was associated with a reduced likelihood of probable antenatal depression and trait anxiety symptoms. Further investigation of these findings is warranted to determine cause-effect relationships and identify potential preventive strategies.
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Jahdi F, Mehrabadi M, Mortazavi F, Haghani H. The Effect of Slow-Stroke Back Massage on the Anxiety Levels of Iranian Women on the First Postpartum Day. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 18:e34270. [PMID: 27781122 PMCID: PMC5068252 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.34270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Anxiety disorder is common during the postpartum period. Back massage relaxation techniques are one of the most important nonpharmacological interventions to prevent and control postpartum-related anxiety. Objectives To determine the effectiveness of slow-stroke back massage on the anxiety levels of primiparous mothers in the first days after delivery. Materials and Methods This single-blind controlled clinical trial consisted of 100 primiparous mothers with normal deliveries. The mothers were randomly allocated to interventional (n = 50) or control (n = 50) groups using binary blocks. Both groups were followed up just before, immediately after, and the morning after the intervention. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Spielberger’s state anxiety inventory (STAI) questionnaire. Results The mean age of the mothers was 22 years. There were no significant between-group differences in age (P = 0.333), education (P = 0.427), and medication during labor and the postpartum period (P = 0.412). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean anxiety scores of the experimental (6.66 ± 35.48) and control groups (9.05 ± 37.42) before the intervention (P = 0.268). Immediately after the massage and the next morning, there was a significant between-group difference in the anxiety scores (P < 0.001). Conclusions The findings demonstrate that slow-stroke back massage is a simple, inexpensive, noninvasive, and effective method to reduce the anxiety levels of primiparous women during the first postpartum day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Jahdi
- Nursing and Midwifery School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Maryam Mehrabadi
- Nursing and Midwifery School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Maryam Mehrabadi, Nursing and Midwifery School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran, E-mail:
| | - Forough Mortazavi
- Education Development Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, IR Iran
| | - Hamid Haghani
- Medical Management & Information School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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