• Breast cancer
• Cervical cancer
• Colorectal cancer
• DVD
• Health equity
• Health inequality
• Mammography
• Oncology
• Screening

• Humans
• Early Detection of Cancer
• Healthcare Disparities
• Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Neoplasms/prevention & control
• Video Recording

• Viatris

• female
• humans
• male
• anxiety
• anxiety/therapy
• diabetes mellitus
• health literacy
• hiv infections
• quality of life
• randomized controlled trials as topic
• transients and migrants

• Male
• Female
• Humans
• Health Literacy
• Transients and Migrants
• Anxiety/therapy
• Diabetes Mellitus
• HIV Infections
• Quality of Life
• Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

• access to health care
• cancer prevention and control
• health disparities
• internet / electronic interventions
• technology

• Female
• Humans
• Delivery of Health Care
• Early Detection of Cancer
• Hispanic or Latino
• Telemedicine/methods
• United States
• Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control

• Humans
• Early Detection of Cancer/psychology
• Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology
• Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control
• Health Behavior
• Hispanic or Latino
• Cluster Analysis

• apps
• breast cancer
• cancer screening
• cervical cancer
• colorectal cancer
• digital health
• health equity
• health inequality
• mammography
• multimedia

• Male
• Humans
• Early Detection of Cancer
• COVID-19/diagnosis
• COVID-19/epidemiology
• Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology
• Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control

• Humans
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/epidemiology
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology
• Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology
• Liver Neoplasms/etiology
• Liver Cirrhosis/complications
• Liver Cirrhosis/epidemiology
• Hepatitis C/complications
• Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/complications

• Breast cancer
• Cervical cancer
• Colorectal cancer
• Health equity
• Mammography
• Oncology
• Pap test
• Race
• Socioeconomic status

• Humans
• Early Detection of Cancer
• Ethnicity
• Minority Groups
• Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Neoplasms/prevention & control
• Organizations

• Viatris

• animation
• case-control
• data
• decision
• effectiveness
• epidemiology
• experiment
• health research
• online
• online experiment
• recruitment
• research
• research participation
• survey
• volunteer
• willingness

• Case-Control Studies
• Decision Support Techniques
• Female
• Humans
• Intention
• Internet
• Surveys and Questionnaires

• 26726 Cancer Research UK
• C38463/A26726 Cancer Research UK

Coping strategies help to mitigate the impact of a situation on an individual’s life. Elderly patients that undergo the stressful situation of going through colorectal cancer are no exception. This systematic review describes the improvement of the quality of life of patients who applied coping strategies to their situation. The results expose that coping strategies helped these patients to adapt and overcome the disease’s stressful scenarios.

In Spain, 34,331 new cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed in 2018 and 15,923 individuals died from this disease in the same year. The highest incidence of colorectal cancer is among individuals aged 65–75 years and the physiological consequences of aging, alongside the effects of the disease and its treatment, can exacerbate their physical deterioration and cognitive impairment and reduce their social relationships. The learning of coping strategies may help to improve the quality of life of patients after cancer diagnosis. To test the hypothesis that the utilization of coping strategies can improve the quality of life of elderly patients with colorectal cancer, PubMed and EBSCO databases were searched, up to 2021, using the following terms: “coping strategies and colorectal cancer” with “anxiety”, “quality of life”, “depression”, “unmet needs”, “optimism”, “intimacy”, “distress”, “self-efficacy” and “self-esteem” with Boolean operators “AND”, “OR”. The literature search retrieved 641 titles/abstracts written in English. After an exhaustive analysis, only 7 studies met the inclusion criteria. Randomized evidence was scant and was reported only in 3/7 of the studies analyzed. Data from available randomized evidence support that patients improved on their depression and quality of life and felt more prepared to deal with their cancer. Coping strategies in patients with colorectal cancer were effective in improving patient adaptation to their new situation. Healthcare professionals working with these patients should receive training in this complementary treatment, to be able to conduct comprehensive care in order to improve the quality of life of these patients.

• colorectal cancer
• coping strategies
• quality of life

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the USA. Although a number of CRC screening tests have been established as being effective for CRC prevention and early detection, rates of CRC screening test completion in the US population remain suboptimal, especially among the uninsured, recent immigrants and Hispanics. In this study, we used a structural equation modelling approach to identify factors influencing screening test completion in a successful CRC screening program that was implemented in an uninsured Hispanic population. This information will enhance our understanding of influences on CRC screening among historically underscreened populations.

We used generalized structural equation models (SEM) utilizing participant reported information collected through a series of surveys. We identified direct and indirect pathways through which cofactors, CRC knowledge and individual Health Belief Model constructs (perceived benefits, barriers, susceptibility, fatalism and self-efficacy) and a latent psychosocial health construct mediated screening in an effective prospective randomized CRC screening intervention that was tailored for uninsured Hispanic Americans.

Seven hundred twenty-three participants were eligible for inclusion; mean age was 56 years, 79.7% were female, and 98.9% were Hispanic. The total intervention effect was comparable in both models, with both having a direct and indirect effect on screening completion (n = 715, Model 1: RC = 2.46 [95% CI: 2.20, 2.71, p < 0.001]; n = 699, Model 2 RC =2.45, [95% CI: 2.18, 2.72, p < 0.001]. In Model 1, 32% of the overall effect was mediated by the latent psychosocial health construct (RC = 0.79, p < 0.001) that was in turn mainly influenced by self-efficacy, perceived benefits and fatalism. In Model 2, the most important individual mediators were self-efficacy (RC = 0.24, p = 0.013), and fatalism (RC = 0.07, p = 0.033).

This study contributes to our understanding of mediators of CRC screening and suggests that targeting self-efficacy, perceived benefits and fatalism could maximize the effectiveness of CRC screening interventions particularly in Hispanic populations.

• Colorectal Neoplasms
• Health Behavior
• Hispanic Americans
• Mass Screening
• Psychological Theory

• Australia
• Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Colorectal Neoplasms/psychology
• Early Detection of Cancer
• Health Care Sector
• Humans
• Patient Acceptance of Health Care
• Primary Health Care/methods

• Access to care
• Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
• Colorectal cancer
• Fecal occult blood
• Healthcare delivery
• Screening
• Sigmoidoscopy

To describe the characteristics of adults who needed to see a doctor in the past year but could not due to the extra cost and assess the impact of limited financial resources on the receipt of routine fecal occult blood test, sigmoidoscopy, or colonoscopy for colon cancer screening among insured patients.

Data obtained from the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System included 215436 insured adults age 50-75 years. We computed frequencies, adjusted odds ratios (aORs), and 95%CIs using SAS v9.3 software.

Nine percent of the study population needed to see a doctor in the past year but could not because of cost. The numbers were significantly higher among those aged 50-64 (P < 0.0001), Non-Hispanic Whites (P < 0.0001), and those with a primary care physician (P < 0.0001) among other factors. Adjusting for possible confounders, aORs for not seeing the doctor in the past year because of cost were: stool occult blood test within last year aOR = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.76-1.02, sigmoidoscopy within last year aOR = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.48-1.07, colonoscopy within the last year aOR = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.81-1.02.

We found that the limited financial resources within the past 12 mo were significantly associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) non-screening. Patients with risk factors identified in this study should adhere to CRC guidelines and should receive financial help if needed.

• Fecal occult blood
• Healthcare delivery
• Sigmoidoscopy
• Colorectal cancer
• Screening
• Access to care
• Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Colorectal cancer, the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States, is also among the most preventable cancers. However, Latino men are less likely than non-Latino men to engage in preventive screening. Compared with 60% of non-Latino white men and women, only 42% of Latino men are up to date with colorectal cancer screening guidelines, which may result in diagnosis at advanced disease stages and increased deaths. We evaluated the literature on colorectal cancer screening interventions among Latino men to characterize intervention components effective in increasing colorectal cancer screening.

Two independent reviewers searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO to identify articles on intervention studies that promote colorectal cancer screening among Latino men. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled or comparative effectiveness trials, an outcome of any colorectal cancer screening test, published in English, US-based, results published from January 2004 through December 2016, Latino or Spanish-speaking male participants, and a minimum of one patient-level component. Two other reviewers independently assessed article quality and conducted data abstraction.

Forty-four studies met the inclusion criteria; only 7 studies with 20% or more Latinos and 39% or more men were included in the final analyses. The most common intervention strategies included one-on-one interactions with a patient navigator and reducing structural barriers (eg, providing fecal occult blood tests). Interventions using small media produced mixed results.

Although intervention studies focused on colorectal cancer screening among men of racial/ethnic minorities are scarce, our findings highlight promising strategies that were effective at increasing colorectal cancer screening among Latino men. Additional research in the area of Latino men’s health is needed, especially to further develop and test theoretically grounded interventions that promote colorectal cancer screening with larger samples of men and across diverse geographic areas in the United States.

• Cancer prevention
• Clinical trials
• Colorectal cancer
• Colorectal cancer screening
• Health service research

• colorectal cancer
• early detection of cancer
• fecal immunochemical test
• health promotion
• intervention studies
• medically underserved

• Black or African American/psychology
• Aged
• Colonoscopy/psychology
• Decision Support Techniques
• Female
• Health Literacy
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology

• P30 CA006927 NCI NIH HHS
• R21 CA120122 NCI NIH HHS

As consumer health information technology (IT) becomes more thoroughly integrated into patient care, it is critical that these tools are appropriate for the diverse patient populations whom they are intended to serve. Cultural differences associated with ethnicity are one aspect of diversity that may play a role in user-technology interactions.

Our aim was to evaluate the current scope of consumer health IT interventions targeted to the US Spanish-speaking Latino population and to characterize these interventions in terms of technological attributes, health domains, cultural tailoring, and evaluation metrics.

A narrative synthesis was conducted of existing Spanish-language consumer health IT interventions indexed within health and computer science databases. Database searches were limited to English-language articles published between January 1990 and September 2015. Studies were included if they detailed an assessment of a patient-centered electronic technology intervention targeting health within the US Spanish-speaking Latino population. Included studies were required to have a majority Latino population sample. The following were extracted from articles: first author’s last name, publication year, population characteristics, journal domain, health domain, technology platform and functionality, available languages of intervention, US region, cultural tailoring, intervention delivery location, study design, and evaluation metrics.

We included 42 studies in the review. Most of the studies were published between 2009 and 2015 and had a majority percentage of female study participants. The mean age of participants ranged from 15 to 68. Interventions most commonly focused on urban population centers and within the western region of the United States. Of articles specifying a technology domain, computer was found to be most common; however, a fairly even distribution across all technologies was noted. Cancer, diabetes, and child, infant, or maternal health were the most common health domains targeted by consumer health IT interventions. More than half of the interventions were culturally tailored. The most frequently used evaluation metric was behavior/attitude change, followed by usability and knowledge retention.

This study characterizes the existing body of research exploring consumer health IT interventions for the US Spanish-speaking Latino population. In doing so, it reveals three primary needs within the field. First, while the increase in studies targeting the Latino population in the last decade is a promising advancement, future research is needed that focuses on Latino subpopulations previously overlooked. Second, preliminary steps have been taken to culturally tailor consumer health IT interventions for the US Spanish-speaking Latino population; however, focus must expand beyond intervention content. Finally, the field should work to promote long-term evaluation of technology efficacy, moving beyond intermediary measures toward measures of health outcomes.

• Hispanic
• Latinos
• consumer health informatics
• consumer health information
• cultural characteristics
• cultural competency
• ethnicity
• health care quality, access, and evaluation
• health education
• health information technology
• health promotion
• patient compliance
• patient education
• patient participation
• patient preference
• patient satisfaction
• preventive health services

• Aged
• Colonoscopy/psychology
• Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control
• Computer-Assisted Instruction
• Early Detection of Cancer/psychology
• Early Detection of Cancer/statistics & numerical data
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Patient Education as Topic/methods
• Patient Education as Topic/statistics & numerical data
• Time Factors

• R01 CA131386 NCI NIH HHS

• Abdominoperineal resection
• Low anterior resection

• Adult
• Age Factors
• Aged
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Postoperative Complications
• Prospective Studies
• Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
• Rectal Neoplasms/pathology
• Rectal Neoplasms/radiotherapy
• Rectal Neoplasms/surgery
• Risk Factors
• Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/etiology
• Urination Disorders/etiology

• Colorectal cancer
• Expanded Health Belief Model
• Screening behavior
• Socio-psychological factors
• Theoretical models

• Aged
• Colonoscopy/psychology
• Colonoscopy/statistics & numerical data
• Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control
• Colorectal Neoplasms/psychology
• Early Detection of Cancer/psychology
• Female
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
• Humans
• Male
• Mass Screening/psychology
• Middle Aged
• Models, Theoretical
• Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology
• Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
• Self Efficacy
• United States

• R01 CA131386 NCI NIH HHS
• CA131386-02S1 NCI NIH HHS
• R01CA131386 NCI NIH HHS

• colorectal cancer screening
• hepatocellular carcinoma screening
• cancer disparities

• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/epidemiology
• Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology
• Early Detection of Cancer/methods
• Early Detection of Cancer/statistics & numerical data
• Female
• Healthcare Disparities/statistics & numerical data
• Humans
• Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology
• Male
• United States/epidemiology
• Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical data

• I01 HX001574 HSRD VA
• U01 CA114657 NCI NIH HHS
• U54 CA153511 NCI NIH HHS
• U01CA114657-05 NCI NIH HHS

• Adult
• Brunei
• Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control
• Colorectal Neoplasms/psychology
• Early Detection of Cancer/psychology
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Neoplasm Staging
• Prognosis
• Risk Factors
• Surveys and Questionnaires

To test the effectiveness of a colorectal cancer (CRC) screening intervention directed at three levels (clinic, provider, patient) in a primary care setting.

We conducted a group randomized trial (Clinical Trials registration no. NCT01568151) among 10 primary care clinics in Columbus, Ohio that were randomized to a study condition (intervention or usual care). We determined the effect of a multi-level, stepped behavioral intervention on receipt of a CRC screening test among average-risk patients from these clinics over the study period.

Patients (n = 527) who were outside of CRC screening recommendations were recruited. Overall, 35.4% of participants in the intervention clinics had received CRC screening by the end of the study compared to 35.1% of participants who were in the usual care clinics. Time to CRC screening was also similar across arms (HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.65–1.45).

The multi-level intervention was not effective in increasing CRC screening among participants who needed a test, perhaps due to low participation of patients in the stepped intervention. Future studies utilizing evidence-based strategies to encourage CRC screening are needed.

•

This study tested the effectiveness of a multi-level CRC screening intervention.

• cancer prevention
• cancer screening
• colorectal cancer
• lay health advisor
• multi-level interventions

• African American
• cancer prevention
• colon cancer
• health disparities
• masculinity
• men

• R25 CA163184 NCI NIH HHS
• T32 CA163184 NCI NIH HHS
• U54 CA153603 NCI NIH HHS

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in North America. Screening using a fecal occult blood test, flexible sigmoidoscopy, or colonoscopy reduces CRC mortality through the detection and treatment of precancerous polyps and early stage CRC. Although CRC screening participation has increased in recent years, large inequities still exist. Minorities, new immigrants, and those with lower levels of education or income are much less likely to be screened. This review provides an overview of the commonly used tests for CRC screening, disparities in CRC screening, and promising methods at the individual, provider, and system levels to reduce these disparities. Overall, to achieve high CRC participation rates and reduce the burden of CRC in the population, a multi-faceted approach that uses strategies at all levels to reduce CRC screening disparities is urgently required.

• Cancer
• colorectal
• equity
• participation
• screening