Incision and drainage vs minimally invasive catheter drainage on pain and anal function in high perianal abscess patients

Table 1 Comparison of general information between two groups, n (%)/mean ± SD

Parameter	ID group (n = 122)	MICD group (n = 104)	t/χ2	P value
Gender			0.102	0.750
Male	96 (78.69)	80 (76.92)
Female	26 (21.31)	24 (23.08)
Age (years)	52.34 ± 7.13	52.41 ± 7.06	0.071	0.944
BMI (kg/m2)	24.12 ± 3.35	24.18 ± 3.29	0.125	0.901
Hypertension	36 (29.51)	32 (30.77)	0.042	0.837
Diabetes	17 (13.93)	12 (11.54)	0.288	0.591
Constipation	24 (19.67)	20 (19.23)	0.007	0.933
Course of disease (days)	5.32 ± 1.54	5.29 ± 1.51	0.151	0.880
Abscess location			0.239	0.971
High intersphincteric abscess	28 (22.95)	24 (23.08)
Pelvirectal abscess	31 (25.41)	28 (26.92)
Submucosal abscess	29 (23.77)	22 (21.15)
Retrorectal abscess	34 (27.87)	30 (28.85)
Abscess diameter (cm)	1.44 ± 0.46	1.47 ± 0.43	0.463	0.644
Deep abscess	50 (40.98)	44 (42.31)	0.041	0.840

ID: Incision and drainage with selective seton placement; MICD: Minimally invasive catheter drainage; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Comparison of anal function between two groups, n (%)

Parameter	ID group (n = 122)	MICD group (n = 104)	χ2	P value
Normal function	59 (48.36)	72 (69.23)	10.036	0.002
Anal incontinence	63 (51.64)	32 (31.37)	10.036	0.002

ID: Incision and drainage with selective seton placement; MICD: Minimally invasive catheter drainage.

Table 3 Comparison of inflammatory cytokine levels between two groups (pg/mL), mean ± SD

Parameter	ID group (n = 122)	MICD group (n = 104)	t value	P value
IL-4
Preoperative	47.32 ± 4.18	47.41 ± 4.22	0.159	0.874
Postoperative 7 days	33.18 ± 3.24	32.05 ± 2.94	2.737	0.007
IL-6
Preoperative	249.67 ± 37.51	250.14 ± 37.49	0.095	0.925
Postoperative 7 days	105.32 ± 14.67	100.98 ± 8.53	2.761	0.006
IL-10
Preoperative	21.85 ± 6.32	21.96 ± 6.41	0.122	0.903
Postoperative 7 days	35.46 ± 9.35	39.73 ± 11.64	3.010	0.003
TNF-α
Preoperative	3.44 ± 1.05	3.42 ± 1.07	0.107	0.915
Postoperative 7 days	1.62 ± 0.34	1.49 ± 0.31	2.822	0.005

ID: Incision and drainage with selective seton placement; MICD: Minimally invasive catheter drainage; IL-4: Interleukin-4; IL-6: Interleukin-6; IL-10: Interleukin-10; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

Table 4 Comparison of anal fistula formation and abscess recurrence rate between two groups, n (%)

Parameter	ID group (n = 122)	MICD group (n = 104)	χ2	P value
Anal fistula formation	30 (24.59)	9 (8.65)	9.986	0.002
Abscess recurrence	15 (12.30)	4 (3.85)	5.205	0.023

ID: Incision and drainage with selective seton placement; MICD: Minimally invasive catheter drainage.

Table 5 Univariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for postoperative anal incontinence in patients with perianal abscess

Parameter	Coefficient	SE	Wald	P value	OR	95%CI
MICD	-0.883	0.176	25.171	< 0.001	0.415	0.294-0.585
Age	0.028	0.012	5.444	0.019	1.028	1.004-1.053
Male	0.312	0.145	4.630	0.031	1.366	1.029-1.813
BMI	0.145	0.065	4.976	0.026	1.156	1.019-1.311
Diabetes	0.848	0.289	8.610	0.003	2.335	1.326-4.112
Abscess diameter	0.521	0.198	6.924	0.009	1.684	1.143-2.481
Deep abscess	0.916	0.229	16.000	< 0.001	2.499	1.595-3.915

OR: Odds ratio; MICD: Minimally invasive catheter drainage; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 6 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for postoperative anal incontinence in patients with perianal abscess

Parameter	Coefficient	SE	Wald Stat	P value	OR	OR CI lower	OR CI upper
MICD	-1.096	0.322	11.585	0.003	0.334	0.177	0.630
Age	0.015	0.014	1.148	0.285	1.015	0.988	1.043
Male	0.198	0.162	1.494	0.223	1.219	0.889	1.673
BMI	0.098	0.055	3.175	0.074	1.103	0.991	1.227
Diabetes	0.693	0.335	4.279	0.006	2.000	1.037	3.856
Abscess diameter	0.285	0.221	1.663	0.197	1.330	0.862	2.053
Deep abscess	0.813	0.264	9.484	< 0.001	2.255	1.127	4.512

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; MICD: Minimally invasive catheter drainage; BMI: Body mass index.