Treatment strategy for gastric non-invasive intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy

Figure 1 Reasons for the difficulty in making an accurate diagnosis based on a biopsy specimen. Cancer sometimes exists focally in the lesion and sampling error might occur (A); the structural atypia of both adenoma and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma is too subtle for small biopsy specimen. Moreover, regeneration of atypia induced by gastritis induces histological modification (B). LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia.

Figure 2 Treatment strategy for gastric non-invasive intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy as a treatment flowchart (our opinion). LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; ER: Endoscopic resection.