Hemoglobin loss method calculates blood loss during pancreaticoduodenectomy and predicts bleeding-related risk factors

Table 1 Comparison of general patient characteristics between the open and laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy groups

Characteristic	OPD group, n = 175	LPD group, n = 166	χ2/Z value	P value
Sex			3.224	0.073
Male	95 (54.3)	106 (63.9)
Female	80 (45.7)	60 (36.1)
Age in yr	60.0 (52.0, 65.0)	60.0 (52.0, 66.0)	-0.008	0.993
BMI in kg/m2	23.80 (21.30, 26.03)	23.65 (21.16, 25.85)	-0.556	0.578
History of abdominal surgery			0.025	0.874
none	154 (88)	147 (88.6)
Yes	21 (12)	19 (11.4)
History of diabetes			0.426	0.514
none	147 (84)	135 (81.3)
Yes	28 (16)	31 (18.7)
Preoperative CEA in ng/mL	3.11 (2.10, 4.96)	3.03 (1.77, 4.31)	-1.431	0.152
Preoperative alkaline phosphatase in U/L	302.0 (121.0, 496.0)	300.5 (112.3, 554.5)	-0.089	0.929
Preoperative glutamyl transpeptidase in U/L	323.0 (62.0, 855.0)	335.5 (44.8, 792.5)	-0.187	0.852
Preoperative Hb in g/L	127.0 (114.0, 137.0)	128.0 (114.0, 137.3)	-0.171	0.864
ASA classification			-1.277	0.202
I	2 (1.1)	1 (0.6)
II	129 (73.7)	113 (68.1)
III	42 (24.0)	51 (30.7)
IV	2 (1.1)	1 (0.6)
Preoperative total bilirubin > 200 μmol/L			0.000	0.984
No	139 (79.4)	132 (79.5)
Yes	36 (20.6)	34 (20.5)

Data are n (%) or M (IQR). ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI: Body mass index; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; Hb: Hemoglobin; LPD: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy; OPD: Open pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Table 2 Comparison of blood loss between the open and laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy groups

Blood loss	OPD group, n = 175	LPD group, n = 166	χ2/Z value	P value
IEBL in mL	100.0 (50.0, 300.0)	200.0 (50.0, 200.0)	-1.084	0.278
ICBL in mL	663.8 (347.7, 1138.2)	767.7 (435.4, 1249.0)	-1.833	0.067
PCBL in mL	806.1 (375.9, 1347.6)	1061.6 (612.3, 1632.3)	-3.112	0.002

ICBL: Intraoperative calculation of blood loss; IEBL: Intraoperative estimation of blood loss; LPD: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy; OPD: Open pancreaticoduodenectomy; PCBL: Perioperative calculation of blood loss.

Table 3 Comparison of the differences between the intraoperative estimation of blood loss and intraoperative calculation of blood loss

Blood loss	Intraoperative blood loss in mL	Z value	P value
IEBL	100.0 (50.0, 300.0)	-16.924	0.000
ICBL	743.2 (393.0, 1173.1)

ICBL: Intraoperative calculation of blood loss; IEBL: Intraoperative estimation of blood loss.

Table 4 Correlation analysis between intraoperative estimation of blood loss and intraoperative calculation of blood loss

Blood loss	Statistical test	ICBL in mL
IEBL in mL	Pearson correlation value	0.312
	P value	0.000

ICBL: Intraoperative calculation of blood loss; IEBL: Intraoperative estimation of blood loss.

Table 5 Single factor analysis of intraoperative calculation of blood loss

Parameter	B value	P value	95%CI
Age in yr	3.575	0.448	-5.68-12.83
History of diabetes	301.719	0.017	53.82-549.62
History of abdominal surgery	-19.508	0.896	-313.37-274.35
BMI in kg/m2	18.799	0.186	-9.10-46.70
Nature of tumor	-120.529	0.383	-392.12-151.07
Preoperative albumin in g/L	-4.133	0.648	-21.90-13.63
Pancreatic tumors	15.438	0.884	-192.26-223.14
Preoperative total bilirubin > 200 in μmol/L	196.479	0.098	-36.69-429.65

BMI: Body mass index; CI: Confidence interval.

Table 6 Single factor analysis of perioperative calculation of blood loss

Parameter	B value	P value	95%CI
Age in yr	10.585	0.100	-2.04-23.21
History of diabetes	107.218	0.538	-234.79-449.23
History of abdominal surgery	-87.189	0.670	-489.35-314.97
BMI in kg/m2	38.688	0.046	0.62-76.75
Nature of tumor	-207.523	0.273	-579.06-164.02
Preoperative albumin in g/L	-5.487	0.658	-29.81-18.84
Pancreatic tumors	33.033	0.819	-251.28-317.34
Preoperative total bilirubin > 200 in μmol/L	325.675	0.045	7.09-644.26

BMI: Body mass index; CI: Confidence interval.