• Alcohol
• Breast cancer
• Depression
• Lifestyle
• Obesity, smoking
• Physical activity

• 1K01HL175206 NHLBI NIH HHS
• TR003107 NCATS NIH HHS

• Breast cancer
• Cancer survivorship
• Cardiovascular disease
• Obesity
• Weight gain

• Humans
• Female
• Middle Aged
• Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology
• Breast Neoplasms/complications
• Breast Neoplasms/therapy
• Cancer Survivors/statistics & numerical data
• Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology
• Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology
• Incidence
• Adult
• Republic of Korea/epidemiology
• Obesity/epidemiology
• Obesity/complications
• Aged
• Risk Factors
• Weight Gain
• Cohort Studies
• Follow-Up Studies

• Adjuvant endocrine therapy
• Breast cancer
• Obesity
• Patient-reported outcomes
• Weight gain

• Humans
• Female
• Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Weight Gain/drug effects
• Middle Aged
• Postmenopause
• Premenopause
• Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects
• Prospective Studies
• Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/adverse effects
• Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use
• Aged
• Adult

• 5 NU58DP006673 CDC HHS
• 5 NU58DP006673 CDC HHS
• 5 NU58DP006673 CDC HHS
• Susan G. Komen Foundation
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

• Age
• Breast cancer
• Patient reported outcomes
• Physical functioning

• Humans
• Breast Neoplasms/therapy
• Patient Reported Outcome Measures
• Female
• Age Factors
• Quality of Life
• Aged
• Middle Aged
• Adult

• Cancer
• Neoplasm
• Nurses
• Nutrition
• Survivorship

• Humans
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Tertiary Care Centers
• Cancer Survivors
• Quality of Life
• Diet, Healthy
• Nurses
• Neoplasms

Regular physical activity (PA) and healthy body weight have proven benefits on survival in breast cancer (BC) survivors. We aimed to define predictors of long-term PA and weight gain in a representative sample of BC survivors.

Data were analysed from 723 women with BC who participated in both the 2012 and 2015 French National VICAN surveys.

Five years after diagnosis, 26.0, 60.6, and 13.4 % of BC survivors reported regular, occasional and no PA, respectively. Moreover, 27.4 % had a weight gain ≥5 kg. In multinomial logistic regressions, regular and occasional PA were both associated with not having depressive disorders, with higher post-traumatic growth, and with a healthy and stable Body Mass Index. Occasional PA was associated with the use of non-conventional medicine, and regular PA with better mental quality of life and normal arm mobility. Weight gain ≥5 kg was associated with younger age, heavier body weight at diagnosis, and lymphedema 5 years after diagnosis.

Mental well-being is associated with successful long-term patient investment in PA. Psychological support and early management of disease sequelae are needed to help ensure BC survivors engage in and maintain healthy lifestyles.

•

A quarter of breast cancer survivors at 5 years reported regular physical activity.

• Body weight
• Breast cancer
• Long-term survivorship
• Physical activity

Weight gain is a potential negative outcome of breast-cancer treatment, occurring in 50%-to-96% of breast-cancer patients, although the amount of weight gain is inconsistently reported in the literature. Research has also shown a relationship between overweight/obesity and breast-cancer mortality. Correspondingly, weight management is a self-care approach known to benefit quality of life (QOL). These research questions and analysis add to existing literature by examining participants’ body mass index (BMI) trend and its relationship with QOL indicators over seven years.

To examine: (1) BMI trends among breast cancer survivors; and (2) The trends’ relationship to QOL indicators over seven years.

During the Breast Cancer and Lymphedema Project, 378 patients’ weight and height were recorded by nurses prior to or just after beginning breast cancer treatment and repeated at quarterly-to-semiannual intervals over seven years. Additionally, participants annually completed the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), a valid and reliable tool assessing QOL and health concepts, including physical function, pain, and emotional well-being. BMI trends, change in BMI, and change in SF-36 subscales over seven years were calculated using a random-intercept repeated-measures regression. Patients were placed into BMI categories at each time point: Normal, Overweight and Obese. As patients’ weights changed, they were categorized accordingly.

During the seven-year study and while controlling for age and residence, participants gained an average of 0.3534 kg/m² (P = 0.0009). This amount remained fairly consistent across BMI categories with those in the normal-weight category (n = 134) gaining 0.4546 kg/m² (P = 0.0003); Overweight (n = 190) gaining 0.2985 kg/m² (P = 0.0123); and obese (n = 199) gaining 0.3147 kg/m², (P = 0.0649). Age (under or over 55) and region (metro/micro vs small/rural) were significantly associated with BMI increase in both the normal and obese categories. There were statistically significant (P < 0.0100) changes in five of the eight SF-36 domains; however, the directions of change were different and somewhat divergent from that hypothesized. Controlling for age and region, these five were statistically significant, so there were no change or differences between the micropolitan/metropolitan and small town/rural groups.

Although only modest increases in mean BMI were observed, mean BMI change was associated with selected QOL indicators, suggesting the continued need for self-care emphasis during breast cancer survivorship.

• Breast cancer
• Survivorship
• Breast cancer treatment effects
• Quality of life

• Breast cancer
• Healthy lifestyle
• Intervention
• Narrative
• Qualitative
• Survivor
• Weight management

• Aromatase inhibitor
• Breast neoplasm
• Obesity

• Activities of Daily Living
• Adipose Tissue
• Adiposity/drug effects
• Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/adverse effects
• Body Mass Index
• Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Breast Neoplasms/pathology
• Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Disability Evaluation
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Middle Aged
• Prognosis
• Risk Assessment/methods
• Time Factors

• Aspirin
• BMI
• NSAID
• Physical activity
• Tobacco

• Breast cancer
• Endocrine treatment
• Weight gain

• Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/adverse effects
• Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use
• Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Clinical Trials as Topic
• Female
• Humans
• Observational Studies as Topic
• Quality of Life
• Risk Factors
• Survival Analysis
• Treatment Outcome
• Weight Gain

• hiv
• aging
• wasting
• sarcopenia
• frailty
• falls

• Adult
• HIV Wasting Syndrome/pathology
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Motor Activity
• Prospective Studies

• U01 AI035042 NIAID NIH HHS
• UL1 TR001079 NCATS NIH HHS
• K23 AG050260 NIA NIH HHS
• K24AI120834 NIAID NIH HHS
• U01 AI035041 NIAID NIH HHS
• UM1 AI035043 NIAID NIH HHS
• K23 AI110532 NIAID NIH HHS
• U01 AI035040 NIAID NIH HHS
• K23AG050260 NIA NIH HHS
• UL1-TR001079 NCATS NIH HHS
• U01 AI035039 NIAID NIH HHS
• K23AI110532 NIAID NIH HHS
• K24 AI120834 NIAID NIH HHS

Rationale. Many cancer patients and survivors do not meet nutritional and physical activity guidelines, thus healthier eating and greater levels of physical activity could have considerable benefits for these individuals. While research has investigated cancer survivors’ perspective on their challenges in meeting the nutrition and physical guidelines, little research has examined how health professionals may assist their patients meet these guidelines. Cancer nurses are ideally placed to promote healthy behaviours to their patients, especially if access to dieticians or dietary resources is limited. However, little is known about cancer nurses’ healthy eating promotion practices to their patients. The primary aim of this study was to examine current healthy eating promotion practices, beliefs and barriers of cancer nurses in Australia and New Zealand. A secondary aim was to gain insight into whether these practices, beliefs and barriers were influenced by the nurses’ hospital or years of work experience.

Patients and Methods. An online questionnaire was used to obtain data. Sub-group cancer nurse comparisons were performed on hospital location (metropolitan vs regional and rural) and years of experience (<25 or ≥25 years) using ANOVA and chi square analysis for continuous and categorical data respectively.

Results. A total of 123 Australasian cancer nurses responded to the survey. Cancer nurses believed they were often the major provider of nutritional advice to their cancer patients (32.5%), a value marginally less than dieticians (35.9%) but substantially higher than oncologists (3.3%). The majority promoted healthy eating prior (62.6%), during (74.8%) and post treatment (64.2%). Most cancer nurses felt that healthy eating had positive effects on the cancer patients’ quality of life (85.4%), weight management (82.9%), mental health (80.5%), activities of daily living (79.7%) and risk of other chronic diseases (79.7%), although only 75.5% agreed or strongly agreed that this is due to a strong evidence base. Lack of time (25.8%), adequate support structures (17.3%) nutrition expertise (12.2%) were cited by the cancer nurses as the most common barriers to promoting healthy eating to their patients. Comparisons based on their hospital location and years of experience, revealed very few significant differences, indicating that cancer nurses’ healthy eating promotion practices, beliefs and barriers were largely unaffected by hospital location or years of experience.

Conclusion. Australasian cancer nurses have favourable attitudes towards promoting healthy eating to their cancer patients across multiple treatment stages and believe that healthy eating has many benefits for their patients. Unfortunately, several barriers to healthy eating promotion were reported. If these barriers can be overcome, nurses may be able to work more effectively with dieticians to improve the outcomes for cancer patients.

• Cancer nurses
• Cancer patients
• Health professional
• Health promotion
• Healthy eating
• Nutrition
• Oncology

• Breast
• Functioning
• Physical activity
• Prostate
• Survivors
• Symptoms
• Weight loss

• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Body Mass Index
• Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology
• Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology
• Comorbidity
• Diet
• Exercise
• Female
• Humans
• Life Style
• Male
• Obesity/epidemiology
• Obesity/prevention & control
• Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology
• Survivors
• Weight Loss

• R01 CA106919 NCI NIH HHS
• CA106919 NCI NIH HHS
• P30 CA13148-40 NCI NIH HHS
• 2 T32 HS013852 AHRQ HHS
• P30 DK079626 NIDDK NIH HHS
• P30 CA013148 NCI NIH HHS
• K12 HS023009 AHRQ HHS
• T32 HS013852 AHRQ HHS
• HS013852-07 AHRQ HHS
• T32 HS013852-07 AHRQ HHS
• P30 AG028716 NIA NIH HHS
• P30AG028716 NIA NIH HHS

• Diet
• Humans
• Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/prevention & control
• Survivors
• Weight Reduction Programs

• R01 CA160684 NCI NIH HHS
• UM1 CA173642 NCI NIH HHS

• Black/African-American
• Breast cancer
• Disability
• Philadelphia, Pa
• Upper extremity function

• breast cancer
• breast cancer treatment
• breast reconstruction
• breast surgery complication
• obesity

• Breast cancer
• comprehensive geriatric assessment
• geroscience
• multimorbidity
• survivorship care plans

Breast cancer is the second most common cause of death from cancer among women. Lifestyle changes are shown to be important in the prevention of breast cancer. Diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol use, and vitamin and mineral use are key factors influencing the risk of breast cancer among women. Because these factors are related to each other, it is difficult to assess their individual roles in breast cancer. Some of these factors are alterable, meaning that women can decrease their risk for breast cancer by changing their behavior. Breast cancer is associated with a high rate of mortality and morbidity among women. Therefore, it is logical to try to find ways to decrease the risk of developing breast cancer. Lifestyle changes seem to be an easy, effective, and economical way to help prevention breast cancer. In women with a confirmed breast cancer diagnosis who are under radiotherapy treatment after undergoing a mastectomy, lifestyle changes are still very important. Some factors, such as smoking cessation and prevention of weight gain, may improve the long-term survival chances of these patients. Therefore, ways to increase women’s knowledge about the role of lifestyle changes in the prevention of breast cancer and in the survival of patients with diagnosed breast cancer should be considered and studied.

• breast cancer
• lifestyle
• prevention