Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Mar 27, 2016; 8(3): 238-245
Published online Mar 27, 2016. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v8.i3.238
Table 1 Baseline characteristics (n = 152)
Re-VBG n = 21 (13.8%) Mean ± SDcSG n = 16 (10.5%) Mean ± SDcRYGB n = 115 (75.7%) Mean ± SDP value
Age (yr)42.3 ± 8.641.6 ± 11.443.0 ± 8.90.828
Male:female5:163:1319:960.674
Body mass index before VBG (kg/m2)42.6 ± 5.443.6 ± 5.044.1 ± 4.90.445
Preoperative comorbidities
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (n)42130.538
Hypertension (n)42250.79
Dyslipidemia (n)03110.111
Sleep apnea (n)1120.249
Osteo-articular disease (n)5090.038
Patients with 1 or more comorbidity105410.512
Operative time (min)77.0 ± 39.2100.6 ± 19.6130.7 ± 47.3< 0.001
Length of hospital stay (d)3.1 ± 2.93.8 ± 2.24.1 ± 5.80.761
Interval between VBG and revision (mo)12.3 ± 10.730.7 ± 26.547.8 ± 34.8< 0.001
Average %EWL after VBG (%)61.7 ± 27.038.7 ± 22.943.5 ± 25.00.007
Table 2 Complaints before revision (n = 152)
Re-VBG n = 21 (n)cSG n = 16 (n)cRYGB n = 115 (n)Total (%)P value
Vomiting/ dysphagia/food intolerance1783640.2< 0.001
Weight regain144230.80.007
Insufficient weight loss342521.10.665
Unknown0063.90.792
Severe GERD0042.61.000
Decline comorbidities0010.71.000
Excessive weight loss0010.71.000
Table 3 Results after primary revision at last follow-up (n = 152)
Re-VBG n = 21 Mean ± SDcSG n = 16 Mean ± SDcRYGB n = 115 Mean ± SDCorrected P value
Re-VBGvscSGcRYGB vs Re-VBGcRYGBvscSG
Follow-up (mo)39.1 ± 48.749.3 ± 17.650.0 ± 33.3
Average %EWL after VBG (%)61.7 ± 27.038.7 ± 22.943.5 ± 25.0
Additional %EWL-14.6 ± 19.917.9 ± 32.7
Total %EWL (%)45.4 ± 25.556.6 ± 24.471.7 ± 23.80.6140.0060.025
Total body weight loss (%)18.4 ± 11.124.1 ± 11.630.4 ± 10.10.049< 0.0010.016
Change body mass index (kg/m2)8.1 ± 5.810.8 ± 5.813.5 ± 5.10.119< 0.0010.042
Reinhold (%EWL > 50%) (%)47.656.382.60.7911 (0.211; 2.972)0.3421 (0.125; 0.934)0.2711 (0.090; 0.812)
Long-term complications (%)61.962.515.70.8331 (0.214; 3.244)10.1051 (3.600; 28.367)8.4211 (2.733; 25.950)
2nd revisional procedure (n, %)10 (47.6%)5 (31.3%)1 (0.9%)NANANA
Improvement/ resolution in patients with 1 or more comorbidities (%)80 (8/10)60 (3/5)92.7 (38/41)0.3751 (0.081; 1.738)1.2471 (0.476; 3.265)0.4681 (0.126; 1.740)
Table 4 Long-term complaints after revision (n = 152)
Re-VBG n = 21 (n)cSG n = 16 (n)cRYGB n = 115 (n)Total (%)
Vomiting/dysphagia/ food intolerance4469.2
Weight regain6449.2
Insufficient weight loss2102.0
Petersen’s herniaNANA42.6
Incisional hernia0032.0
Recurrent abdominal pain1112.0
None869773.0
Table 5 Subgroup analysis (n = 152) (weight regain/insufficient weight loss vs other complaints)
WR/IWL n = 79 Mean ± SDOther n = 73 Mean ± SDP value
Age (yr)41.6 ± 7.443.9 ± 10.70.121
Male:female (n)13:6614:590.661
Body mass index before VBG (kg/m2)44.7 ± 5.042.8 ± 4.80.016
Operative time (min)128.2 ± 46.3109.7 ± 48.60.02
Length of hospital stay (d)4.3 ± 6.83.4 ± 2.00.858
Type of revision
Re-VBG4170.004
cSG88
cRYGB6748
Average %EWL after VBG (%)31.3 ± 19.061.2 ± 23.1< 0.001
Postoperative complications < 30 d (n, %)12 (15.2%)6 (8.2%)0.184
Total %EWL (%)67.5 ± 23.765.2 ± 28.10.583
Reinhold (%EWL > 50%) (%)79.7740.398
Long-term complications (%)22.828.80.399
2nd revisional procedure (n)5110.079
Improvement/resolution rate (%, n)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus90 (9/10)55.6 (5/9)NA
Hypertension76.9 (10/13)44.4 (8/18)NA
Dyslipidemia100 (9/9)100 (5/5)NA
Sleep apnea0 (0/1)66.7 (2/3)NA
Osteo-articular disease57.1 (4/7)57.1 (4/7)NA