Clinicohistopathological implications of phosphoserine 9 glycogen synthase kinase-3β/ β-catenin in urinary bladder cancer patients

Table 4 Statistical analysis for correlation between expression of target genes at transcriptome level in tumor tissues and clinicohistopathological parameters

	β-Catenin	Cyclin D1	Snail	Slug
Characteristics	Strong expression (n = 57/90)	Strong expression (n = 39/57)	Strong expression (n = 40/57)	Strong expression (n = 42/57)
Age 60 (38-78) yr	p = 0.0071a	P = 0.851	P = 0.585	P = 0.021a
< 60	23/57	17/23	16/23	16/23
≥ 60	34/57	22/34	24/34	26/34
Stage	P = 0.845	P = 0.198	P = 0.205	P = 0.929
Non muscle invasive	34/57	26/34	25/34	25/34
Muscle invasive	23/57	13/23	15/23	17/23
Grade	P = 0.137	P = 0.373	P = 0.420	P = 0.893
Low grade	21/57	16/21	14/21	13/21
High grade	36/57	23/36	26/36	29/36
Type	P = 0.289	P = 0.806	P = 0.62	P = 0.787
Primary	32/57	21/32	22/32	22/32
Recurrent	25/57	18/25	18/25	20/25
Smoking/tobacco chewing	P = 0.738	P = 0.377	P = 0.784	P = 0.592
Yes	26/57	17/26	18/26	20/26
No	18/57	13/18	13/18	14/18
Unknown	13/57	9/13	5/13	8/13
Hematuria	P = 0.397	P = 0.740	P = 0.362	P = 0.685
Present	46/57	32/46	36/46	36/46
Unknown	11/57	7/3	4/3	6/3
Metastasis	P = 0.84	P = 0.39	P = 0.49	P = 0.12
Present	6/57	4/6	4/6	3/6
Absent	51/57	35/51	36/51	39/51

Non parametric Mann Whitney U test and

¹Fisher’s exact probability test were used to determine the P-values;

^aP values ≤ 0.05 are considered as significant.