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Shahiddoust F, Monazzami AA. Exercise-induced changes in insulin sensitivity, atherogenic index of plasma, and CTRP1/CTRP3 levels: the role of combined and high-intensity interval training in overweight and obese women. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2025; 17:73. [PMID: 40200367 PMCID: PMC11977882 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-025-01123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2025] [Indexed: 04/10/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity, defined as excessive body fat accumulation, is closely linked to an increased risk of metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and insulin resistance. This study investigates the effects of combined training (CT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on insulin sensitivity, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and serum levels of C1q/TNF-related proteins (CTRP1 and CTRP3) in overweight and obese women. METHODS Thirty-three overweight and obese women (aged 18-50 years) were randomly divided into three groups: control (CON, n = 10), HIIT(n = 9), and combined training (CT, n = 10). The HIIT protocol consisted of intervals performed at 100% of maximum aerobic velocity (MAV) and rest intervals at 50% of MAV, with a 30-s work-to-rest ratio. The CT sessions included RT followed by AT. RT comprised seven exercises performed in three sets of 10-16 repetitions at 60-75% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). AT involved running for 15-30 min at 60-75% of heart rate reserve. Subjects trained three times per week. Body composition, biochemical, and functional assessments were conducted 48 h before and after the interventions. RESULTS Body mass index 1.3% and 2% (p = 0.001); TG 1.7%, 1.2% (p = 0.001);LDL 0.93%,0.83% (p = 0.012); HOMA-IR 9.5%,11.7% (p = 0.018); AST 4.2%,11.7% (p = 0.001); ALT 9.3%,10.9% (p = 0.001); 1RM 2.5%, 14.2% (p = 0.001); and maximum oxygen consumption 8%,2.4% (p = 0.001) showed significant improvements in both the HIIT and CT groups,resectively. Additionally, serum levels of CTRP 10.47%,0.34% (p = 0.007); and CTRP3 1.51%,1.53% (p = 0.011) significantly decreased in the HIIT and CT groups,resectively. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that HIIT and CT are effective strategies for improving body composition, lipid profile, glycemic control, liver enzyme levels, and functional capacity. Moreover, both exercise modalities were associated with reduced serum levels of the adipokines CTRP1 and CTRP3, highlighting a potential link between these biomarkers and improvements in body composition, lipid profile, glycemic control, and liver enzyme levels. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered retrospectively in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20241207063967 N1) on 18/01/2025. Access at https:// https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/80615 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shahiddoust
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Monazzami
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Lecce E, Bellini A, Greco G, Martire F, Scotto di Palumbo A, Sacchetti M, Bazzucchi I. Physiological mechanisms of neuromuscular impairment in diabetes-related complications: Can physical exercise help prevent it? J Physiol 2025. [PMID: 39898972 DOI: 10.1113/jp287589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder that progressively induces complications, compromising daily independence. Among these, diabetic neuropathy is particularly prevalent and contributes to substantial neuromuscular impairments in both types 1 and 2 diabetes. This condition leads to structural damage affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, resulting in a significant decline in sensorimotor functions. Alongside neuropathy, diabetic myopathy also contributes to muscle impairment and reduced motor performance, intensifying the neuromuscular decline. Diabetic neuropathy typically implicates neurogenic muscle atrophy, motoneuron loss and clustering of muscle fibres as a result of aberrant denervation-reinervation processes. These complications are associated with compromised neuromuscular junctions, where alterations occur in pre-synaptic vesicles, mitochondrial content and post-synaptic signalling. Neural damage is intensified by chronic hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress, exacerbating vascular dysfunction and reducing oxygen delivery. These complications imply a severe decline in neuromuscular performance, evidenced by reductions in maximal force and power output, rate of force development and muscle endurance. Furthermore, diabetes-related complications are compounded by age-related degenerative changes in long-term patients. Aerobic and resistance training offer promising approaches for managing blood glucose levels and neuromuscular function. Aerobic exercise promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis, supporting metabolic and cardiovascular health. Resistance training primarily enhances neural plasticity, muscle strength and hypertrophy, which are crucial factors for mitigating sarcopenia and preserving functional independence. This topical review examines current evidence on the physiological mechanisms underlying diabetic neuropathy and the potential impact of physical activity in counteracting this decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Lecce
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Bellini
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Greco
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorella Martire
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Scotto di Palumbo
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Sacchetti
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Bazzucchi
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
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Liu J, Kim JH. The effects of nordic walking on the cardiovascular risk factors in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2025; 129:105663. [PMID: 39476525 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/15/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects of Nordic walking on cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly population through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. METHODS Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science through November 2023. Two authors independently assessed heterogeneity in subgroups, performed sensitivity and meta-regression analyses, and extracted data. Outcomes were measured using mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD), each with a corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI). RESULTS A total of 22 studies comprising 1,271 subjects, with an average age of 62.21±7.76 years were included in the meta-analysis. Nordic walking significantly reduced body mass index (MD = -0.67, 95 % CI [-1.12; -0.23], p < 0.01), body weight (MD = -1.76, 95 % CI [-2.91; -0.62], p < 0.01), waist circumference (MD = -2.21, 95 % CI [-4.13; -0.29], p = 0.02), and body fat percentage (MD = -1.54, 95 % CI [-2.61; -0.48], p < 0.01). It also significantly enhanced maximal oxygen consumption (SMD = 0.60, 95 % CI [0.11; 1.10], p < 0.01), and reduced systolic blood pressure (MD = -2.92, 95 % CI [-5.23; -0.60], p < 0.01), low-density lipoprotein (SMD = -0.27, 95 % CI [-0.43; -0.12], p < 0.01), total cholesterol (SMD = -0.20, 95 % CI [-0.35; -0.05], p < 0.01), triglycerides (SMD = -0.30, 95 % CI [-0.47; -0.13], p < 0.01) in older adults, while also improving diastolic blood pressure in people over 65 years of age (MD =-5.26, [-8.79,-1.72], p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Nordic walking mitigates cardiovascular risk factors in older adults and is particularly effective in improving diastolic blood pressure in individuals over 65 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- Major in Sport Science, Division of Sport Industry and Science, College of Performing Arts and Sport, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Kim
- Major in Sport Science, Division of Sport Industry and Science, College of Performing Arts and Sport, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Fu X, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Wen L, Huo W, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Li J, Lu X, Hu F, Zhang M, Hu D. Relationship between trajectory of Chinese visceral adiposity index and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Evidence from the China-PAR project. Diabetes Obes Metab 2025; 27:785-794. [PMID: 39562295 DOI: 10.1111/dom.16074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Revised: 10/28/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/21/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to identify the distinct change trajectories of the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) over time and to investigate their associations with risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 52 394 participants from the prospective project, the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR). The CVAI was calculated using measures of age, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Latent mixture modelling was conducted to fit distinct trajectory patterns. The logistic regression model was applied to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of T2DM with various CVAI trajectory patterns. RESULTS Four distinct CVAI trajectory patterns were identified: low-increasing, moderate-increasing, moderate high-increasing and high-increasing. Compared with low-increasing CVAI, participants with moderate-increasing (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.49-2.00), moderate high-increasing (3.48, 3.01-4.03) and high-increasing CVAI (5.50, 4.67-6.47) had a significantly increased risk of T2DM. Similar trajectory patterns were identified in both men and women. The ORs (95% CI) for moderate-increasing, moderate high-increasing and high-increasing groups were 3.28 (2.56-4.19), 7.85 (6.09-10.13) and 13.21 (9.98-17.49) in women respectively, and 1.20 (0.99-1.45), 2.18 (1.82-2.62) and 3.60 (2.93-4.43) in men respectively, when compared to the low-increasing CVAI group. Further, significant effect modifications for age, smoking and physical activity (all Pinteraction <0.05) were observed in the relationship between CVAI trajectory patterns and T2DM. CONCLUSIONS Initially high and persistently elevated CVAI is significantly associated with an increased risk of T2DM, with a particular focus on women, younger people, nonsmokers and physically inactive individuals. Continuous monitoring of CVAI levels will benefit effective identification, early intervention and management of individuals at high risk of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueru Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Remodeling and Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liuding Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fulan Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Remodeling and Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
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Lopatin T, Borngesser B, Haworth J. Cross-cutting effect of type 2 diabetes on the sensorimotor control of balance. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2025; 5:1441947. [PMID: 39845776 PMCID: PMC11750827 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2024.1441947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2025]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes is a highly prevalent chronic disorder that affects multiple systems through microvascular complications. Complications such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic vestibular dysfunction (vestibulopathy) all directly interfere with the sensory components of balance and postural stability. The resulting impairments cause increased falls risk and instability, making it difficult to perform daily task or exercise. This commentary will provide clarity on the causes and relationship between the sensory complications of T2D, balance, and excise, while also providing recommendations and precautions for exercising with one of these sensory complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joshua Haworth
- Department of Human Movement Science, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, United States
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Alivaisi E, Amini S, Haghani K, Ghaneialvar H, Keshavarzi F. Comparative effects of metformin and varying intensities of exercise on miR-133a expression in diabetic rats: Insights from machine learning analysis. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 40:101882. [PMID: 39649797 PMCID: PMC11625223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 11/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of metformin, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and moderate-intensity continuous training (MCT) on miR-133a expression in a diabetic rat model. miR-133a, a microRNA associated with skeletal muscle insulin resistance, served as a key indicator of treatment efficacy. Diabetic rats exhibited elevated miR-133a levels compared to healthy controls. Both HIIT and MCT, alone and in combination with metformin, significantly reduced miR-133a expression. Importantly, the combination of HIIT and metformin demonstrated the most potent effect, reducing miR-133a levels more than other treatments. We used the CatBoost algorithm to develop a predictive model for miR-133a expression based on metabolic parameters. The model accurately predicted miR-133a levels using body weight, blood glucose, insulin levels, and cholesterol metrics. The findings suggest a potential clinical strategy combining metformin and exercise, with miR-133a potentially serving as a biomarker for personalized diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Alivaisi
- Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sabrieh Amini
- Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Karimeh Haghani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Hori Ghaneialvar
- Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Keshavarzi
- Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
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Horwitz SD, Millstein RA, McCarthy MD, Vanderweit R, Fernandez J, Hernandez AR, Wilson V, Maggiolo N, Collins E, Hirschberg R, Cefalo P, Sylvia LG. The Feasibility and Efficacy of Warrior Health and Fitness: A 3-Month Fitness and Nutrition Program for Veterans. Mil Med 2024; 189:e2515-e2522. [PMID: 38739476 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usae185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Veterans are at risk for mental and physical health problems but may not seek traditional health care services. Wellness-based interventions, including exercise and nutrition, have been associated with improvements in physical and mental health among this population. This study explores the acceptability, feasibility, and efficacy of a 3-month health and fitness program for veterans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants in 2 time-based cohorts from 2019 to 2023 (cohort 1: n = 261; cohort 2: n = 256) were cleared by a physician to participate. Participants then completed a fitness test and self-reported surveys (e.g., quality of life, sleep, and pain) before and after the 3-month program. Participants were recruited to participate at one of three sites: Boston, MA Fort Myers, FL, or Tampa, FL. The 3-month program consisted of weekly, supervised group fitness and one-on-one sessions, nutritional consultations, yoga, and other wellness activities. Primary program outcomes were measured by fitness assessments, self-report surveys, program completion, and program satisfaction. Fitness assessments included measures of weight, body mass index, grip strength, waist to hip ratio, body fat, lean mass, fat mass, heart rate, and blood pressure (BP). Self-report measures included quality of life, depression, loneliness, sleep quality, pain intensity, and pain interference. RESULTS In cohort 1, significant improvements were found for measures of weight (P = .01), left-handed grip strength (P < .01), body fat percent (P < .01), and quality of life (P < .01). In cohort 2, significant improvements were found for measures of waist:hip ratio (P = .02), right and left-handed grip strength (P < .01), body mass index (P = .02), body fat percent (P < .01), and quality of life (P = .02). For both cohorts, pain intensity (cohort 1: P = .01, cohort 2: P < .001) and pain interference (cohort 1: P = .02, cohort 2: P < .001) increased significantly. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that a 3-month health and fitness program for veterans is acceptable and feasible and may improve physical and mental health outcomes. Considerations for program retention and assessment completion are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah D Horwitz
- Home Base Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rachel A Millstein
- Home Base Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Megan D McCarthy
- Home Base Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ryan Vanderweit
- Home Base Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jaime Fernandez
- Home Base Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Victoria Wilson
- Home Base Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Nicolette Maggiolo
- Home Base Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Emily Collins
- Home Base Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ron Hirschberg
- Home Base Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philip Cefalo
- Home Base Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Louisa G Sylvia
- Home Base Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Chang S, Liu H. Effects of combined resistance training and Tai Chi on oxidative stress, blood glucose and lipid metabolism and quality of life in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Res Sports Med 2024; 32:871-884. [PMID: 38715371 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2024.2349521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of resistance training (RT), Tai Chi (TC) and combination intervention (RT & TC) on the oxidative stress, blood glucose and lipid metabolism and quality of life of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Ninety-four elderly patients with T2DM were randomly divided into an RT group (RTG, n = 23), TC group (TCG, n = 24), combination intervention group (CIG, n = 24) and control group (CG, n = 23). All participants were given nutrition and medication. On this basis, RTG, TCG and CIG were administered for 24 weeks (3 times/week, 40 minutes/time). Observation indicators were malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and diabetes specific quality of life (DSQL). RT, TC and joint intervention can reduce the oxidative stress damage on elderly patients with T2DM to different degrees, control the levels of blood sugar and blood lipid and improve the quality of life. Compared with single intervention, combination intervention can further reduce the level of oxidative stress but has no additional benefits on blood glucose and lipid control and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwan Chang
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Sports Human Science, Sichuan Sports College, Chengdu, China
| | - Heng Liu
- College of Physical Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Duft RG, Bonfante ILP, Palma-Duran SA, Chacon-Mikahil MPT, Griffin JL, Cavaglieri CR. Moderate-intensity Combined Training Induces Lipidomic Changes in Individuals With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:2182-2198. [PMID: 38488044 PMCID: PMC11318996 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Alterations in the lipid metabolism are linked to metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance (IR), obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Regular exercise, particularly combined training (CT), is a well-known nonpharmacological treatment that combines aerobic (AT) and resistance (RT) training benefits. However, it is unclear whether moderate-intensity exercise without dietary intervention induces changes in lipid metabolism to promote a "healthy lipidome." OBJECTIVE The study aimed to investigate the effect of 16 weeks of CT on plasma and white adipose tissue in both sexes, middle-aged individuals with normal weight, obesity (OB), and T2D using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) untargeted lipidomics approach. METHODS Body composition, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), strength, and biochemical markers were evaluated before and after the control/training period and correlated with lipid changes. CT consisted of 8 to 10 RT exercises, followed by 35 minutes of AT (45%-70% VO2max), 3 times a week for 16 weeks. RESULTS The CT significantly reduced the levels of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid side-chains (SFA/MUFA) in sphingolipids, glycerolipids (GL) and glycerophospholipids (GP) as well as reducing fat mass, circumferences and IR. Increased levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in GPs and GLs were also observed, along with increased fat-free mass, VO2 max, and strength (all P < .05) after training. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that 16 weeks of moderate-intensity CT remodeled the lipid metabolism in OB, and T2D individuals, even without dietary intervention, establishing a link between exercise-modulated lipid markers and mechanisms that reduce IR and obesity-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Garbellini Duft
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, 13083-851, São Paulo, Brazil
- The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Ivan Luiz Padilha Bonfante
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, 13083-851, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Susana Alejandra Palma-Duran
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Food Science, Research Centre in Food and Development AC, Hermosillo, 83304, Mexico
| | | | - Julian Leether Griffin
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Cláudia Regina Cavaglieri
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, 13083-851, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang J, Tam WWS, Hounsri K, Kusuyama J, Wu VX. Effectiveness of Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise on Cognition, Metabolic Health, Physical Function, and Health-related Quality of Life in Middle-aged and Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 105:1585-1599. [PMID: 37875170 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of combined aerobic and resistance exercise on cognition, metabolic health, physical function, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DATA SOURCE AND STUDY SELECTION Systematic search of CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest Dissertation and Thesis, PsycINFO, Web of Science databases, and gray literature from Google Scholar. Pertinent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected. The Protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO CRD42023387336). DATA EXTRACTION The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool by 2 reviewers independently. Outcome data were extracted in a fixed-effect model if heterogeneity test were not significant and I2≤50%; otherwise, the random-effects model was used. DATA SYNTHESIS Sixteen studies with 2426 participants were included in this review. Combined aerobic and resistance exercise had significant positive effects on cognition (SMD=0.34, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.55), metabolic health on HbA1c (SMD=-0.35, 95% CI: -0.48 to -0.22) and lipid profile (total cholesterol SMD=-0.20, 95% CI: -0.34 to -0.07; low-density lipoprotein SMD=-0.19, 95% CI: -0.33 to -0.05; high-density lipoprotein SMD=0.25, 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.39; and triglycerides SMD=-0.18, 95% CI: -0.31 to -0.04), physical function on aerobic oxygen uptake (SMD=0.58, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.95) and body mass index (MD=-1.33, 95% CI: -1.84 to -0.82), and physical HRQoL (MD=4.17, 95% CI: 0.86 to 7.48). Our results showed that clinically important effects on cognition may occur in combining the low-moderate intensity of aerobic exercise and progressive intensity of resistance training, the total duration of the exercise needs to be at least 135 minutes per week, among which, resistance training should be at least 60 minutes. CONCLUSION Combined aerobic and resistance exercise effectively improves cognition, ameliorates metabolic health, enhances physical function, and increases physical HRQoL in middle-aged and older adults with T2DM. More RCTs and longitudinal follow-ups are required to provide future evidence of structured combined aerobic and resistance exercise on other domains of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Zhang
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Clinical Research Centre, Singapore
| | - Wilson Wai San Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Clinical Research Centre, Singapore
| | - Kanokwan Hounsri
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Clinical Research Centre, Singapore
| | - Joji Kusuyama
- Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Vivien Xi Wu
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Clinical Research Centre, Singapore; NUSMED Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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AL-Mhanna SB, Batrakoulis A, Wan Ghazali WS, Mohamed M, Aldayel A, Alhussain MH, Afolabi HA, Wada Y, Gülü M, Elkholi S, Abubakar BD, Rojas-Valverde D. Effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on glycemic control, blood pressure, inflammation, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17525. [PMID: 38887616 PMCID: PMC11182026 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Structured aerobic or resistance training alone seems to be a beneficial tool for improving glucose homeostasis, chronic systemic inflammation, resting cardiovascular function, and mental health in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of the present study was to synthesize the available data on the effectiveness of combined aerobic and resistance training (CART) on glycemic control, blood pressure, inflammation, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and quality of life (QoL) in overweight and obese individuals with T2DM. Methods A database search was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from inception up to May 2023. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess eligible studies, and the GRADE method to evaluate the reliability of evidence. A random-effects model was used, and data were analyzed using standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals. The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (ID: CRD42022355612). Results A total of 21,612 studies were retrieved; 20 studies were included, and data were extracted from 1,192 participants (mean age: 57 ± 7 years) who met the eligibility criteria. CART demonstrated significant improvements in body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, CRF, and QoL compared to ST. These findings highlight the significance of exercise interventions such as CART as essential elements within comprehensive diabetes management strategies, ultimately enhancing overall health outcomes in individuals with T2DM and overweight/obesity.No differences were found in resting heart rate between CART and ST. An uncertain risk of bias and poor quality of evidence were found among the eligible studies. Conclusion These outcomes show clear evidence considering the positive role of CART in inducing beneficial changes in various cardiometabolic and mental health-related indicators in patients with T2DM and concurrent overweight/obesity. More studies with robust methodological design are warranted to examine the dose-response relationship, training parameters configuration, and mechanisms behind these positive adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Badri AL-Mhanna
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Alexios Batrakoulis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Mahaneem Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Abdulaziz Aldayel
- Exercise Physiology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha H. Alhussain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafeez Abiola Afolabi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yusuf Wada
- Department of Zoology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Mehmet Gülü
- Department of Sports Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Safaa Elkholi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Daniel Rojas-Valverde
- Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico en Salud y Deporte, Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia, Costa Rica
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12
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Al-Mhanna SB, Batrakoulis A, Mohamed M, Alkhamees NH, Sheeha BB, Ibrahim ZM, Aldayel A, Muhamad AS, Rahman SA, Afolabi HA, Zulkifli MM, Hafiz Bin Hanafi M, Abubakar BD, Rojas-Valverde D, Ghazali WSW. Home-based circuit training improves blood lipid profile, liver function, musculoskeletal fitness, and health-related quality of life in overweight/obese older adult patients with knee osteoarthritis and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:125. [PMID: 38831437 PMCID: PMC11145895 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is strong evidence showing the association between obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and knee pain resulting from osteoarthritis. Regular exercise has been reported as a foundational piece of the preventive therapy puzzle for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients. Nonetheless, evidence-based exercise protocols for people with comorbidities, such as obesity, T2DM, and KOA are limited. Therefore, the present trial aimed to assess the effectiveness of a 12-week home-based circuit training (HBCT) protocol on various indices related to cardiometabolic health, musculoskeletal fitness, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among overweight/obese older adult patients with KOA and T2DM during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS This is a randomized controlled trial study registered at the National Medical Research Register (ID: RSCH ID-21-01180-KGTNMRR ID-21-02367-FUM) and obtained approval on December 9, 2021. Seventy overweight or obese patients with KOA and T2DM (62.2 ± 6.1 years; 56% female) were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 35, HBCT) or the no-exercise control group (n = 35, CON). HBCT performed a 12-week progressive protocol (seven exercises; 15-30 repetitions per exercise, 1 min passive rest between exercises; 2-4 rounds per session; 20-60 min total session duration). Blood samples were collected, and assays were performed to assess the lipid profile, liver function, and fasting blood glucose (FBG). In addition, the 30-s Chair Stand Test (30CST) was used to evaluate lower body muscular strength and endurance while the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test was used to evaluate lower limb function, mobility, and the risk of falls for all the participants. HRQoL was assessed using the Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life (OAKHQoL). All the assessments were conducted at pre-, mid-, and post-training stages during the application or practice of the exercise protocol, rather than during the training sessions themselves. RESULTS HBCT significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, FBG and knee pain (p < 0.05). Furthermore, HBCT induced meaningful increases in high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), lower body muscular strength, endurance, function, mobility, and HRQoL in overweight/obese older adults with T2DM and KOA (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The present outcomes recommend that an injury-free HBCT program may improve various indicators related to cardiometabolic health, musculoskeletal fitness, and HRQoL in elderly with overweight/obesity, T2DM and KOA. These findings offer valuable insights for clinicians and practitioners seeking evidence-based exercise interventions tailored for patients managing substantial metabolic and musculoskeletal health challenges in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India.
| | - Alexios Batrakoulis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Mahaneem Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nouf H Alkhamees
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bodor Bin Sheeha
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zizi M Ibrahim
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz Aldayel
- Department of Exercise Physiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayu Suzailiana Muhamad
- Exercise and Sports Science Program, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Shaifuzain Ab Rahman
- Department of Orthopaedic, Hospital University Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hafeez Abiola Afolabi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Mohd Zulkifli
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Hafiz Bin Hanafi
- Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Bishir Daku Abubakar
- Department of Human Physiology, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
| | - Daniel Rojas-Valverde
- Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico en Salud y Deporte, Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Wan Syaheedah Wan Ghazali
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Amaravadi SK, Maiya GA, K. V, Shastry BA. Effectiveness of structured exercise program on insulin resistance and quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus-A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302831. [PMID: 38771888 PMCID: PMC11108169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Impaired glucose control & Insulin resistance are reported to be risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. To find the effects of a structured exercise program on insulin resistance, glycaemic control, functional capacity, and quality of life in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. DESIGN Randomized, controlled trial. SETTING Diabetic Foot Clinic, Department of Physiotherapy & Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Hospital in Manipal, Karnataka, India. PARTICIPANTS 160 participants aged between 30-65 years with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. INTERVENTION A set of structured exercise programs (aerobic, resistance, and combined) along with the standard hospital care was performed 3-5 times weekly for 12 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES Fasting Insulin Level, Homa-IR, Six-minute walk test (6MWT), and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire at baseline and 12th week. SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Body composition analysis, Fasting Blood Sugar, Postprandial Blood Sugar, Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c), and GPAQ questionnaire at baseline and 12th week. RESULTS Significant differences have been observed in Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (Homa-IR) (F (1, 144) = 89.29, p < 0.001); Fasting insulin (FI) (F (1, 144) = 129.10, p < 0.001); Fasting blood sugar (FBS) (F (1, 144) = 12.193, p< 0.001); Post prandial blood sugar (PPBS) (F (1, 144) = 53.015, p< 0.001); glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (F (1, 144) = 80.050, p < 0.001); WHOQOL-Physical health (F (1, 144) = 20.008, p< 0.001), Psychological (F (1, 144) = 77.984, p< 0.001), Social relationship (F (1, 144) = 44.866, p< 0.001); Environmental (F (1, 144) = 69.974, p< 0.001); Six minute walk test (6MWT) (F (1, 144) = 84.135, p< 0.001) in the study group when compared with the control group from baseline to 12th week. CONCLUSIONS The study reveals that a 12-week structured exercise training program effectively reduces insulin resistance, improves quality of life, enhances functional capacity, and improves glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampath Kumar Amaravadi
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - G. Arun Maiya
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vaishali K.
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - B. A. Shastry
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Fituri S, Akbar Z, Ganji V. Impact of metformin treatment on cobalamin status in persons with type 2 diabetes. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:553-560. [PMID: 37167532 PMCID: PMC10925902 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, low vitamin B12 status has been reported in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metformin, the first-line therapy for lowering blood glucose, is the main driving factor behind this association. Although the relationship between vitamin B12 deficiency and metformin is well established, results of studies on the exact effect of the dose and duration of the therapy remain inconsistent. Additionally, a lack of consensus on the definition of vitamin B12 deficiency adds to the conflicting literature. The objectives of this review were to analyze and synthesize the findings on the effects of metformin dose and duration on vitamin B12 status in patients with T2DM and to outline the potential mechanisms underlying metformin's effect on vitamin B12. Metformin therapy has adversely affected serum vitamin B12 concentrations, a marker of vitamin B12 status. The metformin usage index (a composite score of metformin dose and duration) might serve as a potential risk assessment tool for vitamin B12 screening in patients with T2DM. Considering the health implications of suboptimal vitamin B12 status, vitamin B12 concentrations should be monitored periodically in high-risk patients, such as vegans who are receiving metformin therapy for T2DM. Additionally, it is prudent to implement lifestyle strategies concurrent with metformin therapy in individuals with T2DM, promoting an overall synergistic effect on their glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Fituri
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zoha Akbar
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Vijay Ganji
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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15
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Kindlovits R, Sousa AC, Viana JL, Milheiro J, Marques F, Teixeira VH. Combined low-carbohydrate diet and long-term exercise in hypoxia in type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial protocol to assess glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors and body composition. Nutr Health 2024; 30:5-13. [PMID: 37499218 PMCID: PMC10924702 DOI: 10.1177/02601060231190663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality associated with diabetes, which is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Low-carbohydrate diet has gained popularity as an intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, acting to improve glycemic profile and serum lipids. In its turn, exercise in hypoxia induces specific adaptations, mostly modulated via hypoxia-induced transcription factor signaling cascade, which increases with exposure to altitude, and promotes angiogenesis, glycogen supply, glucose tolerance, and raises GLUT-4 expression. Aim: Given that hyperglycemia decreases HIF-1α and it is better controlled when following a low-carbohydrate diet, this study aims to examine the hypothesis that a combination of both low-carbohydrate diet and chronic exercise in hypoxia in type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with improved glycemic control and cardiovascular parameters, whose protocol is described. Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 48) will be recruited and randomized into one of the three groups: (a) Control group: Control diet (low-fat and moderate-carbohydrate diet) + exercise in normoxia; (2) exercise in hypoxia group: Control diet + exercise in hypoxia; (3) intervention group: Low-carbohydrate diet (low-carbohydrate and high-fat diet) + exercise in hypoxia. Before and after 8 weeks of interventions, cardiopulmonary tests (Bruce protocol), body composition and blood pressure will be evaluated. Blood samples will be collected to measure hypoxia-induced transcription factor, C-reactive protein, glycemic and lipid profiles. Summary: This will be the first trial to examine the isolated and combined effect of chronic exercise in hypoxia and low-carbohydrate diet in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This trial will help to fill a significant research gap, guide future research and contribute to the combined nutrition and exercise approach to type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Kindlovits
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, FCNAUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C Sousa
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - João L Viana
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | | | - Franklim Marques
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, FFUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vitor H Teixeira
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, FCNAUP, Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, CIAFEL - Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, FADEUP, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, ITR, Porto, Portugal
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16
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Tomaç H, Malkoç M, Angın E. A pilot study of the effects of supervised exercise training on body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, muscle strength and functional capacity in individuals with bariatric surgery. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19032. [PMID: 37649847 PMCID: PMC10462818 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of functional exercise training (FET) and home exercise training (HET) on body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, muscle strength, and functional capacity in individuals with bariatric surgery. The sample of the study included 30 individuals who underwent bariatric surgery. The FET group had functional exercise training consisting of stretching, aerobic, strengthening, and balance exercises assigned by a physiotherapist (n = 15), and the HET group had the same exercises under supervision (n = 15). The training sessions were planned as × 3 per week for a period of 8 weeks. Body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, cardiometabolic risk status, muscle strength, and functional capacity of all individuals were evaluated before and after training. According to the measurements, body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), C-reactive protein, glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk total score, and ten-year cardiovascular percentage risk decreased significantly (p < 0.05), while HDL-C, leg, back, and hand grip strength (right-left), and walking distance increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the FET group. In the HET group, there were significant increases in body fat percentage (BFM %), BFM, and body muscle mass percentage (BMM %) (p < 0.05), while body muscle mass (BMM), right hand grip strength, leg and back muscle strength, and walking distance scores significantly decreased (p < 0.05). It was concluded that personalized and supervised FET has a positive effect on body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, muscle strength, and functional capacity, and it can be recommended as a safe exercise model for bariatric surgery patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayriye Tomaç
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Northern Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Malkoç
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Northern Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Ender Angın
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Northern Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
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Mirghani H, Altedlawi Albalawi I. Metabolic surgery versus usual care effects on diabetes remission: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:31. [PMID: 36829204 PMCID: PMC9951503 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is superior to usual care for diabetes remission. Previous meta-analyses were limited by pooling observational and randomized trials, using various definitions of diabetes remission, and not controlling for various diabetes medications. The current meta-analysis aimed to compare bariatric surgery and usual care regarding the same. METHODS We searched PubMed MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library for relevant articles from the date of the first inception up to February 2023. The keywords diabetes remission, Bariatric surgery, metabolic surgery, lifestyles, usual care, GLIP-1 agonists, insulin use, gastric banding, biliopancreatic diversion, sleeve gastrectomy, and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, were used. A datasheet was used to extract the relevant data. RESULTS Diabetes remission (complete and prolonged) was higher among bariatric surgeries compared to usual care, odd ratio, 0.06, 95 CI, 0.02-0.25 and 0.12, 95 CI, 0.02-0.72, respectively. bariatric surgery patients were younger, had higher HbA1c, odd ratio, - 3.13, 95 CI, - 3.71 to 2.54, and 0.25, 95 CI, 0.02-0.48, respectively, insulin use was higher, and glucagon-like peptide agonists use was lower among bariatric surgery patients, odd ratio, 0.49, 95% CI, 0.24-0.97, and 3.06, 95% CI, 1.44-6.53, respectively. CONCLUSION Bariatric surgery was better than usual care in diabetes remission. Bariatric surgery patients were younger, had higher HbA1c, and received more insulin and lower GLP-1 agonists. No differences were evident regarding body mass index and the duration of diabetes. Further trials comparing the new anti-diabetic medications and different forms of bariatric surgery and controlling for the level of exercise and diet are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyder Mirghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, PO Box 3378, Tabuk, 51941, Saudi Arabia.
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18
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Kindlovits R, Pereira AMDS, Sousa AC, Viana JL, Teixeira VH. Effects of Acute and Chronic Exercise in Hypoxia on Cardiovascular and Glycemic Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review. High Alt Med Biol 2022; 23:301-312. [PMID: 36036723 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2022.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Kindlovits, Raquel, Alberto Mello da Silva Pereira, Ana Catarina Sousa, João Luís Viana,and Vitor Hugo Teixeira. Effects of acute and chronic exercise in hypoxia on cardiovascular and glycemic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. High Alt Med Biol. 23:301-312, 2022. Background: Exercise in hypoxia (EH, decreased oxygen availability) has been proposed as a potential therapeutic intervention to promote angiogenesis and improve glucose metabolism to a greater extent than exercise under normoxia (normal ambient air) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Currently, there are no studies that systematize the existent evidence. This study aims to systematically review the literature and qualitatively evaluate the effects of acute and chronic EH on cardiovascular and glycemic parameters in T2D patients. Methods: A structured search was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines until March 2021, in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) randomized and nonrandomized trials, (2) in complication-free patients with T2D, (3) in which EH was compared with exercise in normoxia or with baseline data, and (4) published in English. Results: Six articles (64 subjects) met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed to data extraction. Four articles investigated the acute effect of EH (33 subjects), and two articles investigated the chronic effect of EH (31 subjects), ranging from 6 to 8 weeks. All studies used a cycle ergometer as exercise. Acute EH benefits insulin sensitivity, blood glucose, vascular endothelial growth factor, and metalloproteinase-9, while chronic EH benefits nitric oxide synthase in erythrocytes, but not brachial artery flow-mediated dilation. Conclusion: Acute EH improves glucose homeostasis in T2D patients, which was not seen with chronic EH. Both acute EH and chronic EH improve angiogenesis regulators, but not vascular function. Despite the putative benefits of EH in patients with T2D, the evidence is still scarce and further research is needed before recommendations can be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Kindlovits
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto (FCNAUP), Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ana Catarina Sousa
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - João Luís Viana
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Vitor Hugo Teixeira
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto (FCNAUP), Porto, Portugal.,Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto (FADEUP), Portugal.,Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
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19
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Gu C, He G, Lin C. EVALUATION OF HIGH LEVELS OF SPORTS ACTIVITY AND THE BENEFICIAL EFFECT ON POSTPRANDIAL BLOOD GLUCOSE PROFILES. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202228052022_127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Hyperglycemia is the principal characteristic component of type 2 diabetes. High blood glucose concentrations for long periods can be countered with postprandial exercise by increasing glucose retention involuntary muscles. However, no research is present on the relationship between exercise time and glucose levels. Objective: This study evaluates the relationship between sports activity and postprandial glycemia levels. Methodology: Forty-five individuals were included in the study, 10 males and 35 females with an age of 27.11±2.8 years; a body fat percentage of 25.02% ±5.04%; and a body mass index of 22.74±4.55 kg/m2. Participants were included via WhatsApp for daily information on postprandial activity levels. WhatsApp messages were forwarded to a total of 2,500 people at different colleges and universities. Out of the total 60 active people (2.40%) who responded, 45 individuals participated in the study. They were divided into three categories based on self-reported postprandial activity: not very active (15), quite active (15), highly active (15). All active individuals completed an oral glucose intake test with blood samples obtained for evaluation at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes post-rest. On a gender basis, the groups could not be associated (P =.057). Results: All active groups showed a remarkable effect on blood glucose level at one hour (P =.031). A mean increase in blood glucose level in the first hour of 1.50 mmol/L was observed for every extra 1.0 mmol/L of standard glycemic amount, on average, women had a higher blood glucose amount of 1.35 mmol/L than men. Conclusion: It can be concluded that a high amount of postprandial activity generates a good outcome on glycemic parameters. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuifeng Gu
- Hebei University of Economics and Business, China
| | - Guojian He
- Hebei University of Economics and Business, China
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20
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Nakhaei H, Nayebifar S, Fanaei H. Decrease in serum asprosin levels following six weeks of spinning and stationary cycling training in overweight women. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2022; 44:21-26. [PMID: 36049225 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Secreted by white adipose tissue, asprosin is a newly recognized adipokine whose physiological function is not well comprehended. This study intended to determine the effect of spinning and stationary cycling on serum asprosin levels in overweight women. METHODS Forty-five overweight women with BMI>25 kg/m2 in the age range of 30-40 years were assigned randomly to three groups of 15 participants: control, spinning (group cycling with music), and stationary bike (individual pedaling on a stationary bike). The participants performed the exercises three sessions per week for six weeks. Lipid profile and asprosin levels were measured by enzymatic and ELISA methods, respectively. Moreover, the paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were employed to make within-group and between-group comparisons, respectively. RESULTS The stationary cycling and spinning exercise groups experienced significant reductions in weight, BMI, serum triglyceride, and asprosin levels from the pretest to the posttest. The control group showed no statistically significant differences. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein only declined in the spinning group. In this regard, neither the control group nor the stationary bicycle exhibited no significant change over time. The spinning group demonstrated a significant rise in high-density lipoprotein levels, which was not observed in the control group. In addition, there was no significant difference in WHR index between the intervention groups. CONCLUSIONS By lowering the serum asprosin level, a spinning exercise program appears to be effective in reducing disorders linked to metabolic diseases in overweight women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Nakhaei
- Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Physical Education, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Shila Nayebifar
- Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Department of Sport Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hamed Fanaei
- Pregnancy Health Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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21
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Keating N, Coveney C, McAuliffe FM, Higgins MF. Aerobic or Resistance Exercise for Improved Glycaemic Control and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10791. [PMID: 36078508 PMCID: PMC9518565 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exercise is often recommended in addition to diet and medication in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Our aim was to determine if strength training compared with aerobic exercise had an impact on glycaemic control, maternal and neonatal outcomes. The Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey were searched. Over 758 pregnant women (mother-baby pairs) from 14 studies are included in this systematic review. Interventions ranged from cycling, aerobic exercises, walking, yoga, or combined aerobic and resistance exercises. Of the studies identified, none directly compared aerobic exercise with strength training. Half of the studies showed benefit in glycaemic control with additional exercise compared with usual physical activity. There was largely no impact on obstetric or neonatal outcomes. Studies on exercise in GDM have reiterated the safety of exercise in pregnancy and shown mixed effects on maternal glycaemic control, with no apparent impact on pregnancy outcomes. The heterogenicity of reported studies make it difficult to make specific recommendations on the optimum exercise modality for the management of GDM. The use of a core outcome set for GDM may improve reporting of studies on the role of exercise in its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Keating
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciara Coveney
- Department of Midwifery, National Maternity Hospital, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary F. Higgins
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland
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22
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Wang D, Zhang X, Li Y, Jia L, Zhai L, Wei W, Zhang L, Jiang H, Bai Y. Exercise-Induced Browning of White Adipose Tissue and Improving Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity in Obese/Non-obese Growing Mice: Do Not Neglect Exosomal miR-27a. Front Nutr 2022; 9:940673. [PMID: 35782940 PMCID: PMC9248804 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.940673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise is considered as a favorable measure to prevent and treat childhood obesity. However, the underlying mechanisms of exercise-induced beneficial effects and the difference between obese and non-obese individuals are largely unclear. Recently, miR-27a is recognized as a central upstream regulator of proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) in contributing to various physiological and pathological processes. This study aims to explore the possible cause of exercise affecting white adipose tissue (WAT) browning and reversing skeletal muscle insulin resistance in obese/non-obese immature bodies. For simulating the process of childhood obesity, juvenile mice were fed with a basal diet or high-fat diet (HFD) and took 1 or 2 h swimming exercise simultaneously for 10 weeks. The obese animal model was induced by the HFD. We found that exercise hindered HFD-induced body fat development in growing mice. Exercise modified glucolipid metabolism parameters differently in the obese/non-obese groups, and the changes of the 2 h exercise mice were not consistent with the 1 h exercise mice. The level of serum exosomal miR-27a in the non-exercise obese group was increased obviously, which was reduced in the exercise obese groups. Results from bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-27a targeted PPAR-γ. Exercise stimulated WAT browning; however, the response of obese WAT lagged behind normal WAT. In the HFD-fed mice, 2 h exercise activated the IRS-1/Akt/GLUT-4 signaling pathway in the skeletal muscles. In summary, our findings confirmed that exercise-induced beneficial effects are associated with exercise duration, and the response of obese and non-obese bodies is different. Exosomal miR-27a might be a crucial node for the process of exercise-induced browning of WAT and improving skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- The Second People’s Hospital of Jiashan, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xihuan Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Xinzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Yibai Li
- The First Division of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lihong Jia
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lingling Zhai
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education and NHC, National Joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongkun Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinglong Bai
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yinglong Bai,
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23
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Amirahmadi M, Salesi M, Yousefi R, Daryanosh F, Nemati J, Kurganov BI. The impact of concurrent training and antioxidant supplementation on the factors associated with the ocular lens opacity in diabetic rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:126-140. [PMID: 31573372 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1668019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The current study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of vitamins C and E (VCE) supplementation, exercise, and their concurrent application against cataract incidence in the diabetic rats. The obtained results indicated that different supplementation and training treatments were capable to preserve the lens transparency in the diabetic rats. Also, upon applying different supplementation and training treatments, the level of glutathione (GSH) and activity of antioxidant enzymes in the diabetic rats was preserved approximately close to their control levels. In addition, different treatments were capable to maintain the structural integrity of the lens proteins in diabetic rats. Moreover, VCE supplementation, exercise and their simultaneous application prevented lens crystallins of diabetic rats against fibrillation and formation of the increased oligomeric sizes. The results of this study signify the importance of antioxidant supplementation and exercise in reducing the detrimental effects of hyperglycemia on the eye lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Amirahmadi
- Department of Sport Sciences, College of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Salesi
- Department of Sport Sciences, College of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Yousefi
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Daryanosh
- Department of Sport Sciences, College of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Javad Nemati
- Department of Sport Sciences, College of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Boris I Kurganov
- Laboratory of Structural Biochemistry of Proteins, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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24
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The 10-week of aerobic-functional training improves fasting blood sugar, insulin resistance, and lipid profile in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A randomized controlled trial. BIOMEDICAL HUMAN KINETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/bhk-2022-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 10-week of combined training course on concentrations of blood sugar, Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and lipid profile in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Materials and methods: This clinical trial was performed in diabetic neuropathy women and men (30–60 years old). Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: exercise (EG; n = 10) and control (CG; n = 10). The EG performed 10-week programme with one session of aerobic exercises (40% to 70% of HRReserve) and one session of functional exercises (60–90 min/ day) at the same day for four days/week and the CG performed their daily activities. The Blood glucose, IR, and lipid profile were measured initially and after the intervention.
Results: Repeated-measures ANOVA showed significant decrease in fasting blood sugar (p < 0.01) and HOMA-IR (p < 0.01), and greater improvements in TG (p < 0.05) and LDL (p < 0.05) in EG than CG, but. HDL concentration did not show significant changes.
Conclusion: The 10-week of aerobic-functional training improves fasting blood sugar, IR, and lipid profile in patients with diabetic neuropathy.
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25
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Beverly EA, Hughes AS, Saunders A. Examination of Health Care Providers' Use of Language in Diabetes Care: A Secondary Qualitative Data Analysis. Clin Diabetes 2022; 40:434-441. [PMID: 36385976 PMCID: PMC9606549 DOI: 10.2337/cd21-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this secondary qualitative data analysis was to assess the frequency and context of stigmatizing language used by health care providers (HCPs). The authors conducted content and thematic analysis of in-depth face-to-face and telephone interviews with HCPs in southeastern Ohio. Participants frequently used labeling language, such as "diabetic" and "noncompliant," as well as language with negative connotations, such as "control," "testing," and "regimen." These findings offer a real-world glimpse of how HCPs communicate about people with diabetes in this region of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Beverly
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
- Ohio University Diabetes Institute, Athens, OH
| | - Allyson S. Hughes
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
- Ohio University Diabetes Institute, Athens, OH
| | - Amy Saunders
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
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26
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Diaz-Garzon J, Fernandez-Calle P, Aarsand AK, Sandberg S, Coskun A, Carobene A, Jonker N, Itkonen O, Bartlett WA, Buno A. Long-term within- and between-subject biological variation of 29 routine laboratory measurands in athletes. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 60:618-628. [PMID: 34800014 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2021-0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Within- and between-subject biological variation (BV) estimates have many applications in laboratory medicine. However, robust high-quality BV estimates are lacking for many populations, such as athletes. This study aimed to deliver BV estimates of 29 routine laboratory measurands derived from a Biological Variation Data Critical Appraisal Checklist compliant design in a population of high-endurance athletes. METHODS Eleven samples per subject were drawn from 30 triathletes monthly, during a whole sport season. Serum samples were measured in duplicate for proteins, liver enzymes, lipids and kidney-related measurands on an Advia2400 (Siemens Healthineers). After outlier and homogeneity analysis, within-subject (CVI) and between-subject (CVG) biological variation estimates were delivered (CV-ANOVA and log-ANOVA, respectively) and a linear mixed model was applied to analyze the effect of exercise and health related variables. RESULTS Most CVI estimates were similar or only slightly higher in athletes compared to those reported for the general population, whereas two- to three-fold increases were observed for amylase, ALT, AST and ALP. No effect of exercise and health related variables were observed on the CVI estimates. For seven measurands, data were not homogeneously distributed and BV estimates were therefore not reported. CONCLUSIONS The observation of higher CVI estimates in athletes than what has been reported for the general population may be related to physiological stress over time caused by the continuous practice of exercise. The BV estimates derived from this study could be applied to athlete populations from disciplines in which they exercise under similar conditions of intensity and duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Diaz-Garzon
- Laboratory Medicine Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Aasne K Aarsand
- Norwegian Porphyria Centre, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (NOKLUS), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sverre Sandberg
- Norwegian Porphyria Centre, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (NOKLUS), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Abdurrahaman Coskun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, School of Medicine, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Anna Carobene
- Laboratory Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Niels Jonker
- Certe, Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis Assen, Assen, The Netherlands
| | - Outi Itkonen
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - William A Bartlett
- Undergraduate Teaching, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Antonio Buno
- Laboratory Medicine Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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27
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Chronic musculoskeletal pain, catastrophizing, and physical function in adult women were improved after 3-month aerobic-resistance circuit training. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14939. [PMID: 34294740 PMCID: PMC8298582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91731-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although exercise is beneficial for chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP), the optimal type and amount of exercise are unclear. This study aimed to determine the impact of circuit training that combines aerobic and resistance exercises on adult women with CMP. A total of 139 women with CMP underwent circuit training for 3 months and were asked to complete the following questionnaires at baseline and 3 months later: Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RDQ), Shoulder36, and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Significant improvements were observed in NRS, PCS, RDQ, and KOOS activities of daily living (ADL) scores after the intervention relative to baseline (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0013, 0.0004, and 0.0295, respectively), whereas shoulder function did not improve. When considering the impact of exercise frequency, NRS scores improved regardless of exercise frequency. Furthermore, PCS, RDQ, and KOOS scores improved in participants who exercised at least twice a week (24 sessions over the course of 3 months). In conclusion, CMP, pain catastrophizing, and physical function in adult female fitness club participants with CMP of NRS 4 or higher improved after 3 months of aerobic-resistance circuit training.
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28
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Behradnasab M, Matinhomaei H, Rasaei MJ. Synergistic effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and intake of nettle on serum levels of chemerin and beta cells function in type 2 diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 19:305-310. [PMID: 34463439 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This animal study aimed to demonstrate the synergistic effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and alcoholic extract of nettle on serum chemerin and beta cells function in type 2 diabetic male rats. METHODS Thirty-two STZ-induced diabetic male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups including the control group, the supplemented group with 200 mg/day of nettle, the training group with five sessions per week of HIIT, and the group with combined nettle and HITT intervention. Body weight, lipid profile, beta cells function, and chemerin level were assessed after eight weeks of the intervention. RESULTS The values of chemerin significantly decreased in combined HIIT and nettle intervention group compared to the control group (p=0.001). The levels of glucose and insulin decreased significantly in nettle group, exercise group, and combined HIIT and nettle group (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS The present study found that intense interval exercise with the consumption of alcoholic extract of nettle can affect the performance of beta cells, glucose, and insulin. Future human studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Behradnasab
- Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Matinhomaei
- Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Bowman PRT, Smith GL, Gould GW. Run for your life: can exercise be used to effectively target GLUT4 in diabetic cardiac disease? PeerJ 2021; 9:e11485. [PMID: 34113491 PMCID: PMC8162245 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The global incidence, associated mortality rates and economic burden of diabetes are now such that it is considered one of the most pressing worldwide public health challenges. Considerable research is now devoted to better understanding the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of this disease, with an ultimate aim of improving the array of available preventive and therapeutic interventions. One area of particular unmet clinical need is the significantly elevated rate of cardiomyopathy in diabetic patients, which in part contributes to cardiovascular disease being the primary cause of premature death in this population. This review will first consider the role of metabolism and more specifically the insulin sensitive glucose transporter GLUT4 in diabetic cardiac disease, before addressing how we may use exercise to intervene in order to beneficially impact key functional clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R T Bowman
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Godfrey L Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Gwyn W Gould
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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30
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Carrier MA, Beverly EA. Focus on the Positive: A Qualitative Study of Positive Experiences Living With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes. Clin Diabetes 2021; 39:176-187. [PMID: 33981131 PMCID: PMC8061556 DOI: 10.2337/cd20-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify positive experiences associated with diabetes from the perspective of adults diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. We conducted in-depth face-to-face and telephone interviews with adults with diabetes. Participants focused on positive and supportive experiences with their peers and community, improved health behaviors, personal growth, and engagement in diabetes advocacy. Communicating positive experiences about diabetes may help clinicians and educators reframe the negative messages commonly shared with people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A. Carrier
- Exercise Physiology, Department of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, Ohio University, Athens, OH
- Honors Tutorial College, Ohio University, Athens, OH
| | - Elizabeth A. Beverly
- Department of Primary Care, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
- The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH
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31
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Haynes A, Naylor LH, Spence AL, Robey E, Cox KL, Maslen BA, Lautenschlager NT, Carter HH, Ainslie PN, Green DJ. Effects of Land versus Water Walking Interventions on Vascular Function in Older Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:83-89. [PMID: 32555027 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endothelial dysfunction is an early and integral atherogenic event. Interventions that improve endothelial function also reduce cardiovascular risk. Due largely to the direct hemodynamic effects of repetitive exercise on the artery wall, exercise training has shown to enhance endothelial function. Land walking (LW) and water walking (WW) induce distinct hemodynamic responses, so the comparison of their effects provides an approach to study shear stress effects on endothelial function. We hypothesized that LW and WW training would have different effects on peripheral artery endothelial function. METHODS Fifty-one sedentary, older (age = 61.9 ± 6.6 yr, 23.5% male) individuals were randomized into one of three groups: control (n = 16), or one of two exercise groups consisting of 3 × 50 min supervised and individually tailored walking sessions per week for 24 consecutive weeks, performed either on LW (n = 17) or on WW (n = 18). Brachial artery endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation) and smooth muscle cell function (glyceryl trinitrate administration) were tested in all participants before (week 0) and after (week 24) the intervention. RESULTS Differences were apparent in flow-mediated dilation change between the LW group (week 0, 5.39% ± 0.71%, to week 24, 7.77% ± 0.78%; P = 0.009) and the control group (week 0, 5.87% ± 0.73%, to week 24, 5.78% ± 0.78%). No differences in artery dilation response were found after glyceryl trinitrate administration (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study suggests that 6-month center-based LW may be superior to WW in terms of improvement in arterial endothelial function in older sedentary individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Haynes
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AUSTRALIA
| | - Louise H Naylor
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AUSTRALIA
| | - Angela L Spence
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, AUSTRALIA
| | - Elisa Robey
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AUSTRALIA
| | | | - Barbara A Maslen
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AUSTRALIA
| | | | - Howard H Carter
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AUSTRALIA
| | - Philip N Ainslie
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, CANADA
| | - Daniel J Green
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AUSTRALIA
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Simper TN, Morris C, Lynn A, O'Hagan C, Kilner K. Responses to oral glucose challenge differ by physical activity volume and intensity: A pilot study. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2020; 9:645-650. [PMID: 33308815 PMCID: PMC7749213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-hour postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical activity (PA) has short-term beneficial effects on post-meal glucose response. This study compared the oral glucose tolerance test results of 3 groups of people with habitually different levels of PA. METHODS Thirty-one adults without diabetes (age 25.9 ± 6.6 years; body mass index 23.8 ± 3.8 kg/m2; mean ± SD) were recruited and divided into 3 groups based on self-reported PA volume and intensity: low activity < 30 min/day of moderate-intensity activity (n = 11), moderately active ≥ 30 min/day of moderate-intensity PA (n = 10), and very active ≥ 60 min/day of PA at high intensity (n = 10). Participants completed an oral glucose tolerance test (50 g glucose) with capillary blood samples obtained at baseline, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min post-ingestion. RESULTS There were no significant differences between groups for age or body fat percentage or glycated hemoglobin (p > 0.05). The groups were significantly different in terms of baseline glucose level (p = 0.003) and, marginally, for gender (p = 0.053) and BMI (p = 0.050). There was a statistically significant effect of PA on the 1-h postprandial glucose results (p = 0.029), with differences between very active and low activity groups (p = 0.008) but not between the moderately active and low activity groups (p = 0.360), even when baseline glucose level and gender differences were accounted for. For incremental area under the curve there was no significant effect of activity group once gender and body fat percentage had been accounted for (p = 0.401). Those in the low activity group took 15 min longer to reach peak glucose level than those in the very active group (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION The results suggest that high levels of PA have a beneficial effect on postprandial blood glucose profiles when compared to low and moderate levels of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor N Simper
- Food Group Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK.
| | - Cecile Morris
- Food Group Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Anthony Lynn
- Food Group Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Ciara O'Hagan
- Academy of Sport and Physical Activity, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S10 2BP, UK
| | - Karen Kilner
- Department for Health and Social Care Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S10 2BP, UK
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Moran LJ, Tassone EC, Boyle J, Brennan L, Harrison CL, Hirschberg AL, Lim S, Marsh K, Misso ML, Redman L, Thondan M, Wijeyaratne C, Garad R, Stepto NK, Teede HJ. Evidence summaries and recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Lifestyle management. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13046. [PMID: 32452622 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lifestyle is fundamental in chronic disease prevention and management, and it has been recommended as a first-line treatment in the Australian polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) guideline 2011. The first international evidence-based guideline on PCOS was developed in 2018, which expanded the scope and evidence in the Australian guideline. This paper summarizes the lifestyle recommendations and evidence summaries from the guideline. International multidisciplinary guideline development groups delivered the International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 2018. The process followed the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II and The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. Extensive communication and meetings addressed six prioritized clinical questions through five reviews. Evidence-based recommendations were formulated before consensus voting within the panel. Evidence shows the benefits of multicomponent lifestyle intervention, efficacy of exercise and weight gain prevention with no specific diet recommended. Lifestyle management is the first-line management in the intervention hierarchy in PCOS. Multicomponent lifestyle intervention including diet, exercise and behavioural strategies is central to PCOS management with a focus on weight and healthy lifestyle behaviours. The translation programme optimizes reach and dissemination for health professionals and consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Moran
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eliza C Tassone
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Boyle
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash Health, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leah Brennan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Cheryce L Harrison
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Siew Lim
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate Marsh
- Northside Nutrition & Dietetics, Chatswood, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marie L Misso
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leanne Redman
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Mala Thondan
- Harp Family Medical, Kew East, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chandrika Wijeyaratne
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Rhonda Garad
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nigel K Stepto
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Medicine Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helena J Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Wake AD. Antidiabetic Effects of Physical Activity: How It Helps to Control Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2909-2923. [PMID: 32884317 PMCID: PMC7443456 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s262289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the improvements in clinical care of the patients, research updates, and public health interventions, there is still an increase in the prevalence, incidence, and mortality because of diabetes mellitus (DM). DM is a public health problem in both developed and developing countries. It has increased alarmingly, putting this disease in the dimension of an epidemic. Diabetes is associated with several complications which increase the risk of many serious health problems on the other side. Therefore, this review was aimed to discuss the antidiabetic effects of physical activity (PA) on type 2 DM (T2DM) by summarizing the significant studies on this topic. This review found that several studies have recommended the utilization of PA for the effective management of T2DM. PA is a non-pharmacologic therapy which is a significant strategy for the management of T2DM and is an appropriate lifestyle modification approach to be practiced by these patients. The studies showed that PA has antidiabetic effects which are evidenced by its substantial role in improving the blood glucose (BG) levels of the individuals with T2DM where it helps them to control their levels of glucose in the blood. It plays a significant role in glycemic control of this disease by lowering the BG levels through possible mechanisms such as decreasing insulin resistance, increasing production of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4), lowering visceral adipose tissue (VAT), increasing pancreatic β-cell functions, using glucose for energy, and so on. In turn, the controlled glycemia helps to prevent the complications associated with uncontrolled T2DM and this would further improve the overall health of the patients and the burden on the health professionals as well. Finally, this review concludes that PA is the cornerstone in the management of T2DM. It also suggests that more attention is needed to its significance in the prevention, glycemic control, and its role in the management of the morbidity and mortality associated with T2DM. Practical PA recommendations and suggestions for the future direction of research in this area are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addisu Dabi Wake
- Nursing Department, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Assela, Oromia, Ethiopia
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Effect of 12 Weeks of Resistance Training on Serum, Vaspin and Chemerin in Obese Middle-Aged Women. Asian J Sports Med 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/asjsm.97363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Seyedizadeh SH, Cheragh-Birjandi S, Hamedi Nia MR. The Effects of Combined Exercise Training (Resistance-Aerobic) on Serum Kinesin and Physical Function in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (Randomized Controlled Trials). J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:6978128. [PMID: 32215272 PMCID: PMC7085367 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6978128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetics which causes nerve damage and muscle strength decrease in patients. This in turn results in imbalance leading to the diabetic patients' daily activity disparity. The present investigation was conducted to specifically study the effects of combined training (resistance-aerobic) on serum kinesin-1 and physical function in type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. 24 diabetic neuropathic females were randomly to be selected out and divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received resistance-aerobic training for 3 sessions during eight weeks. The exercise training included resistance exercises with 2-3 sets, 6-7 exercise stations, 8-12 repetitions (reps), and 3-5 minutes of rest in between the exercises, and the aerobic exercises contained 50-65% of heart rate reserve (HRR) for 3 minutes with 30 seconds of rest interval between sets and 5-10 repetitions. Results show that the serum kinesin-1 level and aerobic endurance declined after eight weeks of combined (resistance-aerobic) exercise training, but this decrease was not significant. The upper body strength increased but it was not significant, while the lower body showed a significant strength increase. With regard to the progressive nature of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, it seems that even the little changes resulting from the combined exercise training can be useful. Nevertheless, more research is required in this area.
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Nakhaei H, Mogharnasi M, Fanaei H. Effect of swimming training on levels of asprosin, lipid profile, glucose and insulin resistance in rats with metabolic syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2019.100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Scheer AS, Naylor LH, Gan SK, Charlesworth J, Benjanuvatra N, Green DJ, Maiorana AJ. The Effects of Water-based Exercise Training in People with Type 2 Diabetes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 52:417-424. [PMID: 31469709 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of 8 wk of upright water-based exercise training in people with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Thirteen participants with type 2 diabetes (54% male; 60.9 ± 9.6 yr, mean ± standard deviation) completed 8 wk of upright water-based exercise training at a moderate intensity (60%-80% of exercise test-derived maximum HR), for 1 h, three times a week (TG). Fourteen participants (64% male; 63.9 ± 9.8 yr) acted as a control group (CG) who maintained their usual activities. Preintervention and postintervention, participants performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing to determine V˙O2peak and one-repetition maximum testing to assess muscular strength. Blood profiles were assessed with standard assays. Body mass index and waist/hip ratio were employed as measures of anthropometry. Endothelium-dependent (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation) and independent (glyceryl trinitrate-mediated) function were assessed using vascular ultrasound. RESULTS Water-based training increased V˙O2peak (18.5 ± 4.3 mL·kg·min to 21.5 ± 5.4 mL·kg·min) (P = 0.002), overall muscle strength (123 ± 44 kg to 139 ± 43 kg) and leg strength (92 ± 28 kg to 104 ± 29 kg), compared with the CG (P = 0.001). The effect on pectoral strength (31 ± 17 kg to 35 ± 16 kg) was not significantly different to the CG (24 ± 12 kg to 26 ± 14 kg) (P = 0.08). No change was observed in anthropometry, blood profiles, or glyceryl trinitrate-mediated vascular function. Flow-mediated dilation was increased after training (6.1% ± 2.4% to 6.5% ± 3.0%), compared with controls who demonstrated a slight decrease (6.2% ± 1.6% to 5.4% ± 1.6%) (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Water-based circuit training was well tolerated and appears to be an effective exercise modality for improving aerobic fitness, strength, and vascular function in people with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Scheer
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA
| | | | - Seng K Gan
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA
| | | | - Nat Benjanuvatra
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA
| | - Daniel J Green
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA
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Carbone S, Del Buono MG, Ozemek C, Lavie CJ. Obesity, risk of diabetes and role of physical activity, exercise training and cardiorespiratory fitness. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 62:327-333. [PMID: 31442513 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The epidemic of obesity contributes to the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States and worldwide. Importantly, obesity is not only preventable but can be treated, particularly with lifestyle modifications to forestall T2DM in those with excess adiposity. The mechanisms linking obesity to T2DM are numerous and involve adipose tissue remodeling as a result of unhealthy behaviors, including unhealthy diet, reduced physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET), and increased sedentary behaviors. Taken together, these factors markedly reduce cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), one of the strongest predictors for cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in the general population, but also in those with T2DM. In this review we describe the mechanisms leading to adipose tissue remodeling resulting in obesity, as well as the mechanisms linking excess adiposity to insulin resistance and, in turn, T2DM. We then present the therapeutic strategies that can be implemented in obesity to prevent T2DM, with a brief discussion on weight loss, and greater emphasis on PA and ET. We finally present the evidence to support the beneficial effects of such strategies in patients with established T2DM and discuss the importance of achieving improvements in CRF in this population to potentially improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Carbone
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America; VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America.
| | - Marco Giuseppe Del Buono
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Cemal Ozemek
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, the University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
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Osei-Yeboah J, Owiredu W, Norgbe G, Obirikorang C, Lokpo S, Ashigbi E, Johnson B, Ussher F, Deku J, Asiamah E, Avorkliyah R, Boakye E, Ntoni T, Nyamadi P. Physical Activity Pattern and Its Association with Glycaemic and Blood Pressure Control among People Living with Diabetes (PLWD) In The Ho Municipality, Ghana. Ethiop J Health Sci 2019; 29:819-830. [PMID: 30700949 PMCID: PMC6341429 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v29i1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) offers considerable health benefits for diabetic patients. However, extensive high levels of inactivity has been reported among diabetic patients. This study sought to assess the patterns of physical activity and its relationship with two management-relevant outcomes (glycaemic and blood pressure control)among people living with diabetes in the Ho Municipality, Ghana. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2017 to April 2017 among 150 purposively recruited diabetic patients who were receiving care at the diabetes clinics of the Volta Regional Hospital and the Ho Municipal Hospital. A semi-structured questionnaire was used in capturing socio-demographic information. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form. Glycaemic and blood pressure control were evaluated within a three-month period from patients' records. Results Physical activity estimates among participants were 21.33%, 48% and 30.67% for high, moderate and low PA respectively. Glycaemic control among the study participants was 33.33% and blood pressure control was 58.67%. Both glycaemic and blood pressure control were significantly associated with PA. Conclusion In this group of PLWD in the Ho Municipality, high levels of inactivity, uncontrolled glycaemia and blood pressure exist. However, glycaemic and blood pressure control may be modulated by moderate-intensity physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Osei-Yeboah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - William Owiredu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Diagnostic Directorate, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Gameli Norgbe
- School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Christian Obirikorang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Sylvester Lokpo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Evans Ashigbi
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Beatrice Johnson
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifrey, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Francis Ussher
- Faculty of Health and Allied Sciences, Koforidua Technical University, Koforidua, Eastern Region, Ghana
| | - John Deku
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Asiamah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Roseline Avorkliyah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Edward Boakye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Tibemponi Ntoni
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Prince Nyamadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
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Álvarez C, Ramírez-Campillo R, Lucia A, Ramírez-Vélez R, Izquierdo M. Concurrent exercise training on hyperglycemia and comorbidities associated: Non-responders using clinical cutoff points. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29:952-967. [PMID: 30825342 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of a 20-week concurrent training (CT, ie, resistance plus endurance training) intervention on cardiovascular risk factors, such as body composition, blood pressure, and lipid profile among adult women with hyperglycemia. A secondary aim was to report prevalence of non-responders for the different study outcomes. Physically inactive overweight/obese and hyperglycemic adult women (42 ± 6 years; BMI = 30.9 ± 4.8 kg/m2 ) were randomly assigned to a 20-week CT intervention group or a control (non-exercise) group (CG) (n = 14/group). Cardiovascular risk factors for body composition (body mass, waist circumference [WC], fat mass, and lean mass), blood pressure, and lipid profile (total, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting glucose) were assessed before and after the 20-week intervention. Our results show that a CT intervention results in a reduction of comorbidities in terms of abdominal obesity and cardiovascular risk in adult women with hyperglycemia by decreasing WC and improving lipid profile in "mean" terms. At the individual level, after CT, some subjects changed their status from a "high" to a "low" cardiovascular risk in terms of WC, while others changed from hypertension to either high blood pressure or normotension, or from high blood pressure to normotension, and others changed from hypercholesterolemia/dyslipidemia to normocholesterolemia. Overall, there were ~30%, 50%, and 20% of individuals in the CT exercise group who showed no change/adverse response for body composition, blood pressure, and lipid profile, respectively, after the 20-week CT intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Álvarez
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.,Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.,Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | | | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Navarrabiomed, Idisna, CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00315), Pamplona, Navarre, Spain
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Navarrabiomed, Idisna, CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00315), Pamplona, Navarre, Spain
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Beverly EA, Guseman EH, Jensen LL, Fredricks TR. Reducing the Stigma of Diabetes in Medical Education: A Contact-Based Educational Approach. Clin Diabetes 2019; 37:108-115. [PMID: 31057216 PMCID: PMC6468822 DOI: 10.2337/cd18-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
IN BRIEF In this feasibility study, we evaluated the impact of a contact-based education patient panel in an Endocrine and Metabolism course on second-year medical students' diabetes attitudes and diabetes stigma. Prior to the patient panel, some medical students harbored stigma toward people with diabetes, thus confirming patients' reports in the literature of diabetes stigma on the part of health care professionals. Importantly, the one-time contact-based educational approach improved students' diabetes attitudes and reduced diabetes stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Beverly
- Department of Family Medicine, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
- The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH
| | - Emily H. Guseman
- Department of Family Medicine, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
- The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH
| | - Laura L. Jensen
- Department of Family Medicine, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
- The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH
| | - Todd R. Fredricks
- Department of Family Medicine, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
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Conners RT, Caputo JL, Coons JM, Fuller DK, Morgan DW. Impact of Underwater Treadmill Training on Glycemic Control, Blood Lipids, and Health-Related Fitness in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. Clin Diabetes 2019; 37:36-43. [PMID: 30705495 PMCID: PMC6336125 DOI: 10.2337/cd17-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
IN BRIEF A large number of adults with type 2 diabetes experience comorbidities that discourage physical activity and hinder regular participation in land-based exercise programs. An aquatic exercise program is an innovative exercise modality that incorporates combined aerobic and resistance exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine if an underwater treadmill walking program featuring gradual and progressive increases in walking speed and duration has a positive effect on glycemic control, metabolic health, cardiovascular function, body composition, and leg strength in middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes.
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Shakil-ur-Rehman S, Karimi H, Gillani SA, Amjad I, Ahmad S, Yaseen A. Response to a Supervised Structured Aerobic Exercise Training Program in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – Does Gender Make a Difference? A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Natl Med Assoc 2018; 110:431-439. [PMID: 30129517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Álvarez C, Ramírez-Vélez R, Ramírez-Campillo R, Ito S, Celis-Morales C, García-Hermoso A, Rodriguez-Mañas L, Lucia A, Izquierdo M. Interindividual responses to different exercise stimuli among insulin-resistant women. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:2052-2065. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Álvarez
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences; Universidad de Los Lagos; Osorno Chile
| | - R. Ramírez-Vélez
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences; Center for the Study of Physical Activity Measurement (CEMA); Universidad del Rosario; Bogotá Colombia
| | - R. Ramírez-Campillo
- Research Nucleus in Health; Physical Activity and Sports; Universidad de Los Lagos; Osorno Chile
| | - S. Ito
- Division of Cardiology; Sankuro Hospital; Toyota Japan
| | - C. Celis-Morales
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio (CIFE); Universidad Mayor; Santiago Chile
| | - A. García-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH; Santiago Chile
| | - L. Rodriguez-Mañas
- Division of Geriatric Medicine; University Hospital of Getafe; Madrid Spain
| | - A. Lucia
- Faculty of Sports Sciences; Universidad Europea de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - M. Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences; Public University of Navarre; CIBERFES (CB16/10/00315); Navarre Spain
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Jansons PS, Robins L, Haines TP, O'Brien L. Barriers and enablers to ongoing exercise for people with chronic health conditions: Participants' perspectives following a randomized controlled trial of two interventions. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2018; 76:92-99. [PMID: 29477950 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present there is no clear evidence to support any one particular intervention for engaging adults with chronic health issues in ongoing exercise. An understanding of consumer perceptions and preferences is important, because low rates of exercise adherence are likely to limit any benefits obtained. OBJECTIVE To identify and compare participants' perceptions about their own motivation, capacity and opportunity to adhere to an allocated exercise program during either a gym-based or a home-based exercise program with telephone follow-up. METHOD/DESIGN This qualitative study used convenience sampling to recruit participants (adults with chronic health issues) immediately after a randomised controlled trial comparing gym-and home-based exercise programs conducted for 12 months. Ten people, five from each intervention group, attended face-to- face semi-structured interviews at a local Community Health Service. Thematic analysis methods were used to analyse the dataset. RESULTS Improved social interaction in the gym-based program was seen to contribute to adherence, however home-based programs were perceived as more convenient and easily integrated into daily routines. Individualized exercise prescription by a health professional with regular follow up (in person or by telephone) promoted an active practitioner-participant relationship. Health coaching combined with exercise was perceived to improve self-efficacy and assisted with the removal of intrinsic and extrinsic exercise barriers. CONCLUSION This research presented many common and different themes in participant's motivation, capacity and opportunity in sustained adherence to a gym or home-based exercise program. However, this study found no superior intervention or individual preference to improve ongoing exercise adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Jansons
- Monash University, Physiotherapy Department, McMahons Road, Frankston, Victoria, 3199, Australia; Monash Health Allied Health Research Unit, Kingston Centre, Cheltenham, Victoria, 3192, Australia.
| | - Lauren Robins
- Monash University, Physiotherapy Department, McMahons Road, Frankston, Victoria, 3199, Australia; Monash Health Allied Health Research Unit, Kingston Centre, Cheltenham, Victoria, 3192, Australia.
| | - Terry P Haines
- Monash University, Physiotherapy Department, McMahons Road, Frankston, Victoria, 3199, Australia; Monash Health Allied Health Research Unit, Kingston Centre, Cheltenham, Victoria, 3192, Australia.
| | - Lisa O'Brien
- Monash Health Allied Health Research Unit, Kingston Centre, Cheltenham, Victoria, 3192, Australia; Monash University, Occupational Therapy Department, McMahons Road, Frankston, Victoria, 3199, Australia.
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Beverly EA, Ritholz MD, Wray LA, Chiu CJ, Suhl E. Understanding the Meaning of Food in People With Type 2 Diabetes Living in Northern Appalachia. Diabetes Spectr 2018; 31:14-24. [PMID: 29456422 PMCID: PMC5813303 DOI: 10.2337/ds16-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Food and eating convey memories and feelings and serve important functions in creating and maintaining relationships. Given the increasing rate of diabetes in the United States, research understanding the meaning of food may shed light on how patients negotiate everyday food choices while managing type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the meaning of food among adults with type 2 diabetes living in Northern Appalachia. METHODS In-depth, face-to-face interviews were conducted with type 2 diabetes patients. Interviews were coded and analyzed via thematic analysis. RESULTS Nineteen adults with type 2 diabetes (mean age 68.7 ± 10.6 years, mean A1C 7.4 ± 1.4%, mean diabetes duration 10.9 ± 11.9 years, 52.6% female, 100% white) participated in the study. Qualitative analysis revealed three themes: 1) "Sustaining Life:" Food and the Demands of Diabetes Management, in which participants described the role of food as operational and said that eating was dictated by time rather than hunger or pleasure; 2) "Diabetes Feels Like a Yield Sign:" Diabetes Changes Perceptions of Food, Enjoyment, and Social Relationships, in which most participants described a negative or ambivalent relationship with food after their diabetes diagnosis; and 3) "Food is Everywhere; It's Seducing:" Struggling With Diabetes Management in a Fast-Food Culture, in which participants discussed how the American fast-food culture was in direct conflict with the demands of diabetes and described how they struggled to follow a healthful diet in a culture that advertised the opposite in many venues. CONCLUSION Adults with diabetes may benefit from education that addresses both the personal and sociocultural factors that guide food choices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ching-Ju Chiu
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Ng TKW, Kwan RLC, Lo SK, Cheing GLY. A Tailor-Made Exercise Program for Improving Balance and Mobility in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. J Gerontol Nurs 2018; 44:41-48. [PMID: 28990633 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20171002-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Effectiveness of an exercise program designed for improving postural control and mobility in older adults with type 2 diabetes was investigated. Ninety-three adults 65 or older diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and able to walk unaided were recruited. The intervention group received exercise training focused on ankle strengthening and mobility twice per week for 10 weeks. The control group did not participate in any exercise program. After 10 weeks, the intervention group showed significantly greater improvement in the mean Sensory Organization Test composite score (4.4 vs. 0.3; p = 0.01) as well as visual ratio (0.1 vs. 0.002; p = 0.01) and vestibular ratio (0.1 vs. 0.003; p < 0.001) than the control group after adjusting for covariates. A greater trend of improvement in the Timed Up and Go and Single-Leg Stance Test was also found in the intervention group. Exercise training focusing on the ankle is effective in enhancing the postural stability of older adults with type 2 diabetes and can potentially be effective in improving single-leg standing balance and mobility. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 44(2), 41-48.].
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Hartman YAW, Hopman MTE, Schreuder TH, Verheggen RJHM, Scholten RR, Oudegeest‐Sander MH, Poelkens F, Maiorana AJ, Naylor LH, Willems PH, Tack CJ, Thijssen DHJ, Green DJ. Improvements in fitness are not obligatory for exercise training-induced improvements in CV risk factors. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13595. [PMID: 29464893 PMCID: PMC5820463 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess whether changes in physical fitness relate to changes in cardiovascular risk factors following standardized, center-based and supervised exercise training programs in subjects with increased cardiovascular risk. We pooled data from exercise training studies of subjects with increased cardiovascular risk (n = 166) who underwent 8-52 weeks endurance training. We determined fitness (i.e., peak oxygen uptake) and traditional cardiovascular risk factors (body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), before and after training. We divided subjects into quartiles based on improvement in fitness, and examined whether these groups differed in terms of risk factors. Associations between changes in fitness and in cardiovascular risk factors were further tested using Pearson correlations. Significant heterogeneity was apparent in the improvement of fitness and individual risk factors, with nonresponder rates of 17% for fitness, 44% for body mass index, 33% for mean arterial pressure, 49% for total cholesterol, and 49% for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Neither the number, nor the magnitude, of change in cardiovascular risk factors differed significantly between quartiles of fitness change. Changes in fitness were not correlated with changes in cardiovascular risk factors (all P > 0.05). Our data suggest that significant heterogeneity exists in changes in peak oxygen uptake after training, while improvement in fitness did not relate to improvement in cardiovascular risk factors. In subjects with increased cardiovascular risk, improvements in fitness are not obligatory for training-induced improvements in cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne A. W. Hartman
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Maria T. E. Hopman
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Division of Human NutritionWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Tim H. Schreuder
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Ralph R. Scholten
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Madelijn H. Oudegeest‐Sander
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Geriatric MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Fleur Poelkens
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Andrew J. Maiorana
- Advanced Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplant ServiceRoyal Perth HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise ScienceCurtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Allied Health DepartmentFiona Stanley HospitalMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Louise H. Naylor
- Allied Health DepartmentFiona Stanley HospitalMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
- The School of Hum an Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science)The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Peter H. Willems
- Department of BiochemistryRadboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Cees J. Tack
- Department of Internal MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Dick H. J. Thijssen
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Research institute for Sport and Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| | - Daniel J. Green
- The School of Hum an Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science)The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Research institute for Sport and Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
- National Health and Medical Research Council of AustraliaCanberraAustralia
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Zou Y, Qian Z, Sun Y, Wei G, Zhang Q. Orcein-Related Small Molecule O4 Destabilizes hIAPP Protofibrils by Interacting Mostly with the Amyloidogenic Core Region. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:9203-9212. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b08652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yunxiang Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory for Computational
Physical Sciences (MOE), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 220
Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guanghong Wei
- State
Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory for Computational
Physical Sciences (MOE), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 220
Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
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