|
1
|
dos Santos PP, Fujimori ASS, Polegato BF, Okoshi MP. The Therapeutic Potential of Orange Juice in Cardiac Remodeling: A Metabolomics Approach. Metabolites 2025; 15:198. [PMID: 40137162 PMCID: PMC11944373 DOI: 10.3390/metabo15030198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2025] [Accepted: 02/17/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide, and the process of cardiac remodeling lies at the core of most of these diseases. Sustained cardiac remodeling almost unavoidably ends in progressive muscle dysfunction, heart failure, and ultimately death. Therefore, in order to attenuate cardiac remodeling and reduce mortality, different therapies have been used, but it is important to identify adjuvant factors that can help to modulate this process. One of these factors is the inclusion of affordable foods in the diet with potential cardioprotective properties. Orange juice intake has been associated with several beneficial metabolic changes, which may influence cardiac remodeling induced by cardiovascular diseases. Current opinion highlights how the metabolites and metabolic pathways modulated by orange juice consumption could potentially attenuate cardiac remodeling. It was observed that orange juice intake significantly modulates phospholipids, energy metabolism, endocannabinoid signaling, amino acids, and gut microbiota diversity, improving insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. Specifically, modulation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) metabolism and activation of PPARα and PPARγ receptors, associated with improved energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress, showed protective effects on the heart. Furthermore, orange juice intake positively impacted gut microbiota diversity and led to an increase in beneficial bacterial populations, correlated with improved metabolic syndrome. These findings suggest that orange juice may act as a metabolic modulator, with potential therapeutic implications for cardiac remodeling associated with cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Portugal dos Santos
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil; (A.S.S.F.); (B.F.P.); (M.P.O.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Poulios A, Papanikolaou K, Draganidis D, Tsimeas P, Chatzinikolaou A, Tsiokanos A, Jamurtas AZ, Fatouros IG. The Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation on Soccer Performance and Recovery: A Critical Review of the Available Evidence. Nutrients 2024; 16:3803. [PMID: 39599590 PMCID: PMC11597853 DOI: 10.3390/nu16223803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2024] [Revised: 10/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Soccer is linked to an acute inflammatory response and the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Antioxidant supplements have shown promising effects in reducing muscle damage and oxidative stress and enhancing the recovery process after eccentric exercise. This critical review highlights the influence of antioxidant supplements on performance and recovery following soccer-related activity, training, or competition. Methods: English-language publications from the main databases that examine how antioxidant-based nutrition and supplements affect the recovery process before, during, and after soccer practice or competition were used. Results:Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), astaxanthin (Asx), red orange juice (ROJS), L-carnitine (LC), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), beetroot (BET), turmeric root, and tangeretin reduce muscle damage (creatine kinase, myoglobin, cortisol, lactate dehudrogenase, muscle soreness). Tangeretin, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), turmeric root, and aronia melanocarpa restrict inflammation (leukocytes, prostalagdin E2, C-reactive protein, IL-6 and 10). Q10, DHA, Asx, tangeretin, lippia citriodora, quercetin, allopurinol, turmeric root, ROJS, aronia melanocarpa, vitamins C-E, green tea (GTE), and sour tea (STE) reduce oxidative stress (malondialdehude, glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutases, protein carbonyls, ascorbate, glutathione peroxidase, and paraoxonase 1). BET and NAC reinforce performance (endurance, jump, speed, strength). Conclusions: Further research is needed to determine the main mechanism and the acute and long-term impacts of antioxidant supplements in soccer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Poulios
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, 382 21 Trikala, Greece; (A.P.); (K.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Konstantinos Papanikolaou
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, 382 21 Trikala, Greece; (A.P.); (K.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Dimitrios Draganidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, 382 21 Trikala, Greece; (A.P.); (K.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Panagiotis Tsimeas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, 382 21 Trikala, Greece; (A.P.); (K.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Athanasios Chatzinikolaou
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 691 00 Komotini, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Tsiokanos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, 382 21 Trikala, Greece; (A.P.); (K.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Athanasios Z. Jamurtas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, 382 21 Trikala, Greece; (A.P.); (K.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Ioannis G. Fatouros
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, 382 21 Trikala, Greece; (A.P.); (K.P.); (D.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Huang H, Liao D, He B, Zhou G, Cui Y. Effects of Citrus Flavanone Hesperidin Extracts or Purified Hesperidin Consumption on Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence From an Updated Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:102055. [PMID: 39279783 PMCID: PMC11399677 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serious public health problem worldwide. The role of citrus flavanone hesperidin consumption on cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRFs) has been examined in many clinical trials, but conflicting results have been found. Objectives This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of hesperidin extracts or purified hesperidin on CVDRFs in humans with an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Methods According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines, we systematically screened and searched electronic databases from their establishment to March 2023. Reference lists and previous reviews were also searched. Intervention trials assessing hesperidin consumption on CVD outcomes were included for pooling. To assess the quality of the included articles, the tool of Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was applied. We synthesized the effect sizes with 95% CIs and weighted mean difference (WMD). The I 2 index was used to evaluate the between-study heterogeneity. To explore the heterogeneity source, we used meta-regression and subgroup analysis. Publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also performed. We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach to evaluate the evidence quality. Results We included 12 trials with 589 participants. We found evident effects of hesperidin on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD: -0.22 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.33, -0.11 mmol/L), total cholesterol (WMD: -0.20 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.31, -0.08 mmol/L), fasting blood glucose (WMD: -0.15 mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.29, -0.02 mg/dL), quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (WMD 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.10), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (WMD: -13.60 ng/mL; 95% CI: -23.72, -3.48 ng/mL), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (WMD: -15.60 ng/mL; 95% CI: -30.13, -1.06 ng/mL), and C-reactive protein (WMD: -0.56 mg/L; 95% CI: -1.11, -0.01 mg/L), whereas no effects were found for other CVDRFs. Conclusions Our current findings demonstrate that hesperidin might be advantageous in improving numerous CVDRFs in humans, such as blood lipid concentrations, blood glucose control, and management of inflammatory indicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haohai Huang
- Clinical Translational Medical Center, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Liao
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin He
- Clinical Translational Medical Center, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanghui Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yejia Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Jalili F, Moradi S, Talebi S, Mehrabani S, Ghoreishy SM, Wong A, Jalalvand AR, Kermani MAH, Jalili C, Jalili F. The effects of citrus flavonoids supplementation on endothelial function: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2847-2859. [PMID: 38561995 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The present systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize existing data from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) concerning the impact of citrus flavonoids supplementation (CFS) on endothelial function. Relevant RCTs were identified through comprehensive searches of the PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus databases up to May 30, 2023. Weighted mean differences and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled utilizing a random-effects model. A total of eight eligible RCTs, comprising 596 participants, were included in the analysis. The pooled data demonstrated a statistically significant augmentation in flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) (2.75%; 95% CI: 1.29, 4.20; I2 = 87.3%; p < 0.001) associated with CFS compared to the placebo group. Furthermore, the linear dose-response analysis indicated that each increment of 200 mg/d in CFS led to an increase of 1.09% in FMD (95% CI: 0.70, 1.48; I2 = 94.5%; p < 0.001). The findings from the nonlinear dose-response analysis also revealed a linear relationship between CFS and FMD (Pnon-linearity = 0.903, Pdose-response <0.001). Our findings suggest that CFS enhances endothelial function. However, more extensive RTCs encompassing longer intervention durations and different populations are warranted to establish more precise conclusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Jalili
- University of Adelaide Faculty of Medicine, Adelide, Australia
| | - Sajjad Moradi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Sepide Talebi
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Mehrabani
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, School of Health Sciences, Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | - Ali R Jalalvand
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Hojjati Kermani
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cyrus Jalili
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Faramarz Jalili
- School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Coutinho CP, Fraga LN, Rozenbaum AC, Carnauba RA, Vanzele PAR, Sparvoli LG, Taddei CR, Lajolo FM, Hassimotto NMA. Chronic consumption of orange juice modifies urinary excretion of flavanone gut-derived metabolites through gut microbiota modulation. Food Res Int 2024; 186:114328. [PMID: 38729714 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The metabolism and absorption of citrus flavanones are intrinsically linked to the gut microbiota, creating a bidirectional relationship where these compounds influence the microbiome, and in turn, the microbiota affects their metabolism. This study evaluates the effect of acute and chronic consumption of orange juice (OJ) on the urinary excretion of gut-derived flavanone metabolites and the gut microbiota. Health volunteers ingested 500 mL of OJ for 60 days in a single-arm human intervention study. Blood and feces were collected at baseline and after 60 days, with an additional 24-hour urine collection after a single dose on day 1 and day 63. LC-MS/MS analyzed urinary flavanone metabolites, while 16S rRNA sequencing characterized gut microbiota. Total urinary hesperetin conjugates excretion significantly decreased over 60 days, while gut-derived total phenolic acids, particularly three hydroxybenzoic acids, increased. Moreover, the heterogeneity of the total amount of flavanone conjugates, initially categorizing individuals into high-, medium- and low- urinary excretor profiles, shifted towards medium-excretor, except for five individuals who remained as low-excretors. This alteration was accompanied by a decrease in intestinal β-glucosidase activity and a shift in the relative abundance of specific genera, such as decreases in Blautia, Eubacterium hallii, Anaerostipes, and Fusicatenibacter, among which, Blautia was associated with higher urinary flavanone conjugates excretion. Conversely, an increase in Prevotella was observed. In summary, chronic OJ consumption induced transient changes in gut microbiota and altered the metabolism of citrus flavanones, leading to distinct urinary excretion profiles of flavanone metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Perella Coutinho
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Layanne Nascimento Fraga
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Campos Rozenbaum
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Alves Carnauba
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Augusto Ramos Vanzele
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000. Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Sparvoli
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000. Brazil
| | - Carla R Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000. Brazil; School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Franco Maria Lajolo
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neuza Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto
- Food Research Center (FoRC) and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Rossi I, Mignogna C, Del Rio D, Mena P. Health effects of 100% fruit and vegetable juices: evidence from human subject intervention studies. Nutr Res Rev 2024; 37:194-238. [PMID: 37655747 DOI: 10.1017/s095442242300015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The health effects of 100% fruit and vegetable juices (FVJ) represent a controversial topic. FVJ contain notable amounts of free sugars, but also vitamins, minerals, and secondary compounds with proven biological activities like (poly)phenols and carotenoids. The review aimed to shed light on the potential impact of 100% FVJ on human subject health, comprehensively assessing the role each type of juice may have in specific health outcomes for a particular target population, as reported in dietary interventions. The effects of a wide range of FVJ (orange, grapefruit, mandarin, lemon, apple, white, red, and Concord grapes, pomegranate, cranberry, chokeberry, blueberry, other minor berries, sweet and tart cherry, plum, tomato, carrot, beetroot, and watermelon, among others) were evaluated on a series of outcomes (anthropometric parameters, body composition, blood pressure and vascular function, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, cognitive function, exercise performance, gut microbiota composition and bacterial infections), providing a thorough picture of the contribution of each FVJ to a health outcome. Some juices demonstrated their ability to exert potential preventive effects on some outcomes while others on other health outcomes, emphasising how the differential composition in bioactive compounds defines juice effects. Research gaps and future prospects were discussed. Although 100% FVJ appear to have beneficial effects on some cardiometabolic health outcomes, cognition and exercise performance, or neutral effects on anthropometric parameters and body composition, further efforts are needed to better understand the impact of 100% FVJ on human subject health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rossi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiana Mignogna
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Ji Z, Deng W, Chen D, Liu Z, Shen Y, Dai J, Zhou H, Zhang M, Xu H, Dai B. Recent understanding of the mechanisms of the biological activities of hesperidin and hesperetin and their therapeutic effects on diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26862. [PMID: 38486739 PMCID: PMC10937595 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural phytochemicals that have therapeutic effects and act in the prevention of several pathologies. These phytochemicals can be found in lemon, sweet orange, bitter orange, clementine. Hesperidin and hesperetin are citrus flavonoids from the flavanones subclass that have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor and antibacterial potential. Preclinical studies and clinical trials demonstrated therapeutical effects of hesperidin and its aglycone hesperetin in various diseases, such as bone diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, urinary tract diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biological activities of hesperidin and hesperetin, their therapeutic potential in various diseases and their associated molecular mechanisms. This article also discusses future considerations for the clinical applications of hesperidin and hesperetin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dong Chen
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Yucheng Shen
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Jiuming Dai
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Hucheng Xu
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Bin Dai
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Fysekidis M, Cosson E, Sabouret P, Takbou K, Sutton A, Charnaux N, Banu I, Testa A, Biondi-Zoccai G, Vicaut E, Valensi P. Insulin analogs as an add-on to metformin after failure to oral treatment in type 2 diabetic patients increase diastole duration. The INSUlin Regimens and VASCular Functions (INSUVASC) study. Minerva Cardiol Angiol 2023; 71:659-672. [PMID: 37405711 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5683.23.06139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fast acting insulin analogues are known to improve arterial stiffness. The combination of metformin with insulin represents a widely used therapeutic strategy in diabetes. We hypothesized that insulin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with long-acting, fast-acting or basal bolus insulin as an add-on to metformin would provide additional improvement of arterial stiffness. METHODS The INSUlin Regimens and VASCular Functions (INSUVASC) study is a pilot, randomized, open label three-arms study that included 42 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in primary prevention, after a failure to oral antidiabetic agents. Arterial stiffness measurements were performed at fasting and after a standardized breakfast. During the first visit (V1) pre-randomization, participants took only metformin to perform the tests. The same tests were repeated after 4 weeks of insulin treatment during the second visit (V2). RESULTS Data were available for final analysis in 40 patients, with a mean age of 53.6±9.7 years and a mean duration of diabetes of 10.6±5.6 years. Twenty-one were females (52.5%), hypertension and dyslipidemia were present in 18 (45%) and 17 patients (42.5%), respectively. After insulin treatment, the metabolic control was associated to a decrease in oxidative stress and improvement of endothelial functions, with a post prandial diastole duration increased and a decrease of the peripheral arterial stiffness, with a better post prandial pulse pressure ratio and ejection duration after insulin. In hypertensive patients, insulin treatment provided positive effects by decreasing the pulse wave velocity and improving reflection time. CONCLUSIONS A short time treatment by insulin in addition to metformin improved myocardial perfusion. Moreover, insulin treatment in hypertensive patients provides a better hemodynamic profile in large arteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marinos Fysekidis
- Department of Endocrinology, Jean Verdier Hospital, Assistence Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France -
- Department of Diabetology-Nutrition, Research Center for Human Nutrition of Ile-de-France, Integrated Obesity Center of North Ile-de-France (CINFO), Bondy, France -
- Center of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (UMR U1153), National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm), Université Paris13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France -
| | - Emmanuel Cosson
- Department of Endocrinology, Jean Verdier Hospital, Assistence Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Diabetology-Nutrition, Research Center for Human Nutrition of Ile-de-France, Integrated Obesity Center of North Ile-de-France (CINFO), Bondy, France
- Center of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (UMR U1153), National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm), Université Paris13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France
| | - Pierre Sabouret
- Heart Institute, Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- National College of French Cardiologists, Paris, France
| | - Karim Takbou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jean Verdier Hospital, Assistence Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Angela Sutton
- Biochemistry Department, Jean Verdier Hospital, Assistence Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Nathalie Charnaux
- Biochemistry Department, Jean Verdier Hospital, Assistence Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Isabela Banu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jean Verdier Hospital, Assistence Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alberto Testa
- Sapienza School for Advanced Studies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Eric Vicaut
- Clinical Research Unit, Lariboisière-St Louis, Fernand Widal Hospitals, Assistence Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Paul Valensi
- Department of Endocrinology, Jean Verdier Hospital, Assistence Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Morshedzadeh N, Ramezani Ahmadi A, Behrouz V, Mir E. A narrative review on the role of hesperidin on metabolic parameters, liver enzymes, and inflammatory markers in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:7523-7533. [PMID: 38107097 PMCID: PMC10724641 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance, oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia, and inflammation play main roles in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Some studies have reported that hesperidin can reduce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia by inhibiting inflammatory pathways. In the current study, our purpose was to evaluate whether it can influence the primary parameters in NAFLD and improve the treatment effectiveness for future trials. Various studies have found that hesperidin involves multiple signaling pathways such as cell proliferation, lipid and glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which can potentially affect NAFLD development and prognosis. Recent findings indicate that hesperidin also regulates key enzymes and may affect the severity of liver fibrosis. Hesperidin inhibits reactive oxygen species production that potentially interferes with the activation of transcription factors like nuclear factor-κB. Appropriate adherence to hesperidin may be a promising approach to modulate inflammatory pathways, metabolic indices, hepatic steatosis, and liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nava Morshedzadeh
- Student Research CommitteeKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public HealthKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | | | - Vahideh Behrouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public HealthKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Elias Mir
- Student Research CommitteeKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| |
Collapse
|
|
10
|
Buzdağlı Y, Eyipınar CD, Kacı FN, Tekin A. Effects of hesperidin on anti-inflammatory and antioxidant response in healthy people: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:1390-1405. [PMID: 35762134 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2093841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hesperidin is a prominent flavanone found in citrus fruits that has a broad range of biological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities. The study's objective was to evaluate the effects of hesperidin supplementation on anti-inflammatory and antioxidant parameters such as MDA, TAC, GSH, SOD, and CAT; CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-4 levels respectively, by analyzing human intervention trials. Google Scholar, PubMed, grey literature databases, and the ClinicalTrials website were scanned to identify eligible studies. For the meta-analysis, eighteen studies were chosen. Hesperidin supplementation had significant lowering effect on not only CRP, IL-6, and IL-4 levels but also MDA level (Meta-regression analysis revealed a non-significant direct relationship between hesperidin dosage and chance in CRP, IL-6, and MDA levels. As a result, it can be said that hesperidin supplementation contributes to the inflammatory and antioxidant response, but this contribution is independent of dosage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Buzdağlı
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cemre Didem Eyipınar
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Fatma Necmiye Kacı
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, St. James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Aslıhan Tekin
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Carvalho F, Lahlou RA, Pires P, Salgado M, Silva LR. Natural Functional Beverages as an Approach to Manage Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16977. [PMID: 38069300 PMCID: PMC10707707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease, commonly associated with unhealthy habits and obesity, and it is becoming a serious health issue worldwide. As a result, new approaches to treat diabetes are required, and a movement towards more natural approaches is emerging. Consuming fruit and vegetables is advised to prevent diabetes since they contain several bioactive compounds. A simple and effective strategy to include them in the diets of diabetic and obese people is through beverages. This review aims to report the anti-diabetic potentials of different vegetable and fruit beverages. These functional beverages demonstrated in vitro potential to inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes and to improve glucose uptake. In vivo, beverage consumption showed a reduction of blood glucose, increase of insulin tolerance, improvement of lipid profile, control of obesity, and reduction of oxidative stress. This suggests the potential of vegetable- and fruit-based functional beverages to be used as a natural innovative therapy for the management of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Carvalho
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.); (P.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Radhia Aitfella Lahlou
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.); (P.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Paula Pires
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.); (P.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Manuel Salgado
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.); (P.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Luís R. Silva
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (F.C.); (R.A.L.); (P.P.); (M.S.)
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- CIEPQPF—Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II—Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Habibi F, García-Pastor ME, Puente-Moreno J, Garrido-Auñón F, Serrano M, Valero D. Anthocyanin in blood oranges: a review on postharvest approaches for its enhancement and preservation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12089-12101. [PMID: 35822279 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanin concentration is considered an important fruit quality index of blood oranges and has gained popularity among consumers due to its antioxidant capacity, therapeutic properties, and prevention of some human diseases. Anthocyanin biosynthesis occurs in the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum by multi-enzymes complexes through the flavonoid pathway. Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and β-glucosidase (anthocyanase) are the enzymes responsible for anthocyanin degradation. Blood oranges are cold-dependent for anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation, and thus, the low temperature of storage can enhance anthocyanin concentration and improve internal fruit quality. In addition, anthocyanin accumulation can be accelerated by postharvest technologies, either physical treatments or chemical elicitors. However, low temperatures can induce chilling injury (CI) incidence in blood oranges. Postharvest chemical elicitors treatments can enhance anthocyanin accumulation and prevent CI. This review provides the most updated information about postharvest tools modulating the anthocyanin content, and the role of enhancing and preserving pigmentation to produce blood orange with the highest quality standards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Habibi
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Jenifer Puente-Moreno
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Fernando Garrido-Auñón
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - María Serrano
- Department of Applied Biology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Daniel Valero
- Department of Food Technology, University Miguel Hernández. Ctra, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Iwasaki Y, Yamada S, Sakuma S, Kanba S, Youda C, Ono M, Ito R, Kamei J, Akiyama H. Optimization of QuEChERS Extraction for Determination of Carotenoids, Polyphenols, and Sterols in Orange Juice Using Design of Experiments and Response Surface Methodology. Foods 2023; 12:3064. [PMID: 37628062 PMCID: PMC10453318 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Several compounds with different physical properties are present in foods, biological components, and environmental samples, and there are cases in which these must be analyzed simultaneously. However, it is difficult to extract compounds with different physical properties from the same sample using a single method. In the present study, we examined the optimal conditions for the QuEChERS extraction of several kinds of compounds from orange juice using design of experiments (DoE) and response surface methodology (RSM) to determine the optimal ratio of organic solvent to sodium chloride. We determined the optimal extraction conditions, which were within the design space, using 100% tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the extraction organic solvent and NaCl:MgSO4 = 75:25 as the salt. The developed LC/MS/MS method using QuEChERS extraction achieved specific detection and precise quantification. Finally, we measured the polyphenols, sterols, and carotenoids in citrus juice using the optimized QuEChERS extraction method before LC/MS/MS analysis. Most of the analytes were quantifiable in orange juice. The optimized method achieved ease of operation, the extraction of analytes from food samples in a short time (within 30 min), minimization of analytical residues, and reliability. The DoE and RSM approach may contribute to better optimization of the extraction conditions for the lowest number of experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Iwasaki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Saki Yamada
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Sakuma
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Shunpei Kanba
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Chinatsu Youda
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Mizuki Ono
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Rie Ito
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Junzo Kamei
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
- Juntendo Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akiyama
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
|
14
|
French CD, Arnold CD, Taha AY, Engle-Stone R, Schmidt RJ, Hertz-Picciotto I, Slupsky CM. Assessing Repeated Urinary Proline Betaine Measures as a Biomarker of Usual Citrus Intake during Pregnancy: Sources of Within-Person Variation and Correlation with Reported Intake. Metabolites 2023; 13:904. [PMID: 37623848 PMCID: PMC10456298 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Proline betaine (Pro-B) has been identified as a biomarker of dietary citrus intake, yet gaps remain in its validation as a quantitative predictor of intake during various physiological states. This study quantified sources of within-individual variation (WIV) in urinary Pro-B concentration during pregnancy and assessed its correlation with the reported usual intake of citrus fruit and juice. Pro-B concentrations were determined by 1H-NMR spectroscopy in spot and 24-h urine specimens (n = 255) collected throughout pregnancy from women participating in the MARBLES cohort study. Adjusted linear or log mixed effects models quantified WIV and tested potential temporal predictors of continuous or elevated Pro-B concentration. Pearson or Spearman correlations assessed the relationship between averaged repeated biomarker measures and usual citrus intake reported by food frequency questionnaires. The proportion of variance in urinary Pro-B attributable to WIV ranged from 0.69 to 0.74 in unadjusted and adjusted models. Citrus season was a significant predictor of Pro-B in most analyses (e.g., adjusted β [95% CI]: 0.52 [0.16, 0.88] for non-normalized Pro-B), while gestational age predicted only non-normalized Pro-B (adjusted β [95% CI]: -0.093 [-0.18, -0.0038]). Moderate correlations (rs of 0.40 to 0.42) were found between reported usual citrus intake and averaged repeated biomarker measurements, which were stronger compared to using a single measurement. Given the high degree of WIV observed in urinary Pro-B, multiple samples per participant are likely needed to assess associations between citrus consumption and health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin D. French
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.D.F.); (C.D.A.); (R.E.-S.)
| | - Charles D. Arnold
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.D.F.); (C.D.A.); (R.E.-S.)
| | - Ameer Y. Taha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Reina Engle-Stone
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.D.F.); (C.D.A.); (R.E.-S.)
| | - Rebecca J. Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.J.S.); (I.H.-P.)
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.J.S.); (I.H.-P.)
| | - Carolyn M. Slupsky
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.D.F.); (C.D.A.); (R.E.-S.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
|
15
|
Alzahrani MA, Binnshwan FM, Alsulaim KB, Mobeirek OA, Albakran NM, Albawardi FA, Almezaini AI, Alqahtani YK, Alghuyaythat WKZ, Abunohaiah I, AlAsmi R, Almannie R. Effect of Blackcurrant Consumption on the Genitourinary System: A Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e44181. [PMID: 37641728 PMCID: PMC10460296 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Both in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that functional plant-based food such as fruits, vegetables, and berries can enhance health, have preventive effects, and reduce the risk of several chronic diseases. This review discusses blackcurrant fruit usage in humans and experimental animals and its effect on the genitourinary system (GUS). This comprehensive review demonstrates that blackcurrants and their bioactive compounds possess medicinal and therapeutic properties related to the GUS. Emphasis in the literature has been placed on the bioavailability of the active blackcurrant components. Nonetheless, future clinical trials are needed to investigate and improve the bioavailability of blackcurrant phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins, and to expand the evidence that active blackcurrant compounds can treat various genitourinary diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meshari A Alzahrani
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, SAU
| | | | - Khaled B Alsulaim
- Medical School, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Osama A Mobeirek
- Medical School, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Nasser M Albakran
- Medical School, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Fahad A Albawardi
- Medical School, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | | | | | - Ibrahim Abunohaiah
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Raed AlAsmi
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, SAU
| | - Raed Almannie
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
|
16
|
Kim YH, Lim CY, Jung JI, Kim TY, Kim EJ. Protective effects of red orange ( Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck [Rutaceae]) extract against UVA-B radiation-induced photoaging in Skh:HR-2 mice. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:641-659. [PMID: 37529272 PMCID: PMC10375325 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.4.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The skin is the outermost organ of the human body and plays a protective role against external environmental damages, such as sunlight and pollution, which affect anti-oxidant defenses and skin inflammation, resulting in erythema or skin reddening, immunosuppression, and epidermal DNA damage. MATERIALS/METHODS The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of red orange complex H extract (ROC) against ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin photoaging in Skh:HR-2 mice. ROC was orally administered at doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks, along with UV irradiation of the mice for 10 weeks. RESULTS ROC improved UV-induced skin barrier parameters, including erythema, melanin production, transepidermal water loss, elasticity, and wrinkle formation. Notably, ROC inhibited the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α) and melanogenesis. In addition, ROC recovered the UV-induced decrease in the hyaluronic acid and collagen levels by enhancing genes expression. Furthermore, ROC significantly downregulated the protein and mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinases responsible for collagen degradation. These protective effects of ROC against photoaging are associated with the suppression of UV-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and activator protein 1 activation. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our findings suggest that the oral administration of ROC exerts potential protective activities against photoaging in UV-irradiated hairless mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Hee Kim
- Technology Development Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Cho Young Lim
- Technology Development Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Jae In Jung
- Industry Coupled Cooperation Center for Bio Healthcare Materials, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Tae Young Kim
- Technology Development Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- Industry Coupled Cooperation Center for Bio Healthcare Materials, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
|
17
|
Micek A, Currenti W, Mignogna C, Rosi A, Barbagallo I, Alshatwi AA, Del Rio D, Mena P, Godos J. Are (poly)phenols contained in 100% fruit juices mediating their effects on cardiometabolic risk factors? A meta-regression analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1175022. [PMID: 37396131 PMCID: PMC10311565 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1175022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The consumption of 100% fruit juices has not been associated with substantial detrimental outcomes in population studies and may even contribute to improving the cardiometabolic profile if included in a healthy balanced diet. The main contributors to such potential beneficial effects include vitamins, minerals, and likely the (poly)phenol content. This study aimed to investigate whether the (poly)phenols contained in 100% fruit juices may mediate their effects on cardiometabolic risk factors based on published randomized controlled trials (RCT). Methods A systematic search in PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase, updated till the end of October 2022, was carried out to identify RCT providing quantitative data on (poly)phenol content in 100% fruit juices and used as an intervention to improve cardiometabolic parameters such as blood lipids, glucose, and blood pressure. Meta-regression analysis was performed to calculate the effect of the intervention [expressed as standardized mean difference and 95% confidence intervals (CI)] using the (poly)phenol content as moderator. Results A total of 39 articles on RCT investigating the effects of 100% fruit juices on cardiometabolic risk factors reporting data on total (poly)phenol and anthocyanin content were included in the analysis. Total (poly)phenol content was substantially unrelated to any outcome investigated. In contrast, each 100 mg per day increase in anthocyanins was related to 1.53 mg/dL decrease in total cholesterol (95% CI, -2.83, -0.22, p = 0.022) and 1.94 mg/dL decrease in LDL cholesterol (95% CI, -3.46, -0.42, p = 0.012). No other potential mediating effects of anthocyanins on blood triglycerides, glucose, systolic and diastolic pressure were found, while a lowering effect on HDL cholesterol after excluding one outlier study was observed. Discussion In conclusion, the present study showed that anthocyanins may mediate the potential beneficial effects of some 100% fruit juices on some blood lipids. Increasing the content of anthocyanins through specific fruit varieties or plant breeding could enhance the health benefits of 100% fruit juices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Micek
- Department of Nursing Management and Epidemiology Nursing, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Walter Currenti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristiana Mignogna
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alice Rosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ignazio Barbagallo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Ali A. Alshatwi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Justyna Godos
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
|
18
|
Martínez-Noguera FJ, Alcaraz PE, Carlos-Vivas J, Marín-Pagán C. 8 weeks of 2 S-hesperidin prevents a decrease in pO 2 at submaximal intensity in amateur cyclists in off-season: randomized controlled trial. Food Funct 2023; 14:2750-2767. [PMID: 36857626 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03007a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although chronic supplementation with 2S-hesperidin has been shown to improve performance, to date, the possible mechanisms underlying this effect have not been explored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess whether changes in gasometry may be associated with improved performance after the intake of 2S-hesperidin (500 mg d-1, 8 weeks). Forty amateur cyclists (n = 20 2S-hesperidin, n = 20 placebo) performed a rectangular test, during which capillary blood samples were taken at the baseline, FatMax1, ventilatory threshold 1 and 2 (VT1 and VT2), power maximum (PMAX), FatMax2 and excess post-exercise O2 consumption (EPOC) to measure gasometry parameters. Significantly increased CO2 and tCO2 was found at FatMax1, VT1, FatMax2 and EPOC (p = <0.05) after 8 weeks of 2S-hesperidin ingestion. Conversely, the placebo group had a significant decrease in pO2 at VT2 (p = 0.04) during the rectangular test, with no changes in the 2S-hesperidin group. Therefore, chronic supplementation with 2S-hesperidin prevents decreases in pO2 at submaximal intensities in amateur cyclists in an off-season period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Martínez-Noguera
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos N° 135, UCAM, 30107, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos N° 135, UCAM, 30107, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education Research Group (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas, s/n., 06006, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Cristian Marín-Pagán
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos N° 135, UCAM, 30107, Murcia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
|
19
|
Kiyimba T, Yiga P, Bamuwamye M, Ogwok P, Van der Schueren B, Matthys C. Efficacy of Dietary Polyphenols from Whole Foods and Purified Food Polyphenol Extracts in Optimizing Cardiometabolic Health: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:270-282. [PMID: 36796437 PMCID: PMC10229382 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The evidence from clinical trials concerning the efficacy of dietary polyphenols on cardiometabolic health is divergent. Therefore, this review aimed to determine the pooled effect of dietary polyphenols on cardiometabolic risk markers and compare the difference in efficacy between whole polyphenol-rich foods and purified food polyphenol extracts. We conducted a random-effect model meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of polyphenols on blood pressure, lipid profile, flow-mediated dilation (FMD), fasting blood glucose (FBG), waist circumference, and markers of inflammation. Effect size was expressed as weighted mean difference and 95% CI. RCTs published in English between 2000 and 2021 involving adult participants with cardiometabolic risks were searched in electronic databases. Forty-six RCTs involving 2494 participants with a mean age of 53.3 ±10 y were included in this review. Whole polyphenol-rich food but not purified food polyphenol extracts significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP, -3.69 mmHg; 95% CI: -4.24, -3.15 mmHg; P = 0.00001) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP, -1.44 mmHg; 95% CI: -2.56, -0.31 mmHg; P = 0.0002). Concerning waist circumference, purified food polyphenol extracts led to a larger effect (-3.04 cm; 95% CI: -7.06, -0.98 cm; P = 0.14). Significant effects on total cholesterol (-9.03 mg/dL; 95% CI: -16.46, -1.06 mg/dL; P = 0.02) and TGs (-13.43 mg/dL; 95% CI: -23.63, -3.23; P = 0.01) were observed when purified food polyphenol extracts were considered separately. None of the intervention materials significantly affected LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, FBG, IL-6, and CRP. When both whole food and extracts were pooled together, there was a significant reduction in SBP, DBP, FMD, TGs, and total cholesterol. These findings suggest that polyphenols both as whole food and purified extracts can be efficacious in reducing cardiometabolic risks. However, these results must be interpreted with caution because of high heterogeneity and risk of bias among RCTs. This study was registered on PROSPERO as CRD42021241807.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tonny Kiyimba
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda; Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Yiga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda; Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael Bamuwamye
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Patrick Ogwok
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bart Van der Schueren
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Matthys
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
|
20
|
Mohajeri M, Cicero AFG. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Association with Serum Levels of Nitric Oxide, Prostacyclin, and Thromboxane B 2 among Prinzmetal Angina Patients and Healthy Persons. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030738. [PMID: 36771443 PMCID: PMC9919954 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet with serum Nitric oxide, Prostacyclin, and Thromboxane B2 among Prinzmetal angina patients and healthy persons. This case-control study was conducted among 100 Prinzmetal angina patients and 100 healthy persons referred to the Ardabil Imam Khomeini hospital between 2021 and 2022. Blood samples were obtained from all study participants for measurement of serum Nitric oxide, Prostacyclin, and Thromboxane B2. To calculate adherence to the Mediterranean diet, the ten-item screener was used. The serum Nitric oxide in patients who adhered more to the Mediterranean diet was higher than patients with less adherence (coeff. = 0.41 p = 0.04). The serum Prostacyclin level in patients with greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet was 0.34 units higher than patients with less adherence (coeff. = 0.34 p = 0.02). The level of serum Thromboxane B2 had a negative association with adherence to the Mediterranean diet (coeff. = -0.48 p = 0.04). The amount of consumption of olive oil, fruits, vegetables, and legumes in healthy people was more than Prinzmetal angina patients. In Prinzmetal angina patients, more adherence to the Mediterranean diet can decrease the serum Thromboxane B2 and increase the serum Nitric oxide and Prostacyclin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Mohajeri
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil 56131-56491, Iran
- Correspondence: or mahsa. (M.M.); (A.F.G.C.); Tel.: +98-9143592794 (M.M.); +39-512142224 (A.F.G.C.)
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Medicine and Surgery Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40123 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: or mahsa. (M.M.); (A.F.G.C.); Tel.: +98-9143592794 (M.M.); +39-512142224 (A.F.G.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
21
|
Rapisarda P, Amenta M, Ballistreri G, Fabroni S, Timpanaro N. Distribution, Antioxidant Capacity, Bioavailability and Biological Properties of Anthocyanin Pigments in Blood Oranges and Other Citrus Species. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248675. [PMID: 36557809 PMCID: PMC9785241 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are natural pigments that give a red, purple, and blue color to many plant, flower, fruit, and vegetable species. Their presence within the genus Citrus was first reported in 1916, and it is well-known that the red color of the flesh and rind of blood (red or pigmented) oranges (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) is due to the presence of anthocyanins. They are also present in the young shoots, flowers, and peel of lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.), citron (Citrus medica L.), and other citrus species. Since then, the scientific community has expressed increasing interest in studying their profile and distribution, with many published studies focused on the quali-quantitative pattern in the different vegetative tissues belonging to the genus Citrus. Moreover, with the discovery of their relevant antioxidant activity, owing to their ability to capture free radicals, much research has been performed in the last two decades on their radical scavenging power, in vitro and in vivo biological properties, and anticarcinogenic capacity, also focusing attention on their bioavailability for humans. The present work is intended as a comprehensive review of the advances in scientific research on anthocyanin pigments naturally occurring within the genus Citrus, including their natural distribution, antioxidant capacity, bioavailability, and biological value and properties. The scientific evidence herein reported can be used to further increase the knowledge of this class of compounds and represents a valuable and comprehensive contribution to promoting anthocyanin-rich citrus fruit consumption as a healthy dietary habit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Rapisarda
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, C.so Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Margherita Amenta
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, C.so Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Gabriele Ballistreri
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, C.so Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Simona Fabroni
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, C.so Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Nicolina Timpanaro
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, C.so Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
|
22
|
Chen J, Liu F, Wu RA, Chen J, Wang W, Ye X, Liu D, Cheng H. An up-to-date review: differential biosynthesis mechanisms and enrichment methods for health-promoting anthocyanins of citrus fruits during processing and storage. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3989-4015. [PMID: 36322523 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2137778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins, naturally found in citrus, play key roles in improving the qualities of citrus fruits and products. Dietary consumption of fruit-derived anthocyanins is concerned increasingly owing to health-promoting properties. However, anthocyanins are vulnerable to many physical and chemical factors during processing and storage, affecting fruit qualities and consumer acceptance. Thus, the aim of this review is to focus on main advances in chemical structures, differential biosynthesis mechanisms, enrichment methods, and bioactivities of anthocyanins in pigmented and unpigmented citrus fruits. In this review, anthocyanin species and concentrations display tissue specificity in citrus, and the chemical structures and contents of main anthocyanins are summarized. For differential biosynthesis mechanisms, the reasons why most citrus fruits lose the ability of anthocyanin biosynthesis compared with pigmented fruits, and the molecular differences of biosynthesis mechanisms in pigmented citrus fruits are both discussed in detail. Furthermore, anthocyanins' enrichment methods (low-temperature stimulus, light irradiation, xenobiotics inductions, and ripeness influence) during processing and storage have been summarized, which achieve quality improvement by promoting structural gene expression, reducing anthocyanin-degrading enzyme activities, or altering DNA methylation status. Meantime, the health benefits of extract from pigmented citrus and their waste are mentioned, which provides a new approach for citrus waste recycling. HIGHLIGHTSChemical structures of individual anthocyanins in citrus are reviewed.Differential anthocyanin biosynthesis in citrus depends on mutations of Ruby genes.Anthocyanins are enriched in response to exogenous stimulus during storage.Health benefits of extract in blood oranges and their waste are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Ricardo Antonio Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianle Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, Ningbo, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, Ningbo, China
| | - Huan Cheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
23
|
Notarbartolo V, Montante C, Ferrante G, Giuffrè M. Antioxidant Effects of Dietary Supplements on Adult COVID-19 Patients: Why Do We Not Also Use Them in Children? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091638. [PMID: 36139712 PMCID: PMC9495518 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are very common in children, especially in the first five years of life, and several viruses, such as the influenza virus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Rhinovirus, are triggers for symptoms that usually affect the upper airways. It has been known that during respiratory viral infections, a condition of oxidative stress (OS) occurs, and many studies have suggested the potential use of antioxidants as complementary components in prophylaxis and/or therapy of respiratory viral infections. Preliminary data have demonstrated that antioxidants may also interfere with the new coronavirus 2’s entry and replication in human cells, and that they have a role in the downregulation of several pathogenetic mechanisms involved in disease severity. Starting from preclinical data, the aim of this narrative review is to evaluate the current evidence about the main antioxidants that are potentially useful for preventing and treating Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in adults and to speculate on their possible use in children by exploring the most relevant issues affecting their use in clinical practice, as well as the associated evidence gaps and research limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Notarbartolo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Claudio Montante
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ferrante
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Mario Giuffrè
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
|
24
|
Imperatrice M, Cuijpers I, Troost FJ, Sthijns MMJPE. Hesperidin Functions as an Ergogenic Aid by Increasing Endothelial Function and Decreasing Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, Thereby Contributing to Improved Exercise Performance. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142955. [PMID: 35889917 PMCID: PMC9316530 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of blood flow to peripheral muscles is crucial for proper skeletal muscle functioning and exercise performance. During exercise, increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation leads to increased electron leakage and consequently induces an increase in ROS formation, contributing to DNA, lipid, and protein damage. Moreover, exercise may increase blood- and intramuscular inflammatory factors leading to a deterioration in endurance performance. The aim of this review is to investigate the potential mechanisms through which the polyphenol hesperidin could lead to enhanced exercise performance, namely improved endothelial function, reduced exercise-induced oxidative stress, and inflammation. We selected in vivo RCTs, animal studies, and in vitro studies in which hesperidin, its aglycone form hesperetin, hesperetin-metabolites, or orange juice are supplemented at any dosage and where the parameters related to endothelial function, oxidative stress, and/or inflammation have been measured. The results collected in this review show that hesperidin improves endothelial function (via increased NO availability), inhibits ROS production, decreases production and plasma levels of pro-inflammatory markers, and improves anaerobic exercise outcomes (e.g., power, speed, energy). For elite and recreational athletes, hesperidin could be used as an ergogenic aid to enhance muscle recovery between training sessions, optimize oxygen and nutrient supplies to the muscles, and improve anaerobic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Imperatrice
- BioActor BV, Gaetano Martinolaan 50, 6229 GS Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (I.C.)
| | - Iris Cuijpers
- Food Innovation and Health, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.J.T.); (M.M.J.P.E.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (I.C.)
| | - Freddy J. Troost
- Food Innovation and Health, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.J.T.); (M.M.J.P.E.S.)
| | - Mireille M. J. P. E. Sthijns
- Food Innovation and Health, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.J.T.); (M.M.J.P.E.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
25
|
Escudero-López B, Cerrillo I, Ortega Á, Martín F, Fernández-Pachón MS. Effect of Acute Intake of Fermented Orange Juice on Fasting and Postprandial Glucose Metabolism, Plasma Lipids and Antioxidant Status in Healthy Human. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091256. [PMID: 35563979 PMCID: PMC9101597 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Higher postprandial plasma glucose and lipemia, and oxidative and inflammatory responses, are considered important cardiovascular risk factors. Fermentation of fruits has generated products with high concentrations of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential acute effects that fermented orange juice (FOJ) can exert in healthy humans by modulating postprandial response, and inflammatory/antioxidant status, compared with orange juice (OJ). Nine volunteers were recruited for a randomized, controlled, and crossover study. Participants ingested 500 mL of FOJ. At 4 h post intake, subjects consumed a standardized mixed meal. Blood samples were collected at 0-8 h hours post intake. The subjects repeated the protocol with OJ following a 2-week washout period. Glucose and lipid metabolism, plasma antioxidant capacity (ORAC, FRAP), endogenous antioxidants (albumin, bilirubin, uric acid), C-reactive protein and fibrinogen were measured in plasma samples. There was a trend of a smaller increase in LDL-C after FOJ intake compared with OJ, a significant decrease in apo-B and significant increase in ORAC. The glycemic and triglyceride response of meal was attenuated with FOJ. No differences were obtained in endogenous antioxidants and inflammation status between the treatments. The acute consumption of FOJ could play a protective role against cardiovascular risk factors.
Collapse
|
|
26
|
Phytocomplex of a Standardized Extract from Red Orange ( Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) against Photoaging. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091447. [PMID: 35563752 PMCID: PMC9103794 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive exposure to solar radiation is associated with several deleterious effects on human skin. These effects vary from the occasional simple sunburn to conditions resulting from chronic exposure such as skin aging and cancers. Secondary metabolites from the plant kingdom, including phenolic compounds, show relevant photoprotective activities. In this study, we evaluated the potential photoprotective activity of a phytocomplex derived from three varieties of red orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck). We used an in vitro model of skin photoaging on two human cell lines, evaluating the protective effects of the phytocomplex in the pathways involved in the response to damage induced by UVA-B. The antioxidant capacity of the extract was determined at the same time as evaluating its influence on the cellular redox state (ROS levels and total thiol groups). In addition, the potential protective action against DNA damage induced by UVA-B and the effects on mRNA and protein expression of collagen, elastin, MMP1, and MMP9 were investigated, including some inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, and total and phospho NFkB) by ELISA. The obtained results highlight the capacity of the extract to protect cells both from oxidative stress—preserving RSH (p < 0.05) content and reducing ROS (p < 0.01) levels—and from UVA-B-induced DNA damage. Furthermore, the phytocomplex is able to counteract harmful effects through the significant downregulation of proinflammatory markers (p < 0.05) and MMPs (p < 0.05) and by promoting the remodeling of the extracellular matrix through collagen and elastin expression. This allows the conclusion that red orange extract, with its strong antioxidant and photoprotective properties, represents a safe and effective option to prevent photoaging caused by UVA-B exposure.
Collapse
|
|
27
|
Cara KC, Beauchesne AR, Wallace TC, Chung M. Effects of 100% Orange Juice on Markers of Inflammation and Oxidation in Healthy and At-Risk Adult Populations: A Scoping Review, Systematic Review, and Meta-analysis. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:116-137. [PMID: 34634114 PMCID: PMC8803484 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One hundred percent orange juice (OJ) has no added sugar, naturally contains flavonoids and ascorbic acid, and can modulate the body's oxidative and inflammatory systems. This scoping review, systematic review, and meta-analysis investigated associations between 100% OJ and markers of inflammation or oxidation in healthy adults and those at risk for chronic diseases. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and scoping review extension. Literature in English was searched to July 2021 in Embase and 4 Ovid platform databases. Clinical and observational studies of any duration were eligible. Cochrane Collaboration tools were used to assess the risk of bias in controlled trials. Strength of evidence was determined using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. The scoping review presents a qualitative synthesis of evidence in summary and results tables. Twenty-one interventional studies (16 controlled trials and 5 before-after studies) conducted in 307 healthy and 327 at-risk participants were included. Six common markers [C-reactive protein (CRP) or high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), IL-6, TNF-α, malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized LDL (oxLDL), and antioxidant capacity] measured across 16 studies were systematically reviewed, and results were synthesized narratively. Random-effects model meta-analyses were conducted on 10 studies reporting hs-CRP, IL-6, and/or MDA. After consuming 100% OJ, healthy and at-risk participants showed significantly lower IL-6 concentrations (pooled net difference: -1.51 pg/mL; 95% CI: -2.31, -0.70) and lower, but nonsignificant, hs-CRP (pooled net change: -0.58 mg/L; 95% CI: -1.22, 0.05) and MDA (crossover trials pooled net difference: -0.06 μmol/L; 95% CI: -0.19, 0.08). Findings suggest that 100% OJ may reduce inflammation, but results should be interpreted with caution due to moderate risk of bias, very low strength of evidence, and the low number of subjects. This study was registered on PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/) as CRD42021235438.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Copeland Cara
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Taylor C Wallace
- Think Healthy Group, Inc., Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Mei Chung
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
28
|
Briskey D, Malfa GA, Rao A. Effectiveness of "Moro" Blood Orange Citrus sinensis Osbeck (Rutaceae) Standardized Extract on Weight Loss in Overweight but Otherwise Healthy Men and Women-A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:427. [PMID: 35276783 PMCID: PMC8838101 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a blood orange Citrus sinensis standardized extract from “Moro” cultivar, on weight loss in overweight but otherwise healthy individuals. Anthocyanins and particularly cyanidin 3-glucoside, found in a large variety of fruits including Sicilian blood oranges, can help to counteract weight gain and to reduce body fat accumulation through the modulation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and metabolic pathways. In this randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study, all participants (overweight adults aged 20−65 years old) were randomized to receive either Moro blood orange standardized extract or a placebo daily for 6-months. The primary outcome measure was change in body mass and body composition at the end of the study. After 6-months, body mass (4.2% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.015), body mass index (p = 0.019), hip (3.4 cm vs. 2.0 cm, p = 0.049) and waist (3.9 cm vs. 1.7 cm, p = 0.017) circumferences, fat mass (p = 0.012) and fat distribution (visceral and subcutaneous fat p = 0.018 and 0.006, respectively) were all significantly better in the extract supplemented group compared to the placebo (p < 0.05). In addition, all safety markers of liver toxicity were within the normal range throughout the study for both analyzed groups. Concluding, the present study demonstrates that Moro blood orange standardized extract may be a safe and effective option for helping with weight loss when used in conjunction with diet and exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Briskey
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
- RDC Clinical, Newstead, Brisbane, QLD 4005, Australia;
| | - Giuseppe Antonio Malfa
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Amanda Rao
- RDC Clinical, Newstead, Brisbane, QLD 4005, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
|
29
|
Guo X, Cao X, Fang X, Guo A, Li E. Inhibitory effects of fermented Ougan ( Citrus reticulata cv. Suavissima) juice on high-fat diet-induced obesity associated with white adipose tissue browning and gut microbiota modulation in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:9300-9314. [PMID: 34606525 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03423a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Ougan juice (OJ) and lactic acid bacteria fermented Ougan juice (FOJ) were investigated individually for their capability of preventing obesity in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6J mice. After being administered with OJ or FOJ for 10 weeks, the body weight gain, hyperlipidemia, and gut microbiota dysbiosis of HFD-fed mice were examined. The results showed that OJ or FOJ supplementation inhibited weight gain, lowered fat accumulation, reduced liver steatosis, improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, increased brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity, and promoted white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. Both OJ and FOJ additions increased the diversity of gut microbiota. OJ reduced the relative abundance of phylum Erysipelatoclostridiaceae and genus Erysipelatoclostridium and remarkably increased SCFA-producing bacteria Blautia, while FOJ reduced the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and enhanced the relative abundance of family Lactobacillaceae. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that Akkermansia, Dubosiella, and Muribaculaceae were significantly negatively correlated with obesity-related indexes. In general, FOJ exhibited a better inhibitory effect on obesity than OJ, and the possible inhibitory mechanism lies in promoting WAT browning and increasing intestinal probiotics. This study provides the guidance for developing fermented Ougan juice as an obesity-inhibiting functional food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuedan Cao
- Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318020, China
| | - Xiugui Fang
- Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318020, China
| | - Ailing Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Erhu Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
30
|
Valls RM, Pedret A, Calderón-Pérez L, Llauradó E, Pla-Pagà L, Companys J, Moragas A, Martín-Luján F, Ortega Y, Giralt M, Rubió L, Canela N, Puiggrós F, Caimari A, Del Bas JM, Arola L, Solà R. Hesperidin in orange juice improves human endothelial function in subjects with elevated blood pressure and stage 1 hypertension: A randomized, controlled trial (Citrus study). J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
|
|
31
|
Rezki A, Cosson E, Fysekidis M, Chiheb S, Vicaut E, Valensi P. Acute and long-term effects of saxagliptin on a set of cardiovascular targets measured at fasting and post-prandially in obese patients with impaired glucose tolerance: A placebo-controlled study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2945-2958. [PMID: 34420816 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies of dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors (DPP4is) report heterogeneous effects on cardiovascular targets in type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate, in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), whether saxagliptin, a DPP4i, had beneficial cardiovascular effects at fasting and during the post-prandial state. METHODS AND RESULTS In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, single-center pilot exploratory study, we included obese individuals with IGT. Twenty-four individuals (BMI 36.8 ± 4.8 kg/m2) were randomized to receive for 12 weeks either saxagliptin 5 mg a day or placebo. They were explored before and after a standardized breakfast for biological markers; microcirculatory blood flow at baseline and after transcutaneous administration of acetylcholine (Periflux System 5000® PERIMED); post-occlusive digital reactive hyperhemia (Endopat2000®); pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, central pulse pressure and subendocardial viability ratio (Sphygmocor®); cardiac hemodynamic parameters and cardiovascular autonomic nervous system activity (Task force monitor®). The results of all the investigations were similar after breakfast in the two groups at Visit 1 (acute post-prandial effects, after the first tablet) and Visit 2 (long-term post-prandial effects), and at fasting at Visit 1 and 2 (long-term effects, after 12 weeks of treatment). Only at Visit 2 the decrease in cardiac vagal activity occurring after breakfast was more sustained in the saxagliptin group than in the placebo group (interaction between treatment and time effect: p = 0.016). CONCLUSION In obese patients with IGT, the effects of saxagliptin on the large set of cardiovascular parameters measured are neutral, except for a more marked post-prandial depression of vagal activity. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01521312.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amel Rezki
- AP-HP, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Paris 13 University, Jean Verdier Hospital, Bondy, France; Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR U557 INSERM/U11125 INRA/CNAM/Université Paris13, Unité de Recherche Epidémiologique Nutritionnelle, Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuel Cosson
- AP-HP, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Paris 13 University, Jean Verdier Hospital, Bondy, France; Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR U557 INSERM/U11125 INRA/CNAM/Université Paris13, Unité de Recherche Epidémiologique Nutritionnelle, Bobigny, France
| | - Marinos Fysekidis
- AP-HP, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Paris 13 University, Jean Verdier Hospital, Bondy, France; Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR U557 INSERM/U11125 INRA/CNAM/Université Paris13, Unité de Recherche Epidémiologique Nutritionnelle, Bobigny, France
| | - Sabrina Chiheb
- AP-HP, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Paris 13 University, Jean Verdier Hospital, Bondy, France
| | - Eric Vicaut
- Université Denis Diderot, AP-HP Unité de Recherche Clinique St-Louis-Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Paul Valensi
- AP-HP, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Paris 13 University, Jean Verdier Hospital, Bondy, France.
| |
Collapse
|
|
32
|
Gour A, Manhas D, Bag S, Gorain B, Nandi U. Flavonoids as potential phytotherapeutics to combat cytokine storm in SARS-CoV-2. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4258-4283. [PMID: 33786876 PMCID: PMC8250405 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, COVID-19, has become the global panic since December 2019, which urges the global healthcare professionals to identify novel therapeutics to counteract this pandemic. So far, there is no approved treatment available to control this public health issue; however, a few antiviral agents and repurposed drugs support the patients under medical supervision by compromising their adverse effects, especially in emergency conditions. Only a few vaccines have been approved to date. In this context, several plant natural products-based research studies are evidenced to play a crucial role in immunomodulation that can prevent the chances of infection as well as combat the cytokine release storm (CRS) generated during COVID-19 infection. In this present review, we have focused on flavonoids, especially epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, hesperidin, naringenin, quercetin, rutin, luteolin, baicalin, diosmin, ge nistein, biochanin A, and silymarin, which can counteract the virus-mediated elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines leading to multiple organ failure. In addition, a comprehensive discussion on available in silico, in vitro, and in vivo findings with critical analysis has also been evaluated, which might pave the way for further development of phytotherapeutics to identify the potential lead candidatetoward effective and safe management of the SARS-CoV-2 disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gour
- PK‐PD, Toxicology and Formulation DivisionCSIR‐Indian Institute of Integrative MedicineJammuIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Diksha Manhas
- PK‐PD, Toxicology and Formulation DivisionCSIR‐Indian Institute of Integrative MedicineJammuIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Swarnendu Bag
- Proteomics DivisionCSIR‐Institute of Genomics and Integrative BiologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Bapi Gorain
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesTaylor's UniversitySubang JayaMalaysia
| | - Utpal Nandi
- PK‐PD, Toxicology and Formulation DivisionCSIR‐Indian Institute of Integrative MedicineJammuIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadUttar PradeshIndia
| |
Collapse
|
|
33
|
D'Elia L, Dinu M, Sofi F, Volpe M, Strazzullo P. 100% Fruit juice intake and cardiovascular risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective and randomised controlled studies. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:2449-2467. [PMID: 33150530 PMCID: PMC8275541 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02426-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between 100% fruit juice (100%FJ) consumption and cardiovascular risk is object of debate: indeed, recently published investigations provided new but discrepant evidence on this important question and International dietary guidelines are not in agreement on recommendations about fruit juice consumption. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of the prospective studies and the randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that explored the relationship between 100%FJ intake, cardiovascular risk profile and risk of cardiovascular events. METHODS We performed a systematic search of publications up to August 2019. Summary relative risks and exploration of linearity of the association were estimated for prospective studies and summary mean differences (MDs) calculated for RCTs. RESULTS A total of 21 prospective studies and 35 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Dose-response analysis detected a significant inverse association between low-moderate 100%FJ consumption and risk of stroke (up to 200 ml/day) or total CV events (up to 170 ml/day) compared with no consumption, with a non-linear relationship (p for non-linearity < 0.05). No significant association was found for coronary heart disease and diabetes risk. In RCTs, a favorable and significant effect of 100%FJ intake was detected on blood pressure (systolic, MD: - 3.14 mmHg; diastolic, MD: - 1.68 mmHg), arterial compliance (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, - 0.38 m/s) and endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation, 2.10%). Neutral effects were found on body weight, blood lipids and glucose metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The results of these analyses indicate that 100%FJ consumption is not associated with higher CV risk. A non-linear inverse dose-response relationship occurs between 100%FJ consumption and CV disease, in particular for risk of stroke, probably mediated by the decrease in blood pressure. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number (CRD42019135577).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanfranco D'Elia
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, ESH Excellence Centre of Hypertension, "Federico II" University of Naples Medical School, Via S. Pansini, 5. 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Monica Dinu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Sofi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Pasquale Strazzullo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, ESH Excellence Centre of Hypertension, "Federico II" University of Naples Medical School, Via S. Pansini, 5. 80131, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
|
34
|
Miles EA, Calder PC. Effects of Citrus Fruit Juices and Their Bioactive Components on Inflammation and Immunity: A Narrative Review. Front Immunol 2021; 12:712608. [PMID: 34249019 PMCID: PMC8264544 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.712608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system provides defence to the host against pathogenic organisms. A weak immune system increases susceptibility to infections and allows infections to become more severe. One component of the immune response is inflammation. Where inflammation is excessive or uncontrolled it can damage host tissues and cause pathology. Limitation of oxidative stress is one means of controlling inflammation. Citrus fruit juices are a particularly good source of vitamin C and folate, which both have roles in sustaining the integrity of immunological barriers and in supporting the function of many types of immune cell including phagocytes, natural killer cells, T-cells and B-cells. Vitamin C is an antioxidant and reduces aspects of the inflammatory response. Important bioactive polyphenols in citrus fruit juices include hesperidin, narirutin and naringin. Hesperidin is a glycoside of hesperetin while narirutin and naringin are glycosides of naringenin. Hesperidin, hesperetin, naringenin, naringin and narirutin have all been found to have anti-inflammatory effects in model systems, and human trials of hesperidin report reductions in inflammatory markers. In humans, orange juice was shown to limit the post-prandial inflammation induced by a high fat-high carbohydrate meal. Consuming orange juice daily for a period of weeks has been reported to reduce markers of inflammation, including C-reactive protein, as confirmed through a recent meta-analysis. A newly emerging topic is whether polyphenols from orange juice have direct anti-viral effects. In summary, micronutrients and other bioactives present in citrus fruit juices have established roles in controlling oxidative stress and inflammation and in supporting innate and acquired immune responses. Trials in humans demonstrate that orange juice reduces inflammation; its effects on innate and acquired immunity require further exploration in well-designed trials in appropriate population sub-groups such as older people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Miles
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Philip C. Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
|
35
|
Pera orange (Citrus sinensis) and Moro orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) juices attenuate left ventricular dysfunction and oxidative stress and improve myocardial energy metabolism in acute doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Nutrition 2021; 91-92:111350. [PMID: 34265580 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Doxorubicin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent for treating several types of cancer; however, it can induce cardiotoxicity. We evaluated the influence of Pera and Moro orange juices on cardiac remodeling induced by acute administration of doxorubicin in rats. METHODS We allocated 120 male Wistar rats into six groups: control (C), Pera orange juice (PO), Moro orange juice (MO), doxorubicin (D), doxorubicin + Pera orange juice (DPO), and doxorubicin + Moro orange juice (DMO). Groups PO and DPO received Pera orange juice, MO and DMO received Moro orange juice, and C and D received water with maltodextrin (100 g/L) for 4 wk. Subsequently, groups D, DPO, and DMO received 20 mg/kg doxorubicin and C, PO, and MO received saline. Echocardiogram and euthanasia were performed 48 h after doxorubicin injection. Juice and animal-serum flavonoid identification and quantification were evaluated by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometry. Oxidative stress and myocardial metabolism were evaluated by spectrophotometry. RESULTS Systolic and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction increased oxidative stress and pathologic changes in myocardial energy metabolism of rats treated with doxorubicin. Intake of both orange juices improved left ventricular function, decreased oxidative stress, and attenuated the myocardial energy metabolism changes. Moro orange juice had a more pronounced effect than Pera orange juice in glutathione peroxidase activity, citrate synthase, and β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity. CONCLUSIONS Pera and Moro orange juices attenuated cardiac remodeling induced by doxorubicin, improved myocardial energy metabolism, and attenuated oxidative stress. However, Moro orange juice was more effective than Pera orange juice in modifying energy metabolism.
Collapse
|
|
36
|
Tadros FJ, Andrade JM. Impact of hesperidin in 100% orange juice on chronic disease biomarkers: A narrative systematic review and gap analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8335-8354. [PMID: 34014143 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1927976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hesperidin in orange juice may affect chronic disease biomarkers. This narrative systematic review aimed to determine appropriate recommendations toward the dose and frequency of hesperidin consumption from 100% orange juice and conduct a gap analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis was conducted to identify articles through September 2020, utilizing four databases: Pub-Med Central, Agricola, Embase, and MEDLINE. Twenty articles met the inclusion criteria. Results showed that overall effect sizes from the studies were considerably weak. Although higher frequencies, doses, and concentration of hesperidin in 100% orange juice had an impact on global cognitive function, cardiac, insulin, inflammatory, antioxidant/phenolic, and oxidative stress outcomes compared to lower frequencies, doses, and concentration of hesperidin. A gap analysis demonstrated there was a variability in dose and frequency of OJ and hesperidin, diet, genetics, and evaluation measures, which made the role of hesperidin in 100% OJ on chronic diseases unclear. This review revealed a trend toward improving chronic disease biomarkers following consumption of hesperidin in 100% orange juice. Steps can be taken in future research to improve the consistency of clinical study designs, methodology and outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farah J Tadros
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jeanette Mary Andrade
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
37
|
Deng Y, Tu Y, Lao S, Wu M, Yin H, Wang L, Liao W. The role and mechanism of citrus flavonoids in cardiovascular diseases prevention and treatment. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7591-7614. [PMID: 33905288 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1915745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been ranked as the leading cause of death in the world, whose global incidence is increasing year by year. Citrus, one of the most popular fruits in the world, is rich in flavonoids. Citrus flavonoids attract special attention due to a variety of biological activities, especially in the prevention and treatment of CVDs. The research progress of citrus flavonoids on CVDs have been constantly updated, but relatively fragmented, which needed to be systematically summarized. Hence, the recent research about citrus flavonoids and CVDs were reviewed, including the types and in vivo processes of citrus flavonoids, epidemiology study and mechanism on prevention and treatment of CVDs by citrus flavonoids. This review would provide a theoretical basis for the citrus flavonoids research and a new idea in the citrus industry development and application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Deng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yali Tu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shenghui Lao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengting Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hantong Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linqing Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenzhen Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
38
|
Wang Y, Gallegos JL, Haskell-Ramsay C, Lodge JK. Effects of chronic consumption of specific fruit (berries, citrus and cherries) on CVD risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:615-639. [PMID: 32535781 PMCID: PMC7900084 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02299-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review aims to compare the magnitude of the effects of chronic consumption of fruits; specifically berries, citrus and cherries on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and psycARTICLES were searched from inception until January 2020. Forty-five chronic (≥ 1 week) randomised controlled trials assessing CVD risk factors including endothelial (dys)function, blood pressure (BP), blood lipids and inflammatory biomarkers were included. RESULTS Investigated interventions reported improvements in endothelial function (n = 8), inflammatory biomarkers and lipid status (n = 14), and BP (n = 10). Berries including juice of barberry, cranberry, grape, pomegranate, powder of blueberry, grape, raspberry and freeze-dried strawberry significantly reduced SBP by 3.68 mmHg (95% CI - 6.79 to - 0.58; P = 0.02) and DBP by 1.52 mmHg (95% CI - 2.87 to - 0.18, P = 0.04). In subgroup analysis, these associations were limited to cranberry juice (SBP by 1.52 mmHg [95% CI - 2.97 to - 0.07; P = 0.05], DBP by 1.78 mmHg [95% CI - 3.43 to - 0.12, P = 0.04] and cherry juice (SBP by 3.11 mmHg [95% CI - 4.06 to - 2.15; P = 0.02]). Berries also significantly elevated sVCAM-1 levels by 14.57 ng/mL (85% CI 4.22 to 24.93; P = 0.02). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that supplementing cranberry or cherry juice might contribute to an improvement in blood pressure. No other significant improvements were observed for other specified fruits. More research is warranted comparing different classes of fruit and exploring the importance of fruit processing on their cardiovascular-protective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Wang
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, EBD223 Ellison Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Jose Lara Gallegos
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, EBD223 Ellison Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Crystal Haskell-Ramsay
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - John K Lodge
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, EBD223 Ellison Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
|
39
|
Benton D, Young HA. Role of fruit juice in achieving the 5-a-day recommendation for fruit and vegetable intake. Nutr Rev 2021; 77:829-843. [PMID: 31504822 PMCID: PMC6786897 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there is strong evidence that consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with a reduced rate of all-cause mortality, only a minority of the population consumes 5 servings a day, and campaigns to increase intake have had limited success. This review examines whether encouraging the consumption of fruit juice might offer a step toward the 5-a-day target. Reasons given for not consuming whole fruit involve practicalities, inconvenience, and the effort required. Psychologically, what is important is not only basic information about health, but how individuals interpret their ability to implement that information. It has been argued that fruit juice avoids the problems that commonly prevent fruit consumption and thus provides a practical means of increasing intake and benefitting health through an approach with which the population can readily engage. Those arguing against consuming fruit juice emphasize that it is a source of sugar lacking fiber, yet juice provides nutrients such as vitamin C, carotenoids, and polyphenols that offer health-related benefits. Actively encouraging the daily consumption of fruit juice in public health policy could help populations achieve the 5-a-day recommendation for fruit and vegetable intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Benton
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Hayley A Young
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Wales, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
|
40
|
Salehi B, Cruz-Martins N, Butnariu M, Sarac I, Bagiu IC, Ezzat SM, Wang J, Koay A, Sheridan H, Adetunji CO, Semwal P, Schoebitz M, Martorell M, Sharifi-Rad J. Hesperetin's health potential: moving from preclinical to clinical evidence and bioavailability issues, to upcoming strategies to overcome current limitations. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4449-4464. [PMID: 33491467 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1875979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are common in the plant kingdom and many of them have shown a wide spectrum of bioactive properties. Hesperetin (Hst), the aglycone form of hesperidin, is a great example, and is the most abundant flavonoid found in Citrus plants. This review aims to provide an overview on the in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies reporting the Hst pharmacological effects and to discuss the bioavailability-related issues. Preclinical studies have shown promising effects on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, carbohydrate dysregulation, bone health, and other pathologies. Clinical studies have supported the Hst promissory effects as cardioprotective and neuroprotective agent. However, further well-designed clinical trials are needed to address the other Hst effects observed in preclinical trials, as well as to a more in-depth understanding of its safety profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioan Sarac
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia-Cristina Bagiu
- Timisoara, Discipline of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Shahira M Ezzat
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Jinfan Wang
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aaron Koay
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen Sheridan
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Edo University Iyamho, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Prabhakar Semwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
- Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mauricio Schoebitz
- Departamento de Suelos y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción UDT, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
|
41
|
Alhabeeb H, Sohouli MH, Lari A, Fatahi S, Shidfar F, Alomar O, Salem H, Al-Badawi IA, Abu-Zaid A. Impact of orange juice consumption on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:3389-3402. [PMID: 33350317 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1865263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the greatest cause of premature death and disability globally. Numerous therapeutic strategies have been developed to improve and prevent the adverse cardiovascular events, including nutritional approaches. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarized the evidence on orange juice consumption on CVD risk factors. Four databases were searched up to September 2020. Ten randomized controlled trials were included in the final analysis. Pooled results demonstrated a significant effect of orange juice on glucose (WMD: -2.92 mg/dl, 95% CI: -5.327, -0.530, p = 0.017), insulin (WMD: -1.229 μU/ml, 95% CI: -2.083, -0.374, p = 0.005), HOMA-IR (WMD: -0.464, 95% CI: -0.747, -0.181, p = 0.001), total cholesterol (WMD: -9.84 mg/dl, 95% CI: -15.43, -4.24, p = 0.001), LDL-C (WMD: -9.14 mg/dl, 95% CI: -15.79, -2.49, p = 0.007), and CRP (WMD: -0.467 mg/l, 95% CI: -0.815, -0.120, p = 0.008) compared to control group. However, the effect of orange juice on body composition factors and other CVD risk factors was not significant compared to control group. These lowering effects of glucose, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, and LDL-C were robust in subgroups with orange juice consumption ≥500 ml/day. This meta-analysis suggests that orange juice may be beneficial in improving several CVD risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Habeeb Alhabeeb
- Clinical Research, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Hassan Sohouli
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of public health branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Lari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of public health branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaye Fatahi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of public health branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of public health branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Osama Alomar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany Salem
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail A Al-Badawi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
|
42
|
Zibaee E, Kamalian S, Tajvar M, Amiri MS, Ramezani M, Moghadam AT, Emami SA, Sahebkar A. Citrus species: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:44-97. [PMID: 31775593 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191127115601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Citrus species from family Rutaceae has worldwide applications such as cardiovascular and gastrointestinal problems. Phytochemical investigations have shown that these plants have constituents including flavonoids, limonoids and carotenoids. There are many reports on a wide range of activities such as antiinflammatory, anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory, metabolic, cardiovascular and neuroprotective effects. In the current review, we discuss information regarding botany, phytochemistry, ethnobotany uses, traditional knowledge and pharmacological aspects of the Citrus species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Zibaee
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Safa Kamalian
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Tajvar
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mahin Ramezani
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali T Moghadam
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed A Emami
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
|
43
|
Li L, Lyall GK, Martinez-Blazquez JA, Vallejo F, A Tomas-Barberan F, Birch KM, Boesch C. Blood Orange Juice Consumption Increases Flow-Mediated Dilation in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2020; 150:2287-2294. [PMID: 32510144 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have indicated an inverse association between citrus fruit consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. There is, however, a paucity of data concerning effects of blood orange juice (BOJ) intake on endothelial function and cardiovascular risk biomarkers. OBJECTIVES We examined short-term effects of BOJ on endothelial function, blood pressure, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers in healthy participants of European origin who were overweight or obese. METHODS In a randomized, controlled, single-blind, crossover trial, 15 men and women (age: 28.7 ± 6.5 y; BMI: 28.3 ± 3.1 kg/m2) consumed BOJ or a sugar-matched control drink (CD) (200 mL twice daily) for 2 wk with a washout period of 1 wk. Endothelial function, measured as flow-mediated dilation (FMD) (primary outcome), and the secondary outcomes blood pressure, anthropometric measures, lipid profile, inflammatory markers, markers of vasodilation and vasoconstriction, and urinary flavanone metabolites were evaluated prior to and at the end of each treatment period following an overnight fast. Changes between treatments over time were assessed using repeated-measures ANOVA. RESULTS The results demonstrate a significant increase in FMD following BOJ consumption (pre: 8.15% ± 2.92%; post: 10.2% ± 3.31%; P = 0.002) compared with CD (pre: 8.11% ± 2.52%; post: 7.77% ± 2.43%; time × treatment interaction: P = 0.001). Concurrent significant increases in urinary hesperetin-3'-glucuronide and hesperetin-7-glucuronide were observed following BOJ supplementation only (time × treatment interaction: P ≤ 0.01). Baseline blood pressure, lipid profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and endothelin-1 were generally within healthy ranges and unaffected by the intervention. CONCLUSIONS A 2-wk consumption of BOJ exerted favorable effects on endothelial function in healthy women and men who were overweight or obese, which is likely mediated by the combined actions of anthocyanin and flavanone metabolites on mechanisms that contribute to enhancing NO bioavailability. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03611114.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma K Lyall
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - J Alberto Martinez-Blazquez
- Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Centre for Soil Science and Applied Biology-Spanish Council for Scientific Resarch (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Vallejo
- Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Centre for Soil Science and Applied Biology-Spanish Council for Scientific Resarch (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco A Tomas-Barberan
- Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Centre for Soil Science and Applied Biology-Spanish Council for Scientific Resarch (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Karen M Birch
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Boesch
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
|
44
|
Bellavite P, Donzelli A. Hesperidin and SARS-CoV-2: New Light on the Healthy Function of Citrus Fruits. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E742. [PMID: 32823497 PMCID: PMC7465267 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the many approaches to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention, the possible role of nutrition has so far been rather underestimated. Foods are very rich in substances, with a potential beneficial effect on health, and some of these could have an antiviral action or be important in modulating the immune system and in defending cells from the oxidative stress associated with infection. This short review draws the attention on some components of citrus fruits, and especially of the orange (Citrus sinensis), well known for its vitamin and flavonoid content. Among the flavonoids, hesperidin has recently attracted the attention of researchers, because it binds to the key proteins of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several computational methods, independently applied by different researchers, showed that hesperidin has a low binding energy, both with the coronavirus "spike" protein, and with the main protease that transforms the early proteins of the virus (pp1a and ppa1b) into the complex responsible for viral replication. The binding energy of hesperidin to these important components is lower than that of lopinavir, ritonavir, and indinavir, suggesting that it could perform an effective antiviral action. Furthermore, both hesperidin and ascorbic acid counteract the cell damaging effects of the oxygen free radicals triggered by virus infection and inflammation. There is discussion about the preventive efficacy of vitamin C, at the dose achievable by the diet, but recent reviews suggest that this substance can be useful in the case of strong immune system burden caused by viral disease. Computational methods and laboratory studies support the need to undertake apposite preclinical, epidemiological, and experimental studies on the potential benefits of citrus fruit components for the prevention of infectious diseases, including COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bellavite
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona Medical School, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Alberto Donzelli
- Medical Doctor, Scientific Committee of Fondazione Allineare Sanità e Salute, 20122 Milano, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
|
45
|
Pla-Pagà L, Companys J, Calderón-Pérez L, Llauradó E, Solà R, Valls RM, Pedret A. Effects of hesperidin consumption on cardiovascular risk biomarkers: a systematic review of animal studies and human randomized clinical trials. Nutr Rev 2019; 77:845-864. [PMID: 31271436 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The cardioprotective effects of the flavonoid hesperidin, which is present in citrus products, are controversial and unclear. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2015 guidelines. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the current evidence from animal and human clinical studies and thus determine whether the consumption of hesperidin exerts beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors. DATA SOURCES PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Study Design) criteria defined the research question. Searches of the PubMed and Cochrane Plus databases were conducted and studies that met the inclusion criteria and were published in English in the last 15 years were included. DATA EXTRACTION The first author, year of publication, study design, characteristics of animals and humans, intervention groups, dose of hesperidin, route of administration, duration of the intervention, cardiovascular risk biomarkers assessed, and results observed were extracted from the included articles. RESULTS A total of 12 animal studies and 11 randomized clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. In the animal studies, the glucose, total and LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels decreased with chronic flavonoid consumption. In the human studies, endothelial function improved with flavonoid consumption, whereas no conclusive results were observed for the other biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Animal studies have revealed that hesperidin and hesperetin consumption reduces glucose levels and various lipid profile parameters. However, a definitive conclusion cannot be drawn from the existing human clinical trials. Further research is needed to confirm whether the findings observed in animal models can also be observed in humans. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Prospero registration number CRD42018088942.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Pla-Pagà
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Reus, Spain
| | - J Companys
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
| | - L Calderón-Pérez
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
| | - E Llauradó
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
| | - R Solà
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Reus, Spain
| | - R M Valls
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
| | - A Pedret
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Reus, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
|
46
|
Effects of a Flavonoid-Rich Extract from Citrus sinensis Juice on a Diet-Induced Obese Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205116. [PMID: 31619003 PMCID: PMC6834169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a pathological condition that has reached epidemic proportions; hence, it is necessary to find novel strategies aimed at fighting this disease. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of a flavonoid-rich extract of orange (Citrus sinensis) juice (OJe) in diet-induced obese zebrafish. Methods: Adult zebrafish were divided into four diet groups: (i) normally fed (NF); (ii) overfed (OF); (iii) NF supplemented with OJe (5 mL/L in fish water; NF + OJe); and (iv) OF supplemented with OJe (OF + OJe). Each week, body weight (BW) and body mass index (BMI) were measured, and, at the end of the fifth week, euthanized zebrafish were processed for both microscopic evaluations and qPCR analyses. Results: In OF zebrafish, OJe significantly decreased both BW and BMI values and lowered the visceral adipose tissue, while it had little effect in the NF group. Moreover, it significantly reduced adipocyte cell size in both NF and OF groups in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues, as well as their number in OF fish. Finally, OJe modulated some obesity-related genes, such as leptin A, ghrelin, orexin, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), and neuropeptide Y (NPY), in both gut and brain. Conclusion: This study adds new insights into the anti-obesity properties of orange juice and its flavonoids, suggesting their role as weight management agents through a lipolytic action linked to a restoration of metabolism-regulating gene expression.
Collapse
|
|
47
|
Orange juice associated with a balanced diet mitigated risk factors of metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION & INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2019.100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
|
|
48
|
Lorzadeh E, Ramezani-Jolfaie N, Mohammadi M, Khoshbakht Y, Salehi-Abargouei A. The effect of hesperidin supplementation on inflammatory markers in human adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 307:8-15. [PMID: 30991044 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hesperidin (a flavanone found in citrus fruits) supplementation is suggested to inversely affect inflammation; however, clinical trials have led to inconsistent results. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of hesperidin supplementation on inflammatory markers using systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). PATIENT AND METHODS Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched up to December 2018. A random-effects model was used to compare the mean changes in the inflammatory markers between hesperidin supplemented and control subjects. RESULTS Six eligible RCTs with 296 participants were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis revealed that hesperidin significantly reduces Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM-1) levels [weighted mean difference (WMD) = -22.81 ng/L, P = 0.041, n = 3]. No considerable changes was observed for serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (WMD = -0.69 mg/L, P = 0.079, n = 5); the subgroup analysis showed a significant reduction in studies with a parallel design (WMD = -0.72 mg/L, P = 0.024, n = 3), and studies with more than 4 weeks of follow-up (WMD = -0.76 mg/L, P = 0.020, n = 2). Hesperidin supplementation had no signification effect on circulating E-selectin, interleukin 6, and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) levels. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that although hesperidin supplementation significantly improves VCAM-1 levels; however, other inflammatory markers might not be affected. Further high-quality systematic reviews exploring the effect of hesperidin particularly on VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, and interleukin 6 are still needed to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Lorzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nahid Ramezani-Jolfaie
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohammadi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Yadollah Khoshbakht
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
|
49
|
4-Week consumption of anthocyanin-rich blood orange juice does not affect LDL-cholesterol or other biomarkers of CVD risk and glycaemia compared with standard orange juice: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2019; 119:415-421. [PMID: 29498348 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517003865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Elevated circulating cholesterol levels are a risk factor for CVD which is also associated with sub-optimal vascular function. There is emerging evidence that anthocyanins can cause beneficial cardio-protective effects by favourably modulating lipoprotein profiles. We compared the effects of blood orange juice which is rich in anthocyanins and blonde orange juice without anthocyanins on LDL-cholesterol and other biomarkers of CVD risk, vascular function and glycaemia. In all, forty-one participants (aged 25-84 years) with a waist circumference >94 cm (men) and >80 cm (women) completed a randomised, open label, two-arm cross-over trial. For 28 d participants ingested (i) 500 ml blood orange juice providing 50 mg anthocyanins/d and (ii) 500 ml blonde orange juice without anthocyanins. There was a minimum 3-week washout period between treatments. LDL-cholesterol and other biomarkers associated with CVD risk and glycaemia were assessed at the start and end of each treatment period. No significant differences were observed in total, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, TAG, glucose, fructosamine, nitric oxide, C-reactive protein, aortic systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure or carotid-femoral and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity after 28 d ingestion of blood orange juice compared with standard orange juice. The lack of effect on LDL-cholesterol may be due to the modest concentration of anthocyanins in the blood orange juice.
Collapse
|
|
50
|
Mohammadi M, Ramezani-Jolfaie N, Lorzadeh E, Khoshbakht Y, Salehi-Abargouei A. Hesperidin, a major flavonoid in orange juice, might not affect lipid profile and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Phytother Res 2019; 33:534-545. [PMID: 30632207 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have led to conflicting results regarding the effect of hesperidin supplementation on cardiometabolic markers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of hesperidin supplementation on lipid profile and blood pressure through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, as well as the reference lists of the identified relevant RCTs, were searched up to May 2018. Effect sizes were pooled by using the random effects model. Ten RCTs (577 participants) were eligible to be included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis revealed that hesperidin supplementation had no effect on serum total cholesterol (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -1.04 mg/dl; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -5.65, 3.57), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD = -1.96 mg/dl; 95% CI [-7.56, 3.64]), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD = 0.16 mg/dl; 95% CI [-1.94, 2.28]), and triglyceride (WMD = 0.69 mg/dl; 95% CI [-5.91, 7.30]), with no significant between-study heterogeneity. Hesperidin supplement also had no effect on systolic (WMD = -0.85 mmHg; 95% CI [-3.07, 1.36]) and diastolic blood pressure (WMD = -0.48 mmHg; 95% CI [-2.39, 1.42]). Hesperidin supplementation might not improve lipid profile and blood pressure. Future well-designed trials are still needed to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohammadi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nahid Ramezani-Jolfaie
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Elnaz Lorzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Yadollah Khoshbakht
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| |
Collapse
|