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Nikbakht HA, Rezaianzadeh A, Seif M, Shojaie L, Ghoddusi Johari M, Ghaem H. Physical activity and metabolic syndrome: A population base study (forest and tree model algorithms). Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 56:173-179. [PMID: 37344069 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Lifestyle changes, prominently low mobility in recent years, have increased the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and cardiovascular disease risk. This study aimed to determine the relationship between physical activity and MetS using modern statistical methods in a population-based study. METHODS The target population included 10,663 people aged 40-70 years in phase 1 of the Persian Kharameh cohort study conducted in 2017. The data used in this study had questions about physical activity, demographic, anthropometrics, blood pressure, and biochemical data. RESULTS Participants who their activity was within the fourth quarter were 36% less likely to develop MetS than the participants in the first quarter. In the decision-Tree algorithm with all variables, physical activity was significant after gender and comorbidity. With a lack of comorbidities and physical activity less than 2338 Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) and age greater than 53 years, the probability was 26.7% for the male population. For the female population, if associated with comorbidities, a history of diabetes in first-degree relatives, or both, the chance of developing MetS was estimated to be 70.4%. In the decision-tree algorithm, 56.0% of the predictions for MetS were due to gender. After gender, the presence of comorbidities, age, occupation, family history of diabetes, place of residence, and physical activity was discovered as the essential variables in predicting and identifying factors associated with MetS, respectively. CONCLUSION Modern statistical methods can be used in similar research due to better presentation of results in applied clinical laws. An essential approach for treating the syndrome and preventing its complications is a lifestyle change, including educating about physical activity and promoting it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Abbas Rezaianzadeh
- Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Seif
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Division of GI/Liver, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Haleh Ghaem
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Relative Handgrip Strength and Incidence of Hypertension: A Case-Cohort Study From Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases Cohort. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:666-672. [PMID: 36070859 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study assessed the association between relative handgrip strength (RHGS) and hypertension incidence in healthy adults. METHODS We performed a case-cohort study on 3784 participants from Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases cohort study. The absolute HGS was measured using a digital dynamometer. Hypertension was defined as systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg and/or use of antihypertensive medications. Cox regression analysis was utilized to estimate hazard ratios of incident hypertension events with RHGS. RESULTS Physical activity was significantly higher in the participants with hypertension compared with nonhypertensive participants (P < .001). High-level physical activity in the subjects with lower, middle, and upper RHGS was 19.6%, 33.1%, and 47.3%, respectively (P < .001). RHGS was significantly higher in individuals with greater skeletal muscle mass (P < .001). The men and women with the upper RHGS, had an 80% (hazard ratio: 0.2; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.3) and 70% (hazard ratio: 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-1.2), were lower risk of hypertension compared with those with the lower RHGS, respectively. This association remains significant after adjustment for confounding factors in men. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that middle and upper levels of RHGS were associated with a lower risk of hypertension incidence. RHGS may be a protective factor for hypertension. We suggested muscle strengthening exercises.
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Lemos MM, Cavalini GR, Pugliese Henrique CR, Perli VAS, de Moraes Marchiori G, Marchiori LLDM, Sordi AF, Franzói de Moraes SM, de Paula Ramos S, Valdés-Badilla P, Mota J, Magnani Branco BH. Body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight or obese people post COVID-19: A comparative study. Front Physiol 2022; 13:949351. [PMID: 36213222 PMCID: PMC9532828 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.949351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness of overweight or obese people after COVID-19. 171 volunteers of both sexes (men, n = 93 and women, n = 78) between 19 and 65 years old were allocated into three groups according to the severity of their symptoms of COVID-19: non-hospitalized people/mild symptoms (n = 61), hospitalized (n = 58), and hospitalized in an intensive care unit-ICU (n = 52). Two laboratory visits were carried out 24 h apart. First, a medical consultation was carried out, with subsequent measurement of body weight and height (calculation of body mass index) and body composition assessment via electrical bioimpedance. After 24 h, a cardiorespiratory test was performed using the Bruce protocol, with a direct gas exchange analysis. Hospitalized individuals had significantly higher values for fat mass and body fat percentage than non-hospitalized individuals (p < 0.05). Significantly higher values were found for heart rate (HR) and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) for individuals who were not hospitalized when compared to those hospitalized in the ICU (p < 0.05). Significantly higher values for distance, ventilation, and the relationship between respiratory quotient were found for non-hospitalized individuals compared to hospitalized individuals and those in the ICU (p < 0.05). After the cardiorespiratory test, higher values for peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) were observed for non-hospitalized individuals than for all hospitalized individuals (p < 0.05). Diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher at the tenth and fifteenth minute post-Bruce test in hospitalized than in non-hospitalized participants (p < 0.05). Based on these results, proposals for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation are indispensable for hospitalized groups considering the responses of blood pressure. Monitoring HR, SpO2, and blood pressure are necessary during rehabilitation to avoid possible physical complications. Volume and intensity of exercise prescription should respect the physiologic adaptation. Given lower physical conditioning among all the groups, proposals for recovering from health conditions are urgent and indispensable for COVID-19 survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Medeiros Lemos
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Maringá, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Rocha Cavalini
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Maringá, Brazil
- Medicine Course, Department of Health Sciences, Cesumar University, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Carlos Renato Pugliese Henrique
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Maringá, Brazil
- Medicine Course, Department of Health Sciences, Cesumar University, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Victor Augusto Santos Perli
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Maringá, Brazil
- Medicine Course, Department of Health Sciences, Cesumar University, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Flávia Sordi
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pablo Valdés-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Maringá, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Paraná, Brazil
- Medicine Course, Department of Health Sciences, Cesumar University, Maringá, Brazil
- Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Physiology and Nutrition Department, Clinisport Prime, Maringa, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco,
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Korrida A, Idbibine M, El Abdellaoui A. Statut d’activité physique dans une population résidante à Souss-Massa, Maroc. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Belay DG, Fekadu Wolde H, Molla MD, Aragie H, Adugna DG, Melese EB, Tarekegn GE, Gezahegn E, Kibret AA. Prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adult patients attending the outpatient department at the primary hospitals of Wolkait tegedie zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Front Neurol 2022; 13:943595. [PMID: 36034276 PMCID: PMC9414034 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.943595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypertension, often known as increased blood pressure, is a worldwide public health concern. Globally, ~1 billion people have hypertension and 7.1 million die from this disease. It is disproportionately more prevalent in resource-poor nations, with inadequate health systems like Ethiopia. Moreover, information on the burden of disease from hypertension in the specific area, especially in the newly organized Wolkait Tegedie zone, is essential to develop effective prevention and control strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension and associated factors among adult patients evaluated at the outpatient department of the two district hospitals in the Wolkait Tegedie zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select a total of 449 participants. The data were collected and then entered using EPI-INFO version 7 and exported to STATA 14 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as a measure of association. Variables having a p-value < 0.05 from the multivariable analysis were considered to have a significant association with the outcome. Results The prevalence of hypertension among adult patients in this study was 44.91% [95% CI: 40.26%, 49.65%], of which 63.92% were new diagnoses. Being >60 years [AOR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.11, 3.20], having poor physical exercise [AOR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.01, 3.15], consuming cruddy oil [AOR = 15.22; 95% CI: 3.86, 60.12], having a family history of hypertension [AOR = 13.02; 95% CI: 3.75, 45.16], and having a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) [AOR = 8.05; 95% CI: 1.24, 51.49] had a statistically significant association with having hypertension. Conclusion There is a relatively high prevalence of hypertension among adult patients in the outpatient department of the two primary hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia. Factors such as being of older age, having poor physical exercise behavior, cruddy oil consumption, and family history of DM and hypertension had a positive significant statistical association with being hypertensive. Community-based screening programs for hypertension should be designed and implemented to prevent this silent killer disease. Health education and promotion that focus on healthy nutrition and physical exercise should be delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gashaneh Belay
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Daniel Gashaneh Belay
| | - Haileab Fekadu Wolde
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Meseret Derbew Molla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Hailu Aragie
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Dagnew Getnet Adugna
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Endalkachew Belayneh Melese
- Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gebrekidan Ewnetu Tarekegn
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Eleleta Gezahegn
- Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Ayelign Kibret
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Stefanakis M, Batalik L, Papathanasiou J, Dipla L, Antoniou V, Pepera G. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programs in the era of COVID-19: a critical review. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2021; 22:1143-1155. [PMID: 34957758 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2204123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Increased rates of morbidity and mortality have led to the increased need for the implementation of secondary prevention interventions. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) represents a multifactorial intervention, including elements of physical exercise and activity, education regarding healthy lifestyle habits (smoking cessation, nutritional habits), to improve the physical capacity and psychological status of cardiac patients. However, participation rates in CR programs remain low due to socioeconomic, geographical and personal barriers. Recently the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions have added another barrier to CR programs. Therefore there is an emerging need to further improve the types and methods of implementing CR. Cardiac telerehabilitation, integrating advanced technology for both monitoring and communicating with the cardiac population, appears to be an innovative CR alternative that can overcome some of the barriers preventing CR participation. This review paper aims to describe the background and core components of center-based CR and cardiac telerehabilitation, and discuss their implications for present day clinical practice and their future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Stefanakis
- Physiotherapy Department, University of West Attica, 12243 Egaleo, Athens, Greece
| | - Ladislav Batalik
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital Brno, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jannis Papathanasiou
- Department of Medical Imaging, Allergology & Physiotherapy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Tsentar, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Kinesitherapy, Faculty of Public Health "Prof. Dr. Tzecomir Vodenicharov, Ph.D", Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lefkothea Dipla
- Physiotherapy Department, University of West Attica, 12243 Egaleo, Athens, Greece
| | - Varsamo Antoniou
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, GR-35100 Lamia, Greece
| | - Garyfallia Pepera
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, GR-35100 Lamia, Greece
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Kasović M, Štefan L, Kalčik Z. The Importance of Cardiorespiratory vs. Muscular Fitness in Reducing the Odds of Hypertension in War Veterans: A Population-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111120. [PMID: 34769639 PMCID: PMC8583623 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine separate and combined associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and musculoskeletal fitness (MF) with hypertension. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants were 764 men and women aged 45–75 years, who were part of the Homeland War between 1990 to 1995 (33.5% women). CRF included the 2-min step test, while MF was consisted of push-ups in 30 s, chair-stands in 30 s and sit-ups in 30 s. The prevalence of hypertension was defined according to new American College of Cardiology and American Hearts Association Blood Pressure Guidelines for systolic and diastolic blood pressure of ≥130 mmHg and/or ≥80 mmHg. Results: In models adjusted for sex, age, fatness and fasting blood glucose, we found a graded inverse association between CRF and MF with hypertension. Less cardiorespiratory and muscular fit individuals were more likely to have hypertension. When CRF and MF were combined, individuals with high MF and low CRF, low MF and high CRF and low MF and CRF were 1.77, 2.15 and 7.09 more likely to have of hypertension. Conclusion: Both CRF and MF are associated with the prevalence of hypertension, while the magnitude of the associations between MF and hypertension was more pronounced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Kasović
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Department of General and Applied Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Department of Sport Motorics and Methodology in Kinanthropology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lovro Štefan
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Department of General and Applied Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Department of Sport Motorics and Methodology in Kinanthropology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Department of Recruitment and Examination (RECETOX), Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-09891-77-060
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Sombié HK, Tchelougou D, Ouattara AK, Kologo JK, Sorgho PA, Somda D, Yaméogo S, Zongo AW, Kiendrebeogo IT, Adoko ETHD, Yonli AT, Djigma FW, Zabsonré P, Millogo H, Simporé J. Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 genes deletion polymorphisms and blood pressure control among treated essential hypertensive patients in Burkina Faso. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:244. [PMID: 34193266 PMCID: PMC8243756 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05658-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glutathione S-transferases have been associated with experimental resistance to some drugs. The present study investigated the factors associated with blood pressure control in patients with essential hypertension, especially the role of GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes polymorphisms. This cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso consisted of 200 patients with essential hypertension and under treatment. RESULTS In the present study, 57.5% (115/200) of patients had their hypertension under control. No statistically significant difference was found between controlled and uncontrolled groups for anthropometric and biochemical parameters as well as for GSTT1 or GSTM1 gene polymorphisms (all p > 0.05). Current alcohol consumption (OR = 3.04; CI 1.88-6.13; p < 0.001), Physical inactivity (OR = 3.07; CI 1.71-5.49; p < 0.001), severe hypertension before any treatment (Grade III [OR = 3.79; CI 2.00-7.17; p < 0.001]) and heart damage (OR = 3, 14; CI 1.59-6.02; p < 0.001) were statistically more frequent in uncontrolled essential hypertensive patients than controlled hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman Karim Sombié
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Daméhan Tchelougou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoul Karim Ouattara
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso. .,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso. .,CERBA/LABIOGENE; University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 01 BP 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.
| | - Jonas Koudougou Kologo
- Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (HOSCO), 01 P.O. Box 444, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.,University Hospital Center-Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHUYO), 01 P.O. Box 676, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Pegdwendé Abel Sorgho
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Dogfunianalo Somda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Sakinata Yaméogo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Arsène Wendpagnangdé Zongo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Isabelle Touwendpoulimdé Kiendrebeogo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Albert Théophane Yonli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Patrice Zabsonré
- University Hospital Center-Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHUYO), 01 P.O. Box 676, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Hassanata Millogo
- University Hospital Center-Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHUYO), 01 P.O. Box 676, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Jacques Simporé
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 P.O. Box 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.,Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.,Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (HOSCO), 01 P.O. Box 444, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.,Faculty of Medicine, University Saint Thomas d'Aquin, P.O. Box 10212, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Menyanu EK, Corso B, Minicuci N, Rocco I, Russell JC, Ware LJ, Chidumwa G, Naidoo NN, Biritwum RB, Kowal PR, Schutte AE, Charlton KE. Determinants of change in blood pressure in Ghana: Longitudinal data from WHO-SAGE Waves 1-3. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244807. [PMID: 33417616 PMCID: PMC7793275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension is increasing in low- and middle-income countries, however statistics are generally derived from cross sectional surveys that utilize different methodologies and population samples. We investigated blood pressure (BP) changes over 11-12 years in a large cohort of adults aged 50 years and older (n = 820) included in the World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO-SAGE Ghana) Wave 1 (2007/8) with follow up in Wave 3 (2019). Participants' BP were measured in triplicate and a survey completed at both time points. Survey instruments collected information on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, health behaviors and chronic conditions. While no significant difference was found in systolic BP between Waves 1 and 3, diastolic BP decreased by 9.7mmHg (mean = 88.6, 15.4 to 78.9, 13.6 respectively) and pulse pressure increased by 9.5mmHg (44.8, 13.7 to 54.3, 14.1). Awareness of hypertension increased by 37%, from (20% to 57%), but no differences were found for the proportion of hypertensives receiving treatment nor those that had controlled BP. Mixed effects modelling showed a decrease in diastolic BP was associated with increasing age, living in rural areas and having health insurance. Factors associated with an increased awareness of hypertension were residing in urban areas, having health insurance and increasing body mass index. While diagnosis of hypertension has improved over time in Ghana, there is an ongoing need to improve its treatment in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias K. Menyanu
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Barbara Corso
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Nadia Minicuci
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rocco
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Joanna C. Russell
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lisa J. Ware
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Glory Chidumwa
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nirmala N. Naidoo
- World Health Organization Data, Analytics and Delivery for Impact Division, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Paul R. Kowal
- Chiang Mai University Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- World Health Organization SAGE, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aletta E. Schutte
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen E. Charlton
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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Radha M, den Boer N, Willemsen MC, Paardekooper T, IJsselsteijn WA, Sartor F. Assisting Home-Based Resistance Training for Normotensive and Prehypertensive Individuals Using Ambient Lighting and Sonification Feedback: Sensor-Based System Evaluation. JMIR Cardio 2020; 4:e16354. [PMID: 32597789 PMCID: PMC7367528 DOI: 10.2196/16354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical exercise is an effective lifestyle intervention to improve blood pressure. Although aerobic sports can be performed anywhere, resistance exercises are traditionally performed at the gym; extending the latter to the home setting may promote an increase in the number of practitioners. Objective This study aims to evaluate a sensor-based system that guides resistance exercises through ambient lighting and sonification (A/S) feedback in a home setting in 34 study participants who were normotensive and prehypertensive. Methods Participants took part in a 1.5-hour exercise session in which they experienced the A/S feedback (ie, experimental condition) as well as a control condition (ie, no feedback) and a reference condition (ie, verbal feedback through a human remote coach). The system was evaluated for improving exercise form (range of motion, timing, and breathing patterns) as well as psychophysiological experience (perceived exertion, attentional focus, competence, and motivation). Results A/S feedback was significantly better than the control for concentric (mean 2.48, SD 0.75 seconds; P<.001) and eccentric (mean 2.92, SD 1.05 seconds; P<.001) contraction times, concentric range of motion consistency (mean 15.64, SD 8.31 cm vs mean 17.94, SD 9.75 cm; P<.001), and perceived exertion (mean 3.37, SD 0.78 vs mean 3.64, SD 0.76; P<.001). However, A/S feedback did not outperform verbal feedback on any of these measures. The breathing technique was best in the control condition (ie, without any feedback). Participants did not show more positive changes in perceived competence with A/S feedback or verbal feedback. Conclusions The system seemed to improve resistance exercise execution and perception in comparison with the control, but did not outperform a human tele-coach. Further research is warranted to improve the breathing technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Radha
- Royal Philips, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Niels den Boer
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Francesco Sartor
- Royal Philips, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom
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Maruf FA, Ojukwu CC, Akindele MO. Perception, Knowledge, and Attitude toward Physical Activity Behaviour: Implications for Participation among Individuals with Essential Hypertension. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2017; 25:53-60. [PMID: 29082466 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-017-0235-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding lifestyle behavior among individuals with hypertension is important for achieving hypertension control. AIM This study explored perception, knowledge, attitude and participation in physical activity (PA) among individuals with hypertension attending tertiary hospitals in a south-eastern Nigerian state. METHODS This cross-sectional survey involved 200 individuals with hypertension from the Out-Patient Departments of the two teaching hospitals in Anambra State, Nigeria. Information on age, education level, gender, height, sleep duration, perception of PA, knowledge about PA, attitude towards PA, and participation in PA was collected using a self-developed and pilot-tested questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP), height, body weight, and waist circumference were measured using standardized procedures. PA level was assessed using 7-Day International PA Questionnaire. RESULTS Majority of participants reported good perceptions of PA behavior, in terms of not being discouraged by relations and friends, and of its benefits. They reported good knowledge about PA behavior. The participants demonstrated positive attitude in terms of benefits, importance, and involved risk of PA, and reported high level of participation in PA. There were significant correlations among knowledge about PA, attitude towards PA and participation in PA. PA level generally correlated significantly with attitude and participation in PA CONCLUSIONS: Perceived high level of participation in PA in this study sample can be attributed to their much knowledge and positive attitude towards PA. Increasing the knowledge about PA among individuals with hypertension by creating awareness about benefits and utilization of PA will improve their attitudes towards PA, and thereby fosters their participation in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatai Adesina Maruf
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Nigeria.
| | - C C Ojukwu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - M O Akindele
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
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El Bilbeisi AH, Hosseini S, Djafarian K. The Association between Physical Activity and the Metabolic Syndrome among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Gaza Strip, Palestine. Ethiop J Health Sci 2017; 27:273-282. [PMID: 29217926 PMCID: PMC5614998 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v27i3.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is a major health problem worldwide. Globally, the World Health Organization identified physical inactivity as the fourth leading risk factor for mortality. This study was conducted to evaluate the association between physical activities and metabolic syndrome and diabetes complications among type 2 diabetes patients in Gaza Strip, Palestine. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1200 previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (from both genders, aged 20 to 64 years) receiving care in the primary health care centers. Metabolic syndrome was defined based on the International Diabetes Federation criteria. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to measure physical activity. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS A significant inverse association was found between inactive patients and metabolic syndrome. In our study, 93.7% of inactive patients, 66.4% of active patients and 23.5% of very active patients had metabolic syndrome (OR .048 CI 95% (.03-.072)), (OR .787 CI 95% (.59-1.03)) and (OR 15.9 CI 95% (11.8-21.3)) respectively. Our results showed a significant inverse association between physical activity levels and anthropometric measurements in both gender. Moreover, a significant association was found between physical activity levels and triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and blood pressure in both sexes (P value < 0.05 for all) and diabetes complications (P value < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSION We conclude that low levels of physical activity are associated with increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, inactive patients had a high percentage of diabetes complications among type 2 diabetes patients in Gaza Strip, Palestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Hamid El Bilbeisi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus (TUMS- IC), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus (TUMS- IC), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus (TUMS- IC), Tehran, Iran
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Long Term Home-Based Exercise is Effective to Reduce Blood Pressure in Low Income Brazilian Hypertensive Patients: A Controlled Trial. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2016; 23:395-404. [PMID: 27658925 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-016-0169-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Home-based exercise programs may increase adherence to physical activity among groups with poor access to exercise facilities. However, their effectiveness to lower blood pressure of hypertensive patients remains undefined. AIMS This controlled clinical trial investigated the influence of a home-based exercise program upon blood pressure, blood metabolic profile, and physical fitness in a Brazilian cohort of low income patients diagnosed with hypertension. METHODS Twenty-nine patients (22 women, age: 53 ± 11 years) underwent 16 months of home-based exercise, including 30 min of moderate intensity walking and stretching exercises. Fourteen patients (9 women, age: 48 ± 5 years) composed a non-exercise control group. Primary outcomes were assessed each two months. RESULTS Body mass (3.6 ± 0.2 kg; P = 0.03) and sum of skinfolds (3.0 ± 1.2 cm; P = 0.04) increased in controls vs. baseline. Mean compliance to home-based exercise was 83 ± 7 %, which induced significant improvements from baseline vs. controls in body mass (-5.4 ± 2.0 kg; P = 0.04), body fat (-4.7 ± 0.3 %; P = 0.03), waist circumference (-6.1 ± 1.2 cm; P = 0.03), sum of skinfolds (-14.8 ± 3.7; P = 0.02); aerobic efficiency reflected by slopes of relationships between heart rate and workload (-0.05 ± 0.01; P = 0.05), trunk flexibility (7.8 ± 1.7 cm; P = 0.02), HDL (1.8 ± 0.9 mg/dL; P = 0.04), triglycerides (-12.3 ± 1.0 mg/dL; P = 0.03), and glucose (-6.9 ± 2.9 mg/dL; P = 0.05). Systolic and diastolic BP decreased until the sixth month of intervention vs. baseline and controls, remaining stable at lower levels thereafter (systolic blood pressure: -4.5 ± 0.3 mmHg; P = 0.03; diastolic blood pressure: -2.5 ± 0.6 mmHg; P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low income hypertensive patients complied with a long-term home-based exercise program, which was effective for improving their functional capacity, blood metabolic profile, and blood pressure.
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Pescatello LS, MacDonald HV, Lamberti L, Johnson BT. Exercise for Hypertension: A Prescription Update Integrating Existing Recommendations with Emerging Research. Curr Hypertens Rep 2015; 17:87. [PMID: 26423529 PMCID: PMC4589552 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-015-0600-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is the most common, costly, and preventable cardiovascular disease risk factor. Numerous professional organizations and committees recommend exercise as initial lifestyle therapy to prevent, treat, and control hypertension. Yet, these recommendations differ in the components of the Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type (FITT) principle of exercise prescription (Ex Rx); the evidence upon which they are based is only of fair methodological quality; and the individual studies upon which they are based generally do not include people with hypertension, which are some of the limitations in this literature. The purposes of this review are to (1) overview the professional exercise recommendations for hypertension in terms of the FITT principle of Ex Rx; (2) discuss new and emerging research related to Ex Rx for hypertension; and (3) present an updated FITT Ex Rx for adults with hypertension that integrates the existing recommendations with this new and emerging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda S Pescatello
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Agriculture, Health, and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Rd, U-1110, Storrs, CT, 06269-1110, USA.
| | - Hayley V MacDonald
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Agriculture, Health, and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Rd, U-1110, Storrs, CT, 06269-1110, USA.
| | - Lauren Lamberti
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Agriculture, Health, and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, 2095 Hillside Rd, U-1110, Storrs, CT, 06269-1110, USA.
| | - Blair T Johnson
- Department of Psychological Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd, U-1020, Storrs, CT, 06269-1020, USA.
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Abstract
The global burden of hypertension is rising and accounts for substantial morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle factors such as diet and physical inactivity contribute to this burden, further highlighting the need for prevention efforts to curb this public health epidemic. Regular physical activity is associated with lower blood pressure, reduced cardiovascular risk, and cardiac remodeling. While exercise and hypertension can both be associated with the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), the cardiac remodeling from hypertension is pathologic with an associated increase in myocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, and risk of heart failure and mortality, whereas LVH in athletes is generally non-pathologic and lacks the fibrosis seen in hypertension. In hypertensive patients, physical activity has been associated with paradoxical regression or prevention of LVH, suggesting a mechanism by which exercise can benefit hypertensive patients. Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying the benefits of physical activity in the hypertensive heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila M Hegde
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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16
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Smith C, Viljoen JT, McGeachie L. African drumming: a holistic approach to reducing stress and improving health? J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2015; 15:441-6. [PMID: 24983262 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Very little data are available on the physical requirements for drumming and the potential health benefits of particularly djembe drumming. We hypothesized that djembe drumming constitutes low-to-moderate intensity exercise, and that drumming would simultaneously reduce stress and anxiety levels and benefit cardiovascular health. METHODS Two study populations, middle-aged experienced drummers and a younger novice group participated in 40-min djembe drumming sessions. Measurements of blood pressure, blood lactate and stress and anxiety levels were taken before and after sessions. Also, heart rate was monitored at 5-s intervals throughout each session. RESULTS Participation in drumming significantly decreased the Stress Anxiety Index scores acutely, both in a middle-aged (P < 0.01) and younger population (P < 0.001). SBP was significantly decreased in the older population postdrumming (141 ± 24 vs. 153 ± 26 mmHg; P < 0.01). Blood lactate levels remained below 4 mmol/l in all individuals and together with heart rate suggest that drumming may be categorized as low-to-moderate intensity exercise. CONCLUSION Djembe drumming may improve cardiovascular health, without the cardiovascular risks to unhealthy or older populations that are associated with higher intensity exercise, and at the same time may decrease stress and anxiety levels. Furthermore, participation in drumming did not result in acute hypotension in normotensive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Smith
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Ribeiro F, Costa R, Mesquita-Bastos J. Exercise training in the management of patients with resistant hypertension. World J Cardiol 2015; 7:47-51. [PMID: 25717352 PMCID: PMC4325301 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v7.i2.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a very prevalent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of resistant hypertension, i.e., uncontrolled hypertension with 3 or more antihypertensive agents including 1 diuretic, is between 5% and 30% in the hypertensive population. The causes of resistant hypertension are multifactorial and include behavioral and biological factors, such as non-adherence to pharmacological treatment. All current treatment guidelines highlight the positive role of physical exercise as a non-pharmacological tool in the treatment of hypertension. This paper draws attention to the possible role of physical exercise as an adjunct non-pharmacological tool in the management of resistant hypertension. A few studies have investigated it, employing different methodologies, and taken together they have shown promising results. In summary, the available evidence suggests that aerobic physical exercise could be a valuable addition to the optimal pharmacological treatment of patients with resistant hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ribeiro
- Fernando Ribeiro, Rui Costa, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal and CINTESIS.UA, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui Costa
- Fernando Ribeiro, Rui Costa, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal and CINTESIS.UA, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Mesquita-Bastos
- Fernando Ribeiro, Rui Costa, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal and CINTESIS.UA, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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18
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O'Hagan C, De Vito G, Boreham CAG. Exercise prescription in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus : current practices, existing guidelines and future directions. Sports Med 2013; 43:39-49. [PMID: 23315755 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-012-0004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus, resulting in stabilization of plasma glucose in the acute phase and improvements in body composition, insulin resistance and glycosylated haemoglobin with chronic exercise training. However, the most appropriate exercise prescription for type 2 diabetes has not yet been established, resulting from insufficient evidence to determine the optimum type, intensity, duration or frequency of exercise training. Furthermore, patient engagement in exercise is suboptimal. There are many likely reasons for low engagement in exercise; one possible contributory factor may be a tendency for expert bodies to prioritize the roles of diet and medication over exercise in their treatment guidelines. Published treatment guidelines vary in their approach to exercise training, but most agencies suggest that people with type 2 diabetes engage in 150 min of moderate to vigorous aerobic exercise per week. This prescription is similar to the established guidelines for cardiovascular health in the general population. Future possibilities in this area include investigation of the physiological effects and practical benefits of exercise training of different intensities in type 2 diabetes, and the use of individualized prescription to maximize the health benefits of training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara O'Hagan
- Academy of Sport and Physical Activity, Sheffield Hallam University, Collegiate Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2BP, UK.
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19
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Abstract
One- half of women in the United States do not meet the weekly dose of physical activity recommended by the Centers for Disease Control. Many women could benefit tremendously if they were to adopt a more active lifestyle. Health benefits from exercise include lowering the risk for cardiovascular disease, slowing the rate of bone loss in osteoporosis, and improving mood during pregnancy. In this article, we review the health benefits that women may gain from physical activity and the recommendations for physical activity for adults in the United States. We offer evidence supporting use of the exercise prescription, discuss how to write an exercise prescription, and how to tailor the exercise prescription for women with particular medical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlin Senter
- />Departments of Medicine and Orthopedics, University of California, San Francisco, 1500 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Nicole Appelle
- />Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 1545 Divisadero, 2nd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Sarina K. Behera
- />Departments of Cardiology and Pediatrics, California Pacific Medical Center, 3700 California Street, Ste 1560, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA
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Sheikholeslami Vatani D, Ahmadi Kani Golzar F. Changes in antioxidant status and cardiovascular risk factors of overweight young men after six weeks supplementation of whey protein isolate and resistance training. Appetite 2012; 59:673-8. [PMID: 22889987 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 07/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The study's purpose was to examine the effects of whey protein supplementation and resistance training on antioxidant status and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight young men. Thirty healthy male subjects (age, 23.4±3.6years; body mass index, 25-30kg/m(2)) were randomly divided into three groups of 10 persons including; Experimental group 1: resistance training+whey supplement (RW); Experimental group 2: resistance training+placebo (RP), and Control group (C). Subjects in intervention groups underwent 3 resistance training sessions per week, each session with 60-70% 1RM, for 6weeks. No significant changes in fibrinogen level, fasting blood glucose, resting systolic and diastolic blood pressures, waist to hip ratio (WHR), and body mass index were observed in any of the groups. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), cholesterol and HDL varied significantly in the RW group compared with the pre-test. We found significant changes in both RW and RP groups for glutathione, vitamin C, LDL, and triglyceride levels. In addition, in the post-test, TAC, glutathione, and HDL levels were higher in the RW in comparison to C group. Research findings showed that although exercise can lead to antioxidant system improvement and reduce some cardiovascular risk factors among overweight subjects, the combination of resistance training and whey consumption is more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariush Sheikholeslami Vatani
- Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Kurdistan, No. 18, Golestan 4 st., Sanandaj 6617714651, Iran.
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Brun JF, Romain AJ, Mercier J. Maximal lipid oxidation during exercise (Lipoxmax): From physiological measurements to clinical applications. Facts and uncertainties. Sci Sports 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ciccolo JT, Carr LJ, Krupel KL, Longval JL. The Role of Resistance Training in the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Disease. Am J Lifestyle Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/1559827609354034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that resistance training (RT) in adults has the potential to prevent, treat, and possibly even reverse the impact of several chronic diseases. A properly designed progressive program can have profound effects on the musculoskeletal system, resulting in enhanced physical and mental health. In this review, the authors summarize recent research detailing the numerous benefits gained from participating in an RT program in those with or at risk for chronic disease. This includes increases in muscle mass and strength; enhanced physical function; reduced risks for osteoporosis and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases; improved management of cancer, neuromuscular disorders, HIV, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and reductions in negative mood states. Given these benefits, numerous national organizations, including the committee commissioned to create the National Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, have endorsed the participation in RT as a necessary component of maintaining health. Fortunately, the most current estimates show that a growing number of individuals are participating in RT, but these national estimates still fall below the goal of 30% set by Healthy People 2010. Future research will therefore need to focus on increasing the adoption and adherence of RT, as it carries the potential to dramatically affect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T. Ciccolo
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, , Centers for Behavioral & Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Lucas J. Carr
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, Centers for Behavioral & Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Katie L. Krupel
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jaime L. Longval
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Goodwin KA, Headley SAE, Pescatello LS. Exercise Prescription for the Prevention and Management of Hypertension. Am J Lifestyle Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/1559827609344807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity is known to reduce blood pressure in 75% of individuals with hypertension and is a key component of lifestyle therapy for the prevention and management of hypertension. However, the frequency, intensity, duration, and mode of activity play a role in the magnitude and duration of blood pressure reduction. Aerobic activity is the preferred type of activity to lower blood pressure. Acute, moderate-intensity aerobic activity (40%-60% VO2max ) can decrease blood pressure by 5 to 7 mm Hg for up to 22 hours postexercise, so participation in aerobic activity is recommended on most, if not all, days of the week. The recommended duration for aerobic activity is 30 to 60 minutes of continuous or intermittent activity. Resistance activity results in a 3-mm Hg decrease in blood pressure and should supplement the aerobic activity. Low- to moderate-intensity resistance training (30%-40% of a 1—repetition maximum [1RM] for upper body exercises and 50%-60% 1RM for lower body exercises) is recommended 2 to 3 d/wk. The volume of resistance training for blood pressure reduction is 1 to 3 sets of 10 to 15 repetitions for 8 to 10 exercises that target large muscle groups (thighs, hips, back, chest, arms, and abdominals). When prescribing physical activity for the prevention or management of hypertension, it is important to know that certain populations respond differently to activity and that certain medications can inhibit physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A. Goodwin
- Exercise Science and Sport Studies Department, Springfield College, Springfield, Massachusetts,
| | - Samuel A. E. Headley
- Exercise Science and Sport Studies Department, Springfield College, Springfield, Massachusetts
| | - Linda S. Pescatello
- Department of Kinesiology & Human Performance Laboratory, Neag School of Education, Storrs, Connecticut
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Validation of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short among Blacks. J Phys Act Health 2009; 5:746-60. [PMID: 18820348 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.5.5.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-S) has been evaluated against accelerometer-determined physical activity measures in small homogenous samples of adults in the United States. There is limited information about the validity of the IPAQ-S in diverse US samples. METHODS 142 Blacks residing in low-income housing completed the IPAQ-S and wore an accelerometer for up to 6 days. Both 1- and 10-minute accelerometer bouts were used to define time spent in light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity. RESULTS We found fair agreement between the IPAQ-S and accelerometer-determined physical activity (r=.26 for 10-minute bout, r=.36 for 1-minute bout). Correlations were higher among men than women. When we classified participants as meeting physical activity recommendations, agreement was low (kappa=.04, 10-minute; kappa=.21, 1-minute); only 25% of individuals were classified the same by both instruments (10-minute bout). CONCLUSIONS In one of the few studies to assess the validity of a self-reported physical activity measure among Blacks, we found moderate correlations with accelerometer data, though correlations were weaker for women. Correlations were smaller when IPAQ-S data were compared using a 10- versus a 1-minute bout definition. There was limited evidence for agreement between the instruments when classifying participants as meeting physical activity recommendations.
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Modeste NN, Brathwaite N, Fraser HS, Toh SW. Exercise, blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels in a Caribbean population. INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION 2008; 27:75-86. [PMID: 18039630 DOI: 10.2190/iq.27.1.f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study used a population-based sample of 407 Seventh-day Adventists in Barbados to determine the relationship between physical activity, blood sugar, hypertension, and cholesterol levels. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select participants: 37.6% were male and 62.4% female. No significant association was found between exercise and the outcome variables: blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels of participants. However, females appeared to be more sedentary when compared to males. A significant association was seen between weekly exercise and triglycerides, but only in male participants.
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27
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Metsios GS, Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Veldhuijzen van Zanten JJCS, Treharne GJ, Panoulas VF, Douglas KMJ, Koutedakis Y, Kitas GD. Rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease and physical exercise: a systematic review. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007; 47:239-48. [PMID: 18045810 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of exercise interventions in improving disease-related characteristics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It also provides suggestions for exercise programmes suitable for improving the cardiovascular profile of RA patients and proposes areas for future research in the field. Six databases (Medline, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Google Scholar, EMBASE and PEDro) were searched to identify publications from 1974 to December 2006 regarding RA and exercise interventions. The quality of the studies included was determined by using the Jadad scale. Initial searches identified 1342 articles from which 40 met the inclusion criteria. No studies were found investigating exercise interventions in relation to cardiovascular disease in RA. There is strong evidence suggesting that exercise from low to high intensity of various modes is effective in improving disease-related characteristics and functional ability in RA patients. Future studies are required to investigate the effects of exercise in improving the cardiovascular status of this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Metsios
- University of Wolverhampton, School of Sport, Performing Arts and Leisure, Walsall, West Midlands.
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Cornelissen VA, Fagard RH. What should the clinician tell patients with mild hypertension about physical activity? CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-007-0039-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Casillas JM, Gremeaux V, Damak S, Feki A, Pérennou D. Exercise training for patients with cardiovascular disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 50:403-18, 386-402. [PMID: 17445931 DOI: 10.1016/j.annrmp.2007.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2007] [Accepted: 03/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This review surveys effort training, a validated and recommended therapy, in patients with atheromatous cardiovascular disease. This true therapy reduces mortality by 25-35%, reduces clinical manifestations and complications (rhythm problems, thrombosis) and improves physical capacity, reintegration and quality of life. The effects are essentially linked to improved metabolic performance of muscles and reduced endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance and neurohormonal abnormalities. Training also has an impact on the evolution of major risk factors, especially diabetes and arterial hypertension. The risks are limited as long as the contraindications are respected and the programmes supervised. The indications (stable angina, chronic heart failure, peripheral arterial disease) should be described more precisely by taking into account functional criteria: physical deconditioning, exclusion, compliance, mood swings, and seriousness of risk factors. The training programme should be tailor made and based on evaluation of the patient's adaptation to effort, in terms of frequency, intensity and duration of the exercises. Various types of exercise include overall or segmental physical training; concentric, eccentric, even isokinetic muscle contraction exercises; and proprioceptive rehabilitation. However, knowledge is lacking about the molecular mechanisms of the effects of training, the most effective intensity of effort, and strategies to develop physical activity in this ever-growing population for both primary and secondary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Casillas
- Pôle rééducation-réadaptation, Inserm U887, CHU de Dijon, 23, rue Gaffarel, 21079 Dijon cedex, France.
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