|
1
|
Niakan S, Love H, Cao Q, Kawar N. Primary invasive lobular carcinoma arising in mammary-like glands of the vulva managed with neoadjuvant trastuzumab-based chemotherapy, excision, and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:118-122. [PMID: 33489145 PMCID: PMC7813003 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A rare case of Her2/neu-positive mammary-like gland adenocarcinoma of the vulva treated with neoadjuvant therapy, trastuzumab, and achieved complete pathological response on excision, adjuvant radiation, complicated by brain metastasis recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Niakan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical School‐BaystateSpringfieldMAUSA
| | - Heather Love
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical School‐BaystateSpringfieldMAUSA
| | - Qing Cao
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical School‐BaystateSpringfieldMAUSA
| | - Nada Kawar
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical School‐BaystateSpringfieldMAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Ananthula A, Lockwood B, Savage J, Malak S, Chen C, Makhoul I, Pennisi A. Primary Breast Carcinoma of the Vulva Metastatic to Lymph Nodes and Bones: A Case Report and Literature Review. Perm J 2020; 24:19.084. [PMID: 32097114 DOI: 10.7812/tpp/19.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary breast carcinoma can occur at ectopic sites. The axilla is the most common site of ectopic primary breast cancer, but presentation in the vulva is rare. We discuss a rare presentation of primary breast carcinoma of the vulva with distant lymph node and bone metastases in a premenopausal woman. CASE PRESENTATION A vulvar malignancy consistent with adenocarcinoma of the mammary gland type was diagnosed in a 47-year-old premenopausal woman. The patient underwent radical vulvectomy with bilateral superficial and deep inguinal lymphadenectomy. The tumor was positive for estrogen receptor and negative for progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu on immunohistochemical findings. A positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan demonstrated lymph node and bone metastases. Her disease was treated as stage IV breast cancer with metastases to the bone. Palliative treatment with ovarian suppression, aromatase inhibitor, and cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor was recommended. DISCUSSION For a diagnosis of primary breast cancer of the vulva, a thorough metastatic workup should be performed, with attention directed toward detecting a breast primary disease by results of the history, physical examination, and radiologic examination of the breasts mainly to help confirm that the vulvar lesion is the primary site as opposed to metastasis from a breast primary cancer and also for staging. Management of this rare entity is challenging because of a lack of specific guidelines, and treatment, therefore, is similar to that of breast cancer.Treatment should consist of an individualized combination of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and antiestrogen hormonal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneesha Ananthula
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - Blake Lockwood
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - John Savage
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - Sharp Malak
- Department of Radiology and Epidemiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - Chien Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - Issam Makhoul
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - Angela Pennisi
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Aramin H, Koirala P, Shah A, Adams K, Buza N, Desai S, Fairbairn M, Goldenberg D, Gao W, Chuang L, Vidhun R, Andikyan V. Metachronous vulvar ectopic breast cancer, a case report and literature review. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2019; 30:100515. [PMID: 31867432 PMCID: PMC6890968 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2019.100515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
When two or more primary tumors arise at the same time, they are considered synchronous. A metachronous tumor in a new primary that develops after an initial cancer diagnosis. The diagnosis of vulvar breast cancer is primarily histopathologic, based on morphology and immunostaining. Identifying a cancer as a metastasis versus as synchronous/metachronous significantly impacts staging and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hermineh Aramin
- Department of Pathology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA
| | - Pratistha Koirala
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA
| | - Abhishek Shah
- Department of Pathology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA
| | - Kendall Adams
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA
| | - Natalia Buza
- Department of Pathology Yale School of Medicine New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sapna Desai
- Department of Pathology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA
| | - Melissa Fairbairn
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA
| | - David Goldenberg
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA
| | - Wenli Gao
- Department of Oncology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA
| | - Linus Chuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA
| | - Ramapriya Vidhun
- Department of Pathology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA
| | - Vaagn Andikyan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network Danbury, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Matak L, Dukić B, Tupek T, Lisica-Šikić N, Mikuš M. Primary ectopic lobular breast cancer of the vulva: case report and review of literature. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2019; 40:727-730. [PMID: 31352845 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2019.1623182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luka Matak
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zadar General Hospital, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Branko Dukić
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zadar General Hospital, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Tvrtko Tupek
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Mislav Mikuš
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Postpartum Galactostasis of the Vulva in a Case of Bilateral Lactating Ectopic Breast Tissue. Obstet Gynecol 2019; 134:138-140. [PMID: 31188316 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000003313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the general population, the incidence of accessory breast tissue, a congenital malformation, is 1-5%. The most common site is the lower axilla. Detecting such tissue may be problematic, and accessory breasts below the umbilicus are extremely rare. CASE This report describes the case of a 5-day postpartum 29-year-old woman, G2P2, with painful vulvar swelling 6 cm in diameter. The patient was diagnosed with polymastia in the vulva, without polythelia, with galactostasis due to suturing of a birth laceration covering an excretory duct. The sutures were removed, and the pain decreased. Breastfeeding was continued. CONCLUSION Ectopic breast tissue is rare but should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of a vulvar mass, especially postpartum in lactating women.
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Al-Mansouri L, Poursoltan P, Simons M, Muljono A, Boyages J. Primary breast cancer of the vulva: A case report and literature review. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2018; 44:2190-2194. [PMID: 30125424 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An elderly lady presented with a 2-year history of intermittent vaginal bleeding and later the development of a vulvovaginal mass. A core biopsy histology specimen from the mass and the left inguinal lymph node was suggestive of metastatic adenocarcinoma of breast origin. No breast lesion was detected on mammography, and axillary nodes were negative. The histopathologic features and the expression of GATA3, cytokeratin (CK)7, mammaglobin staining and estrogen and progesterone receptors led to a diagnosis of breast cancer originating from the ectopic mammary tissue in the vulva. Given the rarity of these lesions, and the lack of standard treatment guidelines, the management of the patient was extrapolated from the established breast cancer treatment guidelines. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy followed by hormone therapy with aromatase inhibitor were administered to this patient in the metastatic setting with good palliation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loma Al-Mansouri
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pirooz Poursoltan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mary Simons
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anita Muljono
- Histopathologist/Cytopathologist, Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology, Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Boyages
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Lopes A, St Louis J, Balancin ML, Nogueira-Rodrigues A, Silva LCFF, Paulino E, Sá BS, Bukowski A, Barbosa EM, Costa RLR, Goss PE. A Rare Presentation of Primary Breast Carcinoma in the Vulva: A Case Report and Literature Review. Clin Breast Cancer 2017; 18:e291-e294. [PMID: 28709748 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andre Lopes
- Gynecology Department, Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jessica St Louis
- The Global Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; MGH-Avon Global Breast Cancer Program, Boston, MA
| | | | - Angelica Nogueira-Rodrigues
- The Global Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; MGH-Avon Global Breast Cancer Program, Boston, MA; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Brazilian Group of Gynecologic Oncology, EVA, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luana C F F Silva
- Medical Oncology Department, Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Paulino
- The Global Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; MGH-Avon Global Breast Cancer Program, Boston, MA; Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bianca Silveira Sá
- Mastology Department, Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Bukowski
- The Global Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; MGH-Avon Global Breast Cancer Program, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Paul E Goss
- The Global Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; MGH-Avon Global Breast Cancer Program, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Ishigaki T, Toriumi Y, Nosaka R, Kudou R, Imawari Y, Kamio M, Nogi H, Shioya H, Takeyama H. Primary ectopic breast cancer of the vulva, treated with local excision of the vulva and sentinel lymph node biopsy: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2017; 3:69. [PMID: 28510222 PMCID: PMC5433958 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-017-0343-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary breast cancer fairly infrequently occurs in ectopic breast tissue, and primary ectopic breast cancer of the vulva is particularly rare. Only 26 cases have been published in the English-language literature, and there has been no report of primary breast carcinoma of the vulva in Japan. We report a rare case of primary ectopic breast cancer of the vulva that was treated with local excision of the vulva and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). The patient was a 72-year-old woman who had noticed a right vulvar tumor 10 years earlier. The tumor was excised by the Department of Plastic Surgery of our hospital. The histology of the vulvar tumor revealed an invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, and immunohistochemical staining of the vulvar specimen showed the tumor cells to be 100% estrogen-receptor-positive and 100% progesterone-receptor-positive. All margins of resection were positive for neoplastic involvement. An additional local excision of the vulva and right inguinal SLNB were performed in our department. The intraoperative frozen section was negative for metastasis, and lymph node dissection was not performed. The final pathology was negative for residual disease, and a partially normal ductal component was present. Adjuvant hormonal therapy with an aromatase inhibitor was indicated post-operatively. The patient was asymptomatic and free of detectable disease at a 6-month follow-up. Due to the rarity of this diagnosis, there are no established guidelines for treatment. Although cases in which SLNB was performed are rare, we consider SLNB to be an effective alternative to inguinal node dissection for ectopic primary breast cancer of the vulva.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Ishigaki
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Yasuo Toriumi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Ryouko Nosaka
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Rei Kudou
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Imawari
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Makiko Kamio
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nogi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hisashi Shioya
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeyama
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Kredentser AM, Kredentser DC. Adenocarcinoma of the Vulva Arising in Ectopic Breast Tissue: A Case Series and Literature Review. J Gynecol Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1089/gyn.2016.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
|
10
|
Collision of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of Anogenital Mammary-like Glands and Vulvar Sarcomatoid Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2016; 34:487-94. [PMID: 26107561 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A spectrum of invasive adenocarcinomas presumably arising from the anogenital mammary-like glands of the vulva has been reported. Even rarer are the cases of pure ductal carcinoma in situ that originated from these unique glandular structures. Herein, we report an 81-yr-old woman presented with an invasive well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Unexpectedly, the underlying dermis demonstrated a cystically dilated structure that displayed a layer of malignant squamous cells in the periphery, and a second centrally located population of neoplastic cells exhibiting glandular differentiation. In addition, a spindle and pleomorphic malignant cell population consistent with a sarcomatoid carcinoma was identified around the cystic structure. Scattered benign anogenital mammary-like glands were present in the adjacent dermis. The histologic and immunohistochemical findings were consistent with those of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma that has undergone sarcomatoid transformation after spreading in a pagetoid fashion into an underlying focus of ductal carcinoma in situ of anogenital mammary-like gland origin.
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Cripe J, Eskander R, Tewari K. Sentinel lymph node mapping of a breast cancer of the vulva: Case report and literature review. World J Clin Oncol 2015; 6:16-21. [PMID: 25866706 PMCID: PMC4390890 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v6.i2.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectopic breast tissue is rare and typically presents as an axillary mass. Previous reports have identified ectopic breast tissue in the vulva, but malignancy is exceedingly uncommon. We present a 62 years old with locally advanced breast carcinoma arising in the vulva demonstrates the utilization of sentinel lymph node mapping to identify metastatic lymph nodes previously unable to be identified via traditional surgical exploration. Our case supports the principles of adjuvant therapy for breast cancer to be applied to ectopic breast cancer arising in the vulva. A literature review highlights common key points in similar cases to guide management.
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Pieh-Holder KL. Lactational ectopic breast tissue of the vulva: case report and brief historical review. Breastfeed Med 2013; 8:223-5. [PMID: 23268658 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2012.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Ectopic breast tissue is defined as glands of breast tissue located outside of the normal anatomic breasts. Historically, ectopic breast tissue has been thought to arise from a remnant of the embryonic mammary ridge along the "milk line" or the midaxillary line from the axilla to the groin, including the vulvar region. Extramammary tissue displays the same pathologic and physiologic changes as normal breast tissue and is often discovered in multiparous women as the result of swelling from lactational activity. We present a case report of a gravid patient with lactating vulvar mass and a brief historical perspective of vulvar ectopic breast tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Pieh-Holder
- Vidant Medical Center and Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Lamb A, Darus CJ, Skripenova S, Weisberg T, Miesfeldt S. Association of primary breast cancer of the vulva with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:e231-2. [PMID: 23530107 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.45.5972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Lamb
- Cancer Risk and Prevention Program, Maine Medical Center Cancer Institute, Maine Medical Center, Scarborough, ME 04107, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
14
|
|
|
15
|
Zhang C, Quddus MR, Sung CJ, Moore RG, Lawrence WD. Vulvar encapsulated solid papillary carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: a case report. Int J Surg Pathol 2011; 20:97-100. [PMID: 21427093 DOI: 10.1177/1066896911401387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A 40-year-old woman underwent excision of a painless left vulvar mass. The specimen showed a well-circumscribed mass measuring 3.5 × 2.7 × 2.5 cm. Microscopic examination exhibited an encapsulated neoplasm with a solid and papillary growth pattern. The tumor cells were oval to columnar and showed moderate nuclear atypia. No capsular invasion was identified. Immunonegativity for calponin and p63 confirmed the absence of myoepithelial cells either within or at the periphery of the tumor. The tumor was immunopositive for gross cystic disease fluid protein 15, synaptophysin, and chromogranin. The histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics were consistent with an encapsulated solid papillary carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. The patient has been free of disease for 4 years after surgery. This is the first report of a vulvar encapsulated solid papillary carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. Correct diagnosis is imperative because of the distinct biologic behavior of the tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cunxian Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02905, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
16
|
Supernumerary nipple presenting as a vulvar mass in an adolescent: case report and literature review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2009; 22:e41-4. [PMID: 19493516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2008.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2008] [Revised: 03/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ectopic breast tissues can be found along the embryonic mammary ridges and can occur in the vulva. While ectopic breast tissue is not uncommon, functional breast with overlying nipple located within the vulva is exceedingly rare. CASE A 17-year-old with undiagnosed hypothyroidism presents with vulvar mass draining milky white fluid. A small lesion with appearance similar to a skin tag is noted and milky fluid expressed. Biopsy and excision of this mass confirmed the presence of a functional supernumerary nipple. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS This appears to be the first reported case of a supernumerary nipple with symptomatic lactation in a non-pregnant adolescent. Supernumerary nipple should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a vulvar mass. Ectopic breast tissue in the vulva can undergo malignant transformation, therefore excision of this tissue is generally recommended.
Collapse
|
|
17
|
England E, Harms M, Zanetto U. Ectopic breast tissue presenting as a persistent vulval swelling in a primary care minor surgery clinic: a case report and review of the literature. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2007; 47:424-5. [PMID: 17877604 DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-828x.2007.00770.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|