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Duguay G, Garon-Bissonnette J, Lemieux R, Dubois-Comtois K, Berthelot N. Childhood trauma and maternal perinatal depression during COVID-19: A stress sensitization hypothesis. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2025; 164:107443. [PMID: 40194345 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2025] [Accepted: 03/28/2025] [Indexed: 04/09/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal depressive symptoms (PDS) are a risk factor for maternal well-being during and following pregnancy as well as for infant development. COVID studies documented a definite increase in PDS during this period of heightened stress, but also highlighted that all women were not equally at risk of perinatal depression. This calls for the identification of factors that could contribute to sensitizing certain individuals to populational stressors such as the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE Based on the stress sensitization model, this study aimed to evaluate the associations between childhood trauma (CT) and depressive symptoms in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic at four timepoints (two prenatal and two postnatal). METHODS A sample of Canadian mothers (N = 117, Mage = 29.77 years, SD = 3.18, 63.2 % primiparous, 98.3 % White, 23.1 % with history of CT) completed self-reported measures of CT (CTQ) and depressive symptoms (EPDS) during the first or second (T1) and the third trimester of pregnancy (T2), as well as at 2 months (T3) and 6 months (T4) postpartum. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses were performed using MPlus. RESULTS Maternal severity of CT was directly associated with pre- and postnatal depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. CT was also indirectly associated with postnatal depressive symptoms via prenatal depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS CT had an enduring association with postnatal depressive symptomatology in part due to its role in prenatal depression during the first COVID-19 outbreak. The implications of the results for perinatal care will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Duguay
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre d'études interdisciplinaires sur le développement de l'enfant et la famille, Québec, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'intervention auprès des enfants vulnérables et négligés, Québec, Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Québec, Canada; Interdisciplinary Research Center on Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse, Québec, Canada
| | - Julia Garon-Bissonnette
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre d'études interdisciplinaires sur le développement de l'enfant et la famille, Québec, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'intervention auprès des enfants vulnérables et négligés, Québec, Canada; Peabody College of Education and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Roxanne Lemieux
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre d'études interdisciplinaires sur le développement de l'enfant et la famille, Québec, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'intervention auprès des enfants vulnérables et négligés, Québec, Canada
| | - Karine Dubois-Comtois
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre d'études interdisciplinaires sur le développement de l'enfant et la famille, Québec, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'intervention auprès des enfants vulnérables et négligés, Québec, Canada; Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Berthelot
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre d'études interdisciplinaires sur le développement de l'enfant et la famille, Québec, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'intervention auprès des enfants vulnérables et négligés, Québec, Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Québec, Canada; Interdisciplinary Research Center on Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse, Québec, Canada.
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Shiffman N, Gluska H, Margalit S, Mayer Y, Daher R, Elyasyan L, Elia N, Sharon Weiner M, Miremberg H, Kovo M, Biron-Shental T, Gabbay-Benziv R, Helpman L. Unfolding of maternal-infant bonding amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: Social support as a risk and protective factor. Dev Psychopathol 2025; 37:1018-1026. [PMID: 38654408 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social, familial, and physiological stressors may put maternal-infant bonding at risk. Therefore, it is plausible that the stressful conditions brought on by COVID-19 could influence maternal-infant bonding. This study aimed to elucidate the contribution of COVID-19-related experience to variance in maternal-infant bonding, beyond that of established risk factors and as moderated by social support. METHODS This longitudinal, multicenter study examined the relationship of demographic and obstetric variables, social support, postpartum depression, as well as COVID-19-related fear, exposure, and subjective difficulty with mother-infant bonding six months following birth. Participants (N = 246) were women who delivered during the pandemics' strict lockdown period and were recruited 10 weeks after a liveborn delivery and followed up six months later. RESULTS Relationship between fear of COVID-19 and maternal-infant bonding was moderated by social support: Amongst mothers with high levels of social support, fear of COVID-19 negatively predicted bonding. DISCUSSION Results indicate that social support, while overall a protective factor for mother-infant bonding, may lose its buffering effect when fear of COVID-19 is high. This relationship was maintained even when early bonding experiences such as forced separation and the risk incurred by postpartum depression were accounted for. Implications for providers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shiffman
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Division, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - H Gluska
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shiri Margalit
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Y Mayer
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - R Daher
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
| | - L Elyasyan
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
| | - N Elia
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - M Sharon Weiner
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - H Miremberg
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - M Kovo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - T Biron-Shental
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - R Gabbay-Benziv
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
| | - L Helpman
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Hindes I, Sarwar HN, Gravesteijn BY, Jardine J, Burgos-Ochoa L, Been JV, Zenner D, Iliodromiti S. The association of COVID-19 lockdowns with adverse birth and pregnancy outcomes in 28 high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nat Hum Behav 2025:10.1038/s41562-025-02139-z. [PMID: 40307433 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-025-02139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025]
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to review the association of lockdowns with adverse birth and pregnancy outcomes (ABPOs) and related inequalities, in high-income countries (HICs). Databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science) were searched from 1 January 2019 to 22 June 2023 for original observational studies based in HICs that compared the rates of ABPOs, before and during lockdowns. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa tool for cohort studies. We ran random-effects meta-analyses and subgroup analyses per region, lockdown period, ethnicity group and deprivation level and adjusted for underlying temporal trends. A total of 132 studies were meta-analysed from 28 HICs. Reduced rates of preterm birth (reported by 26 studies) were associated with the first lockdown (relative risk 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.93-0.99), 11 studies adjusted for long-term trends and the association remained (0.97, 0.95-0.99), and subgroup analysis found that this association varied by continental region. Ten studies reported positive screening rates for possible depression antenatally, and lockdown was associated with increases in positive screening rates (1.37, 1.06-1.78). No other ABPOs were associated with lockdowns. Investigation of inequalities was limited due to data availability and heterogeneity; further research is warranted on the effect of lockdowns on health inequalities. This study was funded by the National Institute of Health Research, School of Primary Care Research and registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022327448).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iona Hindes
- Women's Health Research Unit, Centre for Public Health and Policy, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University London, London, UK.
| | - Hawa Nuralhuda Sarwar
- Women's Health Research Unit, Centre for Public Health and Policy, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Benjamin Y Gravesteijn
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Jardine
- Women's Health Research Unit, Centre for Public Health and Policy, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Lizbeth Burgos-Ochoa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Methodology and Statistics, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Jasper V Been
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dominik Zenner
- Global Public Health Unit, Centre for Public Health and Policy, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Stamatina Iliodromiti
- Women's Health Research Unit, Centre for Public Health and Policy, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
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Aksoy MU, Şahin EŞ, Gangal AD, Sözbir ŞY, Erenel AŞ. The Effects of Fear of COVID-19 and Perceived Social Support on Postpartum Depression: A Path Analysis. J Eval Clin Pract 2025; 31:e70098. [PMID: 40256937 DOI: 10.1111/jep.70098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2025] [Accepted: 03/31/2025] [Indexed: 04/22/2025]
Abstract
RATIONALE Postpartum depression is a significant health problem that negatively affects maternal and fetal health and should be carefully evaluated by health professionals in extraordinary situations such as disasters and pandemics. This study aimed to examine the effects of fear of COVID-19, perceived social support, and some socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics of women on the risk of postpartum depression during the pandemic period using path analysis. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with 226 women over 18 years of age, literate, gave birth at term, were between 2 weeks and a year postpartum, could use smartphones, and had not had COVID-19. The data were collected using the instruments Personal Information Form, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Data were collected via online survey method between 14 November 2020 and 30 December 2020. RESULTS The prevalence of risk of postpartum depression was 35.8%. The mean FCV-19S score was 19.72 ± 6.75, the mean MSPSS score was 56.69 ± 17.49, and the mean EPDS score was 10.03 ± 6.21. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors associated with postpartum depression risk in postpartum women during the pandemic family type (OR: 0.316, p = 0.05), satisfaction with childbirth experience (OR: 5.907, p = 0.003), fear of COVID-19 (OR: 1.104, p < 0.001), and perceived social support (OR: 0.942, p < 0.001). According to the path analysis, the χ2/degree of freedom value of the model is 1.35 and GFI: 0.99, AGFI: 0.96, CFI: 0.98, RMSEA: 0.040, NFI: 0.94, NNFI: 0.93, SRMR: 0.041 for path analysis. Path analysis revealed that having a nuclear family (β = 1.33), perceived social support (β = -0.13), having a history of depression (β = 3.61), fear of COVID-19 (β = 0.14), and satisfaction with the birth experience (β = -2.56) had a direct negative effect on the risk of PPD during the pandemic. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that strengthening social support, helping her cope with the fear of COVID-19, having a good birth process, and reasonable evaluation of their mental health history can alleviate the risk of PPD during the pandemic period. On the other hand, our findings may guide the development of prevention and intervention approaches for factors that directly and indirectly affect women's PPD risk during the pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eda Şimşek Şahin
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | | | | | - Ayten Şenturk Erenel
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Manning KY, Llera A, Lebel C. Reliable multimodal brain signatures predict mental health outcomes in children. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2025:S2451-9022(25)00092-8. [PMID: 40107499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/22/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inter-individual brain differences likely precede the emergence of mood and anxiety disorders, however, the specific brain alterations remain unclear. While many studies focus on a single imaging modality in isolation, recent advances in multimodal image analysis allow for a more comprehensive understanding of the complex neurobiology that underlies mental health. METHODS In a large population-based cohort of children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study (N > 10K), we applied data-driven linked independent component analysis to identify linked variations in cortical structure and white matter microstructure that together predict longitudinal behavioural and mental health symptoms. Brain differences were examined in a sub-sample of twins depending on the presence of at-risk behaviours. RESULTS Two multimodal brain signatures at age 9-10y predicted longitudinal mental health symptoms from 9-12y, with small effect sizes. Cortical variations in association, limbic and default mode regions linked with peripheral white matter microstructure together predicted higher depression and anxiety symptoms across two independent split-halves. The brain signature differed amongst depression and anxiety symptom trajectories and related to emotion-regulation network functional connectivity. Linked variations of subcortical structures and projection tract microstructure variably predicted behavioural inhibition, sensation seeking, and psychosis symptom severity over time in male participants. These brain patterns were significantly different between pairs of twins discordant for self-injurious behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate reliable, multimodal brain patterns in childhood, before mood and anxiety disorders tend to emerge, that lay the foundation for long-term mental health outcomes and offer targets for early identification of children at-risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Y Manning
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Alberto Llera
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; LIS data solutions, Santander, Spain
| | - Catherine Lebel
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Nombela E, Marchena C, Duque A, Chaves C. The efficacy of psychological interventions on well-being during the perinatal period: A systematic review. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2025; 93:40-51. [PMID: 39824062 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2024] [Revised: 01/09/2025] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 01/20/2025]
Abstract
Although research has already shown the importance of promoting well-being during pregnancy and after birth, previous meta-analyses on the effectiveness of psychological interventions do not include wellbeing as a primary outcome measure, focusing instead on assessing the effectiveness in reducing symptoms. This study aimed at conducting a systematic review of the effects of psychological interventions on well-being during the perinatal period. A search was conducted in Psycinfo, PubMed, Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus for articles published from 2014 to 2024. A review of 16 randomized clinical trials revealed that most interventions were effective in both improving well-being and reducing clinical symptoms. Face-to-face, therapist-led, and group-based approaches showed better adherence. Positive changes in well-being were maintained over time, although the postpartum transition may have influenced the maintenance of results. This study highlights the importance of including well-being measures in clinical trials during the perinatal period and advocates for a shift toward promoting well-being alongside symptom management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Nombela
- School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Covadonga Chaves
- School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Wambach K, Davis AM, Nelson EL, Romine RS, Romero K, Muzzy R, Murray M, Bakula D. A Health Behavior and Lifestyle Intervention Pilot Trial for Childbearing Adolescents. Am J Lifestyle Med 2025; 19:253-265. [PMID: 39981553 PMCID: PMC11836573 DOI: 10.1177/15598276221080367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2025] Open
Abstract
We pilot tested a multiple health behavior change (MHBC) intervention to improve breastfeeding rates, healthy eating/active living, and depression prevention among pregnant and parenting adolescent mothers. We also assessed utility of the MHBC mHealth approach by examining health behavior coaction and intervention acceptability. We used a longitudinal randomized controlled trial to compare the tablet-delivered momHealth to a control condition (usual care). Delivered between 32 weeks of pregnancy and one month postpartum, momHealth included nine multi-media education modules, simultaneous daily educational text messaging, and weekly videoconferences for individual and group support. Main outcomes included "any" and "exclusive" breastfeeding initiation and continuation for 5 weeks and 3 months postpartum; number of fruit and vegetable servings; minutes of moderate/vigorous physical activity per day; and depressive symptoms. Sixty-two adolescents aged 16-19 having their first baby were randomized. Compared to Control, more momHealth participants were still breastfeeding at 5 weeks (chi-square = 3.91, df = 1, P = .048). Mothers who breastfed for 3 months were more likely to eat adequate daily fruits/vegetables. Participants positively rated the intervention. momHealth positively affected early breastfeeding continuation and trended toward positive outcomes in healthy living and depressive symptoms. A fully powered trial is planned to test the intervention more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Wambach
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ann M. Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Center for Children’s Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Eve-Lynn Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - Karman Romero
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Rachel Muzzy
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Megan Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Dana Bakula
- Center for Children’s Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
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Li RX, Asgharvahedi F, Khajehei M. Prevalence of fear of childbirth, its risk factors and birth outcomes in Australian multiparous women. World J Obstet Gynecol 2025; 14:102334. [DOI: 10.5317/wjog.v14.i1.102334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Revised: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 01/17/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of childbirth (FoC) is a widespread issue that impacts the health and well-being of mothers and newborns. However, there is inconsistency regarding the prevalence of FoC in the and there is limited research on the prevalence of FoC among Australian pregnant women.
AIM To investigate the prevalence of FoC, its risk factors and birth outcomes in Australian multiparous women.
METHODS In this prospective cohort quantitative study, 212 multiparous women were recruited from antenatal clinics at Westmead Hospital in western Sydney from 2019 to 2022. Pregnant women who attended antenatal visits and met the inclusion criteria signed the consent forms and completed several online questionnaires at baseline. After they gave birth, their birth outcomes were collected from the hospital’s medical record database. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive statistics, χ2 test, independent samples t-test, and multivariable logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS Out of 212 participants, 24% experienced a high level of FoC and 7% experienced severe FoC. The χ2 test results revealed that a family income of ≤ $100000, no alcohol intake during pregnancy, pre-existing health problems, previous caesarean section (emergency or planned), and previous neutral/traumatic childbirth experiences were significantly associated with higher levels of FoC (P < 0.05). Other risk factors included being moderately to very worried and fearful about the upcoming birth, having severe to extremely severe anxiety throughout pregnancy, and expressing low relationship satisfaction. According to multivariable logistic regression, the odds of a high level of FoC were higher in women with anxiety, a history of traumatic childbirth experience, a history of sexual assault during childhood, pre-existing health problems, and lower relationship satisfaction (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION High-severe levels of FoC are experienced by pregnant multiparous women and are affected by several demographic factors. However, due to the small sample size in the present study, further studies with larger sample sizes are required to draw a firm conclusion on the prevalence of severe FoC among multiparous women and its associated risk factors and birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xin Li
- Department of Women’s and Newborn Health, Westmead Hospital, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Farnoosh Asgharvahedi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marjan Khajehei
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Women’s and Newborn Health, Westmead Hospital, Westmead 2145, Australia
- Westemad Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Women’s and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia
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Rodríguez-Reynaldo M, Rivera-Orraca Z, Ramos Monserrate G, Martínez-González K. Mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in perinatal women living in Puerto Rico. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2025; 43:181-194. [PMID: 37427837 PMCID: PMC10776800 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2023.2232388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have reported an increase in mental health disorders during the perinatal period as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the quarantine restrictions imposed. The effects of untreated maternal mental health have an adverse impact on the mother, the development of the baby, and the family system. Determinants of health, recent natural disasters, and disparities in perinatal care that impact perinatal women in Puerto Rico place them at a higher risk of mental health difficulties. AIM It is therefore, of extreme importance, to evaluate the effect that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on this vulnerable population. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional observational study that interviewed 100 women in the perinatal period during the COVID-19 lockdown measures in Puerto Rico. Participants completed the Spanish version of the COVID-19 Perinatal Experiences (COPE-IS) questionnaire and assessments of clinical depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7). RESULTS The prevalence of moderate to severe risk of depression in this sample is 14%, while 17% showed clinical signs of anxiety. Concerns about social impact and the quarantine mandate were the most common stressors reported. Additionally, our sample reported concerns about the impact the pandemic would have on future employment and finances. CONCLUSION Perinatal women showed significantly higher prevalence of depression and anxiety during the COVID -19 pandemic when compared to the mental health prevalence of the general population pre-pandemic in Puerto Rico. The concerns identified during the pandemic provide information on the importance of a biopsychosocial approach to perinatal mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianela Rodríguez-Reynaldo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Puerto Rico- Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing - Original Draft, Writing - Review & Editing, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Zilkia Rivera-Orraca
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Puerto Rico- Investigation, Methodology, Analysis, Resources, Review & Editing, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Gian Ramos Monserrate
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Puerto Rico- Investigation, Methodology, Analysis, Resources, Review & Editing, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Karen Martínez-González
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Puerto Rico- Investigation, Methodology, Analysis, Resources, Review & Editing, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Ren F, Zhu X, Liu J, Zhai Q, Wang J, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Guan L, Guo Y, Chang L, Li X, Liu G, Chen J, Wang S. Associations of multiple risk factors with prenatal depression and anxiety: Evidence from the Tianjin Birth Cohort (TJBC) study. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:411-422. [PMID: 39216646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antenatal mental disorders are associated with maternal and fetal adverse events. Previous studies have been focused on the postpartum period, rather than pregnancy, yet the association of risk factors with prenatal depression and anxiety through pregnancy has been rarely reported. This study aimed to identify the risk factors of prenatal depression and anxiety, and access their potential roles in developing mental disorders during pregnancy. METHODS This is a prospective study in 6470 participants from the Tianjin Birth Cohort in China (TJBC). The degree of prenatal depression and anxiety was evaluated using a questionnaire of Self-Rating Depression scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), which was given to pregnant women at 15-27 (Stage-2), and 28-41 (Stage-3) gestational weeks. The questionnaire also collected demographic, personal, and lifestyle information. The association of different factors with SDS/SAS score was examined by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS We observed an overall depression rate of 12.4 % and an overall anxiety rate of 7.7 % during pregnancy in the TJBC. In the Stage-2, the depression rate was 14.5 % and the anxiety rate was 9.5 %. In the Stage-3, the depression rate dropped to 9.7 % while the anxiety rate dropped to 5.3 %. With univariate analysis, we found that age, education, social support, marriage satisfaction, secondhand smoke (SHS), sleeping time and stress were common factors of prenatal mental health. Working status, family income, gravidity, smoking, electronic using, recreational activities were associated with depression risk, whereas BMI, disease history, changing eating habits, and feeding animal were associated with anxiety risk. Using logistic regression, we found that low education level, low social support, low marriage satisfaction, thyroid disfunction, Stage-2(second trimester), and stress were related to prenatal mental health. CONCLUSION The prevalence anxiety and depression in Tianjin is normal as national level. Age appropriateness, a good education level, sufficient social support, marital satisfaction, normal thyroid function, and absence of stress are associated with relieving depression and anxiety during gestation. However, due to individual difference, expectant mothers should seek professional support and guidance to address their mental health needs during gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Ren
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China; China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518210, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China; China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518210, China
| | - Jinnan Liu
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | | | - Jing Wang
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Ya Gao
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Lingyao Guan
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China; China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518210, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Lulin Chang
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China; China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518210, China
| | - Xi Li
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China; BGI Research, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Gongshu Liu
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China; China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518210, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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11
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Takács L, Abuaish S, Kaňková Š, Hill M, Ullmann J, Včelák J, Monk C. Maternal negative affect in pregnancy predicts cytokine levels which in turn predict birth outcomes - A prospective longitudinal study in a low-risk population. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:345-353. [PMID: 39191312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress and negative mood in pregnancy have been linked to less favorable birth outcomes, but the mechanisms underlying this effect remain largely unknown. We examined associations between emotions in pregnancy, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, MCP-1, MIP-1β, TNF-α) and birth outcomes (gestational age at birth and birth weight) in a low-risk sample. METHODS At each trimester of pregnancy, participants (N = 74) completed the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Perceived Stress Scale, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. They provided blood samples in the third trimester. Multivariate regression with a reduction of dimensionality (orthogonal projection to latent structures) was used to assess associations between maternal emotions, cytokine levels, and birth outcomes. RESULTS We found significant positive associations between negative mood (depressive symptoms in the second and third trimesters and negative affect in the third trimester) and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels, and negative associations between maternal distress in the second and third trimesters and pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokine ratios (IFN-γ/IL-10, TNF-α/IL-10 and IL-6/IL-10). Higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-17, and TNF-α were associated with younger gestational age at birth and lower birth weight. LIMITATIONS We did not control for relevant factors such as social support, health-related behaviors, or cortisol levels. CONCLUSIONS Negative mood in mid- and late pregnancy may shift cytokine balance toward the anti-inflammatory cytokine dominance. Our results provide further evidence for the negative association between pro-inflammatory cytokines in late pregnancy and gestational age at birth/birth weight, which we observed even in a low-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Takács
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Sameera Abuaish
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Šárka Kaňková
- Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hill
- Department of Steroid Hormones and Proteohormones, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Ullmann
- Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Včelák
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Catherine Monk
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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12
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Correia RH, Greyson D, Kirkwood D, Darling EK, Pahwa M, Bayrampour H, Jones A, Kuyvenhoven C, Liauw J, Vanstone M. New perinatal mental health conditions diagnosed during COVID-19: a population-based, retrospective cohort study of birthing people in Ontario. Arch Womens Ment Health 2024:10.1007/s00737-024-01534-1. [PMID: 39560777 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-024-01534-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to determine the incidence of mental health diagnoses and associated health and social risk factors among perinatal people in three different COVID-19 phases. METHODS We conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort study using linked administrative datasets. We included persons with live, in-hospital births in Ontario, Canada from January 1 to March 31 in 2019, 2021, or 2022 (three phases relative to COVID-19 with different public health policy measures). We excluded people with prior mental health diagnoses. We used diagnostic codes to identify new onset of depression, anxiety, or adjustment disorder in the antenatal and postpartum period. We developed multivariable, modified Poisson models to examine associations between sociodemographic and clinical factors and new mental health diagnoses in each phase. RESULTS There were 72,242 people in our cohort. Antenatal mental health diagnoses were significantly higher in 2021 (aRR = 1.32; CI = 1.20-1.46) and 2022 (aRR = 1.22; CI = 1.11-1.35) versus 2019. Postpartum diagnoses were significantly greater in 2021 (aRR = 1.16; CI = 1.08-1.25) versus 2019. Antenatal diagnoses were associated with birth year, previous stillbirth, pre-existing hypertension, multiparity, residential instability, and ethnocultural diversity. Postpartum diagnoses were associated with birth year, maternal age, multiparity, care provider profession, assisted reproductive technology, birthing mode, pre-existing hypertension, intensive care admission, hospital readmission, residential instability, and ethnocultural diversity. Family physicians increasingly made mental health diagnoses in 2021 and 2022. CONCLUSION Increased incidence of perinatal mental health diagnoses during COVID-19 suggests complex dynamics involving pandemic and health and social risk factors. REGISTRATION This study was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05663762) on December 21, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca H Correia
- Health Research Methodology graduate program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Devon Greyson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Elizabeth K Darling
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Manisha Pahwa
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hamideh Bayrampour
- Department of Family Practice, Midwifery Program, University of British Columbia, University Endowment Lands, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Aaron Jones
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jessica Liauw
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, University Endowment Lands, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Meredith Vanstone
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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13
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Arilha M, Carvalho AP, Forster TA, Rodrigues CVM, Briguglio B, Serruya SJ. Women's mental health and COVID-19: increased vulnerability and inequalities. Front Glob Womens Health 2024; 5:1414355. [PMID: 39416672 PMCID: PMC11480059 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2024.1414355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The impact of COVID-19 on mental health has become a relevant object of research. Studies have demonstrated that women have experienced greater mental health challenges, highlighting the importance of public health systems to address women's specific needs. Methods This literature review explores the effects of the coronavirus pandemic on psychological distress among women, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject and to explore how these research findings can guide public mental health care responses in crisis settings. A total of 131 studies were analyzed and four dimensions were discussed: study characteristics, factors impacting women's mental health in the pandemic setting, particularities of pregnancy and the postpartum period, and proposed interventions. Most studies exclusively addressed populations of adult women, predominantly during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Results Anxiety, depression, and stress were the most common outcomes. Lower education and income, preexisting mental health problems, and living alone or with children were risk factors for higher levels of anxiety and depression. Discussion A comprehensive care approach supported by public health policies and focused on intersectional factors, including race, socioeconomic status, and access to resources, is necessary to improve women's mental health care response in future crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margareth Arilha
- Elza Berquó Center for Population Studies, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Thais A. Forster
- Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women and Reproductive Health, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carla V. M. Rodrigues
- Department of Sectoral Development, Brazilian Regulatory Agency for Private Plans (ANS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bianca Briguglio
- Labor Movens - Working conditions in Tourism, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Suzanne J. Serruya
- Latin American Center for Perinatology, Women and Reproductive Health, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Montevideo, Uruguay
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14
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Behera D, Bohora S, Tripathy S, Thapa P, Sivakami M. Perinatal depression and its associated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:1651-1668. [PMID: 38376751 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-024-02628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Perinatal depression significantly impacts maternal and child health, with further complexities arising during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review is the first to comprehensively synthesize evidence on the prevalence of perinatal depression and its associated risk factors in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) during the pandemic period. METHODS The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022326991). This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guideline for prevalence studies. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in six databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and ProQuest. Pooled prevalence estimates were computed for both prenatal and postnatal depression. Identified risk factors were summarized narratively. RESULTS A total of 5169 studies were screened, out of which 58 were included in the narrative review and 48 [prenatal (n = 36) and postnatal (n = 17)] were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled depression prevalence for prenatal women was 23% (95% CI: 19-27%), and for the postnatal women was 23% (95% CI: 18-30%). Maternal age, education, perceived fear of COVID-19 infection, week of pregnancy, pregnancy complications, and social and family support were identified as associated risk factors for depression. CONCLUSIONS Our review demonstrates an increased prevalence of perinatal depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in LMICs. It sheds light on the significant burden faced by pregnant and postnatal women and emphasizes the necessity for targeted interventions during the ongoing and potential future crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepanjali Behera
- School of Public Health, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed To Be University, Campus-5 (KIMS), Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India.
| | - Shweta Bohora
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Snehasish Tripathy
- Centre for Mental Health, Law and Policy, Indian Law Society, Pune, India
| | - Poshan Thapa
- School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Muthusamy Sivakami
- School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India
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15
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Sahebi A, Kheiry M, Abdi K, Qomi M, Golitaleb M. Postpartum depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: an umbrella review and meta-analyses. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1393737. [PMID: 39050914 PMCID: PMC11266160 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1393737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased anxiety, stress, and depression, which could have harmful consequences for pregnant women. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of postpartum depression during COVID-19 using an umbrella review and meta-analysis. Methods The current study followed the PRISMA guideline and utilized data from various sources such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The searches were conducted without a time limit until the end of May 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model, heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 index, and publication bias was evaluated using Begg's test. Data analysis was carried out using STATA software (version 15). Results In this study, 243 articles were initially identified. Only meta-analysis studies that reported PPD during COVID-19 were included. After quality assessment, nine papers were selected for the meta-analysis stage. The study found that the prevalence postpartum depression (PPD) was 25.27% (95% CI = 23.66-27.86, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.549). Conclusion The findings of this study revealed that the incidence of PPD during the COVID-19 pandemic was relatively high. To decrease mental health issues among pregnant and postpartum women, healthcare professionals should implement community programs aimed at preventing, promptly identifying, and providing appropriate intervention for pregnant women. This is crucial as pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to psychological distress during infectious disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sahebi
- Department of Medical Emergencies and Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iraq
| | - Maryam Kheiry
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iraq
| | - Kame Abdi
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulimaniya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mahla Qomi
- Department of Nursing, Shazand School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mohamad Golitaleb
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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16
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Giurgescu C, Adaji R, Hyer S, Wheeler J, Misra DP. Neighborhood Environment and Perceived Stress Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Childbearing Black Women. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2024; 38:334-341. [PMID: 39074329 PMCID: PMC11296494 DOI: 10.1097/jpn.0000000000000837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study among pregnant and postpartum Black women was twofold: (1) to compare levels of perceived stress, depressive symptoms, social support, and neighborhood disorder and crime before the pandemic vs during the pandemic; and (2) to examine the association of perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and social support with neighborhood disorder and crime at both time points. METHODS This was a prospective study as part of the Biosocial Impact on Black Births, a longitudinal study that examined the role of maternal factors on preterm birth among Black women. A sample of 143 women were included who responded to survey questions during pregnancy prior to the pandemic and again after birth, during the pandemic. Women completed the COVID survey between May 21, 2020, and January 28, 2021. RESULTS The levels of perceived stress (70.75 and 76.28, respectively, P < .01) and social support (17.01 and 18.78, respectively, P < .01) were lower during the pandemic than prior to the pandemic. Social support, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms were significantly correlated with the pre-pandemic measures of perceived neighborhood disorder and crime. Perceived stress and depressive symptoms were also significantly correlated with pandemic measures of perceived neighborhood. CONCLUSION Women reported lower levels of perceived stress during the pandemic than prior to the pandemic, but neighborhood characteristics were consistently associated with perceived stress and depressive symptoms both prior to and during the pandemic. Further exploration is warranted to better understand these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Giurgescu
- Author Affiliations: College of Nursing, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida (Drs Giurgescu, Hyer, and Wheeler); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (Drs Adaji and Misra)
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17
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Sathitloetsakun S, Phutrakool P, Maitreechit D, Santibenchakul S, Jaisamrarn U, Puangsricharoen P. The prevalence of contraceptive use among postpartum women and its associated factors during the early phase of COVID-19 outbreak: a time series study. Reprod Health 2024; 21:80. [PMID: 38840252 PMCID: PMC11154988 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-024-01803-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unintended pregnancies can adversely affect maternal health, preventable through timely postpartum contraception. During the COVID-19 pandemic, family planning services were constrained by policies that curtailed outpatient visits. We investigated the prevalence of postpartum contraceptive initiation at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH) during January to June 2020, comparing with the same period in 2019, and identified factors associated with such initiation. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 4506 postpartum women who delivered at KCMH during the study period. Logistic regression was conducted to test the association between early COVID-19 phase deliveries and post-partum long acting reversible contraception (LARC) initiation including copper intrauterine devices, levonorgestrel intrauterine systems, contraceptive implants, and progestogen-only injectable contraceptives. RESULTS A total of 3765 women (83.6%), of whom 1821 delivered during the pandemic and 1944 during the historical cohort period, were included in this study. The proportion of women who initiated non-permanent modern contraceptives at six weeks postpartum was comparable between the COVID-19 (73.4%) and historical cohort (75.3%) (p = 0.27) periods. The proportion of women who initiated LARC at six weeks postpartumwas comparable between the historical cohort period (22.5%) and the COVID-19 (19.7%) (p = 0.05) period. Accessing a six-week postpartum check-up was independently associated with LARC initiation, of which the adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) was 3.01 (2.26 to 4.02). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that accessing postpartum care significantly associate with the use of LARC. The data suggest the strong influence of postpartum check-ups in facilitating the adoption of effective contraception, emphasizing the need for accessible postpartum care to sustain maternal health during health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarochinee Sathitloetsakun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Rama IV Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Phanupong Phutrakool
- Chula Data Management Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Somsook Santibenchakul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Rama IV Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Unnop Jaisamrarn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Rama IV Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pimpitcha Puangsricharoen
- Division of Academic Affairs Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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18
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Biagio LD, Devakumar D, Falcão de Carvalho L, Pinheiro de Castro N, López RVM, Luzia LA, Pizzi Argentato P, Rondó PHC. Factors associated with domestic violence in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: Araraquara Cohort study. BJPsych Bull 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38757198 DOI: 10.1192/bjb.2024.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS AND METHOD This cross-sectional study, carried out from 2021 to 2022, investigated the factors associated with domestic violence in 400 Brazilian pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Violence was assessed with the World Health Organization's Violence Against Women questionnaire and the Abuse Assessment Screen. Demographic, socioeconomic, obstetric, lifestyle and mental health data were collected. RESULTS Violence at any time in their lives was reported by 52.2% of the women, and psychological violence was the most prevalent type (19.5%). Violence was associated with being single and mental health changes. Pregnant women exposed to any lifetime violence and psychological violence were, respectively, 4.67 and 5.93 times more likely to show mental health changes compared with women with no reported violence. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Training health professionals involved in prenatal care in the early detection of single women and women with mental health changes could be important in preventing domestic violence.
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19
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McKee KS, Tang X, Tung I, Wu G, Alshawabkeh AN, Arizaga JA, Bastain TM, Brennan PA, Breton CV, Camargo CA, Cioffi CC, Cordero JF, Dabelea D, Deutsch AR, Duarte CS, Dunlop AL, Elliott AJ, Ferrara A, Karagas MR, Lester B, McEvoy CT, Meeker J, Neiderhiser JM, Herbstman J, Trasande L, O’Connor TG, Hipwell AE, Comstock SS. Perinatal Outcomes during versus Prior to the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Role of Maternal Depression and Perceived Stress: A Report from the ECHO Program. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:e1404-e1420. [PMID: 36781160 PMCID: PMC11195909 DOI: 10.1055/a-2033-5610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on perinatal outcomes while accounting for maternal depression or perceived stress and to describe COVID-specific stressors, including changes in prenatal care, across specific time periods of the pandemic. STUDY DESIGN Data of dyads from 41 cohorts from the National Institutes of Health Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Program (N = 2,983) were used to compare birth outcomes before and during the pandemic (n = 2,355), and a partially overlapping sample (n = 1,490) responded to a COVID-19 questionnaire. Psychosocial stress was defined using prenatal screening for depression and perceived stress. Propensity-score matching and general estimating equations with robust variance estimation were used to estimate the pandemic's effect on birth outcomes. RESULTS Symptoms of depression and perceived stress during pregnancy were similar prior to and during the pandemic, with nearly 40% of participants reporting mild to severe stress, and 24% reporting mild depression to severe depression. Gestations were shorter during the pandemic (B = - 0.33 weeks, p = 0.025), and depression was significantly associated with shortened gestation (B = - 0.02 weeks, p = 0.015) after adjustment. Birth weights were similar (B = - 28.14 g, p = 0.568), but infants born during the pandemic had slightly larger birth weights for gestational age at delivery than those born before the pandemic (B = 0.15 z-score units, p = 0.041). More women who gave birth early in the pandemic reported being moderately or extremely distressed about changes to their prenatal care and delivery (45%) compared with those who delivered later in the pandemic. A majority (72%) reported somewhat to extremely negative views of the impact of COVID-19 on their life. CONCLUSION In this national cohort, we detected no effect of COVID-19 on prenatal depression or perceived stress. However, experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic in pregnancy was associated with decreases in gestational age at birth, as well as distress about changes in prenatal care early in the pandemic. KEY POINTS · COVID-19 was associated with shortened gestations.. · Depression was associated with shortened gestations.. · However, stress during the pandemic remained unchanged.. · Most women reported negative impacts of the pandemic..
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly S. McKee
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Xiaodan Tang
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Irene Tung
- Department of Psychology, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, California
| | - Guojing Wu
- Department of Epidemology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Akram N. Alshawabkeh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica A. Arizaga
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Theresa M. Bastain
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Carrie V. Breton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Carlos A. Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jose F. Cordero
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Athens, Georgia
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Arielle R. Deutsch
- Department of Pediatrics, Avera Research Institute, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | | | - Anne L. Dunlop
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Amy J. Elliott
- Department of Pediatrics, Avera Research Institute, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | - Assiamira Ferrara
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Barry Lester
- Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Cindy T. McEvoy
- Department of Pediatrics, MCR Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - John Meeker
- University of Michigan, Environmental Health Sciences, Global Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jenae M. Neiderhiser
- Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Julie Herbstman
- Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, Environmental Health Sciences, New York, New York
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University, New York
- Department of Environmental Medicine, and Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine and New York University School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York
| | - Thomas G. O’Connor
- Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, Neuroscience, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Alison E. Hipwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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20
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Lindsay KL, Guo Y, Gyllenhammer LE. Mindfulness and Cardiometabolic Health During Pregnancy: An Integrative Review. Mindfulness (N Y) 2024; 15:995-1013. [PMID: 39829724 PMCID: PMC11741670 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-024-02337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
Objectives Cardiometabolic health during pregnancy has potential to influence long-term chronic disease risk for both mother and offspring. Mindfulness practices have been associated with improved cardiometabolic health in non-pregnant populations. The objective was to evaluate diverse studies that explored relationships between prenatal mindfulness and maternal cardiometabolic health. Method An integrative review was conducted in January 2023 across five databases to identify and evaluate studies of diverse methodologies and data types. Quantitative studies that examined mindfulness as an intervention or exposure variable during pregnancy and reported any of the following outcomes were considered: gestational weight gain (GWG), blood glucose, insulin resistance, gestational diabetes, inflammation, blood pressure, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Qualitative studies were included if they evaluated knowledge, attitudes, or practices of mindfulness in relation to the above-mentioned outcomes during pregnancy. Results Fifteen eligible studies were identified, and 4 received a "Good" quality rating (1/7 interventional, 1/5 observational, 2/2 qualitative). Qualitative studies revealed interest among pregnant women in mindfulness-based practices for managing GWG. Some beneficial effects of mindfulness interventions on maternal glucose tolerance and blood pressure were identified, but not for other cardiometabolic outcomes. Observational studies revealed null direct associations between maternal trait mindfulness and cardiometabolic parameters, but one study suggests potential for mindful eating to mitigate excess GWG and insulin resistance. Conclusions There currently exists limited quality evidence for mindfulness practices to support prenatal cardiometabolic health. Further rigorous studies are required to understand whether prenatal mindfulness-based interventions, either alone or in combination with other lifestyle modalities, can benefit cardiometabolic health. Preregistration This study is not preregistered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L. Lindsay
- Department of Pediatrics, UCI School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, 3800 W. Chapman Ave, Suite 2200, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Susan Samueli Integrative Health Institute, University of California Irvine, Suite 4600, 856 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Yuqing Guo
- Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California Irvine, 854 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lauren E. Gyllenhammer
- Department of Pediatrics, UCI School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, 3800 W. Chapman Ave, Suite 2200, Orange, CA 92868, USA
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21
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Zhang E, Su S, Gao S, Liu R, Ding X, Zhang Y, Xie S, Liu J, Yue W, Yin C. Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic-Related Long-Term Chronic Impacts on Psychological Health of Perinatal Women in China. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:e1301-e1312. [PMID: 36603832 PMCID: PMC11132852 DOI: 10.1055/a-2008-4674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused far-reaching changes in all areas of society. However, limited data have focused on the long-term impacts on perinatal psychological health. This study aims to evaluate long-term impacts of COVID-19 pandemic crisis on psychological health among perinatal women and investigate associated factors. STUDY DESIGN A multicenter, cross-sectional study, the psychological subproject of China Birth Cohort Study (CBCS), was conducted in 2021. Demographic and obstetric characteristics, pregnancy outcomes, psychological status, and COVID-19-pandemic-related factors were obtained. The symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia of participants were assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, and Insomnia Severity Index, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify associated factors of adverse psychological symptoms. RESULTS Totally, 1,246 perinatal women were enrolled, with the overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms being 63.16, 41.89, and 44.38%, respectively. Perinatal women who needed psychological counseling and were very worried about the COVID-19 pandemic were 1.8 to 7.2 times more likely to report symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Unemployment, flu-like symptoms, younger maternal age, and previous diseases before pregnancy were risk factors for depression, anxiety, or insomnia. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that the prevalence of perinatal depression, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms was at a high level even 1 year after the pandemic outbreak, implying pandemic-associated long-term psychological impacts on perinatal women existed. Government should not only pay attention to the acute effects of psychological health but also to long-term psychological impacts on perinatal women after major social events. KEY POINTS · The prevalence of perinatal psychological symptoms was at a high level after the COVID-19 outbreak.. · Perinatal women who were very worried about COVID-19 were more often to have psychological symptoms.. · Perinatal women with demands of mental counseling were more likely to report psychological symptoms..
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Affiliation(s)
- Enjie Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People Republic of China
| | - Shaofei Su
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People Republic of China
| | - Shen Gao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People Republic of China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People Republic of China
| | - Xin Ding
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Research Management, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People Republic of China
| | - Shuanghua Xie
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People Republic of China
| | - Wentao Yue
- Department of Research Management, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People Republic of China
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People Republic of China
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22
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Mattera JA, Erickson NL, Barbosa-Leiker C, Gartstein MA. COVID-19 pandemic effects: Examining prenatal internalizing symptoms and infant temperament. INFANCY 2024; 29:386-411. [PMID: 38244202 DOI: 10.1111/infa.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
For pregnant women, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unprecedented stressors, including uncertainty regarding prenatal care and the long-term consequences of perinatal infection. However, few studies have examined the role of this adverse event on maternal wellbeing and infant socioemotional development following the initial wave of the pandemic when less stringent public health restrictions were in place. The current study addressed these gaps in the literature by first comparing prenatal internalizing symptoms and infant temperament collected after the first wave of the pandemic to equivalent measures in a pre-pandemic sample. Second, associations between prenatal pandemic-related stress and infant temperament were examined. Women who were pregnant during the COVID-19 pandemic endorsed higher pregnancy-specific anxiety relative to the pre-pandemic sample. They also reported greater infant negative emotionality and lower positive affectivity and regulatory capacity at 2 months postpartum. Prenatal infection stress directly predicted infant negative affect. Both prenatal infection and preparedness stress were indirectly related to infant negative emotionality through depression symptoms during pregnancy and at 2 months postpartum. These results have implications for prenatal mental health screening procedures during the pandemic and the development of early intervention programs for infants born to mothers during this adverse event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Mattera
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Nora L Erickson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Maria A Gartstein
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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23
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Albertini JGL, Benute GRG, Brizot MDL, Peres SV, Francisco RPV, Galletta MAK. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Brazilian Pregnant Women at the Beginning of the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:461. [PMID: 38673372 PMCID: PMC11050288 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Analyze the presence of PTSD symptoms and their risk among the pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of pregnant women that received receiving prenatal care at two university hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil, during the COVID-19 pandemic, from April to June 2020. The sociodemographic and health data of the participants and their exposure to individuals suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19 were evaluated. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to assess PTSD and anxiety symptoms, respectively. RESULTS A total of 149 pregnant women were included in this study. The risk of PTSD among the participants was 55.1%. The independent risk factors for PTSD were state anxiety (ORadj = 2.6), trait anxiety (ORadj = 10.7), changes in routine due to the pandemic (ORadj = 4.7) and contact with a confirmed case of COVID-19 person (ORadj = 7.1). CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant negative impact on the mental health of pregnant women, more than half of the participants of the present study showed a risk of PTSD, exacerbated by anxiety symptoms and exposure to individuals with a confirmed case of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Gorrão Lopes Albertini
- Disciplina de Obstetrícia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil; (J.G.L.A.); (R.P.V.F.)
| | | | - Maria de Lourdes Brizot
- Disciplina de Obstetrícia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil; (J.G.L.A.); (R.P.V.F.)
| | - Stela Verzinhasse Peres
- Disciplina de Obstetrícia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil; (J.G.L.A.); (R.P.V.F.)
| | - Rossana Pulcineli Vieira Francisco
- Disciplina de Obstetrícia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil; (J.G.L.A.); (R.P.V.F.)
| | - Marco Aurélio Knippel Galletta
- Disciplina de Obstetrícia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil; (J.G.L.A.); (R.P.V.F.)
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24
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Abreu RWFD, Lima CRG, Verdério BN, Santos MMD, Dos Santos AN, Brugnaro BH, Rocha NACF. Association between environmental factors during the COVID-19 pandemic and functioning of infants with biological risk in the first year of life: Cross-sectional exploratory study. Early Hum Dev 2024; 191:105987. [PMID: 38520911 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2024.105987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child development can be influenced by family and environmental factors, which changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, it is important to explore how these factors are associated with the functioning of infants with biological risk in the first year of life. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate associations between family factors, home opportunities, caregiver perception of environmental support and barriers at home and environmental factors during the COVID-19 pandemic and gross motor skills and home participation in infants with biological risk in the first year of life. METHODS Fifty-six infants aged two to 12 months (M = 5.80 months; ±2.44) and their mothers performed remote assessments of gross motor skills using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS); participation and environment (phone call) by the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM); family factors (income, age and maternal education), home opportunities - The Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development - Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) and environmental factors during the COVID-19 pandemic (social distancing, emotional and financial factors and physiotherapy) (online forms). Regression models were constructed, considering gross motor skills and home participation as outcome variables, with a 5 % significance level. RESULTS We found that older maternal age (p = 0.001), more home opportunities (p = 0.043), and less rigorous social distancing (as opposed to total social distancing [p = 0.045]) were significantly associated with better gross motor skills; and higher maternal education (p = 0.050) was associated with more involvement in home activities. CONCLUSION Family factors, home opportunities and social distancing were differently associated with the gross motor skills and home participation of infants with biological risk in the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raissa Wanderley Ferraz de Abreu
- Infant Development Analysis Laboratory (LADI), Departament of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Camila Resende Gâmbaro Lima
- Infant Development Analysis Laboratory (LADI), Departament of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Nayara Verdério
- Infant Development Analysis Laboratory (LADI), Departament of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Martins Dos Santos
- Infant Development Analysis Laboratory (LADI), Departament of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Neves Dos Santos
- Infant Development Analysis Laboratory (LADI), Departament of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Departament of Health Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Araranguá, SC, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz Helena Brugnaro
- Infant Development Analysis Laboratory (LADI), Departament of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira Rocha
- Infant Development Analysis Laboratory (LADI), Departament of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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25
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Mota-Pérez M, Huerta-Álvarez C, Llorente A, Cea-Soriano L. COVID-19 Distribution in Pregnancy, Drug Use Patterns and COVID-19 Medication during the Pandemic in Spain: Data from Real-World Electronic Health Records. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:207. [PMID: 38399422 PMCID: PMC10892820 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Although pregnant women were considered a risk population for COVID-19, little is known of their drug use during the pandemic. We aimed to investigate COVID-19 distribution, drug use patterns and COVID-19 medication. We conducted a retrospective cohort of validated pregnancies aged 15-49 years, from January 2020 to December 2022, using the BIFAP database. An identified cohort of pregnant women with COVID-19 was matched by age, gestational age, length of pregnancy and outcome to a cohort free of COVID-19 (8413 vs. 24,975). We performed a descriptive analysis on COVID-19 cases, estimated the drug use patterns and assessed COVID-19-specific drugs within the week prior/after diagnosis, stratified by pandemic wave and gestational week. The results showed that 72% of pregnant women with COVID-19 received at least one prescription vs. 66.6% of those free of COVID-19, with analgesics, antibiotics and thyroid hormones being the most prescribed drugs in both groups. In the COVID-19 group, they were antithrombotics (40 prescriptions per 100 women), analgesic/NSAIDs (19.64/6.29) and antibiotics (6.95). COVID-19 cases gradually increased, peaking at the fifth and second waves. Prescription rates were similar when compared to pre-pandemic studies. The use of drugs compatible with COVID-19 treatments was in line with recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Mota-Pérez
- Department of Public Health and Maternal Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (L.C.-S.)
| | - Consuelo Huerta-Álvarez
- Department of Public Health and Maternal Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (L.C.-S.)
| | - Ana Llorente
- Base de datos para la Investigación Farmacoepidemiológica en el Ámbito Público (BIFAP), Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance, Spanish Agency for Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPS), 28022 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Lucía Cea-Soriano
- Department of Public Health and Maternal Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (L.C.-S.)
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26
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Geißler C, Knoerlein J, Bohlmann MK, Brandt A, Guluzade D, Gerber M, Watermann D, Weiz O, König G, Markfeld F, Klar M, Juhasz-Böss I, Kunze M. [Evaluation of Psychological Distress in Obstetric Patients during the Visit Ban in Hospitals in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Prospective, Multicentre, Controlled Study]. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2024; 228:80-87. [PMID: 37931900 DOI: 10.1055/a-2180-7507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Risk factors for postpartum depression include a lack of social support and perceived social isolation. We would like to determine whether the isolation of inpatients on the maternity wards during Covid-19 leads to increased psychological stress. METHODS This is a multicentre, controlled study of obstetric patients who gave birth during an inpatient stay. Patients were included during the visitation ban (study group) and after the visitation ban (control group). Psychological stress was evaluated with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) during the inpatient stay and six to eight weeks postpartum. RESULTS A total of 194 women were included, 107 in the study group and 87 in the control group. The overall result of the first EPDS shows a higher score in the study group compared to the control group (7.0 vs. 4.9 points). Primipara show a higher score in the first EPDS compared to multipara (7.28 vs. 4.82). Caesarean section, regardless of isolation, shows a higher score in the first EPDS than vaginal birth (8.42 vs. 5.11). Comparison of vaginal birth shows a higher score only in the study group (5.97 vs. 4.07). CONCLUSION In the context of Covid-19, women giving birth and new mothers, especially primipara, are exposed to increased psychological stress in the clinics. Caesarean section leads to increased psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Geißler
- Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Julian Knoerlein
- Anästhesiologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Michael K Bohlmann
- Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe , St Elisabethen-Krankenhaus Lörrach gGmbH, Lörrach, Germany
| | - Andreas Brandt
- Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Ortenau Klinikum, Offenburg, Germany
| | - Durdana Guluzade
- Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe , St Elisabethen-Krankenhaus Lörrach gGmbH, Lörrach, Germany
| | - Monika Gerber
- Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Evangelisches Diakoniekrankenhaus Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Watermann
- Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Evangelisches Diakoniekrankenhaus Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Olga Weiz
- Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Evangelisches Diakoniekrankenhaus Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gudrun König
- Geburtshilfe, Eichsfeld Klinikum, Eichsfeld, Germany
| | - Filiz Markfeld
- Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Maximilian Klar
- Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ingolf Juhasz-Böss
- Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Mirjam Kunze
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Caffieri A, Gómez‐Gómez I, Barquero‐Jimenez C, De‐Juan‐Iglesias P, Margherita G, Motrico E. Global prevalence of perinatal depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: An umbrella review and meta-analytic synthesis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024; 103:210-224. [PMID: 38113292 PMCID: PMC10823409 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms in pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic was assessed by several systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses which provided contrasting and different results. We aimed to summarize the evidence relating to the global prevalence of anxiety and depression among pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS An umbrella review of SRs and meta-analyses was performed. Searches were conducted in electronic databases up to April 2023. SRs and meta-analyses reporting the prevalence of perinatal anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic were selected for eligibility. Primary studies extracted from eligible meta-analyses were included in the quantitative synthesis. The research protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020173125). RESULTS A total of 25 SRs (198 primary studies) and 12 meta-analyses (129 primary studies) were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis, respectively. Studies involved data from five continents and 45 countries. The pooled prevalence of antenatal and postpartum depression was 29% (n = 55; 95% CI: 25%-33%) and 26% (n = 54; 95% CI: 23%-30%), respectively. In the case of anxiety, the pooled antenatal and postnatal prevalence was 31% (n = 44; 95% CI: 26%-37%; n = 16; 95% CI: 24%-39%). Differences emerged between continents, with Africa having the highest prevalence of perinatal depression and Oceania and Europe having the highest prevalence of antenatal and postnatal anxiety. The prevalence also varied depending on the assessment tools, especially for antenatal anxiety. A medium-high quality of the studies was observed. One SR assessed strength-of-evidence, reporting very low strength. CONCLUSIONS During the COVID-19 pandemic, depression and anxiety were common, affecting almost one in three perinatal women globally. A high heterogeneity and a risk of publication bias were found, partially due to the variety of assessment tools and cut-offs. The results may not be generalized to minorities. Studies on the prevalence of clinical diagnoses are needed. Based on our results it is not possible to firmly affirm that the COVID-19 pandemic was the main factor that directly increased perinatal depression and anxiety during the past few years. Future studies should study other factors' impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Caffieri
- Department of Humanistic StudiesUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | | | | | | | - Giorgia Margherita
- Department of Humanistic StudiesUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Emma Motrico
- Department of PsychologyUniversidad Loyola AndalucíaSevilleSpain
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28
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Nieto-Tous M, Diaz-Martinez A, De-Arriba-García M, Roca-Prats A, Monfort-Beltrán S, Ivañez-Muñoz M, Alberola-Rubio J, Perales A, Monfort-Ortiz R. GESTACOVID Project: Psychological and Perinatal Effects in Spanish Pregnant Women Subjected to Strict Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Evolution during De-Escalation. J Clin Med 2023; 13:248. [PMID: 38202254 PMCID: PMC10779534 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The lockdown and de-escalation process following the COVID-19 pandemic led to a period of new normality. This study aimed to assess the confinement impact on the mental health of peripartum women, as their psychological well-being may be particularly vulnerable and thus affect their offspring's development. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted among women who gave birth during strict confinement (G0) and the new normality period (G1), in which a self-administered paper-based questionnaire assessed 15 contextual factors and the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). For each item, it was verified whether the positive screening rate differed in each confinement phase, and a risk factor study was conducted. For G0, significantly higher positive screening and preterm birth rates were observed in the positive screening group. In the case of G1, maternal age (>35 years), decreased physical activity, and normal weight were found to be protective factors against distress. This study underscores the heightened mental health risk for postpartum women during major psychosocial upheavals (war, economic crisis, natural disasters, or pandemics), along with their resilience as the positive screening rate decreases with the new normality. Findings encourage adopting strategies to identify high-risk women and promote effective measures, such as promoting physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Nieto-Tous
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
| | - Alba Diaz-Martinez
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alba Roca-Prats
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
| | - Sara Monfort-Beltrán
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
| | - María Ivañez-Muñoz
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
| | - José Alberola-Rubio
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe de Valencia, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfredo Perales
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
- Departamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rogelio Monfort-Ortiz
- Departmento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain (R.M.-O.)
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Dumitriu D, Lavallée A, Riggs JL, Frosch CA, Barker TV, Best DL, Blasingame B, Bushar J, Charlot-Swilley D, Erickson E, Finkel MA, Fortune B, Gillen L, Martinez M, Ramachandran U, Sanders LM, Willis DW, Shearman N. Advancing early relational health: a collaborative exploration of a research agenda. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1259022. [PMID: 38143537 PMCID: PMC10748603 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1259022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we introduce the Early Relational Health (ERH) Learning Community's bold, large-scale, collaborative, data-driven and practice-informed research agenda focused on furthering our mechanistic understanding of ERH and identifying feasible and effective practices for making ERH promotion a routine and integrated component of pediatric primary care. The ERH Learning Community, formed by a team of parent/caregiver leaders, pediatric care clinicians, researchers, and early childhood development specialists, is a workgroup of Nurture Connection-a hub geared toward promoting ERH, i.e., the positive and nurturing relationship between young children and their parent(s)/caregiver(s), in families and communities nationwide. In response to the current child mental health crisis and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) policy statement promoting ERH, the ERH Learning Community held an in-person meeting at the AAP national headquarters in December 2022 where members collaboratively designed an integrated research agenda to advance ERH. This agenda weaves together community partners, clinicians, and academics, melding the principles of participatory engagement and human-centered design, such as early engagement, co-design, iterative feedback, and cultural humility. Here, we present gaps in the ERH literature that prompted this initiative and the co-design activity that led to this novel and iterative community-focused research agenda, with parents/caregivers at the core, and in close collaboration with pediatric clinicians for real-world promotion of ERH in the pediatric primary care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dani Dumitriu
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, New York, NY, United States
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
| | - Andréane Lavallée
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jessica L. Riggs
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Cynthia A. Frosch
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Tyson V. Barker
- Science and Innovation Strategy, Institute for Child Success, Greenville, SC, United States
| | - Debra L. Best
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Jessica Bushar
- HealthySteps, ZERO TO THREE, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Elizabeth Erickson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Morgan A. Finkel
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bryn Fortune
- Fortune Consulting, Early Relational Health-Family Network Collaborative, Royal Oak, MI, United States
| | - Leah Gillen
- Department of Research and Innovation, Reach out and Read, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marty Martinez
- Chief Executive Officer, Reach Out and Read, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Usha Ramachandran
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Lee M. Sanders
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - David W. Willis
- Center for the Study of Social Policy, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Nikki Shearman
- Department of Research and Innovation, Reach out and Read, Boston, MA, United States
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Kim ME, Jung HN. Prevalence and associated factors of prenatal depression in pregnant Korean women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. KOREAN JOURNAL OF WOMEN HEALTH NURSING 2023; 29:274-290. [PMID: 38204388 PMCID: PMC10788393 DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2023.11.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the effects of prenatal education characteristics, pandemic-related pregnancy stress, and health behaviors during pregnancy on prenatal depression in pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS The participants were 180 pregnant Korean women, recruited from internet communities for pregnancy preparation, childbirth, and childcare, from July 5 to 15, 2022. The collected data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, the Mann-Whitney U-test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS The scores for pandemic-related pregnancy stress (24.50±6.37) and health behaviors during pregnancy (67.07±9.20) were high. Nearly half of the participants (n=89, 49.4%) presented with prenatal depression, with scores of 10 or greater. Prenatal depression had a positive correlation with gestational age (r=.18, p=.019) and pandemic-related pregnancy stress (r=.27, p<.001), and a negative correlation with health behaviors during pregnancy (r=-.42, p<.001). The factors associated with prenatal depression were pandemic-related pregnancy stress (t=4.70, p<.001), marital satisfaction (dissatisfied) (t=3.66, p<.001), pregnancy healthcare practice behaviors (t=-3.31, p=.001), family type (weekend couple) (t=2.84, p=.005), and gestational age (t=2.32, p=.022). The explanatory power of these variables was 38.2%. CONCLUSION Since participants had a high level of prenatal depression during the pandemic, and infectious diseases such as COVID-19 may recur, strategies should be developed to improve pregnant women's mental health with consideration of the unique variables that are relevant in a pandemic. It is also necessary to develop efficient online prenatal education programs that can be implemented even in special circumstances such as social distancing, and to evaluate their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Eun Kim
- Department of Nursing Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Ha-Neul Jung
- Department of Nursing Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Korea
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Dhankar A, Katz A. Tracking pregnant women's mental health through social media: an analysis of reddit posts. JAMIA Open 2023; 6:ooad094. [PMID: 38033783 PMCID: PMC10684261 DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooad094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Present an artificial intelligence-enabled pipeline for estimating the prevalence of depression and general anxiety among pregnant women using texts from their social media posts. Use said pipeline to analyze mental health trends on subreddits frequented by pregnant women and report on interesting insights that could be helpful for policy-makers, clinicians, etc. Materials and methods We used pretrained transformer-based models to build a natural language processing pipeline that can automatically detect depressed pregnant women on social media and carry out topic modeling to detect their concerns. Results We detected depressed posts by pregnant women on Reddit and validated the performance of the depression classification model by carrying out topic modeling to reveal that depressive topics were detected. The proportion of potentially depressed surprisingly reduced during the pandemic (2020 and 2021). Queries related to antidepressants, such as Zoloft, and potential ways of managing mental health dominated discourse before the pandemic (2018 and 2019), whereas queries about pelvic pain and associated stress dominated the discourse during the pandemic. Discussion and Conclusion Supportive online communities could be a factor in alleviating stress related to the pandemic, hence the reduction in the proportion of depressed users during the pandemic. Stress during the pandemic has been associated with pelvic pain among pregnant women, and this trend is confirmed through topic modeling of depressive posts during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Dhankar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Alan Katz
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
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De Genna NM, Hossain F, Dwarakanath M, Balascio PM, Moore MM, Hill AV. Pandemic stressors and vaccine hesitancy among young, pregnant Black people: A qualitative study of health disparities during a global pandemic. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1912-1922. [PMID: 37807480 PMCID: PMC11061795 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic exacerbated existing health inequities in the United States, but no studies have focused on the lived experiences of younger Black birthing people. The goal of this qualitative study was to center the experiences of younger pregnant and birthing Black and Biracial people during the pandemic. METHODS We recruited 25 Black and Biracial pregnant and birthing people ages 16-23 for individual semi-structured interviews. Participants were asked about experiences with the healthcare system during the pandemic, and interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded for qualitative analysis using nVivo. We adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines. RESULTS Participants identified pandemic-related stressors such as fears about infection, lack of support, and pressure to get vaccinated. Reasons for vaccine hesitancy included mistrust in the government and racism experienced during reproductive healthcare. Provider appeals highlighting patient autonomy and science were more effective in encouraging vaccine uptake than emotional appeals that made participants feel guilty about potentially infecting loved ones. CONCLUSIONS Restrictions on children and support people created barriers to timely prenatal care and reduced tangible support for young Black and Biracial birthing people during the pandemic. Their vaccine hesitancy was related to mistrust, concerns that the vaccines had not been tested enough prior to roll-out, and possible side effects of the vaccine including infection with the virus and pregnancy loss. Obstetric providers need to understand and recognize the ongoing impact of obstetric and scientific racism on health communication with younger Black and Biracial patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha M. De Genna
- Department of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fahmida Hossain
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Megana Dwarakanath
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Phoebe Ms. Balascio
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mikaela Ms. Moore
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ashley V. Hill
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Sayahi M, Nikbina M, Jahangirimehr A, Barati B. Mental health status of pregnant women during COVID-19 in healthcare centers of Iran: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294850. [PMID: 38015922 PMCID: PMC10683986 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic impacted every single aspect of life. In addition to being a public health emergency, the COVID-19 outbreak impacted the mental health of individuals, especially pregnant women. This study aimed to examine the mental health status of pregnant women and also the effect of sociodemographic factors on their mental health status during COVID-19 in healthcare centers of Iran. METHODS This cross-sectional, analytical-descriptive study was conducted among pregnant women referring to healthcare centers in Shoushtar, Iran, in 2021. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select participants. Data were collected using the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the association between quantitative variables. A generalized linear model (GLM) was applied to estimate the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable (mental health). RESULTS A total of 197 participants with a mean ± SD age of 27.85 ± 6.37 years took part in this study. The total mean score of mental health was estimated at 17.47±8.20. The highest mean ± SD score was, respectively, related to social dysfunction (6.63 ± 2.86), anxiety and insomnia (5.28 ± 3.53), and somatic symptoms (4.17 ± 3.27). Mental health disorder was significantly correlated with participants' age (R = .223, P = .00), number of pregnancy (gravida) (R = .272, P = .00), number of births (para) (R = 0.272, P = .00), and number of abortions (R = .172, P = .015). About 80% of pregnant women did not reveal impaired mental health conditions or psychological distress, while 19.3% showed scores that indicate probable mental health conditions. CONCLUSION Social dysfunction was the most common mental health problem among pregnant women. It is necessary to pay more attention to the mental health status of pregnant women during a pandemic. Interventions such as practical strategies to promote social support and improve pregnant women's mental health during pregnancy are highly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Sayahi
- Department of Midwifery, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Maryam Nikbina
- Department of Midwifery, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Azam Jahangirimehr
- Department of Public Health, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Barat Barati
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
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Dai C, Wang X, Xu C, Bai L, Li Y. A Study on the Psychological Experience and Influential Factors of Pregnant Women Who Decided Elective Caesarean Section After Public Health Emergencies - A Cross-Sectional Survey. Int J Womens Health 2023; 15:1713-1725. [PMID: 37965076 PMCID: PMC10642347 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s418959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic used to be a major public health emergency which affected people worldwide, and it affected individuals' body, mood, work and lifestyle to some extent. The pregnant woman affected by the unstable hormone will be more sensitive than normal ones. Long-term depression and anxiety could feedback on their body and lead to a host of pregnancy complications. Because pregnant women who choose cesarean section are awake during the perioperative period, to ensure safety, the degree of cooperation about psychology and behavior is relatively high, so we should know the psychological state of such a group of people. Objective This study aims to explore psychological experience and influential factors of pregnant women who decided elective caesarean section after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a hospital in Shanghai, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected pregnant women who selected elective cesarean section as the study objects, all participants provided informed consent and completed questionnaires, including sociodemographic questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) and General Well-Being Schedule (GWBS). Software SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze and explore the influencing factors. Results Eligible 595 questionnaires were included in the study, the mean score of GAD-7 was 4.855 ± 3.254 and 90.699 ± 13.807 of GWBS. Generalized linear regression analysis revealed several factors that were statistically significant with the two scales, including birthplace, average monthly income, number of abortion and pregnancy complication (p < 0.01). Conclusion The COVID-19 infection status and symptoms around infection have no statistical difference in anxiety level and general well-being after they experience the COVID-19 pandemic. However, through this study, we found some influencing factors that worth further exploration. In the future, we will expand the sample size to explore the different situation of multi-center, and we hope provide psychological nursing interventions based on existing results to offer a better delivery experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Dai
- Operating Room, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuelu Wang
- Operating Room, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenying Xu
- Operating Room, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lina Bai
- Operating Room, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuehong Li
- Nursing Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Garcia-Leon MA, Martin-Tortosa PL, Cambio-Ledesma A, Caparros-Gonzalez RA. The COVID-19 Pandemic and Psychopathological symptoms in pregnant women in Spain. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2023; 41:503-515. [PMID: 35261321 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2022.2047623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women are exposed to potentially harmful stressors that might affect their health. The direct consequences that SARS-CoV-2 may have on perinatal mental health are still unknown. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychopathological symptoms in a sample of Spanish pregnant women. METHODS A sample of 186 pregnant women was assessed using the revised Symptoms Check List-90 during the first lockdown in Spain. RESULTS The results showed clinical scores on the obsession and compulsion, anxiety and phobic anxiety subscales, as well as on the severity indexes. Phobic anxiety was the only variable that was inversely correlated with age and the number of previous miscarriages. A linear regression model showed that age was inversely associated with phobic anxiety scores. A younger age was associated with higher levels of phobic anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that younger pregnant women and women in the first trimester of pregnancy were more vulnerable to the effects of stress and concerns about COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angeles Garcia-Leon
- FIDMAG Sisters Hospitallers Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Rafael A Caparros-Gonzalez
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
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Corno G, Villani D, de Montigny F, Pierce T, Bouchard S, Molgora S. The role of perceived social support on pregnant women's mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2023; 41:488-502. [PMID: 35196188 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2022.2042799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed at investigating which sources of social support best account for pregnant women's levels of psychological distress and mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS 274 Italian and Canadian expectant mothers completed an online-based survey including measures of perceived social support (from family, significant other and friends), state anxiety, depressive symptoms, and satisfaction with life. Correlation analyses and amultivariate analysis of covariance were performed to explore how social support from different sources was related to depressive symptoms, state anxiety and satisfaction with life. RESULTS Different sources of social support contributed to explaining women's psychological distress and mental well-being. Social support both from family and friends was significantly related to women's state anxiety and depressive symptoms. Social support from friends was specifically related to women's satisfaction with life. CONCLUSION Our findings endorse the crucial role of perceived social support as a protective factor for pregnant women's mental health. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, our results suggest that support from family seems important in preventing psychological distress, whereas support from friends is also associated with mental well-being. These results may help designing future interventions aimed at improving women's perinatal mental health in life-threatening conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Corno
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | - Daniela Villani
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Francine de Montigny
- Department of Nursey Sciences, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | - Tamarha Pierce
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bouchard
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | - Sara Molgora
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
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White LK, Himes MM, Waller R, Njoroge WFM, Chaiyachati BH, Barzilay R, Kornfield SL, Burris HH, Seidlitz J, Parish-Morris J, Brady RG, Gerstein ED, Laney N, Gur RE, Duncan AF. The Influence of Pandemic-Related Worries During Pregnancy on Child Development at 12 Months. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01605-x. [PMID: 37805964 PMCID: PMC10999505 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been linked to increased risk for perinatal anxiety and depression among parents, as well as negative consequences for child development. Less is known about how worries arising from the pandemic during pregnancy are related to later child development, nor if resilience factors buffer negative consequences. The current study addresses this question in a prospective longitudinal design. Data was collected from a sub-study (n = 184) of a longitudinal study of pregnant individuals (total n = 1173). During pregnancy (April 17-July 8, 2020) and the early postpartum period (August 11, 2020-March 2, 2021), participants completed online surveys. At 12 months postpartum (June 17, 2021-March 23, 2022), participants completed online surveys and a virtual laboratory visit, which included parent-child interaction tasks. We found more pregnancy-specific pandemic worries were prospectively related to lower levels of child socioemotional development based on parent report (B = - 1.13, SE = .43, p = .007) and observer ratings (B = - 0.13, SE = .07, p = .045), but not to parent-reported general developmental milestones. Parental emotion regulation in the early postpartum period moderated the association between pregnancy-specific pandemic worries and child socioemotional development such that pregnancy-specific pandemic worries did not relate to worse child socioemotional development among parents with high (B = - .02, SE = .10, t = - .14, p = .89) levels of emotion regulation. Findings suggest the negative consequences of parental worry and distress during pregnancy on the early socioemotional development of children in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results highlight that parental emotion regulation may represent a target for intervention to promote parental resilience and support optimized child development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K White
- Lifespan Brain Institute, 3400 Spruce St. 10th floor, Gates Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Megan M Himes
- Lifespan Brain Institute, 3400 Spruce St. 10th floor, Gates Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Rebecca Waller
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wanjikũ F M Njoroge
- Lifespan Brain Institute, 3400 Spruce St. 10th floor, Gates Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Policy Lab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Barbara H Chaiyachati
- Lifespan Brain Institute, 3400 Spruce St. 10th floor, Gates Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Policy Lab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ran Barzilay
- Lifespan Brain Institute, 3400 Spruce St. 10th floor, Gates Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sara L Kornfield
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, Penn Center for Women's Behavioral Wellness, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Heather H Burris
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jakob Seidlitz
- Lifespan Brain Institute, 3400 Spruce St. 10th floor, Gates Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Julia Parish-Morris
- Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca G Brady
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emily D Gerstein
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 325 Stadler Hall, 1 University Blvd., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nina Laney
- Lifespan Brain Institute, 3400 Spruce St. 10th floor, Gates Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Lifespan Brain Institute, 3400 Spruce St. 10th floor, Gates Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrea F Duncan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Howard A, Wang S, Adachi J, Yadama A, Bhat A. Facilitators of and barriers to perinatal telepsychiatry care: a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071084. [PMID: 37802623 PMCID: PMC10565296 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Perinatal mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression and bipolar disorder can negatively impact the health of women and their children without appropriate detection and treatment. Due to increases in mental health symptoms and transmission risks associated with in-person appointments, many clinics transitioned to providing telepsychiatry care during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study sought to identify the facilitators and barriers to receiving perinatal telepsychiatry care from the perspective of patients, clinic staff and psychiatrists. DESIGN Qualitative study based on analysis of in depth semistructured interviews. SETTING The study was conducted in a virtual specialty mental health clinic in an academic setting. PARTICIPANTS Eight patients who had been scheduled for an appointment with the perinatal telepsychiatry clinic between 14 May 2021 and 1 August 2021, seven of whom had attended their scheduled appointment with the clinic and one of whom had not, and five staff members including psychiatrists, navigators and clinic managers, participated in in-depth interviews. RESULTS Telepsychiatry was perceived by most as preferable to in-person care and easy to attend and navigate. Alternatively, technological difficulties, personal preference for in-person care and scheduling conflicts related to the perinatal period were identified as barriers by some. Participants identified communication between care staff and patients, online patient portals, and appointment reminders as important for facilitating appointment preparedness and attendance. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study suggest that telepsychiatry services are perceived positively by patients and care staff and have the potential to improve access to mental healthcare for perinatal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Howard
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sunny Wang
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jamie Adachi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alexa Yadama
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Amritha Bhat
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Abbasoglu A, Varnali H, Tekindal MA, Pala HG. Being a Mother under the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: Evaluation of Perinatal Anxiety, Prenatal Attachment, and Maternal-Infant Attachment. Am J Perinatol 2023; 40:1602-1610. [PMID: 35750316 DOI: 10.1055/a-1884-1260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused both physical and emotional stress throughout the population due to its worldwide impact. The unknowns about the disease, social isolation, pregnant women's concerns regarding exposure to the COVID-19, inaccessibility to necessary care, and the possibility of harm to their fetus may cause increased psychological distress during the perinatal period. We aimed to evaluate the association between perinatal anxiety, prenatal attachment, and maternal-infant attachment status among women with those who delivered their child in a tertiary-care center with rigid hospital restrictions. STUDY DESIGN Term pregnant women who experienced the last trimester of their pregnancy during COVID-19 curfews between December 2020 and May 2021 were asked specifically about their concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic and they filled out the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) and the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI). Those who continued the follow-up within a month of period following the delivery were invited to fill out the Maternal Attachment Inventory (MAI). RESULTS A total of 600 women completed the survey. While the evaluation of the relationship between participants' mean PAI and MAI scores showed a statistically significant positive correlation between scales (r = 0.124, p = 0.002), mean PAI and PASS scores showed a statistically significant negative correlation between scale scores (r = - 0.137, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Examining the factors, affecting the attachment process of pregnant and puerperal women, will guide the improvement of the quality of health services in the COVID-19 pandemic. KEY POINTS · COVID-19 caused psychological distress, with increased anxiety among perinatal women.. · Elevated levels of anxiety about COVID-19 during pregnancy may lead to insecure attachment.. · Insecure attachment in the prenatal period will negatively contribute to mother - infant attachment..
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslihan Abbasoglu
- Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Katip Celebi University, Balatcik Mahallesi, Turkey
| | - Hayriye Varnali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Konak/İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa A Tekindal
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Katip Celebi University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Halil G Pala
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Konak/İzmir, Turkey
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Hipwell AE, Tung I, Sherlock P, Tang X, McKee K, McGrath M, Alshawabkeh A, Bastain T, Breton CV, Cowell W, Dabelea D, Duarte CS, Dunlop AL, Ferrera A, Herbstman JB, Hockett CW, Karagas MR, Keenan K, Krafty RT, Monk C, Nozadi SS, O'Connor TG, Oken E, Osmundson SS, Schantz S, Wright R, Comstock SS. Impact of sedentary behavior and emotional support on prenatal psychological distress and birth outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Med 2023; 53:6792-6805. [PMID: 36883203 PMCID: PMC10485176 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have reported mixed findings regarding the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on pregnant women and birth outcomes. This study used a quasi-experimental design to account for potential confounding by sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS Data were drawn from 16 prenatal cohorts participating in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program. Women exposed to the pandemic (delivered between 12 March 2020 and 30 May 2021) (n = 501) were propensity-score matched on maternal age, race and ethnicity, and child assigned sex at birth with 501 women who delivered before 11 March 2020. Participants reported on perceived stress, depressive symptoms, sedentary behavior, and emotional support during pregnancy. Infant gestational age (GA) at birth and birthweight were gathered from medical record abstraction or maternal report. RESULTS After adjusting for propensity matching and covariates (maternal education, public assistance, employment status, prepregnancy body mass index), results showed a small effect of pandemic exposure on shorter GA at birth, but no effect on birthweight adjusted for GA. Women who were pregnant during the pandemic reported higher levels of prenatal stress and depressive symptoms, but neither mediated the association between pandemic exposure and GA. Sedentary behavior and emotional support were each associated with prenatal stress and depressive symptoms in opposite directions, but no moderation effects were revealed. CONCLUSIONS There was no strong evidence for an association between pandemic exposure and adverse birth outcomes. Furthermore, results highlight the importance of reducing maternal sedentary behavior and encouraging emotional support for optimizing maternal health regardless of pandemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison E. Hipwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Irene Tung
- Department of Psychology, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, USA
| | - Phillip Sherlock
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaodan Tang
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kim McKee
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Monica McGrath
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Tracy Bastain
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carrie V. Breton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Whitney Cowell
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Anne L. Dunlop
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Assiamira Ferrera
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Julie B. Herbstman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christine W. Hockett
- Department of Pediatrics, Avera Research Institute, South Dakota School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Kate Keenan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert T. Krafty
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Catherine Monk
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara S. Nozadi
- Community Environmental Health Program, Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Thomas G. O'Connor
- Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, Neuroscience, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah S. Osmundson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Susan Schantz
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Merriman B, Jarmoc G, van der Rijn M, Pierre-Joseph N. Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health and Resiliency of Pregnant and Parenting Adolescents and Young Adults: A Qualitative Study. J Pediatr Health Care 2023; 37:484-491. [PMID: 36973102 PMCID: PMC10008786 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to understand the impacts the COVID-19 pandemic has on the mental health and well-being of pregnant and parenting adolescents and young adults (AYA) to identify unique challenges they faced. METHOD Pregnant and parenting AYA from a teen and tot program at a safety-net hospital in the northeast participated in semistructured qualitative interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded. Analysis was conducted using modified grounded theory and content analysis. RESULTS Fifteen pregnant and parenting AYA participated in interviews. Participants were aged 19-28 years (mean age, 22.6). Participants reported adverse mental health experiences, namely increased loneliness, depression, and anxiety, engagement in preventive measures to protect their children's health, positive attitudes toward telemedicine because of efficiency and safety, delayed attainment of personal and professional goals, and increased attitudes of resilience. DISCUSSION Health care professionals should offer expanded screening and support resources to pregnant and parenting AYA during this time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgette Merriman
- Bridgette Merriman, Medical Student, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Grace Jarmoc
- Grace Jarmoc, Medical Student, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA.
| | - Madeleine van der Rijn
- Madeleine van der Rijn, Medical Student, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Natalie Pierre-Joseph
- Natalie Pierre-Joseph, Clinical Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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Thibaut F, ELNahas G. Women's Mental Health and Lessons Learnt from the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2023; 46:415-426. [PMID: 37500241 PMCID: PMC10110924 DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Women are at the highest risk of pandemic adversities as they represent the majority of health and frontline workers in addition to their essential roles at home. We review gender differences during the COVID-19 pandemic by demonstrating risk-exposure during specific situations such as pregnancy, women's mental health fallouts, COVID-19 disease itself and exposure to different forms of violence. We discuss the particularities that women face in developing countries with depicted examples from some countries in Africa and the Middle East. Women mental health care service stands out as an essential component of the national response to pandemics. Women's integration and leadership in the national pandemic response planning is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Thibaut
- University Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM U1266 Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, University Hospital Cochin (Site Tarnier), AP-HP.
| | - Gihan ELNahas
- NeuroPsychiatry Department Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt
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Wiley KS, Fox MM, Gildner TE, Thayer ZM. A longitudinal study of how women's prenatal and postnatal concerns related to the COVID-19 pandemic predicts their infants' social-emotional development. Child Dev 2023; 94:1356-1367. [PMID: 37068183 PMCID: PMC10524379 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Infant social-emotional development may be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated associations between maternal pre- and postnatal pandemic-related concerns and social-emotional developmental risk. Data, collected in 2020-2021, came from 220 mothers (87% white, 6% Hispanic, 1% Black, 3% Asian, 1% American Indian, Mage = 32.46 years), and infants (53.18% male, Mage = 12.98 months) in the United States. Maternal postnatal pandemic-related concerns were associated with total risk scores (B = 6.09, p-value <.001) and offspring risk of scoring positive for problems related to inflexibility (B = 4.07, p-value = .006). The total score association was moderated by self-reported social support. Infants may be detrimentally impacted by the pandemic via maternal pandemic-related concerns. Maternal social support may buffer infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle S. Wiley
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los
Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Molly M. Fox
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los
Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences,
University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Theresa E. Gildner
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St.
Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Zaneta M. Thayer
- Department of Anthropology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New
Hampshire, USA
- Ecology, Evolution, Environment & Society Program,
Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
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López-Morales H, Canet-Juric L, Del-Valle MV, Sosa JM, López MC, Urquijo S. Prenatal anxiety during the pandemic context is related to neurodevelopment of 6-month-old babies. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:4213-4226. [PMID: 37452845 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05112-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal anxiety and depression in pandemic context could introduce changes in the fetal developmental trajectories that, ultimately, could alter the adaptive behaviors of the offspring, potentially affecting, for example, general neurodevelopment. The sample consisted of 105 mother-child dyads, recruited between March and May 2020. The dyads were evaluated longitudinally, prenatally and postnatally (6 months). The Pandemic Impact Questionnaire, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Beck-II Depression Inventory were used to assess indicators of maternal anxiety and depression, respectively. Regarding the babies, their mothers responded to Age and Stages: 3, which assesses different dimensions of early neurodevelopment, in addition to a closed questionnaire to identify sociodemographic and maternal and child health variables. A series of mediation models were tested to examine the association between prenatal psychopathology/negative experiences of the pandemic and neurodevelopment. The results indicated that the negative experiences of the pandemic were indirectly associated with the socio-individual and fine motor neurodevelopment of the offspring, through maternal anxiety symptoms, during the third trimester, which functioned as a mediator. Conclusions: This study provides evidence on the mediating effects of maternal anxiety on infant neurodevelopment in contexts of early adversity. It is important to point out the need to implement public health policies that allow a timely evaluation of neurodevelopmental variables during early childhood, which can implement early interventions to reduce the risks associated with these deficits. What is Known: • Effects of maternal mental health have been reported, effects on child neurodevelopment, in motor, cognitive, linguistic and socio-emotional dimensions. • Contexts of early adversity have been associated with maternal mental health and offspring development. What is New: • The context of pandemic adversity caused by COVID-19 is associated with motor and socio-individual neurodevelopment, mediated by maternal prenatal anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán López-Morales
- Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT), Mar del Plata, Argentina.
- Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Mar del Plata, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - Lorena Canet-Juric
- Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT), Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Macarena Verónica Del-Valle
- Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT), Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Mariel Sosa
- Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT), Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Marcela Carolina López
- Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT), Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Urquijo
- Instituto de Psicología Básica Aplicada y Tecnología (IPSIBAT), Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Mendez Y, Alpuing Radilla LA, Delgadillo Chabolla LE, Castillo Cruz A, Luna J, Surani S. Gestational diabetes mellitus and COVID-19: The epidemic during the pandemic. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1178-1193. [PMID: 37664480 PMCID: PMC10473953 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i8.1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
During the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, people worldwide have experienced an unprecedented rise in psychological distress and anxiety. In addition to this challenging situation, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), a hidden epidemic, has been steadily increasing in recent years. Lower-middle-income countries have faced significant barriers in providing accessible prenatal care and promoting a healthy diet for pregnant women, and the pandemic has made these challenges even more difficult to overcome. Pregnant women are at a higher risk of developing complications such as hyper-tension, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes, all of which can have adverse implications for both maternal and fetal health. The occurrence of gestational diabetes has been on the rise, and it is possible that the pandemic has worsened its prevalence. Although data is limited, studies conducted in Italy and Canada suggest that the pandemic has had an impact on gestational diabetes rates, especially among women in their first trimester of pregnancy. The significant disruptions to daily routines caused by the pandemic, such as limited exercise options, indicate a possible link between COVID-19 and an increased likelihood of experiencing higher levels of weight gain during pregnancy. Notably, individuals in the United States with singleton pregnancies are at a significantly higher risk of excessive gestational weight gain, making this association particularly important to consider. Although comprehensive data is currently lacking, it is important for clinical researchers to explore the possibility of establishing correlations between the stress experienced during the pandemic, its consequences such as gestational gain weight, and the increasing incidence of gestational DM. This knowledge would contribute to better preventive measures and support for pregnant individuals during challenging times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamely Mendez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Linda A Alpuing Radilla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | | | - Alejandra Castillo Cruz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Johanan Luna
- Department of Medicine, Xochicalco University, Mexicali 21376, BC, Mexico
- Department of Medicine, Mt. Olympus Medical Research, Sugarland, TX 77479, United States
| | - Salim Surani
- Department of Medicine & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
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Folayan MO, Ibigbami O, El Tantawi M, Aly NM, Zuñiga RAA, Abeldaño GF, Ara E, Ellakany P, Gaffar B, Al-Khanati NM, Idigbe I, Ishabiyi AO, Khan ATA, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Lusher J, Nzimande NP, Popoola BO, Quadri MFA, Roque M, Okeibunor JC, Brown B, Nguyen AL. Associations between mental health challenges, sexual activity, alcohol consumption, use of other psychoactive substances and use of COVID-19 preventive measures during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic by adults in Nigeria. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1506. [PMID: 37559049 PMCID: PMC10410824 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16440-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to assess: 1) the associations among sexual activity, alcohol consumption, use of other psychoactive substances and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic; and 2) the associations between COVID-19 preventive measures, alcohol consumption and use of psychoactive substances. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of data collected from adults in Nigeria between July and December 2020. The variables extracted included change in sexual activity, alcohol consumption and use of other psychoactive substances, COVID-19 preventive behaviors (wearing face masks, washing hands, physical distancing), anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and sociodemographic variables (age, sex, education, HIV status, employment status). Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted. A model was run to regress depression, anxiety, PTSD, increased alcohol consumption, and increased use of other psychoactive substances, on increased sexual activity. In separate models, anxiety, depression, and PTSD were regressed on increased alcohol consumption and on increased use of other psychoactive substances. Finally, three models were constructed to determine the associations between increased alcohol consumption and increased use of other psychoactive substances on three separate COVID-19 preventive behaviors. All models were adjusted for sociodemographic variables. RESULTS Increased alcohol consumption (AOR:2.19) and increased use of other psychoactive substances (AOR: 3.71) were significantly associated with higher odds of increased sexual activity. Depression was associated with significantly higher odds of increased alcohol consumption (AOR:1.71) and increased use of other psychoactive substances (AOR:3.21). Increased alcohol consumption was associated with significantly lower odds of physical distancing (AOR:0.59). CONCLUSION There was a complex inter-relationship between mental health, sexual health, increased use of psychoactive substances. The consumption of alcohol also affected compliance with physical distancing. Further studies are needed to understand the observed relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Faculty of Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | | | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Psychology, Government College for Women, Moulana Azad Road Srinagar Kashmir (Jammu and Kashmir), Srinagar, 190001, India
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- College of Dentistry, Substitutive Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ifeoma Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Anthonia Omotola Ishabiyi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Sociology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Provost's Group, Regent's University London, London, UK
| | - Ntombifuthi P Nzimande
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Economic and Human Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, University of Szeged, 6722, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bamidele Olubukola Popoola
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Division of Dental Public Health, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Roque
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Maternity and Childhood Department, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- WHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, BP 06, Congo
| | - Brandon Brown
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Social Medicine, Population and Public Health, Riverside School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Yang H, Pan Y, Chen W, Yang X, Liu B, Yuan N, Zhang X. Prevalence of and relevant factors for depression and anxiety symptoms among pregnant women on the eastern seaboard of China in the post-COVID-19 era: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:564. [PMID: 37550657 PMCID: PMC10405434 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antenatal depression and anxiety symptoms may have negative consequences for both mothers and offspring, and upward trends in the prevalence of these symptoms were especially apparent during the COVID-19 epidemic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of and relevant factors influencing depressive and anxiety symptoms in Chinese pregnant women in the post-COVID-19 era. METHODS We conducted an online survey of 1,963 pregnant women in Jiangsu Province, using a cross-sectional design, and collected their general demographic data. The nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used to evaluate depression symptoms, and the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) was used to measure anxiety symptoms. RESULTS The prevalence of reported antenatal depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and depression combined with anxiety symptoms was 25.2%, 27.9%, and 18.6%, respectively. Of the respondents, the prevalence of moderate to severe depression, and anxiety was 7.9% and 7.7%, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age, low level of education, rural area, unemployment, pregnancy complications, poor marital relationship, and fair household income were positively association with both depressive and anxiety symptoms (all P < 0.05). The proportion of women reporting anxiety symptoms in the third trimester was 1.91-fold higher than in first trimester. Parity was a relevant factor for depression and anxiety symptoms (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In the post-COVID-19 era, the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms in pregnant women was higher than expected, and it is vital to establish hospital, community, and family psychological health screening systems based on relevant factors and enhance early preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, P.R. China
| | - Wanming Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, P.R. China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Hui Long Guan Hospital, Peking University Hui Long Guan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, 100096, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, P.R. China
| | - Nian Yuan
- Science and Education Section, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, P.R. China.
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Lantigua-Martinez M, Trostle ME, Torres AM, Rajeev P, Dennis A, Silverstein JS, Talib M. Perinatal depression before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City. AJOG GLOBAL REPORTS 2023; 3:100253. [PMID: 37560009 PMCID: PMC10407240 DOI: 10.1016/j.xagr.2023.100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quarantining and isolation during previous pandemics have been associated with higher levels of depression symptomatology. Studies in other countries found elevated rates of anxiety and/or depression among pregnant people during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with prepandemic rates. New York City was the initial epicenter of the pandemic in the United States, and the effects of the pandemic on perinatal depression in this population are not well known. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the rates of perinatal depression before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. STUDY DESIGN This is a single-center retrospective cohort study of patients screened for perinatal depression with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 2 private academic practices in New York City. This screen is done in these practices at the time of the glucose challenge test and at the postpartum visit. Patients aged ≥18 years who completed a screen at a postpartum visit and/or glucose challenge test from February 1, 2019 to July 31, 2019 and from February 1, 2020 to July 31, 2020 were identified, and the 2019 and 2020 groups were compared. The primary outcome was a positive screen, defined as ≥13 and ≥15 for postnatal and prenatal screens, respectively. Secondary outcomes included monthly changes in rates of positive screens and factors associated with perinatal depression. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square, or Fisher exact test, and univariate and multivariate analyses with P<.05 defined as significant. RESULTS A total of 1366 records met the inclusion criteria; 75% of the prepandemic (2019) records were included, as opposed to 65% of pandemic (2020) records due to a lower screen completion rate in the pandemic cohort. The 2020 cohort had a higher proportion of Hispanic patients (P=.003) and higher rates of diabetes mellitus (P=.007), preterm labor (P=.03), and current or former drug use (P<.001). The 2019 cohort had higher rates of hypertension (P=.002) and breastfeeding (P=.03); 4.6% of the 2020 cohort had a suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. There was no difference in perinatal depression between the 2019 and 2020 cohorts (2.8% vs 2.6%; P>.99). This finding persisted after adjusting for baseline differences (adjusted odds ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.38-1.86; P=.76). There were no differences in rates of positive Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale by month. Several risk factors were associated with a positive screen, including being unmarried (P<.001), pulmonary disease (P=.02), depression (P<.001), anxiety (P=.01), bipolar disorder (P=.009), and use of anxiolytics (P=.04). CONCLUSION There were no differences in the rates of perinatal depression between the periods before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The rate of perinatal depression in this cohort was below the reported averages in the literature. Fewer women were screened for perinatal depression in 2020, which likely underestimated the prevalence of depression in our cohort. These findings highlight potential gaps in care in a pandemic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meralis Lantigua-Martinez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Langone Health (Drs Lantigua-Martinez, Melendez Torres, and Talib), New York, NY
| | - Megan E. Trostle
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Langone Health (Drs Trostle and Silverstein), New York, NY
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Luke's University Hospital (Dr Trostle), Bethlehem, PA
| | - Anthony Melendez Torres
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Langone Health (Drs Lantigua-Martinez, Melendez Torres, and Talib), New York, NY
| | - Pournami Rajeev
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine (Mses Rajeev and Dennis), New York, NY
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Ms Rajeev), New York, NY
| | - Alyson Dennis
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine (Mses Rajeev and Dennis), New York, NY
| | - Jenna S. Silverstein
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Langone Health (Drs Trostle and Silverstein), New York, NY
| | - Mahino Talib
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Langone Health (Drs Lantigua-Martinez, Melendez Torres, and Talib), New York, NY
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Egloff C, Roques P, Picone O. Impact of COVID-19 on pregnant women's health: Consequences in obstetrics two years after the pandemic. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 158:103981. [PMID: 37390631 PMCID: PMC10266984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic linked to SARS-CoV-2 has profoundly disrupted the health systems and many studies have led to a better understanding of this virus, which is responsible for severe disease, particularly during pregnancy. Pregnancy is a risk factor for severe COVID-19. Term of pregnancy and vaccination status is the main risk factor in addition to classic comorbidities like general population. COVID-19 during pregnancy is responsible for more maternal death, stillbirth, pre-eclampsia spontaneous and induced prematurity. Vaccination is therefore strongly recommended for pregnant patients. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted a psychological and social dimension that should not be neglected in the management of a pregnant patient. Correlation between immunological changes and clinical impact are described in this review. Many conclusions can now be made and are summarized in this article in order to discuss possible future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Egloff
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Louis Mourier, AP-HP, Université de Paris, France.
| | - Pierre Roques
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases, (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Guinée, Conakry, Guinea.
| | - Olivier Picone
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Louis Mourier, AP-HP, Université de Paris, France; IAME Inserm, U1137, Paris, France; Groupe de Recherche Contre Les Infections au Cours de la Grossesse(GRIG), Velizy, France.
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Pearson J, Fréchette-Boilard G, Baudry C, Matte-Gagné C, Bernier A, Lemelin JP, Tarabulsy GM. Prenatal maternal stress during the COVID-19 pandemic and birth outcomes: Is the newborn spared? Infant Behav Dev 2023; 72:101866. [PMID: 37506422 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has generated numerous stressors among the general population, but more specifically in pregnant women because of disruptions in prenatal care and delivery conditions. Studies suggest that prenatal maternal stress increased during the pandemic (Berthelot et al., 2020; Perzow et al., 2021; Tomfohr-Madsen et al., 2021). Considering what is known about the fetal programming potential of prenatal maternal stress, several researchers, early in the pandemic, raised concerns over the significant negative consequences that the pandemic context could have on birth outcomes. Studies comparing birth outcomes during versus before the pandemic suggest a marginal increase in birthweight and a significant decrease in preterm birth (Yang et al., 2022), but individual variations in prenatal maternal stress during the pandemic have received less attention. The objective of the present study is to examine the association between prenatal maternal stress during the COVID-19 pandemic and birth outcomes. During pregnancy, 195 expecting mothers reported on their general and pandemic-related stress. When their child was 6 months old, mothers completed a questionnaire collecting information on birth outcomes (gestational age, birthweight, head circumference and Apgar scores). Hierarchical linear regressions show that none of the maternal prenatal stress variables significantly predicted variations in birth outcomes. Potential pandemic-related protective factors (e.g., changes in life and hygiene habits, rest imposed by lockdowns) and the need to offer support to pregnant women are discussed.
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