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Behzadi M, Akbarzadeh M, Mohammadi Sartang M, Rabiee M, Bideshki MV. Effect of carotenoid supplementation on blood pressure in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Rev 2025; 83:13-28. [PMID: 38219250 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Hypertension (HTN) is regarded as a serious public health issue throughout the world. High blood pressure (BP) may be improved by carotenoid supplementation; however, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide conflicting evidence. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of carotenoid supplementation on BP in RCTs by systematically review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES A comprehensive literature search was performed in the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases until October 2023, with no limitation on the date or language of publication. DATA EXTRACTION Studies that evaluated the net effects of carotenoids in the form of supplements on BP in adults were selected. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated on the basis of a fixed or random-effects model. Sensitivity analysis, meta-regression, publication bias, and heterogeneity were assessed using standard methods. Cochrane quality assessments were used to evaluate the included studies' bias risks. Evidence certainty was calculated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework). DATA ANALYSIS Reports on a total of 19 RCTs involving 1151 participants were included in this review. Carotenoid supplementation significantly reduced the systolic BP (SBP) (WMD, -2.492 mmHg; 95%CI, -4.52, -0.47; P = 0.016) and diastolic BP (DBP) (WMD, -1.60 mmHg; 95%CI, -2.73, -0.47; P = 0.005). Greater effects were observed in Asian participants, those aged >50 years, nonhealthy participants, and participants with a baseline SBP ≥130 mmHg and DBP ≥80 mmHg, at dose >10 mg. Dose-response analysis showed that carotenoid supplementation decreased SBP and DBP levels at doses of, respectively, 0-25 and 0-20 mg/d. Evidence for all SBP, DBP, and heart rate values was high quality. CONCLUSIONS Carotenoid supplementation had a beneficial effect on BP parameters, especially in nonhealthy study participants with high BP baseline levels. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NO CRD42023402740.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Behzadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Akbarzadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi Sartang
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Rabiee
- Department of Sport Sciences, International Division, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vesal Bideshki
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Francis NS, Lim YM, Mat S, Loganathan A. Effectiveness of herbs taken concurrently with antihypertensive drugs in managing hypertension and lipid outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med 2024; 83:103058. [PMID: 38830450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2024.103058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypertension is the primary cause of mortality. Hence globally, there is a growing interest in complementing antihypertensive drugs with herbs to alleviate blood pressure among hypertensive patients. Thus, this review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of complementing drugs with herbs on blood pressure and lipid profile outcomes, the associated factors and the types of complementary herbs alongside their consumption regimes. METHODS This review is registered in PROSPERO on the National Institute of Health Database with an ID: CRD42021270481. Using the PICOS (population, intervention, comparison, outcome, study type) mnemonic formula and search strategy, we searched (January 2010 to February 2024) five electronic databases including Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL (Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature) and Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection (PBSC). The inclusion criteria of the review were that all included papers had to be randomised control trials in English among hypertensive adults who complemented antihypertensive drugs with herbs. A Cochrane risk of bias assessment as well as a meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were conducted to answer the objectives. RESULTS Twenty-five randomised controlled trials involving 1996 participants from 14 countries were included. The risk of bias among included articles was assessed and presented using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the graphs were generated. The effects of complementing antihypertensive drugs with different herb regimes on blood pressure and lipid profile outcomes were compared to those solely on antihypertensive drugs and placebo via a random model effects meta-analysis using the Revman manager. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and triglycerides gave a significant reduction in favour of the intervention group which complemented herbs. The overall pooled systolic blood pressure showed a reduction of (SMD=0.81, 95 % CI 0.14-1.47, p < 0.02, p for heterogeneity=0.00001, I2 =97 %) while triglycerides were (SMD=0.73, 95 % CI 0.17-1.28, p < 0.01, p for heterogeneity=0.00001, I2 =85 %). However, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL did not exert significant outcomes. CONCLUSION The complemented herbs with antihypertensive drugs did show improvement in overall blood pressure management in the majority of the studies compared to the placebo group. Blood pressure and lipid profiles are the health outcomes that enable access to complementing herbs in controlling high blood pressure. Some limitations of this review are attributed to performance, detection and attrition bias in a few included articles alongside the presence of a high heterogeneity overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Shania Francis
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Yang Mooi Lim
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Sungai Long, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sumaiyah Mat
- Centre for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Annaletchumy Loganathan
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia.
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Knez M, Ranić M, Gurinović M. Underutilized plants increase biodiversity, improve food and nutrition security, reduce malnutrition, and enhance human health and well-being. Let's put them back on the plate! Nutr Rev 2024; 82:1111-1124. [PMID: 37643733 PMCID: PMC11233877 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The global food system depends on a limited number of plant species. Plants with unsatisfactory nutritional value are overproduced, whereas the wide variety of nutrient-rich plant species used in earlier times remains neglected. Basing our diet on a few crops has wide-ranging negative consequences on nutrition and food security. Although still under-researched, underutilized plants are slowly starting to receive increased recognition. These plants have superior nutritional content and immense potential to contribute to food and nutrition security and increased sustainability. This narrative review provides evidence to encourage the promotion, domestication, and commercialization of underutilized plants. The anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects of some of underutilized plants are presented in this review. The outstanding ability of forgotten plants to increase food and nutrition security, boost dietary diversity, reduce malnutrition, and enhance human health and well-being is demonstrated. The main barriers and obstacles to reintroducing underutilized foods are reviewed and recommendations for overcoming nutrition and dietary-related challenges for re-establishing underutilized plants into the global food system are presented. The expansion of underutilized plants for human use is of paramount importance. The exceptional nutritional properties, bioactive potential, and proven health benefits of underutilized plants indicate that increased promotion, domestication, and commercialization of these plants should be strongly supported. Besides health benefits, marginalized plants have the potential to enhance human well-being and improve people's lives in many ways, retain biodiversity, and develop local economies. Therefore, underutilized plants should be used in the broader context of well-balanced and healthy diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Knez
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Capacity Development Network in Nutrition in Central and Eastern Europe, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Ranić
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Capacity Development Network in Nutrition in Central and Eastern Europe, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Gurinović
- Capacity Development Network in Nutrition in Central and Eastern Europe, Belgrade, Serbia
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Haque MM, Rupok MRB, Molla MAH, Rahman MM, Shozib HB, Mosharaf MK. Rhizoengineering with biofilm producing rhizobacteria ameliorates oxidative stress and enhances bioactive compounds in tomato under nitrogen-deficient field conditions. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34276. [PMID: 39108901 PMCID: PMC11301190 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deficiency limits crop productivity. In this study, rhizoengineering with biofilm producing rhizobacteria (BPR) contributing to productivity, physiology, and bioactive contents in tomato was examined under N-deficient field conditions. Here, different BPR including Leclercia adecarboxylata ESK12, Enterobacter ludwigii ESK17, Glutamicibacter arilaitensis ESM4, E. cloacae ESM12, Bacillus subtilis ESM14, Pseudomonas putida ESM17 and Exiguobacterium acetylicum ESM24 were used for the rhizoengineering of tomato plants. Rhizoengineered plants showed significant increase in growth attributes (15.73%-150.13 %) compared to the control plants. However, production of hydrogen peroxide (21.49-59.38 %), electrolyte leakage (19.5-38.07 %) and malondialdehyde accumulation (36.27-46.31 %) were increased remarkably more in the control plants than the rhizoengineered plants, thus N deficiency induced the oxidative stress. Compared to the control, photosynthetic rate, leaf temperature, stomatal conductance, intrinsic and instantaneous water use efficiency, relative water content, proline and catalase activity were incredibly enhanced in the rhizoengineered plants, suggesting both non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant systems might protect tomato plants from oxidative stress under N-deficient field conditions. Yield (10.24-66.21 %), lycopene (4.8-7.94 times), flavonoids (52.32-110.46 %), phenolics (9.79-23.5 %), antioxidant activity (34.09-86.36 %) and certain minerals were significantly increased in the tomatoes from rhizoengineered plants. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that tomato plants treated with BPR induced distinct profiles compared to the control. Among all the applied BPR strains, ESM4 and ESM14 performed better in terms of biomass production, while ESK12 and ESK17 showed better results for reducing oxidative stress and increasing bioactive compounds in tomato, respectively. Thus, rhizoengineering with BPR can be utilized to mitigate the oxidative damage and increase the productivity and bioactive compounds in tomato under N-deficient field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Manjurul Haque
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rahat Bari Rupok
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abul Hossain Molla
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Habibul Bari Shozib
- Grain Quality and Nutrition Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khaled Mosharaf
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
- Division of Agriculture and Environmental Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
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Murcia-Lesmes D, Domínguez-López I, Laveriano-Santos EP, Tresserra-Rimbau A, Castro-Barquero S, Estruch R, Vazquez-Ruiz Z, Ruiz-Canela M, Razquin C, Corella D, Sorli JV, Salas-Salvadó J, Pérez-Vega KA, Gómez-Gracia E, Lapetra J, Arós F, Fiol M, Serra-Majem L, Pinto X, Ros E, Lamuela-Raventós RM. Association between tomato consumption and blood pressure in an older population at high cardiovascular risk: observational analysis of PREDIMED trial. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:922-934. [PMID: 38001046 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Clinical studies have produced conflicting evidence on the effects of the consumption of tomatoes on blood pressure, and there are limited data from epidemiologic studies. This study assesses whether tomato consumption (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and the risk of hypertension in a prospective 3-year longitudinal study in older adults at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS AND RESULTS The present study was carried out within the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial involving 7056 (82.5% hypertensive) participants. The consumption of tomato (g/day) was measured using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire and categorized into four groups: lowest (<44 g), intermediate (44-82 g), upper-intermediate (82-110 g), and highest (>110 g). Multilevel linear mixed models examined blood pressure and tomato consumption association. Cox proportional-hazards models analysed hypertension risk in 1097 non-hypertensive participants, studying risk reductions vs. the lowest tomato consumers. An inverse association between tomato consumption and diastolic blood pressure was observed between the intermediate group β = -0.65 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.20, -0.10] and the lowest consumption group. A significant inverse association was observed for blood pressure in grade 1 hypertension participants in the intermediate tomato consumption group. The risk of hypertension decreased with consumption of >110 g/day tomato (highest vs. lowest consumption; hazard ratio, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.51-0.89]). CONCLUSION Tomato consumption, including tomato-based products, is beneficial in preventing and managing hypertension. Higher tomato intake reduces hypertension risk by 36%, and moderate consumption lowers blood pressure, especially in grade 1 hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Murcia-Lesmes
- Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Edifici B, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Inés Domínguez-López
- Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Edifici B, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emily P Laveriano-Santos
- Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Edifici B, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Edifici B, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Castro-Barquero
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- BCNatal, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Mejia Lequerica 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zenaida Vazquez-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquin
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose V Sorli
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Nutrition Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Karla-Alejandra Pérez-Vega
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d`Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gracia
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos, Malaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Araba, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands and Son Espases Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Luis Serra-Majem
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Xavier Pinto
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Lipid and Vascular Risk Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital, Hospitalet de Llobregat, FIPEC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventós
- Polyphenol Research Group, Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Edifici B, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba, 171, Edifici La Masia, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Han X, Liu J, Gu Y, Li Y, Zhang W, Lv N, Dang A. Comparing lycopene's impact on mortality in adults with or without obesity. Food Funct 2024; 15:3340-3352. [PMID: 38465419 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04533a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Given lycopene's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, we investigated its mortality impact in individuals with and without obesity, confirming distinct effects. Methods: This study analyzes the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2003-2006 and 2017-2018, linking lycopene levels to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Using various statistical methods, three models are sequentially adjusted for confounders, investigating the lycopene-outcome relationship. Results: We studied 11 737 adults for 162 months and found 1537 all-cause deaths (13.1%) and 443 cardiovascular deaths (3.8%). For those without obesity, serum lycopene had an "L" shape relationship with all-cause mortality, being harmful at very low levels but protective above a certain threshold. It consistently protects against cardiovascular mortality. In individuals with obesity, the relationship with all-cause mortality formed a "U" shape, with increased risk at very low and very high lycopene levels and protection in the middle range. Cardiovascular mortality showed a similar pattern in individuals with obesity. Interestingly, dietary lycopene intake had protective effects in both groups. Conclusion: This study reveals that lycopene exhibits distinct associations with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in populations with or without obesity, emphasizing the importance of considering individual health profiles when assessing its benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Han
- Department of Special Care Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Jinxing Liu
- Department of Special Care Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Yingzhen Gu
- Department of Special Care Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Special Care Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Special Care Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Naqiang Lv
- Department of Special Care Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Aimin Dang
- Department of Special Care Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Bei Li Shi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
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Bhuiyan NZ, Hasan MK, Mahmud Z, Hossain MS, Rahman A. Prevention of Alzheimer's disease through diet: An exploratory review. Metabol Open 2023; 20:100257. [PMID: 37781687 PMCID: PMC10539673 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2023.100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This exploratory review article describes about the genetic factors behind Alzheimer's disease (AD), their association with foods, and their relationships with cognitive impairment. It explores the dietary patterns and economic challenges in AD prevention. Methods Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for articles that examined the relationships between Diets, Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and Socioeconomic conditions in preventative Alzheimer's disease studies. Graphs and Network analysis data were taken from Scopus under the MeSH search method, including words, Alzheimer's, APoE4, Tau protein, APP, Amyloid precursor protein, Beta-Amyloid, Aβ, Mediterranean Diet, MD, DASH diet, MIND diet, SES, Socioeconomic, Developed country, Underdeveloped country, Preventions. The network analysis was done through VOS viewer. Results Mediterranean diet (MD) accurately lowers AD (Alzheimer's Disease) risk to 53% and 35% for people who follow it moderately. MIND scores had a statistically significant reduction in AD rate compared to those in the lowest tertial (53% and 35% reduction, respectively). Subjects with the highest adherence to the MD and DASH had a 54% and 39% lower risk of developing AD, respectively, compared to those in the lowest tertial. Omega-6, PUFA, found in nuts and fish, can play most roles in the clearance of Aβ. Vitamin D inhibits induced fibrillar Aβ apoptosis. However, the high cost of these diet components rise doubt about the effectiveness of AD prevention through healthy diets. Conclusion The finding of this study revealed an association between diet and the effects of the chemical components of foods on AD biomarkers. More research is required to see if nutrition is a risk or a protective factor for Alzheimer's disease to encourage research to be translated into therapeutic practice and to clarify nutritional advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Zahan Bhuiyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Zimam Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sabbir Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh
| | - Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Islam MR, Dhar PS, Akash S, Syed SH, Gupta JK, Gandla K, Akter M, Rauf A, Hemeg HA, Anwar Y, Aljohny BO, Wilairatana P. Bioactive molecules from terrestrial and seafood resources in hypertension treatment: focus on molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:45. [PMID: 37902881 PMCID: PMC10616036 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN), a complex cardiovascular disease (CVD), significantly impacts global health, prompting a growing interest in complementary and alternative therapeutic approaches. This review article seeks to provide an up-to-date and thorough summary of modern therapeutic techniques for treating HTN, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of action found in substances found in plants, herbs, and seafood. Bioactive molecules have been a significant source of novel therapeutics and are crucial in developing and testing new HTN remedies. Recent advances in science have made it possible to understand the complex molecular mechanisms underlying blood pressure (BP)-regulating effects of these natural substances better. Polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and peptides are examples of bioactive compounds that have demonstrated promise in influencing several pathways involved in regulating vascular tone, reducing oxidative stress (OS), reducing inflammation, and improving endothelial function. The article explains the vasodilatory, diuretic, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) modifying properties of vital plants such as garlic and olive leaf. Phytochemicals from plants are the primary in traditional drug development as models for novel antihypertensive drugs, providing diverse strategies to combat HTN due to their biological actions. The review also discusses the functions of calcium channel blockers originating from natural sources, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and nitric oxide (NO) donors. Including seafood components in this study demonstrates the increased interest in using bioactive chemicals originating from marine sources to treat HTN. Omega-3 fatty acids, peptides, and minerals obtained from seafood sources have anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and antioxidant properties that improve vascular health and control BP. Overall, we discussed the multiple functions of bioactive molecules and seafood components in the treatment of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Puja Sutro Dhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Sabeena Hussain Syed
- School of Pharmacy, Vishwakarma University, Survey No 2, 3,4, Kondhwa Main Rd, Laxmi Nagar, Betal Nagar, Kondhwa, Pune, Maharashtra, 411048, India
| | | | - Kumaraswamy Gandla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chaitanya (Deemed to Be University), Himayath Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500075, India
| | - Muniya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23561, Pakistan.
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medinah Al-Monawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassam Oudh Aljohny
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Abbasian F, Alavi MS, Roohbakhsh A. Dietary carotenoids to improve hypertension. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19399. [PMID: 37662767 PMCID: PMC10472253 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and the main reason for premature death in older adults. Although antihypertensive medications have been used frequently, hypertension prevalence has increased in the last decade. Lifestyle improvement is a cornerstone of hypertension prevention and control. High dietary consumptions of fruits and vegetables are linked to reduced risks of high blood pressure. Carotenoids are natural tetraterpene pigments produced by bacteria, fungi, algae, some animals, and various plants. Because of their high pharmacological potential and safety, they have been mentioned as unique therapeutic agents for a diverse range of diseases. Carotenoids modulate high blood pressure. They also have several additional benefits for the cardiovascular system, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, and antiplatelet effects. They improve endothelial function and metabolic profile, as well. In the present article, we reviewed the literature data regarding carotenoids' influence on hypertension in both preclinical and clinical studies. Furthermore, we reviewed the underlying mechanisms associated with antihypertensive properties derived from in vitro and in vivo studies. Suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, Inhibiting angiotensin-II, endothelin-1, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein; and also nitric oxide enhancement are some of the mechanisms by which they lower blood pressure. The present article indicated that astaxanthine, β-carotene, bixin, capsanthin, lutein, crocin, and lycopene have antihypertensive properties. Having significant antioxidant properties, they can decrease high blood pressure and concomitant comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Abbasian
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Haque MM, Khatun M, Mosharaf MK, Rahman A, Haque MA, Nahar K. Biofilm producing probiotic bacteria enhance productivity and bioactive compounds in tomato. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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Aslam MZ, Firdos S, Zhousi L, Wang X, Liu Y, Qin X, Yang S, Ma Y, Zhang B, Dong Q. Managing hypertension by exploiting microelements and fermented dairy products. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2022.2129792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zohaib Aslam
- School of Health Science and Engineering, the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shumaila Firdos
- College of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhousi
- School of Health Science and Engineering, the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangtai Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Qin
- School of Health Science and Engineering, the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Ma
- School of Health Science and Engineering, the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Bolin Zhang
- D. G Khan section of Punjab Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Qingli Dong
- School of Health Science and Engineering, the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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12
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Sun L, Zhang Y, Wen S, Li Q, Chen R, Lai X, Zhang Z, Zhou Z, Xie Y, Zheng X, Zhang K, Li D, Sun S. Extract of Jasminum grandiflorum L. alleviates CCl 4-induced liver injury by decreasing inflammation, oxidative stress and hepatic CYP2E1 expression in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113255. [PMID: 35689859 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Jasminum grandiflorum L. (JG) is a medicinal plant containing many bioactive ingredients. Herein, we analyzed the effects of four different extracts and two compounds of JG on acute liver injury caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and underlying molecular mechanisms. 7 weeks old C57BL/6 male mice were used to establish a liver injury model by injecting with 1% CCl4, 10 mL/kg ip. Four different extracts and two compounds of JG were given to mice by gavage for 3 days. Clinical and histological chemistry assays were performed to assess liver injury. Moreover, hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation related markers were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. As a result, JG extracts and two functional components showed different degree of protect effects against CCl4-induced liver injury by the decrease of elevated serum transaminases and liver index, and the attenuation of histopathological changes in mice, among which JG extracted with petroleum ether (PET) had the most significant effect. In addition, PET remarkably alleviated hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation. Further studies revealed that PET significantly inhibited the TNF-α expression, signal pathway expression, NF-κB p65 and inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-6 expression in CCl4-induced liver injury mice. Nevertheless, hydroxytyrosol (HT) alleviated liver injury by reducing oxidative stress. Apart from PET extract, other extracts of JG can inhibit cytochrome CYP2E1 expression to protect liver tissue. These findings suggest that the extracts and its components of JG possesses the potential protective effects against CCl4-induced liver injury in mice by exerting antioxidative stress and anti-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yizi Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Shuai Wen
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qiuhua Li
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ruohong Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xingfei Lai
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhenbiao Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhiyan Zhou
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Yinzheng Xie
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Dongli Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China.
| | - Shili Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Przybylska S, Tokarczyk G. Lycopene in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1957. [PMID: 35216071 PMCID: PMC8880080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of human mortality worldwide. Oxidative stress and inflammation are pathophysiological processes involved in the development of CVD. That is why bioactive food ingredients, including lycopene, are so important in their prevention, which seems to be a compound increasingly promoted in the diet of people with cardiovascular problems. Lycopene present in tomatoes and tomato products is responsible not only for their red color but also for health-promoting properties. It is characterized by a high antioxidant potential, the highest among carotenoid pigments. Mainly for this reason, epidemiological studies show a number of favorable properties between the consumption of lycopene in the diet and a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. While there is also some controversy in research into its protective effects on the cardiovascular system, growing evidence supports its beneficial role for the heart, endothelium, blood vessels, and health. The mechanisms of action of lycopene are now being discovered and may explain some of the contradictions observed in the literature. This review aims to present the current knowledge in recent years on the preventive role of lycopene cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Przybylska
- Department of Fish, Plant and Gastronomy Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 71-459 Szczecin, Poland;
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Tomatoes: An Extensive Review of the Associated Health Impacts of Tomatoes and Factors That Can Affect Their Cultivation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020239. [PMID: 35205105 PMCID: PMC8869745 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The research outlined in this review paper discusses potential health benefits associated with a diet enriched with tomatoes and tomato products. This includes details of previous studies investigating the anticancer properties of tomatoes, protection against cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes, maintenance of a healthy gut microbiome, and improved skin health, fertility, immune response, and exercise recovery. The specific parts of a tomato fruit that contribute these health benefits are also outlined. The potential disadvantages to a tomato-rich diet are detailed, especially the consumption of supplements that contain compounds found in tomatoes, such as lycopene. This review also discusses how the cultivation of tomato plants can affect the nutritional value of the fruit harvested. Different environmental growing conditions such as light intensity, growing media, and temperature are explained in terms of the impact they have on the quality of fruit, its nutrient content, and hence the potential health benefits acquired from eating the fruit. Abstract This review outlines the health benefits associated with the regular consumption of tomatoes and tomato products. The first section provides a detailed account of the horticultural techniques that can impact the quality of the fruit and its nutritional properties, including water availability, light intensity, temperature, and growing media. The next section provides information on the components of tomato that are likely to contribute to its health effects. The review then details some of the health benefits associated with tomato consumption, including anticancer properties, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and skin health. This review also discusses the impact tomatoes can have on the gut microbiome and associated health benefits, including reducing the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases. Other health benefits of eating tomatoes are also discussed in relation to effects on diabetes, the immune response, exercise recovery, and fertility. Finally, this review also addresses the negative effects that can occur as a result of overconsumption of tomato products and lycopene supplements.
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Rezaei kelishadi M, Asbaghi O, Nazarian B, Naeini F, Kaviani M, Moradi S, Askari G, Nourian M, Ashtary-Larky D. Lycopene Supplementation and Blood Pressure: Systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized trials. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Lycopene: A Natural Arsenal in the War against Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020232. [PMID: 35204115 PMCID: PMC8868303 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycopene is a bioactive red pigment found in plants, especially in red fruits and vegetables, including tomato, pink guava, papaya, pink grapefruit, and watermelon. Several research reports have advocated its positive impact on human health and physiology. For humans, lycopene is an essential substance obtained from dietary sources to fulfil the body requirements. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing oxidative stress and downstream complications include one of the major health concerns worldwide. In recent years, oxidative stress and its counter strategies have attracted biomedical research in order to manage the emerging health issues. Lycopene has been reported to directly interact with ROS, which can help to prevent chronic diseases, including diabetes and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. In this context, the present review article was written to provide an accumulative account of protective and ameliorative effects of lycopene on coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertension, which are the leading causes of death worldwide. Lycopene is a potent antioxidant that fights ROS and, subsequently, complications. It reduces blood pressure via inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme and regulating nitrous oxide bioavailability. It plays an important role in lowering of LDL (low-density lipoproteins) and improving HDL (high-density lipoproteins) levels to minimize atherosclerosis, which protects the onset of coronary artery disease and hypertension. Various studies have advocated that lycopene exhibited a combating competence in the treatment of these diseases. Owing to all the antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-hypertensive properties, lycopene provides a potential nutraceutical with a protective and curing ability against coronary artery disease and hypertension.
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Kamyab R, Namdar H, Torbati M, Ghojazadeh M, Araj-Khodaei M, Fazljou SMB. Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Hypertension: A Review. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 11:601-617. [PMID: 34888207 PMCID: PMC8642800 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicine is a comprehensive term for ancient, culture-bound health care practices that existed before the use of science in health matters and has been used for centuries. Medicinal plants are used to treat patients with cardiovascular diseases, which may occur due to ailments of the heart and blood vessels and comprise heart attacks, cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension, and heart failure. Hypertension causes difficulty in the functioning of the heart and is involved in atherosclerosis, raising the risk of heart attack and stroke. Many drugs are available for managing these diseases, though common antihypertensive drugs are generally accompanied by many side effects. Medicinal herbs have several active substances with pharmacological and prophylactic properties that can be used in the treatment of hypertension. This review presents an overview of some medicinal plants that have been shown to have hypotensive or antihypertensive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raha Kamyab
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Namdar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Torbati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghojazadeh
- Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine (RCEBM), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Araj-Khodaei
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Ferreira-Santos P, Carrón R, Montero MJ, Sevilla MÁ. The antihypertensive and antihypertrophic effect of lycopene is not affected by and is independent of age. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Rattanavipanon W, Nithiphongwarakul C, Sirisuwansith P, Chaiyasothi T, Thakkinstian A, Nathisuwan S, Pathomwichaiwat T. Effect of tomato, lycopene and related products on blood pressure: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 88:153512. [PMID: 33676812 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted to evaluate the hypotensive effects of tomato, lycopene, and related products. However, the findings were conflicting, partly due to differences in the types of products investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to assess and compare the hypotensive effects of different tomato-related preparations through a network meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review and network meta-analysis. METHODS A network meta-analysis based on a systematic review of RCTs comparing the effect of various tomato, lycopene and related products versus placebo on blood pressure in adults was performed. PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Clinicaltrial.gov databases were searched up to October 2020 without language restrictions. The primary outcomes were systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Mean differences (MDs) along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated and pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the global inconsistency test. RESULTS A total of 11 studies including six forms of tomato, lycopene and related products met the inclusion criteria. Among these trials, eight (N = 617) and seven trials (N = 501) were included in the analysis of systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) outcomes, respectively. The standardized tomato extract (STE) significantly decreased SBP compared to placebo, with a pooled MD (95% CI) of -5.89 (-9.13 to -2.64) mmHg. The effect on DBP was not significant, with a pooled MD (95% CI) of -3.51 (-7.39 to 0.38) mmHg. Subgroup analysis in hypertensive patients showed that STE significantly reduced both SBP and DBP with pooled MDs (95% CIs) of -8.09 (-11.52 to -4.67) and -4.25 (-6.97 to -1.53) mmHg, respectively, compared to placebo. Other forms of tomato, including other dose ranges of standardized tomato extract, tomato-containing diet, lycopene-free preparation, and synthetic lycopene, did not show consistent and significant effects on either SBP or DBP in all analyses. CONCLUSION Standardized tomato extract (STE) significantly decreased SBP compared to placebo in a mixed population of healthy volunteers and hypertensive patients. The BP-lowering effect was more pronounced among hypertensive patients. No significant BP effects were seen with other forms of tomato, lycopene and related products in the overall population or any subgroup of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ammarin Thakkinstian
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Thanika Pathomwichaiwat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Sireeruckhachati Nature Learning Park, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
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Nutraceuticals and blood pressure control: a European Society of Hypertension position document. J Hypertens 2021; 38:799-812. [PMID: 31977574 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
: High-normal blood pressure (BP) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, however the cost-benefit ratio of the use of antihypertensive treatment in these patients is not yet clear. Some dietary components and natural products seems to be able to significantly lower BP without significant side effects. The aim of this position document is to highlight which of these products have the most clinically significant antihypertensive action and wheter they could be suggested to patients with high-normal BP. Among foods, beetroot juice has the most covincing evidence of antihypertensive effect. Antioxidant-rich beverages (teas, coffee) could be considered. Among nutrients, magnesium, potassium and vitamin C supplements could improve BP. Among nonnutrient-nutraceuticals, soy isoflavones could be suggested in perimenopausal women, resveratrol in insulin-resistant patients, melatonin in study participants with night hypertension. In any case, the nutracutical approach has never to substitute the drug treatment, when needed.
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Bano N, Zia-Ul-Haq M. Carotenoids in diabetes, retinopathy, and cardiovascular risk. DIABETES AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 2021:123-152. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-817428-9.00005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
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Tierney AC, Rumble CE, Billings LM, George ES. Effect of Dietary and Supplemental Lycopene on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:1453-1488. [PMID: 32652029 PMCID: PMC7666898 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally and the presence of ≥1 cardiovascular risk factors elevates total risk. Lycopene, a carotenoid with high antioxidant capacity, may be protective. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analyses is to determine the efficacy of consuming dietary and/or supplemental lycopene on cardiovascular risk factors. Using the PRISMA guidelines, 4 databases were systematically searched from inception: Medline, Cinahl, Proquest, and Scopus. Intervention trials assessing dietary or supplemental lycopene on CVD outcomes were included. The Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool was used to assess the quality of the included papers. Pooled analysis was conducted using outcomes with available data. Forty-three studies were included. Lycopene interventions were highly variable (supplement with or without food, based as tomato juice/paste/raw product, or combined with olive oil), the dose ranged from 1.44 to 75 mg lycopene/d and was not reported in 11 of 43 included studies. Studies reported conflicting findings for the effect of lycopene on cardiovascular risk factors, This was supported by meta-analyses where there were no significant differences between lycopene intervention and control groups for blood pressure and lipids (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides). This was observed for overall groups and in subgroup analyses for individuals with elevated risk factor concentrations at baseline. Lycopene interventions for cardiovascular risk factors were highly variable across studies in both the dosage provided and the mode of delivery (supplement or food based). As such, there are conflicting findings regarding the efficacy of lycopene to improve cardiovascular risk factors. This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO as CRD42018112174.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey C Tierney
- School of Allied Health and Health Implementation Science and Technology Group, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chloe E Rumble
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren M Billings
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elena S George
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Ferreira-Santos P, Aparicio R, Carrón R, Montero MJ, Sevilla MÁ. Lycopene-supplemented diet ameliorates metabolic syndrome induced by fructose in rats. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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24
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Zhao L, Ji Z, Li K, Wang B, Zeng Y, Tian S. HPLC-DAD analysis of Hyssopus Cuspidatus Boriss extract and mensuration of its antioxygenation property. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:228. [PMID: 32689984 PMCID: PMC7370466 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03016-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss has been used as an important ethnomedicinal plant for long to eliminate phlegm, relieve cough and as well as having antibacterial, antioxygenation, and antitumor activities. In this study, the polyphenol contents, flavonoid contents, free radical scavenging assay and animal antioxygenation property assay of ethanol extract of H. cuspidatus were measured. METHODS This study determined the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in H. cuspidatus by UV-VIS. Caffeic, ferulic, and rosmarinic acids were measured using HPLC-DAD. Free radical scavenging assay of H. cuspidatus was studied by colorimetric method. Animal antioxygenation property assay of H. cuspidatus was studied with mice by biochemical assay kits. RESULTS The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of H. cuspidatus in 2017, 2018, 2019 were determined and the contents of H. cuspidatus in 2019 was the highest. In addition, rosmarinic acid was the phenolic acid with the highest content in H. cuspidatus. Compared with those of DPPH free radical, hydroxyl free radical, and superoxide anion free radical, the scavenging ability of H. cuspidatus of ABTS free radical was stronger, the average IC50 value was 0.0245 mg/mL. In animal antioxygenation property experiment, the model group was successfully established with decreased activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-px and increased content of MDA. The ethanol extract of H. cuspidatus increased the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-px and reduced the content of MDA. Each group of samples and the ascorbic acid positive control group showed significant differences in the results of free radical scavenging and animal antioxygenation property experiments (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that H. cuspidatus exerts an antioxygenation property, which can be attributed to the contents of total polyphenol and flavonoid. Given its strong antioxygenation property, H. cuspidatus can be used as a new natural antioxidant in food preservation and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang China
| | - Zhihong Ji
- Xinjiang Qimu Medical Research Institute, Urumqi, 830002 Xinjiang China
| | - Keao Li
- Xinjiang Qimu Medical Research Institute, Urumqi, 830002 Xinjiang China
| | - Bo Wang
- Experimental Animal Center, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang China
| | - Ya Zeng
- College of TCM, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Shuge Tian
- College of TCM, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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25
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Malinowski B, Fajardo Leighton RI, Hill CG, Szandorowski P, Wiciński M. Bioactive Compounds and Their Effect on Blood Pressure-A Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1659. [PMID: 32503160 PMCID: PMC7352988 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood pressure affects a great part of the elderly population and is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease. New approaches have been taken in the fight against this growing problem, in the form of diets (Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and intermittent fasting). Recent research has shown the promising results regarding diets and their effect on the prevention and improvement of elevated blood pressure. This review attempts to take this a step further, reviewing 26 studies in the search for dietary elements that may be causing this improvement. Although good evidence was found in favor of lycopene, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), fiber and anthocyanin, further evidence is needed before any conclusions can be made. In contrast, the evidence shows that licorice increases blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Malinowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (R.I.F.L.); (C.G.H.); (P.S.); (M.W.)
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26
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Xu XY, Zheng J, Meng JM, Gan RY, Mao QQ, Shang A, Li BY, Wei XL, Li HB. Effects of Food Processing on In Vivo Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Properties of Green Tea Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:572. [PMID: 31766414 PMCID: PMC6943518 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Food processing can affect the nutrition and safety of foods. A previous study showed that tannase and ultrasound treatment could significantly increase the antioxidant activities of green tea extracts according to in vitro evaluation methods. Since the results from in vitro and in vivo experiments may be inconsistent, the in vivo antioxidant activities of the extracts were studied using a mouse model of alcohol-induced acute liver injury in this study. Results showed that all the extracts decreased the levels of aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase in serum, reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and triacylglycerol in the liver, and increased the levels of catalase and glutathione in the liver, which can alleviate hepatic oxidative injury. In addition, the differences between treated and original extracts were not significant in vivo. In some cases, the food processing can have a negative effect on in vivo antioxidant activities. That is, although tannase and ultrasound treatment can significantly increase the antioxidant activities of green tea extracts in vitro, it cannot improve the in vivo antioxidant activities, which indicates that some food processing might not always have positive effects on products for human benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.-Y.X.); (J.Z.); (J.-M.M.); (Q.-Q.M.); (A.S.); (B.-Y.L.)
| | - Jie Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.-Y.X.); (J.Z.); (J.-M.M.); (Q.-Q.M.); (A.S.); (B.-Y.L.)
| | - Jin-Ming Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.-Y.X.); (J.Z.); (J.-M.M.); (Q.-Q.M.); (A.S.); (B.-Y.L.)
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Qian-Qian Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.-Y.X.); (J.Z.); (J.-M.M.); (Q.-Q.M.); (A.S.); (B.-Y.L.)
| | - Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.-Y.X.); (J.Z.); (J.-M.M.); (Q.-Q.M.); (A.S.); (B.-Y.L.)
| | - Bang-Yan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.-Y.X.); (J.Z.); (J.-M.M.); (Q.-Q.M.); (A.S.); (B.-Y.L.)
| | - Xin-Lin Wei
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (X.-Y.X.); (J.Z.); (J.-M.M.); (Q.-Q.M.); (A.S.); (B.-Y.L.)
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The role of nutraceuticals in prevention and treatment of hypertension: An updated review of the literature. Food Res Int 2019; 128:108749. [PMID: 31955788 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is a worldwide epidemic in both developed and developing countries. It is one of the leading causes of major health problems such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and heart attack. In recent years, several studies have reported associations between specific dietary ingredients and improving HTN. Nutraceuticals are natural food components with pharmacological properties. Reports suggest that functional foods and nutraceutical ingredients might support patients to obtain the desired therapeutic blood pressure (BP) goals and reduce cardiovascular risks by modulating various risk factors such as oxidative stress, renin-angiotensin system hyperactivity, inflammation, hyperlipidemia, and vascular resistance. We review the recent clinical experiments that have evaluated the biological and pharmacological activities of several types of nutraceuticals, including sour tea, cocoa, common spices, vitamin C, vitamin E, lycopene, flavonoids, coenzyme Q10, milk's tripeptides, calcium, magnesium, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and prebiotics in preventing and treating HTN. This review summarizes recent knowledge about the impact of common nutraceuticals for the regulation of BP.
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Francenia Santos-Sánchez N, Salas-Coronado R, Villanueva-Cañongo C, Hernández-Carlos B. Antioxidant Compounds and Their Antioxidant Mechanism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.85270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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29
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Xu XY, Meng JM, Mao QQ, Shang A, Li BY, Zhao CN, Tang GY, Cao SY, Wei XL, Gan RY, Corke H, Li HB. Effects of Tannase and Ultrasound Treatment on the Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Green Tea Extract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:362. [PMID: 31480629 PMCID: PMC6770445 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of tannase and ultrasound treatment on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of green tea extract. The single-factor experiments and the response surface methodology were conducted to study the effects of parameters on antioxidant activity of green tea extract. The highest antioxidant activity was found under the optimal condition with the buffer solution pH value of 4.62, ultrasonic temperature of 44.12 °C, ultrasonic time of 12.17 min, tannase concentration of 1 mg/mL, and ultrasonic power of 360 W. Furthermore, phenolic profiles of the extracts were identified and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Overall, it was found that tannase led to an increase in gallic acid and a decrease in epigallocatechin gallate, and ultrasounds could also enhance the efficiency of enzymatic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jin-Ming Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qian-Qian Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bang-Yan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guo-Yi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shi-Yu Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xin-Lin Wei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China.
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Tomato and lycopene consumption is inversely associated with total and cause-specific mortality: a population-based cohort study, on behalf of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP). Br J Nutr 2019; 124:1303-1310. [PMID: 31434581 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519002150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
No data exist on the associations of dietary tomato and lycopene consumption with total and cause-specific mortality. Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2010, we evaluted the long-term impact of tomato and lycopene intake on total and cause-specific (CHD and cerebrovascular disease) mortality. We also assessed the changes in cardio-metabolic risk factors according to tomato and lycopene intake. Vital status to 31 December 2011 was ascertained. Cox proportional hazard regression models (followed by propensity score matching) were used to investigate the link between tomato and lycopene consumption total, CHD and cerebrovascular mortality. Among the 23 935 participants included (mean age = 47·6 years, 48·8 % men), 3403 deaths occurred during 76·4 months of follow-up. Tomato intake was inversely associated with total (risk ratio (RR) 0·86, 95 % CI 0·81, 0·92), CHD (RR 0·76, 95 % CI 0·70, 0·85) and cerebrovascular (RR 0·70, 95 % CI 0·62, 0·81) mortality. Similar inverse associations were found between lycopene consumption, total (RR 0·76, 95 % CI 0·72, 0·81), CHD (RR 0·73, 95 % CI 0·65, 0·83) and cerebrovascular (RR 0·71, 95 % CI 0·65, 0·78) mortality; these associations were independent of anthropometric, clinical and nutritional parameters. Age and obesity did not affect the association of tomato and lycopene consumption with total, CHD and cerebrovascular mortality. C-reactive protein significantly moderated the link between lycopene and tomato intake with total, CHD and cerebrovascular mortality. ANCOVA showed that participants with a higher tomato and lycopene consumption had a more cardio-protective profile compared with those with a lower intake. Our results highlighted the favourable effect of tomato and lycopene intake on total and cause-specific mortality as well as on cardio-metabolic risk factors. These findings should be taken into consideration for public health strategies.
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Odai T, Terauchi M, Okamoto D, Hirose A, Miyasaka N. Unsalted tomato juice intake improves blood pressure and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in local Japanese residents at risk of cardiovascular disease. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:2271-2279. [PMID: 31367355 PMCID: PMC6657743 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of unsalted tomato juice intake on cardiovascular risk markers in local Japanese residents. Four hundred and eighty-one local residents in Kuriyama, Japan, were enrolled in this study. Throughout the year of the study, they were provided with as much unsalted tomato juice as they wanted. Participants were screened for cardiovascular risk markers, such as blood pressure (BP), serum lipid profile, and glucose tolerance, before and after the study period. Of the study participants, 260 participated in a detailed study of their lifestyle factors. The average ages of the 184 male and 297 female participants were 56.3 ± 13.3 (mean ± SD) and 58.4 ± 11.7 years, respectively. BP in 94 participants with untreated prehypertension or hypertension was significantly lowered (systolic BP, 141.2 ± 12.1-137.0 ± 16.3 mmHg, p = 0.003; diastolic BP, 83.3 ± 10.1-80.9 ± 11.1 mmHg, p = 0.012, paired t test). Further, the serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level in 125 participants with untreated dyslipidemia significantly decreased (155.0 ± 23.2-149.9 ± 25.0 mg/dl, p = 0.005, paired t test). These beneficial effects were not different between sexes and among the different age groups. No significant difference in lifestyle was found before and after the study. Unsalted tomato juice intake improved systolic and diastolic BP and serum LDL-C level in local Japanese residents at risk of cardiovascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamami Odai
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Masakazu Terauchi
- Department of Women's HealthTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | | | - Asuka Hirose
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
- Department of Women's HealthTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Naoyuki Miyasaka
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
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Alam P, Raka MA, Khan S, Sarker J, Ahmed N, Nath PD, Hasan N, Mohib MM, Tisha A, Taher Sagor MA. A clinical review of the effectiveness of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against cardiovascular dysfunction and related metabolic syndrome. J Herb Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Wolak T, Sharoni Y, Levy J, Linnewiel-Hermoni K, Stepensky D, Paran E. Effect of Tomato Nutrient Complex on Blood Pressure: A Double Blind, Randomized Dose⁻Response Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11050950. [PMID: 31035474 PMCID: PMC6567177 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension, a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Tomato carotenoids such as lycopene and the colorless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene induce the antioxidant defense mechanism. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study aimed to find effective doses of Tomato Nutrient Complex (TNC) to maintain normal blood pressure in untreated hypertensive individuals. The effect of TNC treatment (5, 15 and 30 mg lycopene) was compared with 15 mg of synthetic lycopene and a placebo over eight weeks. Results indicate that only TNC treatment standardized for 15 or 30 mg of lycopene was associated with significant reductions in mean systolic blood pressure (SBP). Treatment with the lower dose standardized for 5 mg of lycopene or treatment with 15 mg of synthetic lycopene as a standalone had no significant effect. To test carotenoid bioavailability, volunteers were treated for four weeks with TNC providing 2, 5 or 15 mg lycopene. The increase in blood levels of lycopene, phytoene, and phytofluene was dose dependent. Results suggest that only carotenoid levels achieved by the TNC dose of 15 mg lycopene or higher correlate to a beneficial effect on SBP in hypertensive subjects while lower doses and lycopene alone do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Wolak
- Hypertension Unit, Soroka University Medical center and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel.
| | - Yoav Sharoni
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | - Joseph Levy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | | | - David Stepensky
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | - Esther Paran
- Hypertension Unit, Soroka University Medical center and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel.
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Cámara M, Fernández-Ruiz V, Sánchez-Mata MC, Domínguez Díaz L, Kardinaal A, van Lieshout M. Evidence of antiplatelet aggregation effects from the consumption of tomato products, according to EFSA health claim requirements. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:1515-1522. [PMID: 30896289 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1577215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Montaña Cámara
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Fernández-Ruiz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Cortes Sánchez-Mata
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Domínguez Díaz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Cicero AFG, Grassi D, Tocci G, Galletti F, Borghi C, Ferri C. Nutrients and Nutraceuticals for the Management of High Normal Blood Pressure: An Evidence-Based Consensus Document. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2019; 26:9-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s40292-018-0296-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Dalbeni A, Treggiari D, Tagetti A, Bevilaqua M, Bonafini S, Montagnana M, Scaturro G, Minuz P, Fava C. Positive Effects of Tomato Paste on Vascular Function After a Fat Meal in Male Healthy Subjects. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1310. [PMID: 30223563 PMCID: PMC6163719 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato consumption has been recently associated with a reduced incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to test whether a seven-day period of tomato paste purèe (tomato paste, TP) supplementation could improve some haemodynamic parameters in healthy volunteers before and after a standardized fat meal (FM). METHODS AND RESULTS Nineteen healthy male volunteers participated in a randomized, single-blind (operator) crossover study. Participants maintained low fiber diets (LFD) during the study periods. They were randomized either to a LFD and TP arm (80 g of TP/day) for seven-days, or to a control arm (LFD-only) with a two-week washout period. Flow Mediated Dilatation and other morpho-functional vascular indices were measured by ultrasound. Stiffness Index and Reflection Index were estimated by digital photo-plethysmography. All these parameters were measured one h before and two and 3.5 h after the FM. The difference in Stiffness Index was increased in the LFD and TP + FM-arm, as compared to the LFD-only + FM arm at both two and 3.5 h points. After the FM, in both arms, at two h, we observed a reduction in the Reflection Index and an increase in heart rate. Interestingly, only in the LFD and TP + FM-arm, some haemodynamic changes were detectable at two h; notably, there was an increase in brachial artery diameter and a reduction in diastolic blood pressure (BP). CONCLUSIONS TP has no effect on Flow Mediated Dilatation but acutely modifies some haemodynamic parameters triggered by FM, suggesting possible haemodynamic beneficial effects in people consuming tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dalbeni
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine & Hypertension Unit, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Davide Treggiari
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Angela Tagetti
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine & Hypertension Unit, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Michele Bevilaqua
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine & Hypertension Unit, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Sara Bonafini
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine & Hypertension Unit, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Martina Montagnana
- Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Giuliana Scaturro
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine & Hypertension Unit, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Pietro Minuz
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine & Hypertension Unit, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Fava
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine & Hypertension Unit, University of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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Lycopene-supplemented diet ameliorates cardiovascular remodeling and oxidative stress in rats with hypertension induced by Angiotensin II. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Mozos I, Stoian D, Caraba A, Malainer C, Horbańczuk JO, Atanasov AG. Lycopene and Vascular Health. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:521. [PMID: 29875663 PMCID: PMC5974099 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lycopene is a lipophilic, unsaturated carotenoid, found in red-colored fruits and vegetables, including tomatoes, watermelon, papaya, red grapefruits, and guava. The present work provides an up to date overview of mechanisms linking lycopene in the human diet and vascular changes, considering epidemiological data, clinical studies, and experimental data. Lycopene may improve vascular function and contributes to the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disorders. The main activity profile of lycopene includes antiatherosclerotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, antiplatelet, anti-apoptotic, and protective endothelial effects, the ability to improve the metabolic profile, and reduce arterial stiffness. In this context, lycopene has been shown in numerous studies to exert a favorable effect in patients with subclinical atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, stroke and several other cardiovascular disorders, although the obtained results are sometimes inconsistent, which warrants further studies focusing on its bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Mozos
- Department of Functional Sciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timiṣoara, Romania
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timiṣoara, Romania
| | - Dana Stoian
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timiṣoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Caraba
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timiṣoara, Romania
| | | | - Jarosław O. Horbańczuk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Magdalenka, Poland
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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The influence of adding tomato extract and acetylsalicylic acid to hypotensive therapy on the daily blood pressure profiles of patients with arterial hypertension and high cardiovascular risk. POLISH JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2017; 14:245-252. [PMID: 29354177 PMCID: PMC5767775 DOI: 10.5114/kitp.2017.72229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Arterial hypertension (HT) is one of the most common diseases around the world and constitutes a significant medical, social, and economic problem. Lifestyle changes, including adequate fruit and vegetable consumption, play an important role in controlling blood pressure (BP) and other cardiovascular risk factors. Aim To compare the influence of adding acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or standardized tomato extract (STE) to standard hypotensive therapy on the values of arterial pressure and the daily blood pressure profiles of patients with hypertension and high cardiovascular risk. Material and methods The study included 65 patients with arterial hypertension and high cardiovascular risk. High-risk patients with primary hypertension were randomly allocated in a blinded fashion to one of two groups (ASA or STE). In each case, two visits were made: the first - before the treatment, and the second - after 4 weeks of treatment. During each visit, the patients underwent a clinical measurement of arterial pressure and an ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM). Blood platelet aggregation was assessed using the VerifyNow analyzer. Results After 4 weeks of treatment, the blood pressure values during the day (p < 0.001), during the night (p < 0.05), and in 24-h BP profiles (p < 0.01) obtained with ABPM were significantly lower in the STE group in comparison to the ASA group. The addition of STE to standard hypotensive treatment resulted in a favorable increase in the nocturnal fall of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (by 6.5%) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (by 3.3%). Conclusions The use of STE is significant in HT patients with high total cardiovascular risk; it is associated with better BP control and improvements in the daily BP profile.
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Kulczyński B, Gramza-Michałowska A, Kobus-Cisowska J, Kmiecik D. The role of carotenoids in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease – Current state of knowledge. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Levy-Ontman O, Huleihel M, Hamias R, Wolak T, Paran E. An anti-inflammatory effect of red microalga polysaccharides in coronary artery endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 2017; 264:11-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Han GM, Liu P. Higher serum lycopene is associated with reduced prevalence of hypertension in overweight or obese adults. Eur J Integr Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tomato and lycopene supplementation and cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 2017; 257:100-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cicero AFG, Fogacci F, Colletti A. Food and plant bioactives for reducing cardiometabolic disease risk: an evidence based approach. Food Funct 2017; 8:2076-2088. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00178a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals active on the main cardiovascular disease risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Diseases Research Center
- Medical & Surgical Sciences Dept
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Diseases Research Center
- Medical & Surgical Sciences Dept
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Colletti
- Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Diseases Research Center
- Medical & Surgical Sciences Dept
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
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Patten GS, Abeywardena MY, Bennett LE. Inhibition of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Angiotensin II Receptor Blocking, and Blood Pressure Lowering Bioactivity across Plant Families. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 56:181-214. [PMID: 24915402 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.651176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease, kidney disease, and stroke. Interest in medicinal or nutraceutical plant bioactives to reduce hypertension has increased dramatically. The main biological regulation of mammalian blood pressure is via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The key enzyme is angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) that converts angiotensin I into the powerful vasoconstrictor, angiotensin II. Angiotensin II binds to its receptors (AT1) on smooth muscle cells of the arteriole vasculature causing vasoconstriction and elevation of blood pressure. This review focuses on the in vitro and in vivo reports of plant-derived extracts that inhibit ACE activity, block angiotensin II receptor binding and demonstrate hypotensive activity in animal or human studies. We describe 74 families of plants that exhibited significant ACE inhibitory activity and 16 plant families with potential AT1 receptor blocking activity, according to in vitro studies. From 43 plant families including some of those with in vitro bioactivity, the extracts from 73 plant species lowered blood pressure in various normotensive or hypertensive in vivo models by the oral route. Of these, 19 species from 15 families lowered human BP when administered orally. Some of the active plant extracts, isolated bioactives and BP-lowering mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen S Patten
- a CSIRO Preventative Health National Research Flagship, Animal, Food and Health Sciences , Adelaide , South Australia , Australia
| | - Mahinda Y Abeywardena
- a CSIRO Preventative Health National Research Flagship, Animal, Food and Health Sciences , Adelaide , South Australia , Australia
| | - Louise E Bennett
- b CSIRO Preventative Health National Research Flagship, Animal, Food and Health Sciences, Werribee , Victoria , British Columbia , Australia
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Nguyen HTT, Nguyen HT, Islam MZ, Obi T, Pothinuch P, Zar PPK, Hou DX, Van Nguyen T, Nguyen TM, Van Dao C, Shiraishi M, Miyamoto A. Pharmacological characteristics of Artemisia vulgaris L. in isolated porcine basilar artery. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 182:16-26. [PMID: 26875644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In Vietnamese traditional herbalism, there are conflicting opinions about the effect of Artemisia vulgaris L. (AVL, English name: mugwort) on hypertension. Some ethnic doctors recommend the use of AVL for treatment of hypertension, whereas others advise against it. The purpose of this study was to clarify the pharmacological characteristics of AVL in isolated arteries to explain the conflicts surrounding the use of AVL for treatment of hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS We initially performed a functional study using an organ bath system to investigate the effect of AVL extract on isolated porcine basilar artery. We then measured the change in intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration elicited by AVL using cultured smooth muscle cells loaded with the Ca(2+) indicator fluo-4. Finally, using HPLC, we determined the active components in AVL. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION AVL induced vasoconstriction at resting tension, and endothelial removal enhanced this effect significantly. Pretreatment with PD123319 (an AT2 receptor antagonist), Nω-nitro-L-arginine (a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), or both, also enhanced this effect. AVL-induced contraction was competitively inhibited by methiothepin (a 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 receptor antagonist) in the presence of ketanserin (a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist). Removal of extracellular calcium with nifedipine (an L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker) or ruthenium red (a ryanodine receptor blocker) significantly reduced AVL-induced contraction, whereas losartan (an AT1 receptor antagonist) and diphenhydramine (a H1 receptor antagonist) had no effect on this contraction. AVL increased the intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration in cultured cells, and this increment was inhibited by methiothepin. HPLC analysis revealed that the retention time of the first peak in the AVL profile was similar to that of the 5-HT standard, and that addition of 5-HT to the AVL sample enhanced this peak. On the other hand, AVL induced endothelium-independent relaxation under precontracted conditions with 60mM KCl. Captopril (an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor), atenolol (a β1 receptor antagonist) and cimetidine (a H2 receptor antagonist) had no effect on this relaxation. In Ca(2+)-free 60mM KCl-containing solution, pretreatment with AVL significantly inhibited CaCl2-induced contraction. CONCLUSION For the first time, the present study has demonstrated that AVL has two opposite effects, contraction and relaxation, on isolated artery, which may help to explain the conflicting indications for AVL in traditional herbalism. 5-HT is a significant factor affecting artery contraction in the presence of AVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Hai Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Plant Bio-technology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy crossing, Gia Lam district, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Md Zahorul Islam
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Takeshi Obi
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Pitchaya Pothinuch
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phyu Phyu Khine Zar
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - De Xing Hou
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Thanh Van Nguyen
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy crossing, Gia Lam district, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tuong Manh Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy crossing, Gia Lam district, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Van Dao
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Mitsuya Shiraishi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyamoto
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
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Borghi C, Cicero AFG. Nutraceuticals with a clinically detectable blood pressure-lowering effect: a review of available randomized clinical trials and their meta-analyses. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2016; 83:163-171. [PMID: 26852373 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to review and comment on the available evidence on nutraceuticals with a clinically demonstrable blood pressure (BP)-lowering effect. METHODS We reviewed studies published in the English language from 1990 to 2015 on dietary supplements or nutraceuticals claiming to show an effect on human BP. An initial list of possibly effective agents and studies was obtained from the online reference, the Natural Medicine Comprehensive Database. Using PubMed, we searched agents identified from this list using the MeSH terms 'hypertension', 'blood pressure', 'dietary supplement' and 'nutraceuticals', alone and in combination. We then focused our attention on meta-analyses and randomized clinical trials. RESULTS Beyond the well-known effects on BP of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and the Mediterranean diet, a large number of studies have investigated the possible BP-lowering effect of different dietary supplements and nutraceuticals, most of which are antioxidant agents with a high tolerability and safety profile. In particular, a relatively large body of evidence supports the use of potassium, magnesium, L-arginine, vitamin C, cocoa flavonoids, beetroot juice, coenzyme Q10, controlled-release melatonin and aged garlic extract. The antihypertensive effect of all these nutraceuticals seems to be dose related and the overall tolerability is good. CONCLUSION Some nutraceuticals might have a positive impact on BP in humans. Further clinical research is needed, to identify from the available active nutraceuticals those with the best cost-effectiveness and risk-benefit ratio for widespread and long-term use in the general population with a low-added cardiovascular risk related to uncomplicated hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Arrigo F G Cicero
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
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Anwar MA, Al Disi SS, Eid AH. Anti-Hypertensive Herbs and Their Mechanisms of Action: Part II. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:50. [PMID: 27014064 PMCID: PMC4782109 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicine has a history extending back to thousands of years, and during the intervening time, man has identified the healing properties of a very broad range of plants. Globally, the use of herbal therapies to treat and manage cardiovascular disease (CVD) is on the rise. This is the second part of our comprehensive review where we discuss the mechanisms of plants and herbs used for the treatment and management of high blood pressure. Similar to the first part, PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were utilized, and the following keywords and phrases were used as inclusion criteria: hypertension, high blood pressure, herbal medicine, complementary and alternative medicine, endothelial cells, nitric oxide (NO), vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, hydrogen sulfide, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), oxidative stress, and epigenetics/epigenomics. Each of the aforementioned keywords was co-joined with plant or herb in question, and where possible with its constituent molecule(s). This part deals in particular with plants that are used, albeit less frequently, for the treatment and management of hypertension. We then discuss the interplay between herbs/prescription drugs and herbs/epigenetics in the context of this disease. The review then concludes with a recommendation for more rigorous, well-developed clinical trials to concretely determine the beneficial impact of herbs and plants on hypertension and a disease-free living.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akhtar Anwar
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara S Al Disi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar UniversityDoha, Qatar; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of BeirutBeirut, Lebanon
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Lupton JR, Blumberg JB, L'Abbe M, LeDoux M, Rice HB, von Schacky C, Yaktine A, Griffiths JC. Nutrient reference value: non-communicable disease endpoints--a conference report. Eur J Nutr 2016; 55 Suppl 1:S1-10. [PMID: 26983608 PMCID: PMC4819601 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1195-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition is complex-and seemingly getting more complicated. Most consumers are familiar with "essential nutrients," e.g., vitamins and minerals, and more recently protein and important amino acids. These essential nutrients have nutrient reference values, referred to as dietary reference intakes (DRIs) developed by consensus committees of scientific experts convened by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and carried out by the Food and Nutrition Board. The DRIs comprise a set of four nutrient-based reverence values, the estimated average requirements, the recommended dietary allowances (RDAs), the adequate intakes and the tolerable upper intake levels for micronutrient intakes and an acceptable macronutrient distribution range for macronutrient intakes. From the RDA, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) derives a labeling value called the daily value (DV), which appears on the nutrition label of all foods for sale in the US. The DRI reports do not make recommendations about whether the DV labeling values can be set only for what have been defined to date as "essential nutrients." For example, the FDA set a labeling value for "dietary fiber" without having the DV. Nutrient reference values-requirements are set by Codex Alimentarius for essential nutrients, and regulatory bodies in many countries use these Codex values in setting national policy for recommended dietary intakes. However, the focus of this conference is not on essential nutrients, but on the "nonessential nutrients," also termed dietary bioactive components. They can be defined as "Constituents in foods or dietary supplements, other than those needed to meet basic human nutritional needs, which are responsible for changes in health status (Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office of Public Health and Science, Department of Health and Human Services in Fed Regist 69:55821-55822, 2004)." Substantial and often persuasive scientific evidence does exist to confirm a relationship between the intake of a specific bioactive constituent and enhanced health conditions or reduced risk of a chronic disease. Further, research on the putative mechanisms of action of various classes of bioactives is supported by national and pan-national government agencies, and academic institutions, as well as functional food and dietary supplement manufacturers. Consumers are becoming educated and are seeking to purchase products containing bioactives, yet there is no evaluative process in place to let the public know how strong the science is behind the benefits or the quantitative amounts needed to achieve these beneficial health effects or to avoid exceeding the upper level (UL). When one lacks an essential nutrient, overt deficiency with concomitant physiological determents and eventually death are expected. The absence of bioactive substances from the diet results in suboptimal health, e.g., poor cellular and/or physiological function, which is relative and not absolute. Regrettably at this time, there is no DRI process to evaluate bioactives, although a recent workshop convened by the National Institutes of Health (Options for Consideration of Chronic Disease Endpoints for Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs); March 10-11, 2015; http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dri/ ) did explore the process to develop DVs for nutrients, the lack of which result in increased risk of chronic disease (non-communicable disease) endpoints. A final report is expected soon. This conference (CRN-International Scientific Symposium; "Nutrient Reference Value-Non-Communicable Disease (NRV-NCD) Endpoints," 20 November in Kronberg, Germany; http://www.crn-i.ch/2015symposium/ ) explores concepts related to the Codex NRV process, the public health opportunities in setting NRVs for bioactive constituents, and further research and details on the specific class of bioactives, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (also termed omega-3 fatty acids) and their constituents, specifically docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Lupton
- Emeritus, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - M L'Abbe
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M LeDoux
- Natural Alternatives International, Inc., San Marcos, CA, USA
| | - H B Rice
- Global Organization for EPA and DHA Omega-3s, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - A Yaktine
- The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J C Griffiths
- Council for Responsible Nutrition, Washington, DC, USA.
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50
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Burton-Freeman B, Edirisinghe I, Cappozzo J, Banaszewski K, Giordano R, Kappagoda CT, Cao Y, Kris-Etherton P. Processed tomato products and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/nua-150059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Britt Burton-Freeman
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Center for Nutrition Research, Bedford Park, IL, USA
- University of California-Davis, Department of Nutrition, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Indika Edirisinghe
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Center for Nutrition Research, Bedford Park, IL, USA
| | - Jack Cappozzo
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Center for Nutrition Research, Bedford Park, IL, USA
| | - Katarzyna Banaszewski
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Center for Nutrition Research, Bedford Park, IL, USA
| | - Rose Giordano
- University of California-Davis, Departments of Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - C. Tissa Kappagoda
- University of California-Davis, Departments of Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yumei Cao
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Chandlee Lab, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Penny Kris-Etherton
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Chandlee Lab, University Park, PA, USA
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