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CESUR F, GENÇ ZN. Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation According to Daily Dietary Levels on Biochemical Parameters in 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency of Women with Obesity. Turk J Pharm Sci 2024; 21:399-412. [PMID: 39569668 PMCID: PMC11600319 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2024.37632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/22/2024]
Abstract
Objectives This study examined how vitamin D supplementation based on daily dietary intake affects biomarkers in obese women with 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency. Materials and Methods Group D (n= 14) used vitamin D supplements daily for 2 months, and Group C (n= 16) did not receive supplements. Three blood samples were collected from the volunteers during the initial phase of the study. In this study, blood was collected from the volunteers: first measurement (M1), second measurement (M2), and third measurement (M3). Results Compared with Group C, Group D had lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels at M2 and fasting serum glucose (FSG) levels at M3 (p < 0.05), and lower HDL levels at M2 and FSG levels in normal-weight individuals at M3 (p < 0.05). In addition, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were higher in normal-weight women than in obese women according to M3 (p= 0.043). There was a higher negative correlation between HDL-C in M1 and FSG in Group D (r= -0.710, p= 0.004). 25-hydroxyvitamin D was moderately positively correlated with dietary vitamin D in M2 in Group D (r= 0.559, p= 0.038). Significant positive correlations were observed between iodine intake and triiodothyronine (T3) levels, whereas no significant difference was observed between thyroid-stimulating hormone and T3 levels. Conclusion Vitamin D intake improves HDL levels in normal-weight individuals and causes an effect on FSG to be at the desired low level, whereas in individuals with obesity, although serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels increased in the last measurement, no effect was observed. Women with normal vitamin D levels have higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels than those who are obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih CESUR
- Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Nutrition, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Zehra Nur GENÇ
- Üsküdar University Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, İstanbul, Türkiye
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Zhang L, Cai H, Bai X, Xiao W, Cao ZB, Zhang Y. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D status does not affect energy metabolism among young, healthy, non-obese adults: a metabolic chamber study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1501818. [PMID: 39624819 PMCID: PMC11608976 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1501818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/31/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose here is a general consensus that an inverse relationship exists between vitamin D status and body mass index (BMI) in overweight and obese individuals, leading to the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to the development of unfavorable metabolic phenotypes. However, evidence from non-obese adults remains limited. This study measured energy metabolism in non-obese adults using a metabolic chamber and explored its association with vitamin D status. Methods Sixty-nine healthy adults (mean age = 22.8 years, mean BMI = 20.7 kg/m2) participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants were categorized into vitamin D-deficient, insufficient, and sufficient groups based on the Chinese classification for total 25(OH)D levels (WS/T 677-2020). They performed typical daily activities in a metabolic chamber, where their baseline lipid profile, 24-hour energy expenditure, and substrate oxidation were measured. Results A two-way ANOVA (seasonality × 25(OH)D) revealed no statistically significant differences in total energy expenditure, resting energy expenditure, sleeping energy expenditure, walking energy expenditure, carbohydrate oxidation rate, or fat oxidation rate among the three groups (p > 0.05). These results remained consistent even after adjusting for fat-free mass. Although statistically significant correlations were found between 25(OH)D status and certain lipid profile markers (i.e., total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and free fatty acid) (p < 0.05), these correlations were weak, with Pearson's correlation coefficients below 0.3. Conclusions Total 25(OH)D status does not affect energy metabolism in young, healthy, non-obese adults. Along with existing evidence, this suggests that low 25(OH)D status is more likely a consequence of unfavorable metabolic phenotypes rather than a contributing factor. Clinical trial registration https://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR-IIR-17010604.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Institute of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haogang Cai
- School of Physical Education, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Xiaorong Bai
- School of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Wensheng Xiao
- School of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Cao
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Independent person, Windermere, FL, United States
- Independent Researcher, Dakar, Senegal
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Saeidlou SN, Vahabzadeh D, Karimi F, Babaei F. Determining the vitamin D supplementation duration to reach an adequate or optimal vitamin D status and its effect on blood lipid profiles: a longitudinal study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:81. [PMID: 38867281 PMCID: PMC11170904 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00576-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, Serum vitamin D (Vit. D) levels evaluation and the use of Vit. D supplements have increased substantially. There is no specific guideline for the duration of Vit. D supplementation, so yet Vit. D supplementation duration has remained a critical and controversial issue. This study aimed to determine the vit. D supplementation duration to reach an adequate or optimal Vit. D status and its effect on lipid profile. METHODS In this longitudinal study, 345 women with different status of Vit. D levels were enrolled and followed up for one year. Eligible participants received 50,000 IU Vit. D3 (cholecalciferol) once a month for 12 consecutive months. The serum Vit. D levels and lipid profiles were measured at baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 12th months after the intervention. Participants were categorized based on Vit. D level at baseline into deficiency (< 20 ng/mL), inadequate (20-30 ng/mL), and adequate (> 30 ng/mL) groups, and the data were compared at different times between the three groups. RESULTS Three deficiency (n = 73), inadequate (n = 138) and adequate (n = 134) groups of participants were followed. In all participants the average amount of Vit. D level changes were 8 ng/mL after one year of supplementation. The mean changes of serum Vit. D level in 6th and 12th months vs. 3th month was as below: In deficiency group: 4.08 ± 0.85 and 10.01 ± 1.02 ng/mL; (p < 0.001), in inadequate group: 3.07 ± 0.59 and 7.26 ± 0.78 ng/mL; (p = 0.001) and in adequate group: 2.02 ± 0.88 and 6.44 ± 1.005 ng/ml; (p = 0.001). Lipid profiles were improved in three groups. So, the mean changes of lipid profiles at the end of the study comparing with the baseline were: -5.86 ± 2.09, -7.22 ± 1.43 and - 6.17 ± 1.72 (mg/dl) for LDL (p < 0.05); -12.24 ± 3.08, -13.64 ± 3.21 and - 17.81 ± 2.94 (mg/dl) for cholesterol (p < 0.05) in deficiency, inadequate and adequate groups, respectively. For triglyceride, the mean changes were - 13.24 ± 5.78 and - 15.85 ± 7.49 (mg/dl) in deficiency and adequate groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Although the triglyceride decreased in the inadequate group at the end of the study but this difference was not significant (p = 0.67). CONCLUSION Taking of 50,000 IU Vit. D 3 monthly for 12 months resulted in reaching its level to adequate level in both deficiency and insufficient groups; however, in the adequate group its level did not reach above than 50 ng/mL. Therefore, 50,000 IU Vit. D3 supplementation monthly for one year can have beneficial effects on lipid profiles and there is no risk of toxicity in healthy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Nouri Saeidlou
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Davoud Vahabzadeh
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Fozieh Karimi
- Midwifery Department, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Fariba Babaei
- Department of Health Affairs, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Karam ZM, Yari A, Najmadini A, Khorasani NN, Attari R, Jafarinejad-Farsangi S, Karam MAM, Najafipour H, Saeidi K. Association of the ESR1 (rs9340799), OLR1 (rs3736234), LIPC (rs2070895), VDR (rs2228570), and CETP (rs708272) Polymorphisms With Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Iranian Patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2024; 38:e25026. [PMID: 38506378 PMCID: PMC10997818 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a devastating illness and a leading cause of death worldwide, primarily caused by atherosclerosis resulting from a genetic-environmental interaction. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the ESR1 (rs9340799), OLR1 (rs3736234), LIPC (rs2070895), VDR (rs2228570), and CETP (rs708272) polymorphisms, lipid profile parameters, and CAD risk in a southeast Iranian population. METHODS A total of 400 subjects (200 CAD patients with hyperlipidemia and 200 healthy controls) were enrolled in this case-control study. Five selected polymorphisms were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. RESULTS For all single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the population under study was in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The T-risk allele frequency of rs2228570 was associated with an increased risk of CAD. The TT and CT genotypes of rs2228570 had also been associated with the risk of CAD. Additionally, the TT genotype was associated with higher serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels. The GG genotype of the rs3736234 was associated with higher body mass index (BMI) and triglyceride (TG) levels, and the AA genotype of the rs708272 was associated with higher HDL-c levels. Based on these findings, we propose that the VDR (rs2228570) polymorphism was associated with serum HDL-c and LDL-c levels and may serve as potential risk factors for CAD within the Iranian population. Moreover, rs3736234 and rs708272 influence the concentrations of TG and HDL-c, respectively. CONCLUSION These findings provided insights into the complex interplay between genetic variations, cardiovascular risk, and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Miri Karam
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Yari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Atefeh Najmadini
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nima Norouzi Khorasani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Attari
- Department of Biology, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Miri Karam
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Najafipour
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Kolsoum Saeidi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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McCourt AF, Mulrooney SL, O’Neill GJ, O’Riordan ED, O’Sullivan AM. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D response to vitamin D supplementation using different lipid delivery systems in middle-aged and older adults: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1548-1557. [PMID: 36912075 PMCID: PMC10551469 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Food fortification improves vitamin D intakes but is not yet mandated in many countries. Combining vitamin D with different dietary lipids altered vitamin D absorption in in vitro and postprandial studies. This randomised, placebo-controlled trial examined the effect of the lipid composition of a vitamin D-fortified dairy drink on change in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. Sixty-three healthy adults aged 50+ years were randomised to one of the following for 4 weeks: vitamin D-fortified olive oil dairy drink, vitamin D-fortified coconut oil dairy drink, vitamin D supplement or placebo control dairy drink. All vitamin D groups received 20 µg of vitamin D3 daily. Serum was collected at baseline and post-intervention to measure 25(OH)D concentrations and biomarkers of metabolic health. Repeated-measures general linear model ANCOVA (RM GLM ANCOVA) compared changes over time. There was a significant time × treatment interaction effect on 25(OH)D concentrations for those classified as vitamin D-insufficient (P < 0·001) and -sufficient at baseline (P = 0·004). 25(OH)D concentrations increased significantly for all insufficient participants receiving vitamin D3 in any form. However, for vitamin D-sufficient participants at baseline, 25(OH)D concentrations only increased significantly with the coconut oil dairy drink and supplement. There was no effect of vitamin D on biomarkers of metabolic health. Vitamin D fortification of lipid-containing foods may be used in lieu of supplementation when supplement adherence is low or for individuals with dysphagia. These results are important given the recent recommendation to increase vitamin D intakes to 15-20 µg for older adults in Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aislinn F. McCourt
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Steven L. Mulrooney
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Graham J. O’Neill
- TUD School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin (TUD), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - E. Dolores O’Riordan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Aifric M. O’Sullivan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
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Radkhah N, Zarezadeh M, Jamilian P, Ostadrahimi A. The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Lipid Profiles: an Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1479-1498. [PMID: 37657652 PMCID: PMC10721514 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
According to published meta-analyses, vitamin D exerts different beneficial effects in preventing and controlling risk factors associated with noncommunicable chronic diseases; however, the results are still conflicting. The purpose of this umbrella meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) as components of the lipid profile. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were systematically searched for meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. The umbrella meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines. The random-effects model was employed to estimate the overall effect size (ES). Overall, 25 meta-analyses were included. In the standardized mean difference analysis, vitamin D significantly decreased TG (ES: -0.15; 95% CI: -0.23, -0.08; P ≤ 0.001) and TC levels (ES: -0.17; 95% CI: -0.23, -0.11; P ≤ 0.001) and increased HDL levels (ES: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.15; P = 0.025). In the weighted mean difference analysis, vitamin D significantly decreased only TG levels (ES: -4.63 mg/dL; 95% CI: -7.70, -1.57; P = 0.003). The present study supports that vitamin D supplementation could be considered a beneficial adjuvant therapy in managing lipid profile levels, especially in individuals with vitamin D deficiency. This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42022306334.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Radkhah
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Meysam Zarezadeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parmida Jamilian
- School of Pharmacy and BioEngineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Xia Y, Yu Y, Zhao Y, Deng Z, Zhang L, Liang G. Insight into the Interaction Mechanism of Vitamin D against Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis and In Silico Study. Foods 2023; 12:3973. [PMID: 37959091 PMCID: PMC10649035 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As a dietary supplement or functional food additive, vitamin D (VD) deficiency may impact extra-skeletal functions associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors. However, the precise effects and mechanisms of VD supplementation on dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in MetS subjects remain controversial. Here, we investigate potential therapeutic targets, pathways and mechanisms of VD against MetS through a comprehensive strategy including meta-analysis, network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, dynamics simulations, and quantum chemical calculations. Our results reveal that VD supplementation significantly reduces triglyceride levels, fasting glucose, and insulin concentrations in subjects, thereby improving insulin homeostasis to some extent. We theoretically identify 14 core MetS-associated targets. Notably, VD exhibits substantial interactions with three targets (PPARγ, FABP4, and HMGCR) in the PPAR signaling pathway, indicating that VD can modulate this pathway. Van der Waals forces predominantly stabilize the complexes formed between VD and the three targets. Nonetheless, to provide valuable insights for personalized MetS management, further research is necessary to confirm our findings, emphasizing the importance of exploring genetic variability in VD response. In conclusion, our study contributes insights into the mechanisms of VD in preventing and treating MetS through dietary supplementation, promoting the development of VD-based functional foods or nutritious diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Yuandong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Yi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Zhifen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Guizhao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
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Xu SM, Lu K, Yang XF, Ye YW, Xu MZ, Shi Q, Gong YQ, Li C. Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with lipid profiles in osteoporosis patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:597. [PMID: 37574564 PMCID: PMC10424460 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the literature, scarce data investigate the link between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and blood lipids in the osteoporosis (OP) population. 25(OH)D, as a calcium-regulating hormone, can inhibit the rise of parathyroid hormone, increase bone mineralization to prevent bone loss, enhance muscle strength, improve balance, and prevent falls in the elderly. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and lipid profiles in patients with osteoporosis, with the objective of providing insight for appropriate vitamin D supplementation in clinical settings to potentially reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease, which is known to be a major health concern for individuals with osteoporosis. METHODS This is a retrospective cross-sectional study from the Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, including 2063 OP patients who received biochemical blood analysis of lipids during hospitalization from January 2015 to March 2022. The associations between serum lipids and 25(OH)D levels were examined by multiple linear regression. The dependent variables in the analysis were the concentrations of serum lipoprotein, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), apolipoprotein-A, lipoprotein A, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The independent variable was the concentration of blood serum 25(OH)D. At the same time, age, body mass index, sex, time and year of serum analysis, primary diagnosis, hypertension, diabetes, statins usage, beta-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide were covariates. Blood samples were collected in the early morning after the overnight fasting and were analyzed using an automated electrochemiluminescence immunoassay on the LABOSPECT 008AS platform (Hitachi Hi-Tech Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The generalized additive model was further applied for nonlinear associations. The inception result for smoothing the curve was evaluated by two-piecewise linear regression exemplary. RESULTS Our results proved that in the OP patients, the serum 25(OH)D levels were inversely connected with blood TGs concentration, whereas they were positively associated with the HDL, apolipoprotein-A, and lipoprotein A levels. In the meantime, this research also found a nonlinear relationship and threshold effect between serum 25(OH)D and TC, LDL-C. Furthermore, there were positive correlations between the blood serum 25(OH)D levels and the levels of TC and LDL-C when 25(OH)D concentrations ranged from 0 to 10.04 ng/mL. However, this relationship was not present when 25(OH)D levels were higher than 10.04 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated an independent relationship between blood lipids and vitamin D levels in osteoporosis patients. While we cannot establish a causal relationship between the two, our findings suggest that vitamin D may have beneficial effects on both bone health and blood lipid levels, providing a reference for improved protection against cardiovascular disease in this population. Further research, particularly interventional studies, is needed to confirm these associations and investigate their underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-ming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Ke Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Xu-feng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Yao-wei Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Min-zhe Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031 Jiangsu China
| | - Ya-qin Gong
- Information Department, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
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Mehdawi A, Mohammad BA, Mosleh I, Khader HA, Habash M, Nassar RI, Awwad S, Hasoun L, Abu-Samak MS. Combined Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Vitamin D 3 on Oxidized LDL-C and Non-HDL-C Levels in People With Vitamin D Deficiency: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2023; 81:251-258. [PMID: 36630694 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The present randomized clinical trial (RCT) was conducted on Jordanian participants with vitamin D deficiency (VDD) with no other medical conditions, to evaluate the combined effect of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D 3 (Vit.D 3 ) and omega-3 fatty acid (n-3FA) supplements (D+) on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels as common predictors of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Participants were randomized into 4 groups as follows: a control group (C) that received no supplementations, a Vit.D 3 group that received 50,000 IU of Vit.D 3 every week, an n-3FA group that received 300 mg of omega-3 fatty acid every day, and a D+ group that received a combination of both supplements, with the same dosage administered by the previous groups but with a 4-6-hour time interval between Vit.D 3 and n-3FA administration to avoid any possible interaction. All supplementations were administered orally for 8 weeks. Forty-seven participants were allocated to each group. Twenty-six in the control group, 37 participants in the Vit.D 3 group, 37 participants in the n-3FA group, and 46 participants in the D+ group completed the study to the end. The D+ supplementations significantly increased non-HDL-C (118.99 ± 60.98 to 155.26 ± 43.36 mg/dL, P << 0.05) but decreased Ox-LDL-C levels (69.29 ± 37.69 to 52.81 ± 17.30 pg/mL, P = 0.03). The stepwise regression showed that the serum LDL-C level was the main independent variable involved in the elevation of non-HDL levels (R 2 = 0.837) observed at the end of the trial in the D+ group. The groups that were supplemented with either Vit.D 3 alone or n-3FA alone had an insignificant decrease in the level of Ox-LDL-C. In conclusion, despite the observed hyperlipidemic effect, the combination treatment is recommended by the research team because the decrease in Ox-LDL may offset the hyperlipidemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Mehdawi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Beisan A Mohammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Mosleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Heba A Khader
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University,, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Maha Habash
- Michael Sayegh Faculty of Pharmacy, Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba, Jordan; and
| | - Razan I Nassar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Shady Awwad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Luai Hasoun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud S Abu-Samak
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Hariri Z, Kord-Varkaneh H, Alyahya N, Prabahar K, Găman MA, Abu-Zaid A. Higher Dietary Vitamin D Intake Influences the Lipid Profile and hs-CRP Concentrations: Cross-Sectional Assessment Based on The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:581. [PMID: 36836938 PMCID: PMC9965151 DOI: 10.3390/life13020581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. An unanswered question in the field of nutrition is whether there is an association between vitamin D intake and the lipid profile in adults. We conducted this cross-sectional study in order to investigate the impact of vitamin D intake on the lipid profile of adults in the context of the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods. Serum lipids and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations and the Vitamin D intake in 2588 people aged 19 to 70 years was collected using laboratory analysis and 24-h recall, respectively. The one-way ANOVA test was used to compare quantitative variables and the chi-squared test was used to compare qualitative ones. Multivariate logistic regression for three models was performed to assess the odds ratio (OR) of high total cholesterol (TC) (>200 mg/dL), triglycerides (TG) (>150 mg/dL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (>115 mg/dL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (<40 mg/dL) and hs-CRP (>1 mg/l) based on the tertiles of dietary vitamin D (D2 + D3) intake. Results. After adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, alcohol intake, energy intake, protein intake, carbohydrate intake, fiber intake and fat intake, individuals in the tertile with the highest versus lowest vitamin D intake (>1 mcg/day vs. <0.10 mcg/day) had lower odds of displaying elevated TC, LDL-C and hs-CRP concentrations (OR 0.57; CI: 0.37 to 0.88; P-trend: 0.045, OR 0.59; CI: 0.34 to 1.01; P-trend: 0.025 and OR 0.67; CI: 0.45 to 0.99; P-trend: 0.048, respectively). Based on the results of the logistic regression, no correlation between vitamin D intake and changes in TG or HDL-C values was noted. Conclusions. Our cross-sectional study indicates that higher dietary vitamin D (D2 + D3) intake is associated with lower TC, LDL-C and hs-CRP levels. No relationship between dietary vitamin D intake and TG or HDL-C values was detected. Further large-scale randomized trials are needed to evaluate the actual association between dietary vitamin D intake and the lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hariri
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Hamed Kord-Varkaneh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Noura Alyahya
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kousalya Prabahar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mihnea-Alexandru Găman
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Center of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Qi KJ, Zhao ZT, Zhang W, Yang F. The impacts of vitamin D supplementation in adults with metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1033026. [PMID: 36278155 PMCID: PMC9581173 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1033026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies have shown the association of vitamin D status with the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which has attracted an extensive research interest with inconsistent results. Therefore, we hypothesized that vitamin D supplementation (VDS) will benefit adults with MetS. Aims: To test our hypothesis, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of VDS on MetS in adults using relevant biomarkers such as anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, blood lipid profile, glycemia, oxidative stress and vitamin D toxicity (VDT). Methods: Randomized controlled trials published in PubMed, Web of Science, embase and the Cochrane Library between 2012 and 2022 on the effect of VDS on MetS in adults were searched. The language was limited to English. A meta-analysis performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 14.0 software, sensitivity analysis, and evaluation of the risk of bias and general quality of the resulting evidence were conducted. Results: Eventually, 13 articles were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, VDS significantly increased the endline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels as compared to the control [MD:17.41, 95% CI (14.09, 20.73), p < 0.00001]. VDS did not affect waist circumference, body mass index, body fat percentage and VDT biomarkers, but decreased waist-to-hip ratio and blood pressure (p < 0.01). VDS significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) [MD: 3.78; 95% CI (−6.52, −1.03), p = 0.007], but did not affect the levels of blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG). Pooled estimate of nine papers indicated a significant reduction of fasting insulin (FI) (p = 0.006), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (p = 0.0001). The quantitative insulin check index levels were moderately increased (p = 0.007) without any impact on the glycosylated hemoglobin type A1C (HbA1c). For the oxidative stress parameters, VDS significantly lowered the levels of malondialdehyde and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Results of this meta-analysis demonstrate that VDS only reduces insulin resistance and hypertension but not the blood lipid profile and HbA1c. It appears that the evidence for the benefit of VDS in adults with MetS is inconclusive. Further clinical studies are still needed.
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Abstract
Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) are at high risk for adverse outcomes with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Further, COVID-19 infection is associated with numerous cardiovascular (CV) complications including arrhythmia, myocardial injury, cardiomyopathy, and thrombotic events. Increased susceptibility to COVID-19 and CV complications related to COVID-19 may be in part related to immune dysregulation and inflammation associated with CV disease which is exacerbated with viral infection. Vitamin D plays a major role in immune function and exerts anti-inflammatory effects, which may prove important in the context of CVD and COVID-19. To date, studies have shown minimal benefit for vitamin D supplementation in patients with COVID-19, though there are no studies specific to patients with CVD and related complications. Further, given that vitamin D has important protective effects on the CV system, including augmentation of myocardial contractility and anti-thrombotic effects, it is unknown if supplementation with vitamin D can mitigate CVD complications associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Driggin
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mahesh V Madhavan
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Clinical Trial Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aakriti Gupta
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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13
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Effect of Evening Primrose Oil Supplementation on Biochemical Parameters and Nutrition of Patients Treated with Isotretinoin for Acne Vulgaris: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071342. [PMID: 35405955 PMCID: PMC9002552 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases. One of the therapeutic options recommended for severe acne or acne that has not responded to previous therapies is isotretinoin. However, its use may lead to adverse changes in the serum lipid profile and increased levels of transaminases. In this study, we evaluated the effect of supplementation with evening primrose oil in acne vulgaris patients treated with isotretinoin on blood lipid parameters and transaminase activity. Methods: Study participants were randomly assigned to two treatments: conventional with isotretinoin (25 patients) and novel with isotretinoin combined with evening primrose oil (4 × 510 mg/day; 25 patients) for 9 months. Results: Compared to isotretinoin treatment, isotretinoin treatment combined with evening primrose oil had a positive effect on TCH concentrations (mean: 198 vs. 161, p < 0.001), LDL (95.9 vs. 60.2, p < 0.001), HDL (51.0 vs. 48.0, p < 0.001), TG (114 vs. 95.0, p < 0.001), ALT (24.0 vs. 22.0, p < 0.001), and AST (28.0 vs. 22.0, p < 0.001), but had no effect on the energy and ingredient content of the diets (p > 0.05) after treatment. Conclusion: Evening primrose oil was found to have beneficial effects on lipid profiles and transaminase activity during isotretinoin treatment. However, longer studies are needed to make more reliable decisions regarding the use of evening primrose oil and its safety in clinical practice. The evening primrose oil treatment group also showed a reduction in dietary energy due to a reduction in dietary protein and carbohydrates.
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Hong J. A new perspective on cholesterol in pediatric health: association of vitamin D metabolism, respiratory diseases, and mental health problems. Clin Exp Pediatr 2022; 65:65-72. [PMID: 34886593 PMCID: PMC8841974 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2020.00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol, the main structural molecule of cell membranes, is involved in essential functions of the human body. Dyslipidemia is an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) that is observed even in childhood. To reduce the risk of CVDs in children, several clinical guidelines have been published for the management of pediatric dyslipidemia. However, pediatric dyslipidemia is also associated with several health problems other than CVDs. This article reviews the current data on dyslipidemia-related pediatric health issues. There is strong evidence that low serum vitamin D levels, asthma, and mental health problems may be associated with dyslipidemia in the pediatric population regardless of body mass index. This review also highlights the need for further large-scale population-based studies in the Korean pediatric population to establish effective strategies for promoting children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeana Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
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15
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Lauer AA, Griebsch LV, Pilz SM, Janitschke D, Theiss EL, Reichrath J, Herr C, Beisswenger C, Bals R, Valencak TG, Portius D, Grimm HS, Hartmann T, Grimm MOW. Impact of Vitamin D 3 Deficiency on Phosphatidylcholine-/Ethanolamine, Plasmalogen-, Lyso-Phosphatidylcholine-/Ethanolamine, Carnitine- and Triacyl Glyceride-Homeostasis in Neuroblastoma Cells and Murine Brain. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1699. [PMID: 34827697 PMCID: PMC8615687 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 hypovitaminosis is associated with several neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis but also with other diseases such as cancer, diabetes or diseases linked to inflammatory processes. Importantly, in all of these diseases lipids have at least a disease modifying effect. Besides its well-known property to modulate gene-expression via the VDR-receptor, less is known if vitamin D hypovitaminosis influences lipid homeostasis and if these potential changes contribute to the pathology of the diseases themselves. Therefore, we analyzed mouse brain with a mild vitamin D hypovitaminosis via a targeted shotgun lipidomic approach, including phosphatidylcholine, plasmalogens, lyso-phosphatidylcholine, (acyl-/acetyl-) carnitines and triglycerides. Alterations were compared with neuroblastoma cells cultivated in the presence and with decreased levels of vitamin D. Both in cell culture and in vivo, decreased vitamin D level resulted in changed lipid levels. While triglycerides were decreased, carnitines were increased under vitamin D hypovitaminosis suggesting an impact of vitamin D on energy metabolism. Additionally, lyso-phosphatidylcholines in particular saturated phosphatidylcholine (e.g., PC aa 48:0) and plasmalogen species (e.g., PC ae 42:0) tended to be increased. Our results suggest that vitamin D hypovitaminosis not only may affect gene expression but also may directly influence cellular lipid homeostasis and affect lipid turnover in disease states that are known for vitamin D hypovitaminosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Andrea Lauer
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (D.J.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.)
| | - Lea Victoria Griebsch
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (D.J.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.)
| | - Sabrina Melanie Pilz
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (D.J.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.)
| | - Daniel Janitschke
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (D.J.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.)
| | - Elena Leoni Theiss
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (D.J.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.)
| | - Jörg Reichrath
- Department of Dermatology, Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Christian Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (C.H.); (C.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Christoph Beisswenger
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (C.H.); (C.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Robert Bals
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (C.H.); (C.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Teresa Giovanna Valencak
- Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Germany;
- College of Animal Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dorothea Portius
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Gera, SRH University of Applied Health Science, 07548 Gera, Germany;
| | - Heike Sabine Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (D.J.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.)
| | - Tobias Hartmann
- Deutsches Institut für Demenzprävention, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Marcus Otto Walter Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (L.V.G.); (S.M.P.); (D.J.); (E.L.T.); (H.S.G.)
- Deutsches Institut für Demenzprävention, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Science, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany
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16
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Nikooyeh B, Neyestani TR. Contribution of vitamin D status as a determinant of cardiometabolic risk factors: a structural equation model, National Food and Nutrition Surveillance. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1819. [PMID: 34627185 PMCID: PMC8501625 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11839-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a method used to evaluate linear causal relationships among variables. This study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect effects of serum 25(OH) D on certain cardiovascular risk factors using SEM. Methods An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in six provinces of Iran. Subjects (n = 922), aged 19–65 years, were selected from National Food and Nutrition Surveillance. The assessments were sun-exposure behavior, anthropometric and biochemical measurements. A series of SEM models were tested and the model with the best fit indices was considered for use in the structural part of the model. Based on the literature review of previous theoretical models and supporting bivariate analyses, an overall SEM examined direct or indirect associations among observed and latent variables. We put the demographic, duration of sun exposure, anthropometric and metabolic variables in our model. Results The paths between serum 25(OH) D and BMI were inverse and statistically significant, whereas age showed a positive association with BMI (B = 0.06, p < 0.001), both direct (st. effect = 0.11, p = 0.01) and indirect via vitamin D (st. effect = − 0.02, p = 0.01). The results confirmed that serum 25(OH) D concentration is a predictor for latent variable of lipid profile (B = − 0.13, p = 0.01) both through direct (p = 0.02) and indirect effects via BMI (p = 0.01). Conclusion Serum 25(OH) D concentration is a predictor of BMI and also a latent variable of lipid profile via direct and indirect effects. It can also attenuate the harmful effect of age on BMI and lipid profile particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Nikooyeh
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran
| | - Tirang R Neyestani
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran.
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17
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Setayesh L, Amini A, Bagheri R, Moradi N, Yarizadeh H, Asbaghi O, Casazza K, Yekaninejad MS, Wong A, Suzuki K, Mirzaei K. Elevated Plasma Concentrations of Vitamin D-Binding Protein Are Associated with Lower High-Density Lipoprotein and Higher Fat Mass Index in Overweight and Obese Women. Nutrients 2021; 13:3223. [PMID: 34579103 PMCID: PMC8472481 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Observational studies have established that vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D) concentrations are the major factors affecting the bioavailability of 25(OH)D. It has also been shown that poor 25(OH)D bioavailability elevates the risk of obesity and its related cardio-metabolic disorders. However, the relationship between 25(OH)D and DBP concentrations with cardio-metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese cohorts has not been established. Consequently, we evaluated the association between DBP and 25(OH)D concentrations with lipid profile, blood pressure (BP), and body composition in overweight and obese women. (2) Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 236 overweight and obese women, DBP and 25(OH)D concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Body composition was assessed via bioelectrical impedance analysis. Lipid profile and BP were assessed by an auto-analyzer and digital BP monitor, respectively. The associations were examined by multivariate logistic regression. (3) Results: The indicated showed an inverse relationship between DBP and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p = 0.010) concentrations (where individuals with higher DBP had lower HDL) which, after adjusting for possible cofounders, remained significant (p = 0.006). Moreover, DBP concentration was positively associated with fat mass index (FMI) after adjustment (p = 0.022). No significant relationships were observed among 25(OH)D and target variables. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, lower concentrations of HDL and higher values of FMI are associated with higher concentrations of DBP in overweight and obese women. These findings present novel awareness regarding the association of DBP with some metabolic and body composition variables in overweight and obese women. However, a two-way causal relationship between DBP and target variables should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Setayesh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (L.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Abbas Amini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Australian College of Kuwait, Safat 13015, Kuwait;
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran;
| | - Nariman Moradi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj 6617713446, Iran;
| | - Habib Yarizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (L.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran;
| | - Krista Casazza
- Marieb College of Health and Human Services, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA;
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran;
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA 22207, USA;
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo 2-579-15, Japan
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (L.S.); (H.Y.)
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Šarac I, Jovanović J, Zec M, Pavlović Z, Debeljak-Martačić J, Zeković M, Milešević J, Gurinović M, Glibetić M. Vitamin D Status and Its Correlation With Anthropometric and Biochemical Indicators of Cardiometabolic Risk in Serbian Underground Coal Miners in 2016. Front Nutr 2021; 8:689214. [PMID: 34490320 PMCID: PMC8417231 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.689214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The status of vitamin D in underground working coal miners and its association with their cardiometabolic health is rarely studied. This study aimed to examine vitamin D (VitD) status in Serbian underground coal miners and to correlate it with anthropometric and laboratory indicators of cardiometabolic risk. Nutritional data (food frequency questionnaire, FFQ, and two times repeated 24 h recall), anthropometric data (including segmental analysis by bio-impedance analyzer TANITA BC-545N), arterial tension, and biochemical and hematological data of 103 coal miners (aged 22-63 years) were correlated with their late summer (early September) serum 25 (OH)D levels (measured by HPLC). 68.9% of the studied coal miners were overweight/obese, and 48.5% had metabolic syndrome. Their mean VitD nutritional intakes were low: 5.3 ± 3.8 μg/day (FFQ) and 4.9 ± 8 μg/day (24 h recalls), but their mean serum 25 (OH)D levels were surprisingly high (143.7 ± 41.4 nmol/L). Only 2.9% of the coal miners had 25(OH)D levels lower than 75 nmol/L (indicating an insufficient/deficient status), while 63.2% had values above 125 nmol/L (upper optimal limit), and even 10.7% had values above 200 nmol/L. There were no statistical differences in 25 (OH)D levels in the coal miners with or without metabolic syndrome (or overweight/obesity). Interestingly, 25(OH)D levels had significant positive correlations with body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), fat mass percentage (FM%), limbs FM%, serum triglycerides, GGT, AST, ALT, and ALT/AST ratio, and had significant negative correlations with serum HDL-cholesterol and age. All these correlations were lost after corrections for age, FM, FM%, and legs FM%. In Serbian coal miners, high levels of early September VitD levels were observed, indicating sufficient non-working-hour sun exposure during the summer period. Furthermore, the unexpected positive correlations of VitD levels with anthropometric and biochemical parameters indicative of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver disease were found. More research is needed on the VitD status of coal miners (particularly in the winter period) and its relationship with their cardiometabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šarac
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovica Jovanović
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Health, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Manja Zec
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Pavlović
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Institute for Public Health Požarevac, Požarevac, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Debeljak-Martačić
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Zeković
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milešević
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Gurinović
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maria Glibetić
- Laboratory for Public Health Nutrition, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Zhuang Z, Yu C, Guo Y, Bian Z, Yang L, Millwood IY, Walters RG, Chen Y, Xu Q, Zou M, Chen J, Chen Z, Lv J, Huang T, Li L. Metabolic Signatures of Genetically Elevated Vitamin D Among Chinese: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e3249-e3260. [PMID: 33596318 PMCID: PMC7612493 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Observational studies have suggested that higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are associated with favorable serum lipids and related metabolites. However, whether such observations reflect causality remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the causal effect of elevated 25(OH)D with a detailed systemic metabolite profile in Chinese adults. METHODS A total of 225 lipid and other metabolites were quantified in 4662 individuals in the China Kadoorie Biobank. Instrumental variable analyses were performed to test the causal associations of plasma 25(OH)D with lipids and metabolites. RESULTS Higher plasma 25(OH)D was related to favorable lipid profiles in observational analyses. The genetic risk score was robustly correlated with observed 25(OH)D (beta[SE] = 3.54 [0.32]; P < 1 × 10-5, F-statistic = 122.3) and explained 8.4% of the variation in 25(OH)D in the Chinese population. For all individual metabolites, the causal estimates were not significant at the threshold P < 5 × 10-4 (multiple testing corrected). However, a Mendelian randomization (MR) estimate showed that per 1-SD increase in genetically determined 25(OH)D was suggestive of association with decreased levels of cholesterol, lipoprotein particles, and phospholipids within very small very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) (P ≤ 0.05, nominal significance). For amino acids, fatty acids, ketone bodies, glycoprotein acetyls, fatty acids, and other traits, we did not observe any significant causal association. CONCLUSIONS The MR analysis of metabolic data based a population-based cohort suggested a potential causal association of plasma 25(OH)D with cholesterol, lipoprotein particle, phospholipid concentrations, and total lipids within very small VLDL and IDL. Our findings highlight a long-term effect of 25(OH)D levels in maintaining healthy lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhuang Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iona Y. Millwood
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Robin G. Walters
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yiping Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Qinai Xu
- NCDs Prevention and Control Department, Nangang CDC, Harbin, China
| | | | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China
- Corresponding authors: Liming Li, MD, MPH, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China, Phone: 86-10-82801528, ; Jun Lv, PhD, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China, Phone: 86-10-82801528, ; Tao Huang, PhD, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China, Phone: 86-10-82801528,
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Corresponding authors: Liming Li, MD, MPH, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China, Phone: 86-10-82801528, ; Jun Lv, PhD, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China, Phone: 86-10-82801528, ; Tao Huang, PhD, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China, Phone: 86-10-82801528,
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Corresponding authors: Liming Li, MD, MPH, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China, Phone: 86-10-82801528, ; Jun Lv, PhD, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China, Phone: 86-10-82801528, ; Tao Huang, PhD, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China, Phone: 86-10-82801528,
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Surdu AM, Pînzariu O, Ciobanu DM, Negru AG, Căinap SS, Lazea C, Iacob D, Săraci G, Tirinescu D, Borda IM, Cismaru G. Vitamin D and Its Role in the Lipid Metabolism and the Development of Atherosclerosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:172. [PMID: 33572397 PMCID: PMC7916166 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D, a crucial hormone in the homeostasis and metabolism of calcium bone, has lately been found to produce effects on other physiological and pathological processes genomically and non-genomically, including the cardiovascular system. While lower baseline vitamin D levels have been correlated with atherogenic blood lipid profiles, 25(OH)D supplementation influences the levels of serum lipids in that it lowers the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol and increases the levels of HDL-cholesterol, all of which are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Vitamin D is also involved in the development of atherosclerosis at the site of the blood vessels. Deficiency of this vitamin has been found to increase adhesion molecules or endothelial activation and, at the same time, supplementation is linked to the lowering presence of adhesion surrogates. Vitamin D can also influence the vascular tone by increasing endothelial nitric oxide production, as seen in supplementation studies. Deficiency can lead, at the same time, to oxidative stress and an increase in inflammation as well as the expression of particular immune cells that play a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis in the intima of the blood vessels, i.e., monocytes and macrophages. Vitamin D is also involved in atherogenesis through inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency is consistently associated with cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction, STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina, ischemic stroke, cardiovascular death, and increased mortality after acute stroke. Conversely, vitamin D supplementation does not seem to produce beneficial effects in cohorts with intermediate baseline vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Mihai Surdu
- Fifth Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Clinic, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Pînzariu
- Sixth Department of Medical Specialties, Endocrinology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Dana-Mihaela Ciobanu
- Sixth Department of Medical Specialties, Diabetes and Nutritional Diseases, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Alina-Gabriela Negru
- Cardiology Department, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Simona-Sorana Căinap
- Pediatric Clinic No 2, Cardiology Department, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cecilia Lazea
- Pediatric Clinic No 1, Cardiology Department, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Daniela Iacob
- Pediatric Clinic No 3, Cardiology Department, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - George Săraci
- Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Dacian Tirinescu
- Sixth Department of Medical Specialties, Nephrology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ileana Monica Borda
- Sixth Department of Medical Specialties, Medical Rehabilitation, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Gabriel Cismaru
- Fifth Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology-Rehabilitation, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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21
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Derakhshandeh-Rishehri SM, Ghobadi S, Akhlaghi M, Faghih S. The effect of calcium supplement intake on lipid profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:2093-2102. [PMID: 33226265 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1850414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the potential role of dietary calcium in fat excretion, the favorable effects of calcium supplements on lipid profile remains inconclusive. The current study aimed to review the effect of calcium supplement intake on lipid profile in randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Central. RCTs which assessed the effects of calcium supplementation on lipid profile were included. All outcomes were recorded as continuous variables, and the effect size was measured. We classified studies according to dose of supplement, study duration, and dyslipidemia. Calcium supplement intake was associated with a significant reduction in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level (WMD:-0.08; 95%CI:-0.16,-0.01)(mmol/l), especially with intakes of at least 1000 mg/day (WMD:-0.13; 95%CI:-0.23,-0.03)(mmol/l), with intakes of at least 12 weeks (WMD:-0.08; 95%CI: -0.16,-0.00)(mmol/l), and in individuals without dyslipidemia (WMD:-0.15; 95%CI:-0.26,-0.04)(mmol/l). Also, in another subgroup analysis, consumption of less than 1000 mg/day calcium supplement caused a significant increase in Total Cholesterol (TC) level (WMD: 0.24; 95%CI: 0.05,0.42) (mmol/l). In other blood lipids or study subgroups we observed no significant effect. We concluded that calcium supplements had a favorable effect on LDL-C level, especially in individuals without dyslipidemia, higher calcium intakes, and longer period of consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Ghobadi
- Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of community nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of community nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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22
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Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Lipid Profile in Adults with the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113352. [PMID: 33143204 PMCID: PMC7692169 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, with atherogenic dyslipidemia being a major contributing factor. METHODS A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to assess whether vitamin D supplementation (VDS) alleviates dyslipidemia in adults with MetS. Scientific databases (PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) and the gray literature were searched for randomized controlled trials of VDS, reporting on blood lipids. A narrative review, meta-analyses, sensitivity analyses, and appraisal of the risk of bias and overall quality of evidence produced were conducted. RESULTS Seven studies were included, and four were meta-analyzed. The risk of bias was generally low, and the final quality of evidence was low or very low. VDS, whether in high or low dose, significantly increased endline vitamin D blood levels; did not affect total, low-density, high-density cholesterol levels, and novel lipid-related biomarkers; yet, significantly increased triglycerides (TG) levels compared with placebo (MD: 30.67 (95%CI: 4.89-56.45) mg/dL; p = 0.02 for low-dose VDS; and MD: 27.33 (95%CI: 2.06-52.59) mg/dL; p = 0.03 for high-dose VDS). Pertaining heterogeneity was high (I2 = 86%; and I2 = 51%, respectively), and some included studies had significantly higher baseline TG in the intervention arm. The sensitivity analyses revealed robust results. CONCLUSION VDS seems not to affect blood lipids in adults with MetS.
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23
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Samaranayake DBDL, Adikaram SGS, Atapattu N, Kendaragama KMDLD, Senevirathne JTN, Jayasekera HD, Wickramasinghe VP. Vitamin D supplementation in obese Sri Lankan children: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:426. [PMID: 32891139 PMCID: PMC7487456 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02329-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Micronutrient deficiencies are identified among obese individuals. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is prevalent in obese children, and is hypothesized to cause insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities. This study aimed to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on obesity and related metabolic abnormalities among obese Sri Lankan children with VDD. Methods A triple-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted among vitamin D deficient (< 20 ng/ml), obese children (n = 96), randomly allocated to three intervention arms - treatment arm receiving weekly vitamin D2 50,000 IU; supplementation arm receiving 2500 IU weekly and control arm, receiving placebo. Anthropometry, percentage fat mass (%FM) and blood pressure were assessed and fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, lipid profile, aspartate transaminase (ALT), alanine transaminase (AST), vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and hs-CRP and OGTT with 2-h random blood glucose and insulin was performed at baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment. Ethics Review Committee of Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo approved the protocol. Results Waist circumference Z-score, %FM and serum calcium significantly improved across all three arms, ALT significantly improved in treatment and supplementation arms while, BMI Z-score, PTH and vitamin D significantly improved in the treatment arm. Biceps (p = 0.035) and subscapular (0.048) skin fold thickness, vitamin D (p = 0.004) and ALT (p = 0.012) significantly improved in the treatment arm. Conclusions A strict dietary and physical activity regimen could improve some of the anthropometric, body composition and metabolic profiles, but high dose vitamin D, enhances those improvements. Therefore high dose vitamin D seems to potentiate management outcomes of obese children with vitamin D deficiency. Trial registration The study was registered at the Sri Lanka Clinical Trials Registry (SLCTR/2015/017) on 12th September 2015 at https://slctr.lk/trials/slctr-2015-017.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B D L Samaranayake
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - N Atapattu
- Lady Ridgeway Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - J T N Senevirathne
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - H D Jayasekera
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - V P Wickramasinghe
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
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24
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Chen LW, Chien CH, Kuo SF, Yu CY, Lin CL, Chien RN. Low vitamin D level was associated with metabolic syndrome and high leptin level in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a community-based study. BMC Gastroenterol 2019; 19:126. [PMID: 31311491 PMCID: PMC6636103 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-019-1040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) parameters, such as metabolic syndrome (MS), inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor, high sensitive C-reactive protein) and adipokines (adiponectin, leptin). Methods From August 2013 to August 2016, a community-based study was performed in the north-eastern region of Taiwan. All subjects received a demographic survey, blood testing and abdominal ultrasonography (US). The vitamin D level was evaluated by quartile divide or used the classification of deficiency (< 20 ng/ml), insufficiency (20–30 ng/ml) and sufficiency (> 30 ng/ml). Results Subjects were divided into NAFLD group and normal control (subjects number = 564 in each group) following abdominal US study and matching age and gender. The mean age was 57.1 years in NAFLD group and 57.5 in control group. Subjects in NAFLD group had a lower mean vitamin D than those in the control group (28.5 ± 9.5 ng/ml vs. 29.9 ± 10.2 ng/ml, P = 0.018). Subjects with serum vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency had higher odds for MS than those with sufficient vitamin D levels [deficiency vs. sufficiency, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) =1.860 (95% CI = 1.234–2.804), P = 0.003; insufficiency vs. sufficiency, aOR = 1.669 (95% CI = 1.237–2.251), P = 0.001]. Similarly, subjects in the lowest quartile of vitamin D had higher odds for MS than those in the highest quartile of vitamin D (aOR = 2.792, 95% CI = 1.719–4.538, P < 0.001). Vitamin D level was positively correlated with age and male, but negatively correlated with serum leptin level. Conclusion Subjects with low vitamin D level had higher odds for MS, but higher levels of leptin, compared to those with high vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, 12F, No 222, Mai-Jin Road, Keelung, Taiwan, 20401.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, 12F, No 222, Mai-Jin Road, Keelung, Taiwan, 20401
| | - Cheng-Hung Chien
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, 12F, No 222, Mai-Jin Road, Keelung, Taiwan, 20401.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, 12F, No 222, Mai-Jin Road, Keelung, Taiwan, 20401
| | - Sheng-Fong Kuo
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, 12F, No 222, Mai-Jin Road, Keelung, Taiwan, 20401.,Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, 12F, No 222, Mai-Jin Road, Keelung, Taiwan, 20401.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, 12F, No 222, Mai-Jin Road, Keelung, Taiwan, 20401
| | - Chih-Lang Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, 12F, No 222, Mai-Jin Road, Keelung, Taiwan, 20401.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, 12F, No 222, Mai-Jin Road, Keelung, Taiwan, 20401
| | - Rong-Nan Chien
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, 12F, No 222, Mai-Jin Road, Keelung, Taiwan, 20401. .,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, 12F, No 222, Mai-Jin Road, Keelung, Taiwan, 20401.
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25
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Relationship between Vitamin D Level and Lipid Profile in Non-Obese Children. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9070125. [PMID: 31262034 PMCID: PMC6680594 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9070125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with not only cardiovascular disease itself but also cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity, hypertension, diabetes, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D level and lipid profile in non-obese children. A total of 243 non-obese healthy volunteers, aged 9-18 years, were enrolled from March to May 2017. Their height and weight were measured, and body mass index was calculated. Subjects underwent blood tests, including measurements of vitamin D (25(OH)D) level and lipid panels, and were divided into either the vitamin D-deficient group (<20 ng/mL) or normal group. The student's t-test and a simple linear regression analysis were used to estimate the association between vitamin D level and lipid profile. Overall, 69.5% of non-obese children (n = 169) had a 25(OH)D level of less than 20 ng/mL. The vitamin D-deficient group showed higher triglyceride (TG) level and TG/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio than the normal group (TG level: 90.27 vs. 74.74 mmol/L, p = 0.003; TG/HDL-C ratio: 1.753 vs. 1.358, p = 0.003). Vitamin D level seems to affect the lipid profile, even in non-obese children, and a low vitamin D level may progress to dyslipidemia or obesity in non-obese children.
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Ferreira PP, Cangussu L, Bueloni-Dias FN, Orsatti CL, Schmitt EB, Nahas-Neto J, Nahas EAP. Vitamin D supplementation improves the metabolic syndrome risk profile in postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2019; 23:24-31. [PMID: 31134822 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2019.1611761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of isolated vitamin D (VD) supplementation on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk profile in postmenopausal women.Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 160 postmenopausal women aged 50-65 years were randomized into two groups: VD group, supplementation with 1000 IU vitamin D3/day (n = 80); or placebo group (n = 80). The intervention time was 9 months, and the women were assessed at baseline and endpoint. Clinical and anthropometric data were collected. Biochemical parameters, including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, glucose, and insulin, were measured. The plasma concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography.Results: After 9 months, there was a significant increase in the 25(OH)D levels for VD group (+45.4%, p < 0.001), and a decrease (-18.5%, p = 0.049) in the placebo group. In the VD group, a significant reduction was observed in triglycerides (-12.2%, p = 0.001), insulin (-13.7%, p = 0.008), and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (-17.9%, p = 0.007). In the placebo group, there was an increase in glucose (+6.2%, p = 0.009). Analysis of the risk adjusted for age, time since menopause, and body mass index showed that women supplemented with VD had a lower risk of MetS (odds ratio [OR] 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21-0.83), hypertriglyceridemia (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.22-0.85), and hyperglycemia (OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.10-0.52) compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05).Conclusions: In postmenopausal women with VD deficiency, isolated supplementation with 1000 IU vitamin D3 for 9 months was associated with a reduction in the MetS risk profile. Women undergoing VD supplementation had a lower risk of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Ferreira
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Cangussu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - F N Bueloni-Dias
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C L Orsatti
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E B Schmitt
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Nahas-Neto
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E A P Nahas
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Parameters of Bone and Cardiovascular Health Related to 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status in Emirati Nationals attending Primary Care and Diabetes services: a retrospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3835. [PMID: 30846793 PMCID: PMC6405844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40523-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is endemic in people living in the Gulf states. We performed a retrospective analysis of data gathered at the first attendance of 82,396 Emirati nationals to outpatient diabetes, endocrinology and general primary care services at two centres in the United Arab Emirates during 2012–2016. Our aim was to explore associations between vitamin D status and markers of cardiovascular and bone health. In the study population, 67.1% of men and 73.5% of women had serum 25(OH)D of less than 50 nmol/L, with the lowest levels being found in young adults. Among Emirati adults with type 2 diabetes, serum 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L was associated with an increased risk of a coexisting adverse total cholesterol:HDL (TC:HDL) ratio (odds ratio 2.13 (1.60–2.84), p < 0.001). Correcting for age, sex, body mass index, HbA1c and statin therapy, an increase in 25(OH)D of 1 nmol/L was associated with a 0.01 unit reduction in TC:HDL in this population. In a subset of 1064 adult individuals, 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L was associated with a reduction in DEXA-measured z-score of −0.29 (−0.44 to −0.15, p < 0.001) at the femoral neck and of −0.25(−0.45 to −0.05, p = 0.015) at L1–4, corrected for body mass index, compared with individuals with 25(OH)D ≥ 75 nmol/L. Our findings raise concerns regarding lifetime burden of cardiovascular disease and bone health for young Emiratis with vitamin D deficiency.
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Farag HAM, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Muhammad BA, Esmaillzadeh A, Hamid El Bilbeisi A. Effects of vitamin D supplementation along with endurance physical activity on lipid profile in metabolic syndrome patients: A randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1093-1098. [PMID: 31336450 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to determine the effects of vitamin D supplementation along with endurance physical activity on lipid profile among metabolic syndrome patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a parallel randomized placebo controlled trial, 70 metabolic syndrome patients, were randomly assigned into three groups. Biochemical tests were assessed as baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS The mean vitamin D levels was increased significantly in both vitamin D and vitamin D plus physical activity groups (P value < 0.05). No significant change was observed in the placebo group. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in total cholesterol and LDL-C in vitamin D plus physical activity group (P value < 0.05). No significant differences in changes of triglycerides and HDL-C among the three groups (P value > 0.05). While, in vitamin D group a decreased in total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and increase in triglycerides were observed, but did not reach a statistically significant. CONCLUSION Daily supplementation of vitamin D for 12 weeks, along with moderate endurance physical activity, significantly increase vitamin D concentration and induce a significant reduction in lipid profile in metabolic syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halgord Ali M Farag
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Science, International Campus (TUMS- IC), Tehran, Iran; Halabja Technical Institute, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Kurdistan, Iraq.
| | - Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Science, International Campus (TUMS- IC), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Belal A Muhammad
- Halabja Technical Institute, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Kurdistan, Iraq.
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abdel Hamid El Bilbeisi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Science, International Campus (TUMS- IC), Tehran, Iran.
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Potential causal associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with lipids: a Mendelian randomization approach of the HUNT study. Eur J Epidemiol 2018; 34:57-66. [PMID: 30465296 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-018-0465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Observational studies have shown consistent associations between higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and favorable serum lipids. We sought to investigate if such associations were causal. A Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted on a population-based cohort comprising 56,435 adults in Norway. A weighted 25(OH)D allele score was generated based on vitamin D-increasing alleles of rs2282679, rs12785878 and rs10741657. Linear regression analyses of serum lipid levels on the allele score were performed to assess the presence of causal associations of serum 25(OH)D with the lipids. To quantify the causal effects, the inverse-variance weighted method was used for calculating MR estimates based on summarized data of individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms. The MR estimate with 95% confidence interval (CI) represents percentage difference in the lipid level per genetically determined 25 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D. The 25(OH)D allele score demonstrated a clear association with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p = 0.007) but no association with total or non-HDL cholesterol or triglycerides (p ≥ 0.27). The MR estimate showed 2.52% (95% CI 0.79-4.25%) increase in HDL cholesterol per genetically determined 25 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D, which was stronger than the corresponding estimate of 1.83% (95% CI 0.85-2.81%) from the observational analysis. The MR estimates for total cholesterol (0.60%, 95% CI - 0.73 to 1.94%), non-HDL cholesterol (0.04%, 95% CI - 1.79 to 1.88%) and triglycerides (- 2.74%, 95% CI - 6.16 to 0.67%) showed no associations. MR analysis of data from a population-based cohort suggested a causal and positive association between serum 25(OH)D and HDL cholesterol.
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Kubiak J, Thorsby PM, Kamycheva E, Jorde R. Vitamin D supplementation does not improve CVD risk factors in vitamin D-insufficient subjects. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:840-849. [PMID: 29764903 PMCID: PMC6000752 DOI: 10.1530/ec-18-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and some of its risk factors. However, in interventional studies, the effects of vitamin D supplementation have been uncertain, possibly due to inclusion of vitamin D-sufficient subjects. Our aim was therefore to examine effects of vitamin D supplementation on CVD risk factors in vitamin D-insufficient subjects. DESIGN Double-blinded randomized controlled trial. METHODS A 4-month interventional study with high-dose vitamin D (100,000 IU loading dose, followed by 20,000 IU/week) or placebo with measurements of blood pressure, lipids (total-, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoproteins A1 and B), and glucose metabolism parameters (blood glucose, HbA1c, serum human receptors for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), insulin, C-peptide and HOMA-IR). RESULTS A total of 422 subjects with mean serum 25(OH)D level 34 nmol/L were included, with 411 subjects completing the study. Serum 25(OH)D levels increased with 56 nmol/L and decreased with 4 nmol/L in the vitamin D and placebo group, respectively. We found no statistically significant differences between the two groups in any of the measured CVD risk factors, except for a minor increase in sRAGE in the vitamin D group. Stratified analyses of subjects with low baseline serum 25(OH)D levels alone, or combined with blood pressure, lipid and HOMA-IR values above the median for the cohort, did not skew the results in favour of vitamin D supplementation. CONCLUSION Supplementation with vitamin D in subjects with baseline vitamin D insufficiency does not improve CVD risk factor profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kubiak
- Tromsø Endocrine Research GroupDepartment of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Per Medbøe Thorsby
- Department of Medical BiochemistryPer Medbøe Thorsby, Hormone Laboratory, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Norway
| | - Elena Kamycheva
- Tromsø Endocrine Research GroupDepartment of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Division of Internal MedicineUniversity Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rolf Jorde
- Tromsø Endocrine Research GroupDepartment of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Division of Internal MedicineUniversity Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Bruins J, Jörg F, van den Heuvel ER, Bartels-Velthuis AA, Corpeleijn E, Muskiet FAJ, Pijnenborg GHM, Bruggeman R. The relation of vitamin D, metabolic risk and negative symptom severity in people with psychotic disorders. Schizophr Res 2018; 195:513-518. [PMID: 28927862 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Bruins
- Lentis Mental Health Institution, Hereweg 80, 9725 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, Hanzeplein 1 (CC72), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - F Jörg
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, Hanzeplein 1 (CC72), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; GGZ Friesland Mental Health Institution, Sixmastraat 2, 8932 PA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
| | - E R van den Heuvel
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, P.O. Box 513, MetaForum, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - A A Bartels-Velthuis
- Lentis Mental Health Institution, Hereweg 80, 9725 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, Hanzeplein 1 (CC72), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - E Corpeleijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Hanzeplein 1 (CC72), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - F A J Muskiet
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Postbus 30.001 (EA40), 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - G H M Pijnenborg
- University of Groningen, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Department of Clinical Psychology & Experimental Psychopathology, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands; GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Institution, Dennenweg 9, 9404 LA Assen, The Netherlands.
| | - R Bruggeman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Rob Giel Research Center, Hanzeplein 1 (CC72), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Environmental selection during the last ice age on the mother-to-infant transmission of vitamin D and fatty acids through breast milk. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E4426-E4432. [PMID: 29686092 PMCID: PMC5948952 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1711788115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequency of the human-specific EDAR V370A isoform is highly elevated in North and East Asian populations. The gene is known to have several pleiotropic effects, among which are sweat gland density and ductal branching in the mammary gland. The former has led some geneticists to argue that the near-fixation of this allele was caused by selection for modulation of thermoregulatory sweating. We provide an alternative hypothesis, that selection instead acted on the allele’s effect of increasing ductal branching in the mammary gland, thereby amplifying the transfer of critical nutrients to infants via mother’s milk. This is likely to have occurred during the Last Glacial Maximum when a human population was genetically isolated in the high-latitude environment of the Beringia. Because of the ubiquitous adaptability of our material culture, some human populations have occupied extreme environments that intensified selection on existing genomic variation. By 32,000 years ago, people were living in Arctic Beringia, and during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 28,000–18,000 y ago), they likely persisted in the Beringian refugium. Such high latitudes provide only very low levels of UV radiation, and can thereby lead to dangerously low levels of biosynthesized vitamin D. The physiological effects of vitamin D deficiency range from reduced dietary absorption of calcium to a compromised immune system and modified adipose tissue function. The ectodysplasin A receptor (EDAR) gene has a range of pleiotropic effects, including sweat gland density, incisor shoveling, and mammary gland ductal branching. The frequency of the human-specific EDAR V370A allele appears to be uniquely elevated in North and East Asian and New World populations due to a bout of positive selection likely to have occurred circa 20,000 y ago. The dental pleiotropic effects of this allele suggest an even higher occurrence among indigenous people in the Western Hemisphere before European colonization. We hypothesize that selection on EDAR V370A occurred in the Beringian refugium because it increases mammary ductal branching, and thereby may amplify the transfer of critical nutrients in vitamin D-deficient conditions to infants via mothers’ milk. This hypothesized selective context for EDAR V370A was likely intertwined with selection on the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster because it is known to modulate lipid profiles transmitted to milk from a vitamin D-rich diet high in omega-3 fatty acids.
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Vitamin D supplementation and lipoprotein metabolism: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Lipidol 2018; 12:588-596.e4. [PMID: 29653812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2018.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an unfavorable lipid profile, but whether and how vitamin D supplementation affects lipid metabolism is unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of vitamin D supplementation on lipid and lipoprotein parameters. METHODS This is a post hoc analysis of the single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Styrian Vitamin D Hypertension Trial (2011-2014). Two hundred individuals with arterial hypertension and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of <75 nmol/L were randomized to 2800 IU of vitamin D daily or placebo for 8 weeks. RESULTS One hundred sixty-three participants (62.2 [53.1-68.4] years of age; 46% women) had available lipid data and were included in this analysis. Vitamin D supplementation significantly increased total cholesterol, triglycerides, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) triglycerides, apolipoprotein B (ApoB), LDL-ApoB, ApoCII, ApoCIII, phospholipids, and ApoE (P < .05 for all). Except for ApoCII and ApoCIII and HDL-triglycerides, all other treatment effects remained statistically significant after adjustment for multiple testing with the Benjamini and Hochberg false discovery rate method. There was a nonsignificant increase in LDL cholesterol. Furthermore, no significant effects were seen on free fatty acids, lipoprotein (a), ApoAI, ApoAII, VLDL cholesterol, VLDL-ApoB, HDL cholesterol, LDL diameter, and VLDL diameter. CONCLUSIONS The effects of vitamin D on lipid metabolism are potentially unfavorable. They require further investigation in view of the wide use of vitamin D testing and treatment.
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Sharifi N, Amani R. Vitamin D supplementation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A critical and systematic review of clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:693-703. [PMID: 29035092 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1389693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous observational studies have found a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, this type of study could not show the causal relationship between these two conditions. Therefore, we systematically and critically reviewed the available clinical trials to elucidate such relationship. We searched databases such as Medline, Scopus and Cochrane to identify the clinical trials that assessed the effects of vitamin D supplementation in adults with NAFLD. The outcome variables of interest were indicators of hepatic steatosis, liver enzymes, insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress. A total of 6 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. Only in two studies the grade of hepatic steatosis decreased significantly after vitamin D supplementation. The changes in insulin resistance parameters were reported significant only in one. Of the 3 included studies that measured biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, one revealed a significant decrease in these biomarkers after vitamin D supplementation. Findings from current review study provided new insight into the factors that could affect the therapeutic role of vitamin D in NAFLD. Factors such as gender differences, baseline serum status of vitamin D, co-supplementation with calcium and gene polymorphism should be considered when designing future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Sharifi
- a Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases , Kashan University of Medical Sciences , Kashan , Iran
| | - Reza Amani
- b Food Security Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition , School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
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Schmitt EB, Nahas-Neto J, Bueloni-Dias F, Poloni PF, Orsatti CL, Petri Nahas EA. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2017; 107:97-102. [PMID: 29169589 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between vitamin D (VD) deficiency and risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) in postmenopausal women. STUDY DESIGN Observational, cross-sectional cohort study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES In this study, 463 women, aged 45-75 years, with amenorrhea >12months, without VD supplementation or established cardiovascular disease were included. Clinical and anthropometric data were collected. Biochemical parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL, triglycerides, glucose, insulin and 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25(OH)D] were measured. Women meeting three or more of the following criteria were diagnosed with MetS: waist circumference >88cm, triglycerides ≥150mg/dL, HDL <50mg/dL, blood pressure ≥130/85mmHg and glucose ≥100mg/dL. Serum 25(OH)D levels were classified as sufficient (≥30ng/mL), insufficient (20-29ng/mL) or deficient (<20ng/mL). ANOVA, chi-square test and logistic regression (odds ratio, OR) were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D levels were sufficient in 148 women (32.0%), insufficient in 151 (32.6%) and deficient in 164 (35.4%). Women with low 25(OH)D levels had higher TC, triglycerides, insulin and HOMA-IR levels (p<0.05). MetS was detected in 57.8% (182/315) of women with hypovitaminosis D (insufficient and deficient) and in 39.8% (59/148) of those with sufficient VD (p=0.003). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, a low 25(OH)D level (<30ng/mL) was significantly associated with MetS (OR1.90, 95%CI=1.26-2.85), high triglyceride levels (OR1.55, 95%CI=1.13-2.35), and low HDL levels (OR1.60, 95%CI=1.19-2.40) (p<0.05) compared with women with sufficient 25(OH)D levels, after adjusting for age, time since menopause, body mass index, smoking and physical exercise. The mean concentration of 25(OH)D decreased with increasing numbers of MetS components (p=0.016). CONCLUSIONS VD deficiency in postmenopausal women was associated with a higher prevalence of MetS. Women with VD deficiency had a higher risk of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL than those with adequate levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneida Boteon Schmitt
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Nahas-Neto
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia Bueloni-Dias
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Ferreira Poloni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio Lera Orsatti
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliana Aguiar Petri Nahas
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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No effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a pilot randomised study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 2:e52-e60. [PMID: 29242845 PMCID: PMC5728078 DOI: 10.5114/amsad.2017.70504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) may have lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)VitD) serum levels compared with non-MetS individuals. Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is associated with various cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Yet, the effect of VitD supplementation on MetS remains uncertain. Our aim was to examine the effect of VitD supplementation on CVD risk factors in MetS subjects. Material and methods This pilot study had a PROBE (prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded end-point) design. Fifty patients with MetS were included and randomised either to dietary instructions (n = 25) (control group) or dietary instructions plus VitD 2000 IU/day (n = 25) (VitD group) for 3 months. This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01237769). Results In both groups a similar small weight reduction was achieved. In the VitD group serum 25(OH)VitD levels significantly increased by 91% (from 16.0 (3.0–35.0) to 30.6 (8.4–67.0) ng/ml, p < 0.001), while in the control group no significant change was observed (from 10.0 (4.0–39.6) to 13.0 (3.5–37.0) ng/ml). In both groups triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, haemoglobin A1c, homeostasis model assessment index and diastolic blood pressure did not significantly change. Systolic blood pressure decreased by 3.7% (from 134 ±14 to 129 ±13 mm Hg, p = 0.05) in the VitD group, while it decreased by 1.5% (from 132 ±13 to 130 ±16 mm Hg, p = NS) in the control group (p = NS between groups). In the VitD group serum 25(OH)VitD increase was negatively correlated with SBP decrease (r = –0.398, p = 0.049). Conclusions VitD supplementation (2000 IU/day) did not affect various CVD risk factors in patients with MetS.
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Grübler MR, März W, Pilz S, Grammer TB, Trummer C, Müllner C, Schwetz V, Pandis M, Verheyen N, Tomaschitz A, Fiordelisi A, Laudisio D, Cipolletta E, Iaccarino G. Vitamin-D concentrations, cardiovascular risk and events - a review of epidemiological evidence. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2017; 18:259-272. [PMID: 28451877 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-017-9417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D has long been established as an elemental factor of bone physiology. Beyond mineral metabolism, the expression of the vitamin D receptor has been identified throughout the cardiovascular (CV) system. Experimental studies showed beneficial effects of vitamin D on heart and vessels, but vitamin D intoxication in animals also led to hypercalcemia and vascular calcification. Our knowledge has been extended by epidemiological studies that showed that 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are inversely associated with an increased CV risk itself, but also with established CV risk factors, such as arterial hypertension, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Conversely, randomized controlled trials could not document significant and consistent effects of vitamin D supplementation on CV risk or events. Potential explanations may lie in differences in reference ranges or the possibility that low vitamin D in CV disease is only an epiphenomenon. In the latter case, the key question is why low 25(OH)D levels are such a strong predictor of health. While we wait for new data, the current conclusion is that vitamin D is a strong risk marker for CV risk factors and for CV diseases itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Robert Grübler
- Swiss Cardiovascular Centre Bern, Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, and Augsburg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Pilz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tanja B Grammer
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Trummer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Müllner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Verena Schwetz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marlene Pandis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nicolas Verheyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Tomaschitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Bad Gleichenberg Clinic, Schweizereiweg 4, 8344, Bad Gleichenberg, Austria
| | | | | | - Ersilia Cipolletta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery Odontoiatrics-Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery Odontoiatrics-Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Effect of vitamin D status on lipid profile in premenopausal women: a cross-sectional study. Cardiovasc Endocrinol 2017; 6:86-91. [PMID: 31646124 DOI: 10.1097/xce.0000000000000124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
High lipid levels play important roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and some authors suggest vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D status on lipid profile in premenopausal women. Patients and methods A total of 315 nonsmoking premenopausal female volunteers without diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Patients were divided into four subgroups. The groups were as follows: patients with less than or equal to 12 ng/ml (group 1, n=126) vitamin D levels, between 20 and 12 ng/ml (group 2, n=48), between 30 and 20 ng/ml (group 3, n=21), and at least 30 ng/ml (group 4, n=120) vitamin D levels. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and non-HDL-C levels of the four groups were compared. Results HDL-C levels of group 4 were the highest (P=0.03), and TG and non-HDL-C levels of group 1 were the highest (P=0.04, 0.016, respectively) in all groups. There was no significant difference between serum parathormone, calcium, and phosphorus levels of the four groups (P=0.778, 0.121, 0.184, respectively). In unadjusted analysis, 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were found to be correlated negatively with BMI (P=0.0005), LDL-C (P=0.01), and non-HDL-C (P=0.003) and correlated positively with HDL-C levels (P=0.006). After adjustments for age, sex, BMI, and log parathormone levels were made, no correlation was found between 25-hydroxy vitamin D and lipid (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG) levels (P=0.91, 0.06, 0.95, 0.79, respectively). Conclusion There may be an association between vitamin D insufficiency and dyslipidemia. However, this association may depend on obesity.
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Javadian M, Yazdani S, Hajian-Tilaki K, Gharouei R. Calcium-vitamin D supplementation; does it affect lipid profile of menopaused women with normal renal function? J Nephropharmacol 2017. [DOI: 10.15171/npj.2017.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Skaaby T, Thuesen BH, Linneberg A. Vitamin D, Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 996:221-230. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-56017-5_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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JASTRZEBSKA M, KACZMARCZYK M, SUÁREZ AD, SÁNCHEZ GFL, JASTRZEBSKA J, RADZIMINSKI L, JASTRZEBSKI Z. Iron, Hematological Parameters and Blood Plasma Lipid Profile in Vitamin D Supplemented and Non-Supplemented Young Soccer Players Subjected to High-Intensity Interval Training. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2017; 63:357-364. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.63.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariusz KACZMARCZYK
- Department of Health Promotion, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport
| | | | | | | | - Lukasz RADZIMINSKI
- Department of Health Promotion, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport
| | - Zbigniew JASTRZEBSKI
- Department of Health Promotion, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport
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Chailurkit LO, Aekplakorn W, Srijaruskul K, Ongphiphadhanakul B. Discrepant association of serum C-3 epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D versus non-epimeric 25-hydroxyvitamin D with serum lipid levels. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:157. [PMID: 27633775 PMCID: PMC5025584 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low vitamin D status has been associated with a number of chronic diseases. For dyslipidemia, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with higher low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) in a number of studies, but with inconsistent results in clinical trials. The purpose of the present study is to explore the relative importance of 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) as compared with the non-epimeric form in relation to serum lipid. Method This study used data from 1068 randomly selected volunteers in the Thai 4th National Health Examination Survey (NHES IV). Serum 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D2 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 were analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results There was no association between serum total 25(OH)D and serum LDL-C. However, circulating 3-epi-25(OH)D3 was negatively related to serum LDL-C (r = −0.077, P <0.05), while no such association was found for non-epimeric 25(OH)D3 (r =0.030, P = 0.33). On the other hand, both 3-epi-25(OH)D3 (r = 0.175, P <0.001) and non-epimeric 25(OH)D3 (r = 0.142, P <0.001) were positively related to serum triglyceride (TRIG) levels. In multiple linear regression models with age, gender, body mass index , urban residence, education, hypertension and education as covariates, it was found that 3-epi-25(OH)D3 was independently associated with serum LDL-C (beta = −0.12, P <0.01), while non-epimeric 25(OH)D3 was positively related to LDL-C (beta = 0.13, P = 0.002). For TRIG, there were positive association with 3-epi-25(OH)D3 (beta = 0.27, P <0.001) and negative association with non-epimeric 25(OH)D3 (beta = − 0.10, P = 0.011) independent of age, gender, urban resident and education. Conclusions There is a discrepant association of 25(OH)D levels with serum lipids according to 25(OH)D epimeric forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- La-Or Chailurkit
- Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand. .,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Rama 6th Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Wichai Aekplakorn
- Department of Community Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Kriangsuk Srijaruskul
- Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Dadonienė J, Čypienė A, Rinkūnienė E, Badarienė J, Burca J, Sakaitė I, Kalinauskaitė G, Kumpauskaitė V, Laucevičius A. Vitamin D and functional arterial parameters in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Adv Med Sci 2016; 61:224-230. [PMID: 26946163 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our cross sectional study aimed to identify the relation between vitamin D level and functional arterial parameters in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS 100 postmenopausal women at age 50-65 with diagnosed metabolic syndrome were included in this study. Laboratory tests were performed to determine lipid profile, serum glucose, creatinine, C-reactive protein, serum levels of 25(OH) D, ionized calcium and urine albumin/creatinine ratio. Also non-invasive assessment of arterial function (arterial stiffness, flow-mediated dilatation and carotid artery ultrasound examinations) was performed. RESULTS The mean vitamin D blood concentration was 47.4±16.9nmol/l. The prevalence of modest insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin D was 62%. Vitamin D concentration in samples assembled from January to March was significantly lower than concentration levels from September to November. No significant relationship was observed between vitamin D and endothelial function, arterial stiffness, carotid intima-media thickness. Week negative correlation was stated between mean arterial pressure and 25(OH) D concentration (p=0.04). A positive correlation was found between high density lipoprotein cholesterol and vitamin 25(OH) D (r=0.3, p<0.05). No significant difference between 25(OH) D and other lipoproteins, calcium ions, glucose, albumin/creatinine ratio and C-reactive protein blood concentrations were found. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome is high. No relation was found between vitamin D levels and parameters that indicate atherosclerotic vascular lesions. Nevertheless our study revealed the relation between concentrations of vitamin D and mean blood pressure and high density lipoprotein cholesterol.
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Effect of waist circumference on the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum lipids: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2006. Public Health Nutr 2016; 20:1797-1806. [PMID: 27469173 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016001762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the interaction between waist circumference (WC) and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level in their associations with serum lipids. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. The associations of serum 25(OH)D with total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), LDL-C:HDL-C and TAG were examined using multiple linear regression. Effect modification by WC was assessed through cross-product interaction terms between 25(OH)D and WC categories (abdominal overweight, 80-<88 cm in females/94-<102 cm in males; abdominal obesity, ≥88 cm in females/≥102 cm in males). SETTING The US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey waves 2001-2006. SUBJECTS Non-pregnant fasting participants (n 4342) aged ≥20 years. RESULTS Lower 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with lower HDL-C levels as well as with higher LDL-C:HDL-C and TAG levels in abdominally obese participants, but not in abdominally overweight or normal-waist participants. In contrast, lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with lower levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C in abdominally overweight and normal-waist participants only, but this association was only partly significant. However, a significant difference in the association between 25(OH)D and the lipids according to WC category was found only for LDL-C:HDL-C (P for interaction=0·02). CONCLUSIONS Our results from this large, cross-sectional sample suggest that the association between lower 25(OH)D levels and an unfavourable lipid profile is stronger in individuals with abdominal obesity than in those with abdominal overweight or a normal WC.
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The Association of Vitamin D Status with Dyslipidaemia and Biomarkers of Endothelial Cell Activation in Older Australians. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8080457. [PMID: 27483306 PMCID: PMC4997372 DOI: 10.3390/nu8080457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: Vitamin D has been investigated for many non-skeletal effects. The objective of this study was to determine whether circulating lipids, systemic inflammation, and biomarkers of endothelial cell activation varied with the vitamin D status of older Australians. Methods: One hundred and one participants were proportionately and randomly sampled across tertiles of 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) from a larger cohort of free living older adults (T1 median = 97; T2 median = 74.5; T3 median = 56.8 nmol/L). Overnight fasting blood samples were assayed for 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), insulin, triacylglycerol (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Markers of systemic inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)) and endothelial activation (hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), P-selectin and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM), soluble intracellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)) were determined. A general linear model multivariate analysis with a backward elimination procedure was performed. Results: Eighty-three participants (48 women, 35 men), aged 65 ± 7.7 years, BMI 28 ± 4.5 kg/m2, with complete data were analyzed. The final parsimonious model controlled for age, gender, BMI, and McAuley’s index, but excluded season, medications, and PTH. There were significant differences across 25(OH)D tertiles in TC (T1 < T3, p = 0.003; T2 < T3, p = 0.001), LDL-C (T1 < T3, p = 0.005; T2 < T3, p = 0.001), TAG (T2 < T3, p = 0.026), HGF (T1 > T3, p = 0.009) and sVCAM (T1 > T3, P = 0.04). Conclusions: Higher vitamin D status may protect the endothelium through reduced dyslipidaemia and increased HGF.
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Abstract
Vitamin D is a precursor of the steroid hormone calcitriol that is crucial for bone and mineral metabolism. Both the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the general population and the identification of the vitamin D receptor in the heart and blood vessels raised interest in the potential cardiovascular effects of vitamin D. Experimental studies have demonstrated various cardiovascular protective actions of vitamin D, but vitamin D intoxication in animals is known to induce vascular calcification. In meta-analyses of epidemiological studies, vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Findings from Mendelian randomization studies and randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) do not indicate significant effects of a general vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes. Previous RCTs, however, were not adequately designed to address extraskeletal events, and did not focus on vitamin D-deficient individuals. Therefore, currently available evidence does not support cardiovascular benefits or harms of vitamin D supplementation with the commonly used doses, and whether vitamin D has cardiovascular effects in individuals with overt vitamin D deficiency remains to be evaluated. Here, we provide an update on clinical studies on vitamin D and cardiovascular risk, discuss ongoing vitamin D research, and consider the management of vitamin D deficiency from a cardiovascular health perspective.
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Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents and young adults. Br J Nutr 2016; 115:1994-2002. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516001185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AbstractEvidence associating serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors is inconsistent and studies have largely been conducted in adult populations. We examined the prospective associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors from adolescence to young adulthood in the West Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations, BMI, homoeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), TAG, HDL-cholesterol and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured at the 17-year (n 1015) and 20-year (n 1117) follow-ups. Hierarchical linear mixed models with maximum likelihood estimation were used to investigate associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors, accounting for potential confounders. In males and females, respectively, mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations were 73·6 (sd 28·2) and 75·4 (sd 25·9) nmol/l at 17 years and 70·0 (sd 24·2) and 74·3 (sd 26·2) nmol/l at 20 years. Deseasonalised serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations were inversely associated with BMI (coefficient −0·01; 95 % CI −0·03, −0·003; P=0·014). No change over time was detected in the association for males; for females, the inverse association was stronger at 20 years compared with 17 years. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with log-HOMA-IR (coefficient −0·002; 95 % CI −0·003, −0·001; P<0·001) and positively associated with log-TAG in females (coefficient 0·002; 95 % CI 0·0008, 0·004; P=0·003). These associations did not vary over time. There were no significant associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and HDL-cholesterol or SBP. Clinical trials in those with insufficient vitamin D status may be warranted to determine any beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation on insulin resistance, while monitoring for any deleterious effect on TAG.
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Stojanović M, Radenković M. Vitamin D versus placebo in improvement of endothelial dysfunction: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Cardiovasc Ther 2016; 33:145-54. [PMID: 25850709 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The possible effect of vitamin D administration in humans on endothelial dysfunction (ED) still remains undetermined. The current meta-analysis was performed to evaluate if vitamin D could improve ED. METHODS Randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trials were identified by systematic search of the PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the Web of Science and the Scopus data bases, as well as different reviews and clinical trials articles. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled overall effect on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) linked to the vitamin D administration. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of study characteristics on the effect of vitamin D administration on FMD. RESULTS A total of eight studies with nine relevant study arms were identified. The obtained results of pooled analysis showed that vitamin D administration did not improve FMD (eight studies, 529 subjects; weighted mean difference (WMD): 0.96%, 95% CI: -1.24% to 2.06%; P = 0.09). This was probably due to significant heterogeneity in between included trials (I(2) = 84%, P < 0.00001). On the other hand, subgroup analysis demonstrated that vitamin D improved FMD in trials that lasted <16 weeks; if systolic blood pressure (SBP) was higher than 140 mmHg and in trials where diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was <80 mmHg. CONCLUSION Although the current evidence clearly demonstrates that in certain conditions vitamin D can improve ED, a larger number of clinical trials are needed to confirm this assumption to confirm or reject the final statement on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Stojanović
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Radenković
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Liu WC, Wu CC, Hung YM, Liao MT, Shyu JF, Lin YF, Lu KC, Yeh KC. Pleiotropic effects of vitamin D in chronic kidney disease. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 453:1-12. [PMID: 26656443 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Low 25(OH)D levels are common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and are implicated in all-cause mortality and morbidity risks. Furthermore, the progression of CKD is accompanied by a gradual decline in 25(OH)D production. Vitamin D deficiency in CKD causes skeletal disorders, such as osteoblast or osteoclast cell defects, bone turnover imbalance, and deterioration of bone quality, and nonskeletal disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, hypertension, immune dysfunction, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and anemia. Extra-renal organs possess the enzymatic machinery for converting 25(OH)D to 1,25(OH)2D, which may play considerable biological roles beyond the traditional roles of vitamin D. Pharmacological 1,25(OH)2D dose causes hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia as well as adynamic bone disorder, which intensifies vascular calcification. Conversely, native vitamin D supplementation reduces the risk of hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia, which may play a role in managing bone and cardio-renal health and ultimately reducing mortality in CKD patients. Nevertheless, the combination of native vitamin D and active vitamin D can enhance therapy benefits of secondary hyperparathyroidism because of extra-renal 1α-hydroxylase activity in parathyroid gland. This article emphasizes the role of native vitamin D replacements in CKD, reviews vitamin D biology, and summarizes the present literature regarding native vitamin D replacement in the CKD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chih Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonghe Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chao Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Min Hung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Tser Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Fwu Shyu
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Department of Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Chieh Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Diagnosis and Prognosis in Cardiovascular Disease. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:8043792. [PMID: 26839569 PMCID: PMC4709789 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8043792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To identify, evaluate, and synthesize evidence on the predictive power of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in cardiovascular disease, through a systematic review of quantitative studies. Data Sources. MEDLINE was searched using keywords related to "endothelial progenitor cells" and "endothelium" and, for the different categories, respectively, "smoking"; "blood pressure"; "diabetes mellitus" or "insulin resistance"; "dyslipidemia"; "aging" or "elderly"; "angina pectoris" or "myocardial infarction"; "stroke" or "cerebrovascular disease"; "homocysteine"; "C-reactive protein"; "vitamin D". Study Selection. Database hits were evaluated against explicit inclusion criteria. From 927 database hits, 43 quantitative studies were included. Data Syntheses. EPC count has been suggested for cardiovascular risk estimation in the clinical practice, since it is currently accepted that EPCs can work as proangiogenic support cells, maintaining their importance as regenerative/reparative potential, and also as prognostic markers. Conclusions. EPCs showed an important role in identifying cardiovascular risk conditions, and to suggest their evaluation as predictor of outcomes appears to be reasonable in different defined clinical settings. Due to their capability of proliferation, circulation, and the development of functional progeny, great interest has been directed to therapeutic use of progenitor cells in atherosclerotic diseases. This trial is registered with registration number: Prospero CRD42015023717.
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