Editorial
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©2012 Baishideng Publishing Group Co. , Limited. All rights reserved.
World J Radiol. Aug 28, 2012; 4(8): 345-352
Published online Aug 28, 2012. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v4.i8.345
Table 1 Multidetector computed tomography parameters
Parameter Value Detector collimation 0.5 to 0.75 Pitch 0.984 kVp 120 Contrast 125 cc of intravenous optiray 350
Table 2 Multidetector computed tomography multiphasic acquisition
Phase of image acquisition Time of acquisition Section thickness (mm) Milliamperage (mA) Unenhanced liver images 5 250 Arterial phase liver images Bolus tracking technique or manually at 30-35 s after the onset of contrast material injection 1-2.5 500 Portal venous phase abdomen and pelvis Acquired 60-65 s after the start of injection 2.5-5 500 Delayed phase Acquired 3-5 min after the start of injection 5 250
Table 3 Magnetic resonance imaging protocol
Entry Feet first Position Supine Coil type 8 cardiac or 8 body upper 8 cardiac or 8 body upper 8 cardiac or 8 body upper 8 cardiac or 8 body upper 8 cardiac or 8 body upper 8 cardiac or 8 body upper 8 cardiac or 8 body upper Series desc (1) Axial T2 (2) ASSET calib (3) Axial T1 asset (4) 3D LAVA XV Dyn (5) Diffusion (6) 3D 5 min LAVA XV (7) Fiesta Scan plane Axial Axial Axial pre Axial Axial Axial Coronal Image mode 2D 2D 2D in/out phase 3D 2D 3D 2D Pulse seq FSE-XL Fast SPGR Fast SPGR Fast SPGR DW EPI Fast SPGR Fiesta TE1/TE2 (ms) 85 FWIP/FWOP Min Full Min (~ 50-60) Min TR/#R-R (ms) 4000-6000 150-220 1200-1800 Flip angle 85 15 NA 15 50-75 ETL (echo train length) 16 RCV BW1 (kHz) 41.67 62.50 83.33 (125) 83.33 83-125 FOV (cm) 34-44 48 34-44 34-42 38-44 34-44 34-44 SCAN THK (mm) 6 10 5 4 5 4 5 Spacing/#Loc 0 0 0 -2.0 0/36 slices -2.0 0 or -1 Freq × phase 256 × 192 256 × 192 320 × (160-192) 100 × 160 320 × (160-192) 192 × 356 NEX 3-4 1 1 6 2 Phase FOV 0.75-1.0 1.0 0.9-1.0 0.75-1.0 1.0 0.70-0.90 0.75 –1.0 Freq dir R/L A/P R/L R/L R/L R/L S/I
Table 4 Extrahepatic bile duct tumors (American Joint Commission on Cancer staging 6th edition)
Tumor TNM classification T1 Tumor confined to bile duct histologically T2 Tumor beyond the wall of bile duct T3 Tumor invades liver, GB, pancreas, and/or ipsilateral PV (R or L) or hepatic artery (R or L) T4 Tumor invades main portal vein or its branches bilaterally, common hepatic artery, or adjacent structures (colon, stomach, duodenum, abdominal wall) Node N0 No regional lymph node metastasis N1 Regional lymph node metastasis (including hilar, celiac, superior mesenteric, periduodenal and peripancreatic) Metastasis M0 No distant metastasis M1 Distant metastasis Tumor stage AJCC staging 6th edition Stage IA T1, N0, M0 Stage IB T2, N0, M0 Stage IIA T3, N0, M0 Stage IIB T1 or T2 or T3, N1, M0 Stage III T4, any N, M0 Stage IV Any T, any N, M1
Table 5 Perihilar bile duct tumors (American Joint Commission on Cancer staging 7th edition)
Tumor TNM classification T1 Tumor confined to bile duct histologically T2a Tumor beyond the wall of bile duct into adjacent fat T2b Tumor beyond the wall of bile duct into liver parenchyma T3 Tumor invades ipsilateral portal vein (R or L) or hepatic artery (R or L) T4 Tumor invades (1) Main portal vein or its branches bilaterally (or) (2) Common hepatic artery (or) (3) The second-order biliary radicals bilaterally (4) Unilateral second-order biliary radicals with contralateral portal vein or hepatic artery involvement Node N0 No regional lymph node metastasis N1 Regional lymph node metastasis (including nodes along the cystic duct, common bile duct, hepatic artery, and portal vein) N2 Metastasis to periaortic, pericaval, superior mesenteric artery, and/or celiac artery lymph nodes Metastasis M0 No distant metastasis M1 Distant metastasis Tumor stage AJCC staging 6th edition Stage I T1, N0, M0 Stage II T2a-b, N0, M0 Stage IIIA T3, N0, M0 Stage IIIB T1 or T2 or T3, N1, M0 Stage IVa T4, N0 or N1, M0 Stage IVb Any T, N2, M0 or any T, any N, M1
Table 6 Distal bile duct tumors (American Joint Commission on Cancer staging 7th edition)
Tumor TNM classification T1 Tumor confined to bile duct histologically T2 Tumor beyond the wall of bile duct T3 Tumor invades liver, GB, pancreas, but no involvement of celiac axis, or the superior mesenteric artery T4 Tumor involves the celiac axis, or the superior mesenteric artery Node N0 No regional lymph node metastasis N1 Regional lymph node metastasis (including hilar, celiac, superior mesenteric, periduodenal and peripancreatic) Metastasis M0 No distant metastasis M1 Distant metastasis Tumor stage AJCC staging 6th edition Stage IA T1, N0, M0 Stage IB T2, N0, M0 Stage IIA T3, N0, M0 Stage IIB T1 or T2 or T3, N1, M0 Stage III T4, any N, M0 Stage IV Any T, any N, M1