Gangliocytic paraganglioma: An overview and future perspective

Table 1 Differences in gangliocytic paraganglioma and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumor G1

	Gangliocytic paraganglioma	Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumor G1
Predominant site of the primary tumor	Duodenum (approximately 90%)	Small intestine, but duodenal is relatively rare
5-yr survival rates	Excellent (approximately 100%)	Good (approximately 80%)
Incidence	Extremely rare	Relatively rare, but gradually increasing, incidence worldwide
Morphological findings obtained by surgery	Epithelioid, spindle, and ganglion-like cells	Nesting, trabecular pattern, and/or rosette formation with nuclear palisading
Immunohistochemistry (pancreatic polypeptide and progesterone receptor)	Epithelioid cells show positive reactivity for both.	Tumor cells show negative reactivity for both
Perspective	Accurate diagnosis of gangliocytic paraganglioma will facilitate the use of less invasive treatment procedures