Different timing for abdominal paracentesis catheter placement and drainage in severe acute pancreatitis complicated by intra-abdominal fluid accumulation

Table 1 Comparison of general clinical data among the groups of patients

Groups	Cases	Gender		Age (yr)	APACHE II score at admission (points)	Etiology
		Male	Female			Alcoholic	Biliary diseases	Hyperlipidemia
Group A	89	55 (61.80)	34 (38.20)	60.58 ± 8.84	15.65 ± 2.15	29 (32.58)	38 (42.70)	22 (24.72)
Group B	55	30 (54.55)	25 (45.45)	59.87 ± 9.22	15.90 ± 2.09	18 (32.73)	22 (40.00)	15 (27.27)
Group C	40	24 (60.00)	16 (40.00)	61.15 ± 9.03	15.43 ± 2.11	12 (30.00)	18 (45.00)	10 (25.00)
F/χ2		0.753		0.243	0.581	0.301
P value		0.686		0.785	0.560	0.990

APACHE: Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation.

Table 2 Comparison of progression rate, mortality rate, and organ dysfunction among the groups

Groups	Cases	Progression rate (%)	Case fatality rate (%)	Number of organ failure
				0	≥ 1
Group A	89	2 (2.25)	1 (1.12)	52 (58.43)	37 (41.57)
Group B	55	12 (21.82)a	2 (3.64)	16 (29.09)	39 (70.91)a
Group C	40	13 (32.50)a	4 (10.00)	10 (25.00)	30 (75.00)a
χ2		23.371	5.948	18.309
P value		< 0.001	0.051	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05 vs group A.

Table 3 Comparison of serum indicators among the groups

Groups	Cases	CRP (mg/L)		PCT (ng/mL)		TNF-α (pg/L)		IL-6 (ng/L)		IL-8 (ng/L)		SAA (mg/L)
		Preoperative	Postoperative 3 d	Preoperative	Postoperative 3 d	Preoperative	Postoperative 3 d	Preoperative	Postoperative 3 d	Preoperative	Postoperative 3 d	Preoperative	Postoperative 3 d
Group A	89	130.87 ± 32.21	55.41 ± 19.32	9.95 ± 2.94	1.36 ± 0.51	35.46 ± 10.41	15.12 ± 6.63	550.45 ± 80.24	332.14 ± 90.16	630.51 ± 77.16	415.54 ± 68.43	557.97 ± 82.40	270.06 ± 78.49
Group B	55	128.87 ± 30.41	82.25 ± 20.41a	10.10 ± 2.73	3.20 ± 0.97a	37.80 ± 11.32	22.26 ± 9.96a	542.91 ± 84.08	412.20 ± 88.50a	634.42 ± 78.20	505.80 ± 66.90a	560.43 ± 80.16	344.41 ± 81.96a
Group C	40	128.10 ± 31.14	88.65 ± 19.14a	10.03 ± 2.85	3.41 ± 0.98a	37.15 ± 11.08	23.39 ± 9.12a	548.84 ± 81.95	420.08 ± 87.65a	629.95 ± 75.43	510.43 ± 68.23a	554.18 ± 79.67	350.60 ± 80.42a
F value		0.132	53.331	0.048	139.963	0.877	19.559	2.433	20.196	0.055	42.384	0.069	21.354
P value		0.877	< 0.001	0.953	< 0.001	0.418	< 0.001	0.091	< 0.001	0.947	< 0.001	0.934	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05 vs group A.

CRP: C-reactive protein; PCT: Procalcitonin; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; SAA: Serum amyloid A; IL-8: Interleukin-8; IL-6: Interleukin-6.

Table 4 Comparison of length of hospital stay and hospitalization costs among the groups

Groups	Cases	Hospitalization time (d)	Hospitalization expenses (ten thousand yuan)
Group A	89	24.50 ± 4.16	2.70 (1.20, 3.55)
Group B	55	35.54 ± 6.62a	5.50 (2.98, 7.12)a
Group C	40	38.89 ± 7.10a	6.00 (3.10, 8.05)a
F/χ2		114.111	6.644
P value		< 0.001	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05 vs group A.

Table 5 Comparison of complications among the groups

Groups	Cases	Pancreatic pseudocyst	Pancreatic abscess	Abdominal infection	Total
Group A	89	2 (2.25)	1 (1.12)	2 (2.25)	5 (5.62)
Group B	55	3 (5.45)	2 (3.64)	3 (5.45)	8 (14.55)
Group C	40	3 (7.50)	3 (7.50)	4 (10.00)	10 (25.00)a
χ2					9.779
P value					0.008

^aP < 0.05 vs group A.