Clinical Trials Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Cardiol. Nov 26, 2020; 12(11): 526-539
Published online Nov 26, 2020. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v12.i11.526
Table 1 Demographic characteristics and maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing indices of patients with chronic heart failure of different severity based on peak oxygen uptake
Demographic characteristicsGroup 1Group 2
Patients, n2524
Gender, males/females21/420/4
Age in yr157 ± 1055 ± 9
Height in cm1174 ± 11175 ± 9
Weight in kg192 ± 2587 ± 21
NYHA stage, class II/III16/918/6
EF, %132 ± 932 ± 8
Type of CHF
Dilated cardiomyopathy, n (%)7 (28)5 (21)
Ischemic, n (%)14 (56)15 (63)
Other, i.e. valvulopathy, etc., n (%)4 (16)4 (17)
Medication
Diuretics, n (%)19 (76)13 (54)
ACE inhibitors, n (%)11 (44)13 (54)
ARBs, n (%)5 (20)2 (8)
β-Blockers, n (%)25 (100)23 (96)
Aldosterone antagonists, n (%)19 (76)18 (75)
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters
Peak VO2 in mL/kg/min114.5 ± 2.521.8 ± 2.4a
Predicted peak VO2, %152 ± 1374 ± 11a
VE/VCO2 slope134 ± 533 ± 4
Peak WR in watts175 ± 34118 ± 34a
Table 2 Acute mobilization of endothelial cellular populations after a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing of two different severity groups according to the median value of peak oxygen uptake
Endothelial cellular populationsGroup 1 of n = 25, peak VO2 < 18.0 mL/kg/min
Group 2 of n = 24, peak VO2 ≥ 18.0 mL/kg/min
P value between groups
Before CPETAfter CPETBefore CPETAfter CPET
CD34+/CD45-/CD133+60 (25-76)90 (70-103)e42 (19-73)90 (39-118)e0.329
CD34+/CD45-/CD133+/VEGFR21 (1-4)5 (3-8)e2 (1-3)6 (3-9)e0.075
CD34+/CD133+/VEGFR213 (9-17)13 (9-26)10 (7-18)14 (10-19)b0.257
CD34+/CD45-/CD133-186 (141-361)488 (247-658)e218 (158-247)311 (254-569)e0.101
CD34+/CD45-/CD133-/VEGFR22 (1-2)3 (2-5)e1 (1-2)4 (2-6)e0.471
Table 3 Acute mobilization of endothelial cellular populations after a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing of different severity groups according to the median value of ventilation/carbon dioxide output slope
Endothelial cellular populationsGroup 1 of n = 27, VE/VCO2 slope < 32.5
Group 2 of n = 22, VE/VCO2 slope ≥ 32.5
P value between groups
Before CPETAfter CPETBefore CPETAfter CPET
CD34+/CD45-/CD133+62 (41-81)95 (81-118)e31 (18-66)70 (33-99)e0.711
CD34+/CD45-/CD133+/VEGFR21 (1-3)5 (3-8)e2 (1-4)5 (3-8)e0.311
CD34+/CD133+/VEGFR210 (7-16)13 (10-18)12 (8-18)16 (9-29)b0.134
CD34+/CD45-/CD133-222 (147-287)419 (267-576)e198 (152-376)382 (249-794)e0.540
CD34+/CD45-/CD133-/VEGFR21 (1-2)3 (2-5)e1 (1-2)4 (3-6)e0.464
Table 4 Acute mobilization of endothelial cellular populations after a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing of two different severity groups according to reduced or mid-ranged ejection fraction
Endothelial cellular populationsGroup 1 of n = 37, EF < 40%
Group 2 of n = 12, EF ≥ 40%
P value between groups
Before CPETAfter CPETBefore CPETAfter CPET
CD34+/CD45-/CD133+42 (22-75)90 (37-106)e63 (40-76)90 (65-103)b0.888
CD34+/CD45-/CD133+/VEGFR22 (1-3)5 (3-8)e2 (1-4)8(4-8)b0.507
CD34+/CD133+/VEGFR211 (7-17)14 (10-23)b15 (9-20)13 (9-22)0.473
CD34+/CD45-/CD133-200 (152-279)427 (260-626)e227 (135-372)336 (214-624)b0.702
CD34+/CD45-/CD133-/VEGFR21 (1-2)3 (2-6)e1 (1-2)3 (2-5)b0.828