Reference Citation Analysis: Find an Article, Find a Category, Find a Journal, Find a Scholar

For: Na DG, Baek JH, Jung SL, Kim JH, Sung JY, Kim KS, Lee JH, Shin JH, Choi YJ, Ha EJ, Lim HK, Kim SJ, Hahn SY, Lee KH, Choi YJ, Youn I, Kim YJ, Ahn HS, Ryu JH, Baek SM, Sim JS, Jung CK, Lee JH. Core Needle Biopsy of the Thyroid: 2016 Consensus Statement and Recommendations from Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology. Korean J Radiol 2017;18:217-237. [PMID: 28096731 PMCID: PMC5240493 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2017.18.1.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open

For:	Na DG, Baek JH, Jung SL, Kim JH, Sung JY, Kim KS, Lee JH, Shin JH, Choi YJ, Ha EJ, Lim HK, Kim SJ, Hahn SY, Lee KH, Choi YJ, Youn I, Kim YJ, Ahn HS, Ryu JH, Baek SM, Sim JS, Jung CK, Lee JH. Core Needle Biopsy of the Thyroid: 2016 Consensus Statement and Recommendations from Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology. Korean J Radiol 2017;18:217-237. [PMID: 28096731 PMCID: PMC5240493 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2017.18.1.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Joo L, Baek JH, Lee J, Song DE, Chung SR, Choi YJ, Lee JH. Superior Diagnostic Yield of Core Needle Biopsy Over Fine Needle Aspiration in Diagnosing Follicular-Patterned Neoplasms: A Multicenter Study Focusing on Bethesda IV Results. Korean J Radiol 2025;26:604-615. [PMID: 40288894 PMCID: PMC12123080 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2024.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2025] [Accepted: 03/10/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025] Open

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To compare the diagnostic outcomes of core needle biopsy (CNB) and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) using Bethesda IV as a test-positive criterion for diagnosing follicular-patterned neoplasms in a large multicenter cohort.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This retrospective study included 5463 thyroid nodules ≥1 cm from 4883 patients (4019 females, 864 males; mean age 53.8 years) that underwent FNA or CNB across 26 hospitals in Korea between June and September 2015. The final diagnosis in cases diagnosed as Bethesda IV (follicular neoplasm) in biopsies were confirmed by surgical pathology. The primary study outcome was the diagnostic yield, defined as the proportion of nodules with follicular-patterned neoplasms confirmed at surgery after receiving Bethesda IV results on biopsy (FNA or CNB), among all that underwent biopsy. Secondary outcomes included false referral rate (FRR) and positive predictive value (PPV). All nodules were analyzed before matching (823 and 4640 nodules for CNB and FNA, respectively) and after nodule matching in a 1:2 ratio (799 and 1571 nodules, respectively) according to age, sex, nodule size, and Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K-TIRADS) category. Additionally, the diagnostic yields of various histological subtypes of follicular-patterned neoplasms and nodule subgroups were analyzed.

RESULTS

CNB demonstrated a significantly higher diagnostic yield than FNA both before (9.0% vs. 0.5%; P < 0.001) and after matching (9.0% vs. 0.6%; P < 0.001). CNB consistently had higher diagnostic yields than FNA for most histological subtypes and all subgroups. FRR was not significantly different between the CNB and FNA groups after matching (0.4% vs. 0.1%; P = 0.337). The PPV was consistently greater than 90% for both methods, with no significant difference.

CONCLUSION

CNB had a higher diagnostic yield than FNA for follicular-patterned neoplasms, with no significant difference in FRR using Bethesda IV as the test-positive criterion.

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Zhao Q, Guo S, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zhou P. Multimodal ultrasound radiomics model combined with clinical model for differentiating follicular thyroid adenoma from carcinoma. BMC Med Imaging 2025;25:152. [PMID: 40325381 PMCID: PMC12054042 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-025-01685-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2025] [Indexed: 05/07/2025] Open

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop a nomogram integrating radiomics features derived from contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and B-mode ultrasound (B-US) with clinical features to improve preoperative differentiation between follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA). Accurate preoperative diagnosis is critical for guiding appropriate treatment strategies and reducing unnecessary interventions.

METHODS

We retrospectively included 201 patients with histopathologically confirmed FTC (n = 133) or FTA (n = 68). Radiomics features were extracted from B-US and CEUS images, followed by feature selection and machine-learning model development. Five models were evaluated, and the one with the highest area under the curve (AUC) was used to construct a radiomics signature. A Clinical Risk model was developed using statistically significant clinical features, which outperformed the conventional Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C-TIRADS) in both training and test groups. The radiomics signature and Clinical Risk model were integrated into a nomogram, whose diagnostic performance, calibration and clinical utility were assessed.

RESULTS

The Clinical Risk model achieved superior diagnostic performance compared to the C-TIRADS model, with AUCs of 0.802 vs. 0.719 in the training group and 0.745 vs. 0.703 in the test group. The nomogram further improved diagnostic efficacy, with AUCs of 0.867 (95% CI, 0.800-0.933) in the training group and 0.833 (95% CI, 0.729-0.937) in the test group. It also demonstrated excellent calibration. Decision curve analysis (DCA) also indicated that the nomogram showed good clinical utility.

CONCLUSION

By combining CEUS and B-US radiomics features with clinical data, we developed a robust nomogram for distinguishing FTC from FTA. The model demonstrated superior diagnostic performance compared to existing methods and holds promise for enhancing clinical decision-making in thyroid nodule management.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER

Not applicable.

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Zufry H, Hariyanto TI. Comparison of core-needle biopsy and repeat fine-needle aspiration biopsy for thyroid nodules with initially inconclusive findings: a systematic review, diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis, and meta-regression. J Am Soc Cytopathol 2025;14:159-169. [PMID: 39843308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasc.2024.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2024] [Revised: 12/22/2024] [Accepted: 12/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2025]

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The rate of nondiagnostic and indeterminate cytology findings from fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is quite high, resulting in repeated puncture and unnecessary surgery. The primary objective of this investigation is to compare diagnostic accuracy of core-needle biopsy (CNB) with repeat FNAB for thyroid nodules with initially inconclusive (nondiagnostic and/or atypia of undetermined significance) FNAB results.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A thorough search was performed on the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Europe PMC, and Medline databases until October 20th, 2024, employing a combination of pertinent keywords. This review incorporates literature that examines the comparison between CNB and repeat FNAB for thyroid nodule. Pooled odds ratio (OR) of nondiagnostic and inconclusive findings of CNB and repeat FNAB were calculated. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the diagnostic accuracy of both biopsy methods for malignancy diagnosis utilizing a bivariate random-effects model.

RESULTS

A total of 9 studies were incorporated. The results of our meta-analysis indicated lower rate of nondiagnostic (OR 0.12; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06-0.23, P < 0.00001), atypia of undetermined significance (OR 0.34; 95%CI: 0.21-0.56, P < 0.0001), and inconclusive (OR 0.12; 95%CI: 0.07-0.22, P < 0.00001) findings from CNB compared to repeat FNAB. CNB also exhibited markedly superior cumulative sensitivity estimates (75.1%) compared to repeat FNAB (56.5%), however cumulative specificity did not show a significant difference between CNB (99.9%) and repeat FNAB (99.7%). No patients who received CNB or repeat FNAB encountered any major complications.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study suggests that CNB can be employed to diagnose thyroid nodules that were previously inconclusive on FNAB, rather than repeating the FNAB procedure.

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Paja M, Del Cura JL, Zabala R, Korta I, Gutiérrez MT, Expósito A, Ugalde A. A simplified four-tier classification for thyroid core needle biopsy. J Endocrinol Invest 2025;48:895-904. [PMID: 39576555 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02508-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 11/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2025]

Jeong SY, Baek SM, Shin S, Son JM, Kim H, Baek JH. Radiofrequency Ablation of Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study Including Patients with More than 10 Years of Follow-up. Thyroid 2025;35:143-152. [PMID: 39868683 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2024.0535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]

Abstract

Background: The longest reported follow-up for thermal ablation of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is 5 years. We evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with low-risk PTMC with clinical follow-up of more than 10 years. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we included patients with low-risk PTMC who had more than 10 years of follow-up after ultrasound (US)-guided RFA (performed between May 2008 and December 2013). Sixty-five consecutive patients with 71 low-risk PTMCs who were unsuitable for surgery or declined surgery were included. Before RFA, all patients underwent US and thyroid computerized tomography. Repeat RFA for staged ablation was performed when the first RFA did not secure sufficient safety margins because of the tumor closely abutting the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Follow-up US imaging was performed at 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, every 6 months until 2 years, and then annually afterward. Primary outcomes were the respective cumulative rates of disease progression (defined by local tumor progression, lymph node, or distant metastasis), newly developed thyroid cancer, and conversion surgery. Secondary outcomes were serial volume reduction rate (VRR), complete disappearance rate of ablated PTMC, and adverse events associated with procedures. Results: Of 65 patients included in the study, 60 had unifocal and 5 had multifocal PTMCs. The mean number of RFA sessions per tumor was 1.2, and the median follow-up duration was 151 months (interquartile ranges, 131-157). Twenty percent (13/65) of patients required repeat RFA. There were no cases of disease progression. Five patients (5/65, 7.7%) developed a new papillary thyroid cancer (four treated with RFA and one with lobectomy). At 24 months, the mean VRR was 100%, and this was maintained throughout the final follow-up. The complete tumor disappearance rates after one or more RFA treatments were 40.8% (29/71), 74.6% (53/71), and 100% (71/71) at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. One major (subclinical hypothyroidism) and three minor adverse events occurred. Conclusions: In our experience, RFA of low-risk PTMC is effective and safe. During more than 10 years of follow-up, we observed no incident local tumor progression nor metastases, but 7.7% of patients developed a new papillary thyroid cancer.

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Ham T, Lee JY, Jeon YH, Choi KS, Hwang I, Yoo RE, Yun TJ, Choi SH, Kim JH. Safety and Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Thrombin Injection for Pseudoaneurysms Arising after Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2025;46:166-169. [PMID: 39510805 PMCID: PMC11735430 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024]

Affiliation(s)

Taehyuk Ham From the Department of Radiology (T.H., J.Y.L., Y.H.J., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Ji Ye Lee From the Department of Radiology (T.H., J.Y.L., Y.H.J., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Young Hun Jeon From the Department of Radiology (T.H., J.Y.L., Y.H.J., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Kyu Sung Choi From the Department of Radiology (T.H., J.Y.L., Y.H.J., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Inpyeong Hwang From the Department of Radiology (T.H., J.Y.L., Y.H.J., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Roh-Eul Yoo From the Department of Radiology (T.H., J.Y.L., Y.H.J., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Tae Jin Yun From the Department of Radiology (T.H., J.Y.L., Y.H.J., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Seung Hong Choi From the Department of Radiology (T.H., J.Y.L., Y.H.J., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Ji-Hoon Kim From the Department of Radiology (T.H., J.Y.L., Y.H.J., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.S.C., I.H., R.E.Y., T.J.Y., S.H.C., J.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Jeong SY, Baek JH. Long-term clinical outcomes of thermal ablation for benign thyroid nodules and unresolved issues: a comprehensive systematic review. LA RADIOLOGIA MEDICA 2025;130:111-120. [PMID: 39557808 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-024-01924-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/20/2024]

Dolidze DD, Kovantsev SD, Bagatelia ZA, Bumbu AV, Barinov YV, Chechenin GM, Pichugina NV, Gogolashvili DG. [Ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy for diagnosis of thyroid cancer]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2025:87-95. [PMID: 40103250 DOI: 10.17116/hirurgia202503187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2025]

Storozuk T, Biernacka A, Lastra R, Mueller J, Olivas A, Reeves W, Yassan L, Antic T. Fate of nondiagnostic thyroid fine needle aspirations. Diagn Cytopathol 2024;52:709-714. [PMID: 39051543 DOI: 10.1002/dc.25386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Thyroid nodules may be detected during the workup of thyroid hormone abnormalities and as incidental findings during unrelated imaging studies. The diagnosis of a thyroid nodule is mainly established by performing fine needle aspiration (FNA) under ultrasound guidance. Thyroid nodules are classified as nondiagnostic, defined in the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology as samples with excess blood, cyst fluid only, and lack of thyroid follicular cells. The current study evaluates a series of nondiagnostic FNAs to assess whether repeat sampling improves yield and what patient management, and outcomes are after a nondiagnostic FNA.

METHODS

Thyroid FNAs from 2016 to 2023 were retrieved from our institution archives. All cases were performed under ultrasound guidance and with rapid on-site evaluation. Cases were assigned the Bethesda System Category. Nondiagnostic FNAs were further reviewed for repeat FNA procedures, potential molecular testing, or diagnostic resections.

RESULTS

In total 3104 thyroid FNAs were reviewed, with 153 (4.9%) being nondiagnostic. Of the 154 FNAs, there were 129 patients with an average age of 60 and a male-to-female ratio of 1:3.2. Of the 130 patients, there were 50 patients who underwent 55 repeat FNAs. Thirty-seven (67%) of the repeats were benign, 13 (24%) were nondiagnostic again, and 5 (9%) were atypia of undetermined significance (AUS). Molecular testing was performed on repeat FNAs diagnosed AUS. Four cases showed no mutations and had a high likelihood of being benign. One case did have an NRAS Q61R mutation, and resection revealed a noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features. Seventeen (13% of all cases) with nondiagnostic FNA were resected. Twelve (71%) thyroidectomies showed benign adenomatous nodules. The remainder showed incidental papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (0.1 cm), an infarcted follicular adenoma, a noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features, and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (2×).

CONCLUSION

Thyroid nodules with nondiagnostic cytology are reassuring of being highly likely a benign nodule. Only 5 of the 55 (9%) repeat FNAs yielded abnormalities, with only one of those being truly a follicular neoplasm (confirmed by molecular testing and resection). No primary thyroid malignancies have been identified in follow-up (repeat FNA or surgery). Clinical and ultrasound follow-up may be more appropriate management for nondiagnostic thyroid FNAs.

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Taydas O, Arik E, Sevinc OF, Kara AB, Ozdemir M, Cengiz H, Bayhan Z, Ozturk MH. Current role of interventional radiology in thyroid nodules. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024;15:1405705. [PMID: 39355619 PMCID: PMC11442250 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1405705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open

Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Lu K, Wang J, Li L, Xu D, Liu J, Lou J. Diagnostic value of an interpretable machine learning model based on clinical ultrasound features for follicular thyroid carcinoma. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2024;14:6311-6324. [PMID: 39281129 PMCID: PMC11400673 DOI: 10.21037/qims-24-601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]

Abstract

Background

Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) present diagnostic challenges due to overlapping clinical and ultrasound features. Improving the diagnosis of FTC can enhance patient prognosis and effectiveness in clinical management. This study seeks to develop a predictive model for FTC based on ultrasound features using machine learning (ML) algorithms and assess its diagnostic effectiveness.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with FTA or FTC based on surgical pathology between January 2009 and February 2023 at Zhejiang Provincial Cancer Hospital and Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital were retrospectively included. A total of 562 patients from Zhejiang Provincial Cancer Hospital comprised the training set, and 218 patients from Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital constituted the validation set. Subsequently, clinical parameters and ultrasound characteristics of the patients were collected. The diagnostic parameters were analyzed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and multivariate logistic regression screening methods. Next, a comparative analysis was performed using seven ML models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predicted value (PPV), negative predicted value (NPV), precision, recall, and comprehensive evaluation index (F-score) were calculated to compare the diagnostic efficacy among the seven models and determine the optimal model. Further, the optimal model was validated, and the SHapley Additive ExPlanations (SHAP) approach was applied to explain the significance of the model variables. Finally, an individualized risk assessment was conducted.

Results

Age, echogenicity, thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb), echotexture, composition, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroglobulin (TG), margin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), calcification, and halo thickness >2 mm were influential factors for diagnosing FTC. The XGBoost model was identified as the optimal model after a comprehensive evaluation. The AUC of this model in the validation set was 0.969 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.946-0.992], while its precision sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 0.791, 0.930, 0.913 and 0.917, respectively.

Conclusions

XGBoost model based on ultrasound features was constructed and interpreted using the SHAP method, providing evidence for the diagnosis of FTC and guidance for the personalized treatment of patients.

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Affiliation(s)

Yuxin Zheng Second Clinical College, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging & Interventional Therapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
Yajiao Zhang Second Clinical College, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging & Interventional Therapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
Kefeng Lu Department of Ultrasound, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
Jiafeng Wang Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Bijie Hospital, Bijie, China
Linlin Li Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
Dong Xu Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging & Interventional Therapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
Junping Liu Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging & Interventional Therapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
Jiangyan Lou Department of Pediatrics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China

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Salih AM, Muhialdeen AS, Ismaeil DA, Saeed YA, Dhahir HM, Baba HO, Kakamad FH, Qadir AA, Hassan MN, Hassan SH, Abdalla BA, Mohammed MS. Thyroid nodulectomy: A promising approach to the management of solitary thyroid nodules. Biomed Rep 2024;21:118. [PMID: 38938739 PMCID: PMC11209868 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open

Dolidze DD, Covantsev S, Chechenin GM, Pichugina NV, Bedina AV, Bumbu A. Core needle biopsy for thyroid nodules assessment-a new horizon? World J Clin Oncol 2024;15:580-586. [PMID: 38835840 PMCID: PMC11145964 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i5.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open

Cho YY, Ahn SH, Lee EK, Park YJ, Choi D, Kim BY, Jung CH, Mok JO, Kim CH, Kim SW. Malignancy Risk of Follicular Neoplasm (Bethesda IV) With Variable Cutoffs of Tumor Size: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024;109:1383-1392. [PMID: 38113188 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]

Su X, Yue C, Yang W, Ma B. A comparative analysis of core needle biopsy and repeat fine needle aspiration in patients with inconclusive initial cytology of thyroid nodules. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024;15:1309005. [PMID: 38356956 PMCID: PMC10865505 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1309005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open

Abstract

Purpose

To assess and compare the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) in comparison to repeat fine-needle aspiration(rFNA) for thyroid nodules that yield inconclusive results following the initial fine-needle aspiration (FNA).

Methods

A cohort of 471 patients who received an inconclusive cytological diagnosis following the initial FNA were included in this study. These patients subsequently underwent either CNB (n=242) or rFNA (n=229). The inconclusive FNA results encompassed categories I, III, and IV of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology(TBSRTC), as well as the ultrasound images indicating malignancy despite FNA results falling under TBSRTC category II. This study assessed the sampling satisfaction rate, diagnostic efficacy, and complications associated with CNB compared to rFNA. Additionally, the impact of repeat puncture time and nodule size on diagnostic efficacy was analyzed.

Results

Following repeat punctures, the satisfaction rate of the CNB sampling was found to be significantly higher than that of rFNA (83.9% vs 66.8%). The diagnostic rate in the CNB group was significantly greater compared to that of the rFNA group (70.7% vs 35.8%). In patients with nodule maximum diameters ranging from 5 mm to 20 mm, the diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher in the CNB group compared to that in the rFNA group. In patients with intervals less than 90 days, between 90 days and one year, the diagnostic rate in the CNB group was found to be higher compared to that in the rFNA group. In CNB, not immediately adjacent to the capsule was a risk factor for nodular puncture bleeding (37.0% vs 22.7%.).

Conclusion

CNB demonstrated higher rates of satisfaction and diagnosis compared to the rFNA. The diagnostic effectiveness of CNB was not influenced by the time interval or the size of the thyroid nodule. Therefore, in cases where the initial FNA diagnosis of thyroid nodules is inconclusive, CNB should be considered as a viable option for re-puncture.

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Ma JJ, Xiang C, Wang JW. TTK is a potential regulator of tumor progression correlated with dedifferentiation and immune cell infiltration in papillary thyroid cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2023;15:10607-10626. [PMID: 37815894 PMCID: PMC10599754 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]

Sim JS. [Clinical Approach for Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation]. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF RADIOLOGY 2023;84:1017-1030. [PMID: 37869113 PMCID: PMC10585077 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2023.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]

Yim Y, Park HS, Baek JH, Yoo H, Sung JY. Parenchymal microcalcifications in the thyroid gland: Clinical significance and management strategy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023;102:e34636. [PMID: 37565926 PMCID: PMC10419412 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open

Jung CK. Reevaluating diagnostic categories and associated malignancy risks in thyroid core needle biopsy. J Pathol Transl Med 2023;57:208-216. [PMID: 37460395 PMCID: PMC10369141 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2023.06.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open

Kim M, Jeon S, Jung CK. Preoperative Risk Stratification of Follicular-patterned Thyroid Lesions on Core Needle Biopsy by Histologic Subtyping and RAS Variant-specific Immunohistochemistry. Endocr Pathol 2023:10.1007/s12022-023-09763-3. [PMID: 37040004 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-023-09763-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]

Thyroid lymphoma. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023;31:83-88. [PMID: 36912220 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]

Value of CEUS combined with feeding artery ablation in the microwave ablation of large solid benign thyroid nodules. Eur Radiol 2023;33:2407-2414. [PMID: 36472698 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09313-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To investigate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combined with feeding artery ablation in the microwave ablation (MWA) of large solid benign thyroid nodules (LSBTNs) with a diameter ≥ 4 cm.

METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed 122 patients with LSBTN ≥ 4 cm in diameter treated with MWA. During evaluations before and after MWA, 53 patients who underwent conventional ultrasound examination were classified as the routine group, and 69 patients who underwent CEUS combined with feeding artery ablation were classified as the union group. The differences in ablation energy required per milliliter (AERPM), complication rate, regrowth rate, and volume reduction rate (VRR) were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

The AERPM of the union group was significantly less than that of the routine group (956.3 ± 38.5 J/mL vs. 1025.9 ± 121.5 J/mL, p < 0.001). The complication rate of the routine group was significantly higher than that of the union group (13.2% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.031). The regrowth rate of the routine group (22.6%, 12/53) was significantly higher than that of the union group (7.2%, 5/69) (p = 0.015). At the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 18th, and 24th month after ablation, the mean VRRs of the routine group were significantly less than those of the union group, with p values of < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.002, 0.007, 0.013, and < 0.001, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The application of CEUS combined with feeding artery ablation in the MWA of LSBTNs is helpful to reduce the regrowth rate, improve the ablation efficiency, and reduce bleeding.

KEY POINTS

• CEUS combined with feeding artery ablation in MWA of LSBTNs is helpful to reduce regrowth rate. • CEUS combined with feeding artery ablation can help improve ablation efficiency than conventional ultrasound in LSBTNs. • CEUS combined with feeding artery ablation helps reduce the incidence of bleeding during MWA.

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Kim S, Shin JH, Ihn YK. Biopsy strategies for intermediate and high suspicion thyroid nodules with macrocalcifications. Curr Med Res Opin 2023;39:179-186. [PMID: 36369696 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2146404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

(1) To find strategies to improve diagnostic performance of ultrasound-guided biopsy of intermediate and high suspicion thyroid nodules with macrocalcifications. (2) To find malignancy rates of nodules with macrocalcification.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

From 2018 to 2022, fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and core needle biopsy (CNB) were retrospectively evaluated. Macrocalcifications were categorized into three types: intra-nodular, rim and entirely calcified. Diagnostic performance was compared between biopsy modes (FNAB vs. CNB) and FNAB techniques (to-and-fro vs. whirling). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine features associated with performance of FNAB. Malignancy rates were calculated according to macrocalcification types.

RESULTS

A total of 114 procedures (87 FNAB and 27 CNB) in 89 nodules per 86 patients (mean age, 64 years; 76 women) were performed. Overall, CNB performed better than FNAB (unsatisfactory rate: 3.7% vs. 33.3%, p = .005). For macrocalcification thicker than 2 mm, whirling FNAB technique demonstrated a comparable unsatisfactory rate with statistical trends toward significance (to-and-fro: 69.2% vs. whirling: 27.8%, p = .055). The entirely calcified nodule was associated with poor performance of FNAB (adjusted odds ratio 4.46 [95% CI: 1.19-16.67], p = .027). Overall malignancy was 22.5%, higher in intra-nodular macrocalcification than rim and entirely calcified types (68.4% vs. 21.1% vs. 10.5%, p = .025).

CONCLUSION

For the entirely calcified type, CNB should be considered first to improve diagnosis. For other types, FNAB can be performed, and whirling technique may be an alternative technique in thicker macrocalcification. Malignancy in intermediate and high suspicion nodules with macrocalcification have non-negligible rates.

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Hwang YJ, Koo HR, Park JS. Follow-up of benign thyroid nodules confirmed by ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy after inconclusive cytology on fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Ultrasonography 2023;42:121-128. [PMID: 36588182 PMCID: PMC9816704 DOI: 10.14366/usg.22115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open

Ahn J, Jin M, Kim WG, Kim TY, Kim WB, Shong YK, Baek JH, Song DE, Jeon MJ. Limitations of fine-needle aspiration and core needle biopsies in the diagnosis of tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2023;98:110-116. [PMID: 35394662 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]

Lee JH, Ha EJ, Lee DH, Han M, Park JH, Kim JH. Clinicoradiological Characteristics in the Differential Diagnosis of Follicular-Patterned Lesions of the Thyroid: A Multicenter Cohort Study. Korean J Radiol 2022;23:763-772. [PMID: 35695317 PMCID: PMC9240300 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2022.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Preoperative differential diagnosis of follicular-patterned lesions is challenging. This multicenter cohort study investigated the clinicoradiological characteristics relevant to the differential diagnosis of such lesions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

From June to September 2015, 4787 thyroid nodules (≥ 1.0 cm) with a final diagnosis of benign follicular nodule (BN, n = 4461), follicular adenoma (FA, n = 136), follicular carcinoma (FC, n = 62), or follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC, n = 128) collected from 26 institutions were analyzed. The clinicoradiological characteristics of the lesions were compared among the different histological types using multivariable logistic regression analyses. The relative importance of the characteristics that distinguished histological types was determined using a random forest algorithm.

RESULTS

Compared to BN (as the control group), the distinguishing features of follicular-patterned neoplasms (FA, FC, and FVPTC) were patient's age (odds ratio [OR], 0.969 per 1-year increase), lesion diameter (OR, 1.054 per 1-mm increase), presence of solid composition (OR, 2.255), presence of hypoechogenicity (OR, 2.181), and presence of halo (OR, 1.761) (all p < 0.05). Compared to FA (as the control), FC differed with respect to lesion diameter (OR, 1.040 per 1-mm increase) and rim calcifications (OR, 17.054), while FVPTC differed with respect to patient age (OR, 0.966 per 1-year increase), lesion diameter (OR, 0.975 per 1-mm increase), macrocalcifications (OR, 3.647), and non-smooth margins (OR, 2.538) (all p < 0.05). The five important features for the differential diagnosis of follicular-patterned neoplasms (FA, FC, and FVPTC) from BN are maximal lesion diameter, composition, echogenicity, orientation, and patient's age. The most important features distinguishing FC and FVPTC from FA are rim calcifications and macrocalcifications, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Although follicular-patterned lesions have overlapping clinical and radiological features, the distinguishing features identified in our large clinical cohort may provide valuable information for preoperative distinction between them and decision-making regarding their management.

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Usefulness of ultrasound-guided core biopsy in thyroid nodules with inconclusive fine-needle aspiration biopsy findings. RADIOLOGIA 2022;64:195-205. [PMID: 35676051 DOI: 10.1016/j.rxeng.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To determine the diagnostic performance of ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy in thyroid nodules after two inconclusive fine-needle aspiration biopsies. To assess the complications of core-needle biopsy. To analyze the reliability of diagnoses obtained with core-needle biopsy. To measure the economic impact of avoiding lobectomies in patients with benign core-needle biopsy findings.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This retrospective study reviewed 195 core-needle biopsies in 178 patients. To determine the reliability of the core-needle biopsy findings, we compared the diagnosis from the core-needle specimen versus the histologic findings in the surgical specimens when core-needle biopsy findings indicated malignancy or follicular proliferation and versus the stability of the nodule on ultrasound follow-up for one year when core-biopsy findings indicated benignity.

RESULTS

Core-needle biopsy yielded a diagnosis for 179 (91.7%) nodules, of which 122 (62.5%) were classified as benign, 50 (25.6%) as follicular proliferation, and 7 (3.6%) as malignant. The findings were inconclusive for 16 (8.3%) nodules. Minor complications were observed in 4 (2%) patients; no major complications were observed. The sensitivity of core-needle biopsy for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer was low (42.8%) because the technique was unable to detect capsular or vascular invasion, although the specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) were 100%. However, when we considered histologic findings of malignancy and follicular proliferation positive because both require surgical resection, the sensitivity increased to 97.5% and the PPV decreased to 83.3%. There were 79 nodules with ultrasound follow-up for at least one year; 76 (96.2%) had negative core-needle biopsy findings, and 74 (97.3%) of these remained stable. The negative predictive value (NPV) for malignancy of the benign nodules was 98.6%, although no malignant transformation was observed. Nevertheless, the results of the statistical analysis do not allow us to recommend forgoing ultrasound follow-up in patients with benign core-biopsy findings. The cost savings of avoiding lobectomy in patients with benign nodules and stability of the nodule on ultrasound follow-up for at least one year was about 90%.

CONCLUSIONS

Core-needle biopsy of thyroid nodules is effective because it diagnoses more than 90% of nodules with inconclusive findings after fine-needle aspiration biopsy. It is safe if done by experienced professionals. It is reliable because it yields 100% specificity and 100% PPV for malignant nodule, 97.5% sensitivity for the detection of nodules that require surgery, and 98.6% NPV for benign nodules. It is efficient because it reduces the costs of diagnosis compared to lobectomy in benign nodules.

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Park JY, Yi SY, Baek SH, Lee YH, Kwon HJ, Park HJ. Diagnostic efficacy, performance and safety of side-cut core needle biopsy for thyroid nodules: comparison of automated and semi-automated biopsy needles. Endocrine 2022;76:341-348. [PMID: 35032314 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-02980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]

Matrone A, De Napoli L, Torregrossa L, Aghababyan A, Papini P, Ambrosini CE, Cervelli R, Ugolini C, Basolo F, Molinaro E, Elisei R, Materazzi G. Core Needle Biopsy Can Early and Precisely Identify Large Thyroid Masses. Front Oncol 2022;12:854755. [PMID: 35463338 PMCID: PMC9022105 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.854755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open

Abstract

Background

Large thyroid masses, particularly if rapidly growing, are often characterized by compression and infiltration of the vital structures of the neck. Therefore, an early and precise diagnosis, not only of malignancy but also of histotype, is mandatory to set up the right therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and core needle biopsy (CNB) in this setting.

Patients and Methods

We prospectively evaluated 95 patients with large and rapidly growing thyroid masses admitted to the University Hospital of Pisa between April 2014 and January 2020. All patients were submitted to FNAC and CNB in the same session. The ability of both procedures to diagnose the malignancy of the lesions, particularly the histotype, and to obtain sufficient material to perform molecular analysis was evaluated.

Results

FNAC obtained adequate tumor sample to reach a diagnosis in 76 of 95 (80%) patients, while a higher percentage was obtained with CNB (92/95, 96.8%). FNAC was able to identify the malignancy of the lesion in 74 of 95 (77.9%) cases, but only in 16 of 74 (21.6%) cases was it able to define the histotype. CNB was able to define the malignancy of the lesion in all but three cases (92/95, 96.8%), and in all specimens, the histotype was identified. Moreover, in all cases, the material extracted from CNB was optimal to perform molecular analysis. No surgery-related complications were experienced with both procedures.

Conclusions

CNB is a rapid and safe procedure with higher performance compared to FNAC in identifying the histotype of large and rapidly growing thyroid masses. Moreover, adequate material can be obtained to characterize the molecular profile for the treatment of potentially lethal cancers. In the era of precision medicine, CNB should be introduced in routine clinical practice as a key procedure for an early diagnosis and therapy of these diseases.

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Li Y, He H, Li W, Zhao J, Ge N, Zhang Y, Luo Y. Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for calcified benign thyroid nodules: results of over 5 years' follow-up. BMC Med Imaging 2022;22:75. [PMID: 35459125 PMCID: PMC9027040 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-022-00795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open

Kim K, Bae JS, Kim JS, Jung SL, Jung CK. Diagnostic Performance of Thyroid Core Needle Biopsy Using the Revised Reporting System: Comparison with Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022;37:159-169. [PMID: 35255608 PMCID: PMC8901962 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open

Bom WJ, Joosten FBM, van Borren MMGJ, Bom EP, van Eekeren RRJP, de Boer H. Radiofrequency ablation for symptomatic, non-functioning, thyroid nodules: a single-center learning curve. Endocr Connect 2022;11:EC-21-0304.R2. [PMID: 34887358 PMCID: PMC8859967 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]

Prediction of hemorrhagic complications after ultrasound-guided biopsy of the thyroid and neck. Eur Radiol 2022;32:4177-4185. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-08524-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]

Joo L, Na DG, Kim JH, Seo H. Comparison of Core Needle Biopsy and Repeat Fine-Needle Aspiration in Avoiding Diagnostic Surgery for Thyroid Nodules Initially Diagnosed as Atypia/Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance. Korean J Radiol 2022;23:280-288. [PMID: 35029081 PMCID: PMC8814697 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2021.0619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open

Abstract

Objective

To compare core needle biopsy (CNB) and repeat fine-needle aspiration (rFNA) to reduce the rate of diagnostic surgery and prevent unnecessary surgery in nodules initially diagnosed as atypia/follicular lesions of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS).

Materials and Methods

This study included 231 consecutive patients (150 female and 81 male; mean age ± standard deviation, 51.9 ± 11.7 years) with 235 thyroid nodules (≥ 1 cm) initially diagnosed as AUS/FLUS, who later underwent both rFNA and CNB. The nodules that required diagnostic surgery after the biopsy were defined using three different scenarios according to the rFNA and CNB results: criterion 1, surgery for low-risk indeterminate (categories I and III); criterion 2, surgery for high-risk indeterminate (categories IV and V); and criterion 3, surgery for all indeterminate nodules (categories I, III, IV, and V). We compared the expected rates of diagnostic surgery between CNB and rFNA in all 235 nodules using the three surgical criteria. In addition, the expected rates of unnecessary surgery (i.e., surgery for benign pathology) were compared in a subgroup of 182 nodules with available final diagnoses.

Results

CNB showed significantly lower rates of nondiagnostic, AUS/FLUS, and suspicious for malignancy diagnoses (p ≤ 0.016) and higher rates of follicular neoplasm or suspicious for a follicular neoplasm (p < 0.001) and malignant diagnoses (p = 0.031). CNB showed a significantly lower expected rate of diagnostic surgery than rFNA for criterion 1 (29.8% vs. 48.1%, p < 0.001) and criterion 3 (46.4% vs. 55.3%, p = 0.029), and a significantly higher rate for criterion 2 (16.6% vs. 7.2%, p = 0.001). CNB showed a significantly lower expected rate of unnecessary surgery than rFNA for criterion 1 (18.7% vs. 29.7%, p = 0.024).

Conclusion

CNB was superior to rFNA in reducing the rates of potential diagnostic surgery and unnecessary surgery for nodules initially diagnosed as AUS/FLUS in a scenario where nodules with low-risk indeterminate results (categories I and III) would undergo surgery.

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Vander Poorten V, Goedseels N, Triantafyllou A, Sanabria A, Clement PM, Cohen O, Golusinski P, Guntinas-Lichius O, Piazza C, Randolph GW, Rinaldo A, Ronen O, Cabanillas ME, Shaha AR, Teng Y, Tufano RP, Williams MD, Zafereo M, Ferlito A. Effectiveness of core needle biopsy in the diagnosis of thyroid lymphoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022;13:971249. [PMID: 36204100 PMCID: PMC9532007 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.971249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Both anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) and thyroid lymphoma (TL) clinically present as rapidly enlarging neck masses. Unfortunately, in this situation, like in any other thyroid swelling, a routine fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is the first and only diagnostic test performed at the initial contact in the average thyroid practice. FNA, however, has a low sensitivity in diagnosing ATC and TL, and by the time the often "inconclusive" result is known, precious time has evolved, before going for core-needle biopsy (CNB) or incisional biopsy (IB) as the natural next diagnostic steps.

OBJECTIVES

To determine the diagnostic value of CNB in the clinical setting of a rapidly enlarging thyroid mass, via a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available data on CNB reliability in the differential diagnosis of ATC and TL.

METHODS

A PubMed, Embase and Web of Science database search was performed on June 23th 2021. Population of interest comprised patients who underwent CNB for clinical or ultrasonographical suspicion of ATC or TL, patients with a final diagnosis of ATC or TL after CNB, or after IB following CNB.

RESULTS

From a total of 17 studies, 166 patients were included. One hundred and thirty-six were diagnosed as TL and 14 as ATC following CNB. CNB, with a sensitivity and positive predictive value of 94,3% and 100% for TL and 80,1% and 100% for ATC respectively, proved to be superior to FNA (reported sensitivity for TL of 48% and for ATC of 61%). Furthermore, the need for additional diagnostic surgery after CNB was only 6.2% for TL and 17.6% for ATC.

CONCLUSIONS

Immediately performing CNB for a suspected diagnosis of ATC and TL in a rapidly enlarging thyroid mass is more appropriate and straightforward than a stepped diagnostic pathway using FNA first and awaiting the result before doing CNB.

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Affiliation(s)

Vincent Vander Poorten Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Oncology, Section Head and Neck Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium *Correspondence: Vincent Vander Poorten,
Nathan Goedseels Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Oncology, Section Head and Neck Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Asterios Triantafyllou Department of Pathology, Liverpool Clinical Laboratories and School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Alvaro Sanabria Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia-Ips Universitaria, Medellín, Colombia
Paul M. Clement Department of Oncology, Section General Medical Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Oded Cohen Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Soroka Medical Center, affiliated with Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
Pawel Golusinski Department of Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Góra, Poland
Orlando Guntinas-Lichius Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Phoniatry/Pedaudiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
Cesare Piazza Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Gregory W. Randolph Division of Otolaryngology-Endocrine Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
Alessandra Rinaldo University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy
Ohad Ronen Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, affiliated with Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
Maria E. Cabanillas Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
Ashok R. Shaha Head and Neck Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
Yong Teng Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
Ralph P. Tufano Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States Division of Head and Neck Endocrine Surgery, Sarasota Memorial Health Care System, Sarasota, FL, United States
Michelle D. Williams Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
Mark Zafereo Department of Head & Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
Alfio Ferlito International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy

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Zhang L, Zhou W, Zhou JQ, Shi Q, Rago T, Gambelunghe G, Zou DZ, Gu J, Lu M, Chen F, Ren J, Cheng W, Zhou P, Spiezia S, Papini E, Zhan WW. 2022 Expert consensus on the use of laser ablation for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Int J Hyperthermia 2022;39:1254-1263. [PMID: 36123039 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2022.2122596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open

Liu LH, Yang BB, Liu Y, Wang JL, Wang DD, Ding HY, Wang SR. Factors related to the absorption rate of benign thyroid nodules after image-guided microwave ablation: a 3-year follow-up. Int J Hyperthermia 2021;39:8-14. [PMID: 34936851 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2021.1995632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open

Smith T, Kaufman CS. Ultrasound Guided Thyroid Biopsy. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2021;24:100768. [PMID: 34861967 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvir.2021.100768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]

Park SH. Introducing "Recommendation and Guideline" of the Korean Journal of Radiology. Korean J Radiol 2021;22:1929-1933. [PMID: 34825529 PMCID: PMC8628153 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2021.0785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open

Ha EJ, Chung SR, Na DG, Ahn HS, Chung J, Lee JY, Park JS, Yoo RE, Baek JH, Baek SM, Cho SW, Choi YJ, Hahn SY, Jung SL, Kim JH, Kim SK, Kim SJ, Lee CY, Lee HK, Lee JH, Lee YH, Lim HK, Shin JH, Sim JS, Sung JY, Yoon JH, Choi M. 2021 Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System and Imaging-Based Management of Thyroid Nodules: Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology Consensus Statement and Recommendations. Korean J Radiol 2021;22:2094-2123. [PMID: 34719893 PMCID: PMC8628155 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2021.0713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open

Affiliation(s)

Eun Ju Ha Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
Sae Rom Chung Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Dong Gyu Na Department of Radiology, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea.
Hye Shin Ahn Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Jin Chung Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Ji Ye Lee Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Jeong Seon Park Department of Radiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
Roh-Eul Yoo Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Jung Hwan Baek Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Sun Mi Baek Department of Radiology, Haeundae Sharing and Happiness Hospital, Busan, Korea
Seong Whi Cho Department of Radiology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
Yoon Jung Choi Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Soo Yeon Hahn Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
So Lyung Jung Department of Radiology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
Ji-Hoon Kim Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Seul Kee Kim Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
Soo Jin Kim Department of Radiology, New Korea Hospital, Gimpo, Korea
Chang Yoon Lee Department of Radiology, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
Ho Kyu Lee Department of Radiology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
Jeong Hyun Lee Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Young Hen Lee Department of Radiology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
Hyun Kyung Lim Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
Jung Hee Shin Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Jung Suk Sim Department of Radiology, Withsim Clinic, Seongnam, Korea
Jin Young Sung Department of Radiology and Thyroid Center, Daerim St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
Jung Hyun Yoon Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Miyoung Choi Division for Healthcare Technology Assessment Research, National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Seoul, Korea

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Yan L, Zhang M, Song Q, Luo Y. Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Thyroid Lobectomy for Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study of 884 Patients. Thyroid 2021;31:1662-1672. [PMID: 34269611 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2021.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]

Abstract

Background: Thermal ablation (TA) has been applied in patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) who refuse surgery or active surveillance (AS). Recently, TA has been proposed as a potential therapeutic option for patients who are suitable for surgery or AS. However, the clinical outcomes of TA versus surgery remains controversial because of a lack of sufficient data. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes between radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus thyroid lobectomy (TL) for low-risk PTMC in a large cohort. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 884 patients with unifocal low-risk PTMC treated with TL or RFA from June 2014 to March 2018. Among them, 460 patients underwent TL (TL group) and 424 patients, who refused surgery or AS, underwent RFA (RFA group). Patients were regularly followed up after treatment. Local tumor progression, recurrence-free survival (RFS), complications, and treatment variables, including procedure time, estimated blood loss, hospitalization, and cost, were compared after propensity score matching (PSM). Results: After PSM, a total of 332 patients underwent TL (mean ages 43.8 ± 9.5 years) and 332 underwent RFA (mean ages 44.1 ± 9.5 years). During the follow-up (median [interquartile ranges], 48.3 [23.2] months), no significant differences were observed in local tumor progression (1.8% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.209), lymph node metastasis (0.6% vs. 0.6%, p = 1.000), recurrent PTMC (1.2% vs. 2.4%, p = 0.244), persistent lesion (0% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.317), and 4-year RFS rates (98.2% vs. 97.0%, p = 0.223) between the TL and RFA groups. Distant metastasis was not detected. None of the patients who were treated by RFA underwent delayed surgery. Patients undergoing RFA had shorter procedure time (3.4 [2.5] vs. 86.0 [37.0] minutes, p < 0.001), lower estimated blood loss (0 vs. 20 [10.0] mL, p < 0.001), shorter hospitalization (0 vs. 7.0 [3.0] days, p < 0.001), lower cost ($2035.7 [254.0] vs. $2269.1 [943.4], p < 0.001) and lower complication rate (0% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.001) than those treated by TL. The association between treatment modality and recurrence remained nonsignificant after Cox analysis (p = 0.247). Conclusions: This large matched study revealed comparable four-year clinical outcomes between RFA and TL for low-risk PTMC. As a minimally invasive modality, RFA may be a promising alternative to the existing treatment options for low-risk PTMC.

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Lee JY, Baek JH, Ha EJ, Sung JY, Shin JH, Kim JH, Lee MK, Jung SL, Lee YH, Ahn HS, Yoon JH, Choi YJ, Park JS, Lee YJ, Choi M, Na DG. 2020 Imaging Guidelines for Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology. Korean J Radiol 2021;22:840-860. [PMID: 33660459 PMCID: PMC8076832 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2020.0578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open

Affiliation(s)

Ji Ye Lee Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Jung Hwan Baek Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
Eun Ju Ha Department of Radiology, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
Jin Yong Sung Department of Radiology and Thyroid Center, Daerim St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
Jung Hee Shin Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Ji Hoon Kim Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Min Kyoung Lee Department of Radiology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
So Lyung Jung Department of Radiology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
Young Hen Lee Department of Radiology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
Hye Shin Ahn Department of Radiology and Thyroid Center, Chungang University Hospital, Chungang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Jung Hyun Yoon Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Yoon Jung Choi Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Jeong Seon Park Department of Radiology, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Yoo Jin Lee Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
Miyoung Choi Division for Healthcare Technology Assessment Research, National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Seoul, Korea
Dong Gyu Na Department of Radiology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea

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Ha EJ, Shin JH, Na DG, Jung SL, Lee YH, Paik W, Hong MJ, Kim YK, Lee CY. Comparison of the diagnostic performance of the modified Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System for thyroid malignancy with three international guidelines. Ultrasonography 2021;40:594-601. [PMID: 34044490 PMCID: PMC8446501 DOI: 10.14366/usg.21056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open

Hahn SY, Shin JH, Oh YL, Park KW. Ultrasonographic characteristics of medullary thyroid carcinoma according to nodule size: application of the Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System and American Thyroid Association guidelines. Acta Radiol 2021;62:474-482. [PMID: 32493032 DOI: 10.1177/0284185120929699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]

Ahn HS, Youn I, Na DG, Kim SJ, Lee MY. Diagnostic performance of core needle biopsy as a first-line diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules according to ultrasound patterns: Comparison with fine needle aspiration using propensity score matching analysis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2021;94:494-503. [PMID: 32869866 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]

Kim YH, Choi IH, Lee JE, Kim Z, Han SW, Hur SM, Lee J. Late recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer from needle tract implantation after core needle biopsy: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2021;9:218-223. [PMID: 33511188 PMCID: PMC7809670 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i1.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Maletta F, Garberoglio S, Bisceglia A, Ragni A, Retta F, Gallo M, Garberoglio R, Papotti M. Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation for a Small Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Patient Unfit for Surgery: A Case Report. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021;12:566362. [PMID: 33854477 PMCID: PMC8040516 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.566362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open

Raveh Gildin N, Cohen H, Ronen O. Not All Bethesda 1 Thyroid Nodules Were Created Equal: Different B1 Subgroups. Endocr Pract 2020;27:223-227. [PMID: 33779555 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]

CCNA1 gene as a potential diagnostic marker in papillary thyroid cancer. Acta Histochem 2020;122:151635. [PMID: 33007517 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]

Abstract

The malignancy that most affects the endocrine system is thyroid neoplasm, with an increasing incidence over the years. The most prevalent histological type of the carcinomas that affect the thyroid gland is papillary carcinoma with a prevalence of 80 % worldwide. The current diagnostic methodology may present inconclusive results, emphasizing the need for new effective and sensitive techniques to aid the diagnosis. For this, it is necessary to understand molecular and protein mechanisms in the identification of diagnostic and predictive markers in the lesions. The Cyclin A1 protein, encoded by the CCNA1 gene, is an important cell cycle regulator, belonging to the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway directly involved with thyroid cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the CCNA1 gene and Cyclin A1 protein expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma, and benign thyroid lesions, by real time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis, respectively, to verify their roles as potential diagnostic and predictive markers to future applications in the clinical routine. Overexpression of CCNA1 gene was observed in the papillary carcinoma group compared to the normal group (P = 0.0023), benign lesions (P = 0.0011), colloid goiter (P = 0.0124), and follicular carcinoma (P = 0.0063). No differential expression was observed in the papillary primary tumor group from negative lymph nodes compared with the one from positive lymph nodes (P = 0.3818). Although an increased expression of Cyclin A1 was observed in the PTC group compared to the other one in the IHC analysis, no significant difference was observed (Fisher's exact Test). A Cyclin A1 overexpression was detected with weak to mid-moderate immunoreactivity in the benign group (k = 0.56), (score 1.5); mid-moderate to moderate in the goiter group (k = 0.58); weak in the FTC group (k = 0.33); and mid-moderate to moderate in the PTC group (k = 0.48). Due to the small sample size in the IHC analysis and to the fact that not all RNA is translated into protein, the diagnostic potential of Cyclin A1 could not be assessed. However, these findings highlight the potential of the CCNA1 gene as a diagnostic marker for papillary thyroid carcinoma.

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Cho SJ, Baek SM, Lim HK, Lee KD, Son JM, Baek JH. Long-Term Follow-Up Results of Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation for Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: More Than 5-Year Follow-Up for 84 Tumors. Thyroid 2020;30:1745-1751. [PMID: 32375570 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2020.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]

Abstract

Background: Despite reports describing favorable short-term results for thermal ablation of thyroid cancer, there remains a need to evaluate long-term results because of its indolent characteristics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of ultrasound (US)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) over a follow-up period of more than five years. Methods: From a cohort of patients under surveillance after US-guided RFA for primary low-risk PTMC, those with a record of follow-up data of more than five years were selected for this study. Before RFA, all patients underwent US and computed tomography to evaluate the PTMC and the presence of neck metastasis. RFA was performed using thyroid-dedicated electrodes. Follow-up US was performed 6 and 12 months after initial RFA, and then every 12 months. The status of ablated tumors was evaluated according to volume reduction, local tumor progression, newly developed cancers, lymph node (LN) or distant metastasis, and delayed surgery during follow-up. Complications during the procedure and follow-up period were evaluated. Results: A total of 84 nodules from 74 patients were included in this study. All patients tolerated RFA, and the mean follow-up duration was 72 months. After RFA, complete disappearance rates of 98.8% and 100% were achieved at 24 and 60-month follow-up, respectively. Additional ablations were performed in 13 of 84 tumors. The mean number of RFA sessions was 1.2. There were four newly developed cancers in three patients, and these were also treated with RFA and completely disappeared. During the follow-up period, there was no local tumor progression, no LN or distant metastasis, and no patients underwent delayed surgery. The major complication rate was 1.4% (1/74), and there was no delayed complication or procedure-related death. Conclusions: RFA is effective for treating low-risk PTMC patients, without occurrence of local tumor progression, LN or distant metastasis, delayed complications, procedure-related death, or delayed surgery over more than five years of follow-up.

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