Clinicohistopathological implications of phosphoserine 9 glycogen synthase kinase-3β/ β-catenin in urinary bladder cancer patients

Table 2 Association of aberrant expression of pS9GSK-3β protein with clinicohistopathological factors

Characteristics	pS9GSK-3β (low membranous, no expression or N/C expression)(n = 46/90)
AGE 60 (38-78)	P = 0.87
< 60	20/46
≥ 60	26/46
Stage	P = 0.01a
Non muscle invasive	25/46
Muscle invasive	21/46
Grade	P = 0.04a
Low grade	14/46
High grade	32/46
Type	P = 0.35
Primary	23/46
Recurrent	23/46
Smoking/tobacco chewing	P = 0.66
Yes	24/46
No	14/46
Unknown	8/46
Hematuria	P = 0.64
Present	39/46
Unknown	7/46
Metastasis	P = 0.58
Present	1/46
Absent	45/46

Non parametric Mann Whitney U test was used to determine the P-values.

^aP values ≤ 0.05 are considered as significant. N/C expression: Nuclear/cytoplasmic expression.