Immunity has vital research value and promising applications in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nevertheless, few bibliometric analyses have systematically investigated this area. This study aimed to comprehensively review the collaboration and impact of countries, institutions, authors, and journals on the role of immunity in TNBC from a bibliometric perspective, evaluate the keyword co-occurrence of the knowledge structure, and identify hot trends and emerging topics. Articles and reviews related to immunity in TNBC were retrieved from the Web of Science core collection using subject search. A bibliometric study was conducted primarily using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. A total of 3,104 articles and reviews were included from January 1, 2014, through December 31, 2024. The number of articles on immunization in TNBC is rising. These publications are mainly from 415 institutions in 82 countries, led by China and the USA. Among these publications, Lajos Pusztai published the most papers, while Peter Schmid was co-cited the most. The most productive journals focused on molecular biology, biological immunology, and clinical medicine. Furthermore, co-citation analysis revealed that tumor microenvironment, biomarkers, and immune checkpoint inhibitors are current and developing research areas. The keywords "immunotherapy" and "nanoparticles" are also likely to be new trends and focal points for future research. This study adopted bibliometric and visualization methods to provide a comprehensive review of the research on immunization in TNBC. This article will help researchers better understand the dynamic evolution of the role of immunity in TNBC and identify areas for future research.

Hip disease is a global public health issue, associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Although research on proximal femoral trabeculae has been conducted for over a century, no bibliometric analysis has been carried out. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the existing research landscape, identify emerging trends, and offer insights for future studies.

The scientific output related to the trabeculae within the human proximal femur from 2004 to 2023 was sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection. Moreover, both the annual publications and cumulative totals over this period were summarized in Excel. The VOS viewer was utilized to analyze co-authorship and co-citation relationship between authors, institutions, countries, references and journals. CiteSpace was used to cluster the keywords and research frontiers in this field.

A total of 365 publications were extracted, with the USA emerging as the primary contributor to this field, accounting for 133 publications with 5807 total citations, averaging 43.7 citations per publication. The Journal of Bone and Mineral Research has been identified as the most co-cited journal with a total of 1742 citations. The journals can be categorized into 5 distinct clusters, including medical imaging, orthopedic clinical research, research on endocrine and metabolic related diseases, human evolution and anatomy related research, biomechanics and modeling. The keyword with the highest co-occurrence frequency is "bone mineral density". The keywords were stratified into six clusters, including DXA, bone remodeling, diagnosis, titanium alloy bionic cannulated screws, individual trabecula segmentation, and QCT. More recently, the focus has expanded to three-dimensional modeling, falls, microarchitecture, and avascular necrosis.

Evaluation of proximal femoral strength can be improved by combining structural parameters with bone mineral density by DXA or QCT. Three-dimensional analysis, microarchitecture, and bionic implants are emerging as significant areas of focus and trends for future research.

The interaction between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum is mediated by mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs), which play a crucial role in regulating intracellular signal transduction and molecular interactions. This study employs bibliometric analysis to examine the research progress on MAMS and identify research hotspots and trends. A total of 1406 publications on MAMs were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection. Software such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Scimago Graphica were utilized in the bibliometric analysis process. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of over 20 years of MAM research, identifying the countries, institutions, authors, journals, and publications involved in the field. The number of publications on MAMs has been increasing annually since 2010, exhibiting a steady upward trend. The main contributors to this field are the USA, China, and Italy, with the journal Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology publishing the most publications. Common keywords include "endoplasmic reticulum stress," "Ca2 + ," "mitofusin2," "oxidative stress," "apoptosis," "autophagy," and "Alzheimer's disease." We found that the role of MAMs in neurodegenerative diseases has aroused great interest among researchers. The associations between calcium homeostasis, autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death with MAMs are also considered research hotspots and show broad research prospects. In addition, changes in MAM-resident proteins, including the mitochondria-ER tethering complex, Mfn2, and Sig-1R, have been highlighted as prominent research directions. The findings provide a comprehensive overview of research on MAMs and valuable insights for researchers, which is helpful for exploring future directions and trends in this field.

Cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis (AS) are the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), the core protein of low-density lipoproteins, is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality, with apolipoprotein B (ApoB) playing a critical role in its pathogenesis. However, no bibliometric studies on the involvement of ApoB in AS have been published. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the current and future trends regarding the role of ApoB in AS.

Utilizing the Web of Science Core Collection, a thorough search was conducted for ApoB in AS-related papers related to research on ApoB in the field of AS during 1991-2023. The analysis focused on annual publication trends, leading countries/regions and institutions, influential authors, journal and key journals. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were employed to visualize reference co-citations, and keyword co-occurrences, offering insights into the research landscape and emerging trends.

This bibliometric analysis employed network diagrams for cluster analysis of a total of 2105 articles and reviews, evidencing a discernible upward trend in annual publication volume. This corpus of research emanates from 76 countries/regions and 2343 organizations, illustrating the widespread international engagement in ApoB-related AS studies. Notably, the United States and the University of California emerge as the most prolific contributors, which underscores their pivotal roles in advancing this research domain. The thematic investigation has increasingly focused on elucidating the mechanistic involvement of ApoB in atherosclerosis, its potential as a diagnostic biomarker, and its implications for therapeutic strategies.

This bibliometric analysis provides the first comprehensive perspective on the evolving promise of ApoB in AS-related research, emphasizing the importance of this molecule in opening up new diagnostic and therapeutic avenues. This study emphasizes the need for continued research and interdisciplinary efforts to strengthen the fight against AS. Furthermore, it emphasizes the critical role of international collaboration and interdisciplinary exploration in leveraging new insights to achieve clinical breakthroughs, thereby addressing the complexities of AS by focusing on ApoB.

Workplace violence against health care workers is a widespread global issue, particularly in emergency departments. This study aimed to identify and visualize research on workplace violence in the emergency department and reveal global trends in this field.

Publications related to workplace violence in the emergency department were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Scimago Graphica were used for bibliometric analysis and visualization.

A total of 348 articles were selected for this study. These articles were published across 50 countries from November 1, 1988 to December 31, 2024, with the United States, Australia, and China leading in publication output. These articles were featured in 142 journals, with the Journal of Emergency Nursing publishing the most (n = 33). Gillespie is both the most prolific author and among the most frequently cited in this field. Keyword clustering analysis identified 4 distinct research themes, including factors associated with the occurrence of violence, prevention strategies for workplace violence, its psychological and occupational impacts on emergency department staff, and different forms of violence. In addition, keyword burst analysis revealed emerging trend topics, notably "COVID-19," "experience," and "qualitative research."

Despite a growing body of research on workplace violence in the emergency department in recent years, incidents of violence continue to arise. This bibliometric study is the first to comprehensively summarize the research developments and trends in this field, identifying research frontiers and hotspots. The findings offer new perspectives on workplace violence in the emergency department and may inform future research on violence prevention strategies.

Primary Sjogren's Syndrome (pSS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that manifests as dry mouth and eyes. Luteolin can repress immuno-inflammation and improve the function of exocrine glands.

Bibliometrics was used to visualize pSS-related key indicators. The efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in pSS treatment was analyzed with the internal database containing the clinical records of pSS. Using the network pharmacology technology to identify involved pathways. Additionally, molecular docking and cell experiments were performed to screen and verify the therapeutic effect of luteolin on pSS.

Key indicators that were selected according to the bibliometrics were worse in pSS and had certain compatibility and correlation with laboratory and immunoinflammatory indicators. After treatment, pSS patients showed improvements in the above indicators. The results of risk analyses revealed that TCMs were protective factors for laboratory indicators and key indicators. The main effective TCMs for pSS treatment and TNF pathways were identified with network pharmacology. Cell experiments validated that luteolin indeed improved the secretion dysfunction and inflammation of modeled human submandibular gland epithelial cells through the TNF/NF-κB pathway.

TCMs may effectively improve transcription factors and immuno-inflammatory markers in pSS patients. Moreover, we hypothesized and verified the potential mechanism of action of luteolin in HSG cells.

Research on the role of macrophages in musculoskeletal (MSK) diseases has significantly increased in recent years. However, a thorough evaluation of the developmental trajectory of this field, including the contributions of prominent authors and primary research themes, remains insufficient. Furthermore, the identification of emerging research hotspots requires more detailed exploration. This study collated articles and reviews addressing "macrophages in MSK diseases" published between 2004 and 2023, with all data extracted from the Web of Science database. The collected data were analyzed using a variety of bibliometric and visualization tools, such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, GraphPad Prism, and R packages. Results indicate that China and the United States are the leading contributors in this research domain. Among the many academic institutions involved, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and the University of California stand out as the most productive. The journal "Frontiers in Immunology" had the highest publication output on this topic. The five most frequently explored research domains include Immunology, Rheumatology, Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. These results offer a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in this field and provide meaningful insights for guiding future studies.

The rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy has become an international trend, necessitating lifelong medication for all HIV patients. Sanger sequencing, as the gold standard for clinically detecting HIV drug resistance, often fails to detect mutations comprising less than 20% of the total viral population. With the advancement of detection technologies, HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants have garnered increasing attention. Few studies have analyzed the hotspots and trends in this field, which bibliometrics can effectively address.

Publications related to HIV-1 DRMinVs from 1999 to 2024 were searched on the Web of Science Core Collection database. Visual knowledge maps and bibliometric analyses were generated using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix.

In total, 289 publications concerning HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants were identified from 1999 to 2024, demonstrating a steady increase in publication output over the years. Although developed countries, led by the United States, are the main contributors, 9.57% and 2.48% of the research from the top five publishing countries focus on populations in Africa and other developing countries, respectively. Most contributing institutions are universities and public health organizations, with the University of Washington having the highest publication output. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy holds the highest prominence among journals in this domain. The main hotspots include "drug classes," "drug resistance surveillance," "mother-to-child transmission," "treatment outcomes," and "targets of HIV-1 drug resistance testing," And we found several noteworthy shifts in research trends in HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants studies, including changes in drug resistance testing technologies, the primary study population, and drug classes.

This is the first bibliometric analysis of publications related to HIV-1 DRMinVs from 1999 to 2024. We analyzed the key research contributions across countries, institutions and journals. Based on keyword co-occurrence and cluster analysis, we identified several noteworthy shifts in research trends in HIV-1 DRMinVs studies, including changes in drug resistance testing technologies, the primary study population, and drug classes.

Purposes: This study aims to use bibliometric analysis to explore the development, research hotspots, and trends in the field of telemedicine for surgical practices (TSPs). Methods: A bibliometric analysis of 3,235 documents from the Web of Science Core Collection was conducted, spanning from 2004 to 2022. Citespace (6.2.R5) was used to perform a bibliometric analysis. Results: The findings highlight a marked escalation in researches of TSPs, particularly between 2019 and 2022, aligning with the COVID-19 pandemic. The Telemedicine and e-Health Journal was the most productive journal with 118 publications, and Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare had the most citations (n = 700). Howard S. An and Mohammad El-sharkawi had the most papers (n = 8). Harvard University was the most prolific institution (n = 103). The United States, England, and Canada were identified as the predominant contributing countries with a total of 1,521 publications. There was a notable shift in research focus areas over time, with recent emphasis being placed on pediatric surgery, COVID-19-related studies, and orthopedics. Future trends may involve teleconsulting, ameliorating the quality and safety of telemedicine, and improving satisfaction levels of patients and caregivers when they are using telemedicine. Conclusions: The study reveals that the rapid and sustained advancement in TSPs, significantly driven by the COVID-19 pandemic, and huge gaps between developed countries and developing countries. This study also reflects the current hotspots and future directions for TSPs.

With the increasing recognition of the importance of simulation-based teaching in medical education, research in this field has developed rapidly. To comprehensively understand the research dynamics and trends in this area, we conducted an analysis of knowledge mapping and global trends.

This study aims to reveal the research hotspots and development trends in the field of simulation-based teaching in medical education from 2004 to 2024 through bibliometric and visualization analyses.

Using CiteSpace and VOSviewer, we conducted bibliometric and visualization analyses of 6743 articles related to simulation-based teaching in medical education, published in core journals from 2004 to 2024. The analysis included publication trends, contributions by countries and institutions, author contributions, keyword co-occurrence and clustering, and keyword bursts.

From 2004 to 2008, the number of articles published annually did not exceed 100. However, starting from 2009, the number increased year by year, reaching a peak of 850 articles in 2024, indicating rapid development in this research field. The United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and China published the most articles. Harvard University emerged as a research hub with 1799 collaborative links, although the overall collaboration density was low. Among the 6743 core journal articles, a total of 858 authors were involved, with Lars Konge and Adam Dubrowski being the most prolific. However, collaboration density was low, and the collaboration network was relatively dispersed. A total of 812 common keywords were identified, forming 4189 links. The keywords "medical education," "education," and "simulation" had the highest frequency of occurrence. Cluster analysis indicated that "cardiopulmonary resuscitation" and "surgical education" were major research hotspots. From 2004 to 2024, a total of 20 burst keywords were identified, among which "patient simulation," "randomized controlled trial," "clinical competence," and "deliberate practice" had high burst strength. In recent years, "application of simulation in medical education," "3D printing," "augmented reality," and "simulation training" have become research frontiers.

Research on the application of simulation-based teaching in medical education has become a hotspot, with expanding research areas and hotspots. Future research should strengthen interinstitutional collaboration and focus on the application of emerging technologies in simulation-based teaching.

With the COVID-19 pandemic and the serious sequelae, foreign factor-induced Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has become a research focus in autoimmune peripheral neuropathies. The study employs a bibliometric system to illustrate the research hotspots and trends in GBS based on pertinent literature from January 2013 to October 2023.

The Web of Science Core Collection retrieved articles on GBS from January 1, 2013, to October 28, 2023. These articles were then visualized and statistically evaluated using VOSviewer, CiteSpace software, R version 4.2.1, and Microsoft Office Excel 2019.

A total of 4269 articles on GBS were gathered. The United States of America produced the most publications (28.55%, 1219/4269), followed by China (14.22%, 607/4269). The world's leading country was the United States of America, with the most publications, the most substantial international cooperation, and the highest centrality (0.17). Union of French Research Universities (UDICE)-French Research Universities in France was the most productive organization (189 articles). Lancet was the highest cocited journal (2428), and Professor Jacobs, Bart C., was the most prolific author (93). The most significant increases were shown for the keywords coronavirus, respiratory failure, and coronavirus disease 2019. The novel coronavirus is an emerging virus that may cause GBS, indicating a promising area of research.

The study on GBS was illustrated using bibliometrics, and it covers trends in international collaboration, publications, and research hotspots. These findings allow the scientific community to pinpoint the novel ideas and directions that will drive future GBS research.

The aim of this study is to conduct bibliometric analysis and visualization of the research progress of lipid droplets in the central nervous system in detail using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and to explore the current research status, hotspots, and research trends, with a view to providing a basis for future research.

This study utilized the Web of Science database to search for 1,066 relevant publications on lipid droplets in the central nervous system from 2000 to 2024. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software, producing metrics such as annual publication trends, contributions by countries, institutions, and authors, keyword co-occurrences, and reference co-citation networks. The literature of 25 years or so was explored visually to identify the important areas of lipid droplets in neurological research.

Miguel Lopez is the largest contributor to the relevant literature with 10 publications. The United States, China, Johns Hopkins University, the University of Cambridge, and Zhejiang University are the top contributors in terms of publication volume in this research area. Current research emphasizes the mechanisms of lipid droplets in oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and related degenerative diseases, with a particular focus on Alzheimer's Disease.

Our analysis suggests enhancing collaboration among countries, institutions, and authors in clinical and basic research on brain lipid droplets.

The gut-brain axis (GBA) represents a complex, bidirectional communication network that connects the central nervous system (CNS) and the gastrointestinal system. Our study aimed to explore the correlation between the intestinal microbiota and demyelinating diseases from a bibliometric perspective, focusing on research since 2014.

A comprehensive search was carried out on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) to locate studies on the intestinal microbiota and demyelinating diseases, with a focus on publications from 1 January 2014 to 29 March 2024. We visualized and analyzed the data using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Charticulator.

We gathered 429 scholarly articles on the intestinal microbiota and demyelinating disorders published in the past 10 years. Research concerning the intestinal microbiota and demyelinating diseases has demonstrated a consistent increase in frequency over time. The USA has the highest number of publications, while Canada has the highest average number of citations, reaching as high as 3,429, which is greater than that of the USA. Moreover, the journal with the highest number of publications was Frontiers in Immunology, with 33 publications and 1,494 citations. The majority of the scholars focused on "multiple sclerosis" and "gut microbiota," which are the primary keywords in the field of the intestinal microbiota and demyelinating diseases.

This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of existing research investigating the correlation between the intestinal microbiota and demyelinating diseases. Using advanced bibliometric tools such as VOSviewer and CiteSpace, this study analyzed the intricate relationship between the intestinal microbiota and the pathogenesis of demyelinating conditions. In addition, the study used literature statistical analysis to identify research hotspots and future directions in the field.

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a novel concept that could explain how living cells precisely modulate internal spatial and temporal functions. However, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis on LLPS and immune signaling processes in cancer is still scarce. This study aims to perform a bibliometric assessment of research to explore the landscape of LLPS research in immune signaling pathways for cancer.

Utilizing the Web of Science Core Collection database and multiple analysis software, we performed quantitative and qualitative analyses of the study situation between LLPS and immune signaling in cancer from 1992 to 2024.

The corresponding authors were primarily from China and the USA. The most relevant references were the "International Journal of Molecular Sciences", "Proteomics". The annual number of publications exhibited a fast upward tendency from 2020 to 2024. The most frequent key terms included expression, separation, activation, immunotherapy, and mechanisms. Qualitative evaluation emphasized the TCR, BCR, cGAS-STING, RIG-1, NF-κB signaling pathways associated with LLPS processes.

This research is the first to integratively map out the knowledge structure and forward direction in the area of immune transduction linked with LLPS over the past 30 years. In summary, although this research area is still in its infancy, illustrating the coordinated structures and communications between cancer and immune signaling with LLPS within a spatial framework will offer deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms of cancer development and further enhance the effectiveness of existing immunotherapies.

This study aims to analyze and visualize global research trends and hotspots in rheumatoid arthritis joint replacement over the past two decades using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software.The findings from this bibliometric analysis will inform and guide future research directions in this field.

We searched for relevant literature on rheumatoid arthritis joint replacement from January 2005 to August 2024 in the Web of Science database.Using CiteSpace, VOSviewer,and Bibliometrix software,we analysed keywords, authors,institutions, countries,and journals,and constructed a network cooperation map.

A total of 2888 articles written by 11,723 authors from 70 countries and 3194 institutions were analysed and published in 530 journals.The United States, with 855 publications accounting for 29.61%of the world's total,and the United Kingdom, with 332 publications representing 11.50 %,made the greatest contributions.Additionally,the United States maintains strong collaborative relationships with many countries. According to the analysis of the outbreak keyword map, the joint replacement of rheumatoid arthritis has become mature, and the complications, prognosis and functional rehabilitation of joint replacement are the main focus of research in this field.

we conducted a comprehensive summary of the literature on rheumatoid arthritis joint replacement published between 2005 and 2024 using bibliometrics and visual analysis.This enabled us to identify the development trends and research hotspots in this field over the past two decades, offering valuable insights for researchers planning future studies in this area.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a complex mental disorder characterized by a wide range of symptoms and cognitive impairments. The search for reliable biomarkers for SCZ has gained increasing attention in recent years, as they hold the potential to improve early diagnosis and intervention strategies. To understand the research trends and collaborations in this field, a comprehensive Bibliometric analysis of SCZ and biomarkers research was conducted.

A systematic search of the Web of Science Core Collection was performed to retrieve relevant articles published from January 2000 to July 2023. The search focused on SCZ and biomarkers. Bibliometric tools, including CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and R package Bibliometrix, were utilized to perform data extraction, quantitative analysis, and visualization.

The search focused on SCZ and biomarkers, and a total of 2935 articles were included in the analysis. The analysis revealed a gradual increase in the number of publications related to SCZ and biomarkers over the years, indicating a growing research focus in this area. Collaboration and research activity were found to be concentrated in the United States and Western European countries. Among the top ten most active journals, "Schizophrenia Research" emerged as the journal with the highest number of publications and citations related to SCZ and biomarkers. Recent studies published in this journal have highlighted the potential use of facial expressions as a diagnostic biomarker for SCZ, suggesting that facial expression analysis using big data may hold promise for future diagnosis and interventions. Furthermore, the analysis of key research keywords identified inflammatory factors, DNA methylation changes, and glutamate alterations as potential biomarkers for SCZ diagnosis.

This Bibliometric analysis provides valuable insights into the current state of research on SCZ and biomarkers. The identification of reliable biomarkers for SCZ could have significant implications for early diagnosis and interventions, potentially leading to improved outcomes for individuals affected by this challenging mental disorder. Further research and collaborations in this field are encouraged to advance our understanding of SCZ and enhance diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

This study explores researches of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) in mental health to provide an overview of current knowledge landscape and predict future development trends of DBT.

The bibliometric approach was used in the study. Articles on DBT-related research were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database up to December 31, 2024, and analyzed using VOSviewer and CiteSpace.

A total of 2,723 articles were analyzed. DBT research has grown significantly since the 1990s, with the United States leading in publication volume, citation impact, and academic collaboration. Research is primarily conducted in developed countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany, with limited contributions from emerging economies. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice is the most prolific journal in DBT research. Key topics include borderline personality disorder (BPD), suicide, adolescent interventions, forensic psychiatry, and family therapy. Recently, keywords such as "emotion dysregulation" and "mobile phone" have become research hotspots.

DBT research has evolved from early focus areas like BPD and suicide to studies on emotion dysregulation mechanisms and digital interventions. While the United States dominates the field, expanding participation from emerging countries and strengthening global collaboration could advance DBT research and improve mental health accessibility. This bibliometric analysis provides a global perspective and long-term trend insights, highlighting future directions in neurobiological mechanisms, methodological innovation, and technological integration.

Depression significantly threatens human health. Purinergic receptors are reported to be associated with depression. However, there is no bibliometric research in this field have been published.

To provide some reference for the further research in the field of purinergic receptors and depression utilizing bibliometric analysis.

Relevant researches were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The period of the search was from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2023. The CiteSpace (6.2.R7) and VOSviewer (1.6.19) were applied to identify the main contributors of countries, authors, institutions, references and journals. Besides, we evaluate keywords to assess the hotspots and trends over the previous 2 decades.

Totally, 247 articles were identified, showing an increasing trend over time. The most productive country, institution, and journal in this field are China, Harvard University, and Biological Psychiatry, respectively. Liang SD and Rodrigues, Ana Lucia S were the most prolific authors. Burnstock G ranked first among the cited authors. The cooperation among countries and disciplines is crucial. The P2X7 receptor provides promising prospects for treating depression and further studies are warranted to validate the scope and significance of depression therapeutic strategies.

This study provides an overview of the worldwide research status and future trends in purinergic receptors and depression. P2X7 receptor is considered an appropriate target for the treatment of depression, as well as neurological diseases. It is implied that based on purinergic system, the future prospects for interventions aimed at depression treatment are promising, showing the way for both augmentation strategies and new drug treatments in the context of the pharmacology of depression.

With a rapidly aging population, identifying effective prognostic predictors has always been a research hotspot in older patients with hip fracture. Recently, the score combining hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet (HALP) has been proposed as a novel biomarker for reflecting systemic inflammation and nutritional status. However, it is unclear whether the HALP score could be a potential prognostic indicator for mortality following hip fracture. Thus, the objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the HALP score and mortality risk in older patients with hip fracture, and further evaluate its predictive value.

Consecutive patients were identified from our institutional hip fracture database over the period from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2022. Outcomes were 90-day all-cause mortality and overall mortality at the longest follow-up. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were employed to assess this relationship. The incremental predictive performance of the HALP score was assessed using the c statistic, net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).

In total, 1707 patients were included with a median follow-up duration of 44.4 months, of whom 174 cases (10.2%) died within 90 days and 667 cases (39.1%) died at the longest follow-up. After multivariate adjustment, compared to tertile 1 group, tertile 2 and tertile 3 groups exhibited 0.676-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.471-0.972, p = 0.035) and 0.598-fold (95% CI: 0.390-0.918, p = 0.019) lower risks of 90-day mortality, as well as 0.681-fold (95% CI: 0.566-0.820, p < 0.001) and 0.618-fold (95% CI: 0.504-0.759, p < 0.001) decreased risks of overall mortality, respectively. For each unit increase in the HALP score, there was a significant decrease in 90-day mortality by 1.1% and in overall mortality by 1.0% (all p < 0.05). RCS analyses indicated nonlinear relationships between the HALP score and 90-day and overall mortality (all P for nonlinear <0.01). Moreover, adding the HALP score significantly improved the predictive ability for 90-day and overall mortality (all p < 0.05).

The HALP score was independently associated with mortality risk, highlighting its potential as a useful prognostic indicator for predicting mortality in older patients with hip fracture.

Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a common and debilitating complication following breast cancer treatment. Despite its significant impact on patients' quality of life, bibliometric analyses focusing on BCRL are scarce. This study aims to explore global research trends on BCRL from 2000 to 2023, identify existing knowledge gaps, and highlight emerging focus areas through a bibliometric approach.

A comprehensive search was conducted using the Web of Science (WOS) database to retrieve literature published between January 2000 and November 2023. Bibliometric analyses and visualizations were performed using R Studio, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer. Key data extracted included publication trends, contributing countries and institutions, leading authors, journals, research categories, and keywords. Outcome measures for analysis included the number of publications, citation counts, author productivity, and keyword co-occurrence.

A total of 919 eligible publications from 52 countries and regions, 1,163 institutions, and 3,550 authors were identified. These publications appeared in 255 journals, with "Lymphology" emerging as the journal with the highest citation count. The USA was the most prolific contributor to the field. The annual number of publications demonstrated a consistent upward trend. Keyword co-occurrence analysis revealed prominent research hotspots, including "lymphedema," "women," "breast cancer," "arm lymphedema," and "quality of life." Emerging keyword trends from 2021 to 2023 highlighted "prevention" and "validity" as pivotal research frontiers.

This bibliometric study highlights the growing interest in breast cancer-related lymphedema research and identifies key areas for future investigation, including prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. The results underscore the need for further exploration of these emerging research areas to improve patient outcomes.

The objective of this study is to present a comprehensive overview of current advancements, prominent areas of interest, emerging trends, and frontiers in global research concerning the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The aim is to offer valuable insights and guidance for future research endeavors in this field.

We conducted a literature search on the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using the Web of Science Core Collection database spanning from 2009 to 2024. Visualization of countries, institutions, authors, and keywords was performed using CiteSpace.

1,002 English articles were included in this study. Between 2009 and 2020, publications remained relatively low and stable. However, in 2021, interest in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis began to surge, a noticeable increase in publications, with a peak reached in 2022. The United States emerged as the leading contributor among countries, institutions, and authors. Nanjing University and Peter O. Newton were the most prolific institutions and authors, respectively. The academic journal with the highest number of published articles was Spine. Notably, areas such as Cobb angle measurement, the efficacy of non-surgical treatments for AIS, and factors influencing the success of brace treatment garnered significant attention as hot topics in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treatment.

The prognosis remains consistent across patients with varying degrees of curvature in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Given the limited understanding of its etiology, the relationship between curvature and prognosis, as well as the exploration of its underlying causes, could emerge as new research directions in the future.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers impose a significant burden on global public health. Patients often experience mental health challenges due to physical changes and treatment-related symptoms, which can worsen their condition or delay recovery. Although research is mounting in this field, visual bibliometric analysis has not yet been conducted. This study aims to reveal the research hotspots and frontiers in this field using bibliometrics to guide future research.

The publications on GI cancer and mental health were retrieved in the Web of Science Core Collection from 2004 to 2024. VOS Viewer and CiteSpace, as commonly used bibliometric analysis tools, were employed to visualize the network structure of bibliometric data and uncover the evolving trends in scientific research fields. VOS Viewer was used to identify keyword co-occurrences, while CiteSpace was utilized to generate network visualizations, produce dual-map overlays of journals, and perform burst keyword analysis.

A total of 1,118 publications were included for analysis. China had the highest number of publications in this field (341, 30.5%), while the United States held a central position (centrality = 0.48). The most productive author and institution were Floortje Mols and Tilburg University, respectively. Keyword analysis highlighted that "quality of life" (QoL) is a prominent research topic in the field, while "complications," "cancer-related fatigue," (CRF) "chronic stress," and "epidemiology" have been identified as key areas for future research.

Research interest in this field continues to grow. The research direction is mainly focused on personalized mental health interventions to improve QoL, as well as preoperative mental healthcare and ongoing care through internet-based multidisciplinary collaboration to reduce postoperative complications. More detailed clinical symptom assessment is needed to distinguish between CRF and mental health issues and to provide targeted intervention measures in the future. The mechanism of mental health effects on the occurrence and development of GI cancer will be a frontier.

Epidemiological surveys indicate an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among children and adolescents worldwide. Due to rapid disease progression, severe long-term cardiorenal complications, a lack of effective treatment strategies, and substantial socioeconomic burdens, it has become an urgent public health issue that requires management and resolution. Adolescent T2DM differs from adult T2DM. Despite a significant increase in our understanding of youth-onset T2DM over the past two decades, the related review and evidence-based content remain limited.

To visualize the hotspots and trends in pediatric and adolescent T2DM research and to forecast their future research themes.

This study utilized the terms "children", "adolescents", and "type 2 diabetes", retrieving relevant articles published between 1983 and 2023 from three citation databases within the Web of Science Core Collection (SCI, SSCI, ESCI). Utilizing CiteSpace and VoSviewer software, we analyze and visually represent the annual output of literature, countries involved, and participating institutions. This allows us to predict trends in this research field. Our analysis encompasses co-cited authors, journal overlays, citation overlays, time-zone views, keyword analysis, and reference analysis, etc.

A total of 9210 articles were included, and the annual publication volume in this field showed a steady growth trend. The United States had the highest number of publications and the highest H-index. The United States also had the most research institutions and the strongest research capacity. The global hot journals were primarily diabetes professional journals but also included journals related to nutrition, endocrinology, and metabolism. Keyword analysis showed that research related to endothelial dysfunction, exposure risk, cardiac metabolic risk, changes in gut microbiota, the impact on comorbidities and outcomes, etc., were emerging keywords. They have maintained their popularity in this field, suggesting that these areas have garnered significant research interest in recent years.

Pediatric and adolescent T2DM is increasingly drawing global attention, with genes, behaviors, environmental factors, and multisystemic interventions potentially emerging as future research hot spots.

There are few literatures comprehensively analyzed the global research in hip prosthesis joint infections (HPJI). We aim to clarify the global research trends and analysis the top 10 cited articles in the HPJI field.

We identified the core collection of articles/reviews in the HPJI field from 2001 to 2021 through the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC). VOSviewer and online bibliometric tool were used to conduct the visualized and knowledge maps. Annual trends of publications, research hotspots and the top 10 cited articles were analyzed.

A total of 5,477 publications were finally included. Generally, an increasing trend was observed in the number of publications from 2001 to 2021. The authors, journals and institutions with largest number of publications all belong to the USA. Co-occurrence analysis of keywords showed that surgical techniques, risk factors, revision surgery strategy, epidemiology, diagnoses and prevention were the 6 major research directions. Total hip arthroplasty, replacement, outcomes, risk factors and diagnosis were the keywords that occurred most frequently. The top 10 cited articles were all published in Journal Citation Reports (JCR) Q1 journals, providing valuable reference value from the perspectives of clinical guidelines, perioperative management, causes and diagnostic methods of infection, epidemiological investigation, risk factors and prognostic analysis.

The number of publications in HPJI field had been on the rise over the past 20 years, from disease management to prevention. An intensive reading of the top 10 cited articles is beneficial to understand the focus of HPJI research comprehensively.

COVID-19 is one of the most severe global health events in recent years. Google Trends provides a comprehensive analysis of the search frequency for specific terms on Google, reflecting the public's areas of interest. As of now, there has been no bibliometric study on COVID-19 and Google Trends. Therefore, the aim of this study is to perform a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of existing Google Trends research related to COVID-19.

We retrieved 467 records from the Web of Science™ Core Collection, covering the period from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2023. We then conducted scientific metric analyses using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the Bibliometrix package in R-software to explore the temporal and spatial distribution, author distribution, thematic categories, references, and keywords related to these records.

A total of 467 valid records, comprising 418 articles and 49 reviews, were collected for analysis. Over the 4 years, the highest number of publications occurred in 2021. The United States had the most published papers, followed by China. Notably, the United States and China had the closest collaborative relationship. Harvard University ranked as the institution with the highest number of published papers. However, there appeared to be a lack of collaboration between institutions. The research hotspots related to COVID-19 in Google Trends encompassed "outbreak," "epidemic," "air pollution," "internet," "time series," and "public interest."

This study provides a valuable overview of the directions in which Google Trends is being utilized for studying infectious diseases, particularly COVID-19.

A nomogram prediction model was developed with the aim of identifying and analyzing which independent risk factors affect the recovery of hip function in elderly patients with intertrochanteric femur fractures after undergoing proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nailing (PFNA) internal fixation. We collected detailed data on elderly patients with intertrochanteric femur fractures from January 2018 to December 2022 in a tertiary hospital in China. By applying univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, we systematically screened and identified the independent risk factors affecting the recovery of hip function after PFNA internal fixation. Based on these risk factors, we further constructed a corresponding nomogram prediction model. In order to comprehensively evaluate the predictive performance of the model, we not only plotted the receiver operating characteristic curve and calculated the area under the curve, but also produced the calibration curve and decision curve. Of the total 646 patients included, 510 patients had good hip function recovery and were categorized as the excellent hip function group, while the other 136 patients had poor hip function recovery and were categorized as the poor hip function group. After rigorous unifactorial and multifactorial logistic regression analyses, we identified 5 key risk factors, which were: fracture instability, posterolateral wall type III, posterolateral wall thickness less than or equal to 2 cm, cusp distance >25 mm, and delayed postoperative weight-bearing. Together, these factors constitute the main risk factors affecting the recovery of hip function after PFNA internal fixation of intertrochanteric femur fractures in the elderly. In this study, a nomogram prediction model for the recovery of hip function after PFNA internal fixation of intertrochanteric femur fractures in the elderly was successfully constructed, and the model demonstrated good prediction accuracy. This not only provides a powerful tool for orthopedic surgeons so that they can identify and intervene in advance with risk factors that may affect patients' hip functional recovery, but also provides a scientific basis for developing more precise and personalized treatment strategies.

Advancement in medicine and technology has resulted into prevention of countless deaths and increased life span. However, it is important to note that, the modern lifestyle has altered the food habits, witnessed increased life-style stresses and road accidents leading to several health complications and one of the primary victims is the bone health. More often than ever, healthcare professionals encounter cases of massive bone fracture, bone loss and generation of critical sized bone defects. Surgical interventions, through the use of bone grafting techniques are necessary in such cases. Natural bone grafts (allografts, autografts and xenografts) however, have major drawbacks in terms of delayed rehabilitation, lack of appropriate donors, infection and morbidity that shifted the focus of several investigators to the direction of synthetic bone grafts. By employing biomaterials that are based on bone tissue engineering (BTE), synthetic bone grafts provide a more biologically acceptable approach to establishing the phases of bone healing. In BTE, various materials are utilized to support and enhance bone regeneration. Biodegradable polymers like poly-(lactic acid), poly-(glycolic acid), and poly-(ϵ-caprolactone) are commonly used for their customizable mechanical properties and ability to degrade over time, allowing for natural bone growth. PEG is employed in hydrogels to promote cell adhesion and growth. Ceramics, such as hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) mimic natural bone mineral and support bone cell attachment, withβ-TCP gradually resorbing as new bone forms. Composite materials, including polymer-ceramic and polymer-glasses, combine the benefits of both polymers and ceramics/glasses to offer enhanced mechanical and biological properties. Natural biomaterials like collagen, gelatin, and chitosan provide a natural matrix for cell attachment and tissue formation, with chitosan also offering antimicrobial properties. Hybrid materials such as decellularized bone matrix retain natural bone structure and biological factors, while functionalized scaffolds incorporate growth factors or bioactive molecules to further stimulate bone healing and integration. The current review article provides the critical insights on several biomaterials that could yield to revolutionary improvements in orthopedic medical fields. The introduction section of this article focuses on the statistical information on the requirements of various bone scaffolds globally and its impact on economy. In the later section, anatomy of the human bone, defects and diseases pertaining to human bone, and limitations of natural bone scaffolds and synthetic bone scaffolds were detailed. Biopolymers, bioceramics, and biometals-based biomaterials were discussed in further depth in the sections that followed. The article then concludes with a summary addressing the current trends and the future prospects of potential bone transplants.

The practice of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is widely used for maximizing the clinical efficacy of antimicrobials. However, a systematic bibliometric analysis providing an overview of this field is lacking at present. The aim of the current study was to identify hotspots and trends in antimicrobial TDM, highlight collaborations and influences among countries, institutions, and journals, and assess the knowledge base for further development of clinical research.

Articles and reviews related to TDM of antimicrobials from the Web of Science Core Collection were collected. CiteSpace and VOSviewer, two visualization tools, were utilized to graphically assess the key elements within this domain, including mapping of countries and regions, institutions, keywords, and references associated with the field of antimicrobial TDM. Through this approach, we were able to successfully provide a comprehensive visual overview of the research landscape, highlighting the significant players and thematic trends in the literature.

From 2000 to 2023, a total of 17,236 authors from 4,112 institutions in 112 countries/regions published 3,710 papers in 819 academic journals. The United States had the highest number of publications, with University of Queensland identified as the most active institution. The journal with the greatest number of publications was Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, whereas Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy was the most co-cited journal. Current research focuses on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, vancomycin, posaconazole, invasive fungal infection and critically ill patients. Promising hotspots for future research include vancomycin, voriconazole, meropenem, isavuconazole, posaconazole, and teicoplanin. Moreover, vancomycin and critically ill patients remain a hot topic of future research.

Using bibliometric and visualization methods, the research hotspots of antimicrobial drugs in TDM were analyzed. The continued increase in the number of annual publications demonstrates the vital significance of TDM for antimicrobials. Data from this study provide a valuable reference for future research trends in TDM of antimicrobial agents.

The occurrence of urinary stone disease (USD) is associated with several factors. However, no conclusive results have been reached regarding the treatment of USD risk factors. This study conducted a detailed bibliometric analysis of USD risk factors to determine research hotspots and provide future development directions.

Articles and reviews on the USD risk factors published between 2010 and 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Co-occurrence and collaboration analyses of countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords were conducted using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and R-Bibliometrix.

A total of 436 articles on USD risk factors were included in the study. China and the United States have emerged as the leading countries in this field, with the Mayo Clinic having the highest amount of publication output. Among all the authors, Ferraro PM had the highest number of publications, while Taylor EN was the highly cited author. The journal with the highest number of publications was UROLITHIASIS. Scales reported the reference with the highest burst strength. The current citation themes in research on USD risk factors were 'multifaceted relationship' and 'kidney stone disease recurrence'. 'Medical-management' was identified as a major keyword, indicating future research hotspots.

This study employed bibliometric methods to conduct a comprehensive visual analysis of USD risk factors to show publication trends and popular topics in this area over the past decade. The results provide a valuable reference for future research on the risk factors of USD.

This study aims to analyze cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the Bibliometrix R-package software to identify research hotspots and future directions.

Search by Web of Science Core Collection Database for related literature on CSF dynamics from 2013 to 2023. Bibliometric and visual analysis of data on number of citations, number of publications, most productive countries and institutions, important authors and journals, time of publication, popular topics, and keywords were performed by CiteSpace and VOSviewer.

In the field of CSF dynamics, there is a clear upward trend in annual publications. The United States, Japan, and China are among the top three countries in publishing output. The University of Copenhagen, the University of Idaho, and the University of Zurich are leading institutions in research publications. The most prolific writers in this field are Bryn A. Martin, and Olivier Baledent. Active authors and institutions in the field form multiple structurally stable research teams with each other, but the collaboration between different authors and institutional teams needs to be further strengthened. The literature with the highest citation rates in the past decade is "Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown in the Aging Human Hippocampus," "Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown Is an Early Biomarker of Human Cognitive Dysfunction," "Serum Neurofilament Dynamics Predicts Neurodegeneration and Clinical Progression in Presymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease," and Coupled Electrophysiological, Hemodynamic, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Oscillations in Human Sleep." Key research keywords such as CSF, hydrocephalus, dynamics, brain, blood flow, CSF, pressure, CSF flow, and MRI highlight focal areas for CSF dynamics studies. These keywords represent current research priorities and research frontiers in this field.

This bibliometric analysis reveals hot and future research issues in the field of CSF fluid dynamics, demonstrating the need for enhanced international collaboration and interdisciplinary research to deepen the field. Keyword analysis further clarified the research focus and provided useful guidance for subsequent studies.

This study provides a comprehensive overview of the knowledge structure and research hotspots regarding barriers and strategies for the implementation of clinical practice guidelines.

Publications on barriers and strategies for guideline implementation were searched for on Web of Science Core Collection from database inception to October 24, 2022. R package bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace were used to conduct the analysis.

The search yielded 21,768 records from 3,975 journals by 99,998 authors from 3,964 institutions in 186 countries between 1983 and 2022. The number of published papers had a roughly increasing trend annually. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada contributed the majority of records. The University of Toronto, the University of Washington, and the University of Sydney were the biggest node in their cluster on the collaboration network map. The three journals that published the greatest number of relevant studies were Implementation Science , BMJ Open , and BMC Health Services Research . Grimshaw JM was the author with the most published articles, and was the second most co-cited author. Research hotspots in this field focused on public health and education, evidence-based medicine and quality promotion, diagnosis and treatment, and knowledge translation and barriers. Challenges and barriers, as well as societal impacts and inequalities, are likely to be key directions for future research.

This is the first bibliometric study to comprehensively summarize the research trends of research on barriers and strategies for clinical practice guideline implementation. A better understanding of collaboration patterns and research hotspots may be useful for researchers.

http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A247.

The discovery of pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs) has not only deepened our understanding of the pathogenesis and progression of heart disease, but also advanced the development of engineered cardiac tissues, cardiac regenerative therapy, drug discovery and the cardiotoxicity assessment of drugs. This study aims to visualize the developmental trajectory of PSC-CM research over the past 18 years to identify the emerging research frontiers and challenges.

The literature on PSC-CMs from 2007 to 2024 was retrieved from the Web of Science and PubMed databases. Bibliometrix, VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were used for statistical analysis and visualization of scientific literature. Previous clinical trials were summarized using data from the ClinicalTrials.gov database.

A total of 29,660 authors from 81 countries and regions published 6,406 papers on PSC-CMs over the past 18 years. The annual output of PSC-CM research experienced a general upward trend from 2007 to 2021, reaching its peak in 2021, followed by a notable decline in 2022 and 2023. The United States has emerged as the most influential nation in this field, with Stanford University being the most prolific institution and Joseph C. Wu standing out as the most productive and highly cited scholar. Circulation Research, Circulation, and Nature have been identified as the most co-cited journals. Organ-on-a-chip, 3D bio-printing, cardiac microtissue, extracellular vesicle, inflammation, energy metabolism, atrial fibrillation, personalized medicine etc., with a longer burst period, and maturation of PSC-CMs, with the highest burst strength of 27.19, are the major research focuses for rigorous investigation in recent years. Cardiac organoid is emerging as a promising key research frontier. While the clinical trials of stem-cell-mediated treatment for heart diseases shows promise, significant challenges remain. Further research is imperative to optimize protocols, enhance cell delivery methods, and establish standardized practices to improve clinical outcomes.

In conclusion, several major research hotspots, including engineered cardiac tissue and maturation, exosome-based regenerative therapy, inflammation response, energy metabolism, atrial fibrillation, and personalized medicine etc. will continue to attract substantial interest from investigators worldwide. Cardiac organoids to in vitro recapitulate the intricate human heart is emerging as a promising key research frontier. Significant challenges persist in the clinical trials of stem-cell-mediated therapies for heart diseases.

Bibliometric and data visualization methods were used to identify the current status, key areas, and emerging frontiers in ropivacaine research.

We conducted a comprehensive search of the Web of Science database for publications related to ropivacaine published from 2000 to 2023. The publication types were limited to original articles and reviews. We utilized CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the online bibliometric platform to visualize and analyze the collected data.

A total of 4,147 publications related to ropivacaine were identified, with a consistent growth in annual publications over time. The United States emerged as the most influential country in the field of ropivacaine research, and ranked first in the annual number of publications until 2014. China surpassed the United States in the number of publications for the first time in 2015 and has remained in first place ever since. Of all the research institutions in the field of ropivacaine, University of Copenhagen in Denmark exhibited the highest impact. Brian M. Ilfeld and Casati A were identified as the most influential authors. The leading researchers in this field primarily focused their publications on continuous nerve blocks for postoperative analgesia and ultrasound-guided nerve block techniques. An analysis of reference co-citation clustering revealed 18 distinct research clusters, with current hotspots including erector spinae plane block, dexmedetomidine, quadratus lumborum block, labor analgesia, and mitochondrial respiration. Additionally, keywords analysis indicated that "dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant in nerve blocks" currently represents a research hotspot in the field of ropivacaine.

This bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the research landscape in ropivacaine. It reveals research trends in this field and emerging areas for future investigations. Notably, the application of ropivacaine in nerve blocks is a prominent focus in current research, with a particular emphasis on its combination with dexmedetomidine.

The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a pivotal tool for assessing health care professionals and plays an integral role in medical education.

This study aims to map the bibliometric landscape of OSCE research, highlighting trends and key influencers.

A comprehensive literature search was conducted for materials related to OSCE from January 2004 to December 2023, using the Web of Science Core Collection database. Bibliometric analysis and visualization were performed with VOSviewer and CiteSpace software tools.

Our analysis indicates a consistent increase in OSCE-related publications over the study period, with a notable surge after 2019, culminating in a peak of activity in 2021. The United States emerged as a significant contributor, responsible for 30.86% (1626/5268) of total publications and amassing 44,051 citations. Coauthorship network analysis highlighted robust collaborations, particularly between the United States and the United Kingdom. Leading journals in this domain-BMC Medical Education, Medical Education, Academic Medicine, and Medical Teacher-featured the highest volume of papers, while The Lancet garnered substantial citations, reflecting its high impact factor (to be verified for accuracy). Prominent authors in the field include Sondra Zabar, Debra Pugh, Timothy J Wood, and Susan Humphrey-Murto, with Ronaldo M Harden, Brian D Hodges, and George E Miller being the most cited. The analysis of key research terms revealed a focus on "education," "performance," "competence," and "skills," indicating these are central themes in OSCE research.

The study underscores a dynamic expansion in OSCE research and international collaboration, spotlighting influential countries, institutions, authors, and journals. These elements are instrumental in steering the evolution of medical education assessment practices and suggest a trajectory for future research endeavors. Future work should consider the implications of these findings for medical education and the potential areas for further investigation, particularly in underrepresented regions or emerging competencies in health care training.

Thalassemia, an inherited quantitative globin disorder, is the most prevalent monogenic disease globally. While severe alpha thalassemia results in intrauterine death, β-thalassemia manifests during childhood due to the "second conversion of hemoglobin", garnering increased attention in recent decades.

In this study, a bibliometric analysis was conducted of thalassemia articles published in the Web of Science Core Collection database between 2013 and 2023 to establish a comprehensive overview and to identify emerging trends. A total of 5655 studies published between 2013 and 2023 were systematically retrieved, and annual publications demonstrated a steady increase, maintaining a high level over the past decade.

The United States contributed the highest number of publications, followed by China. Notably, the journal Blood emerged as the leading authority in β-thalassemia research. Analysis of research hotspots revealed that the pathogenesis of β-thalassemia is primarily linked to iron overload, anemia, gene mutations, and ineffective erythropoiesis. Furthermore, recent studies focusing on gene editing therapies present promising avenues for future investigation.

These findings grasp the research status of β-thalassemia and shed new light on future research frontiers.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) - also termed presbycusis - is prevalent among older adults, leading to a range of issues. Although considerable progress in the understanding of ARHL over the decades, available reports lack data from recent years and do not comprehensively reflect the latest advancements and trends. Therefore, our study sought to assess research hotspots and trends in ARHL over the past 5 years to provide the basis for future research.

The Web of Science Core Collection database was searched and screened from January 1, 2019 to October 21, 2023, according to the inclusion criteria. CiteSpace (5.8.R3), VOSviewer (1.6.19), and Microsoft Excel 2019 were employed for bibliometric analysis and visualization.

3084 articles from 92 countries led by the United States and China were included. There has been a steady upward trend in the number of publications from 2019 to 2023. The most productive institutions, authors, and journals are Johns Hopkins University (n = 113), Lin FR (n = 66), and Ear and Hearing (n = 135), respectively. Trend topic analyses revealed that "cochlear synaptopathy" and "dementia" were the predominant foci. Keywords, including "individuals" and "national health", began to appear.

Over the past 5 years, the annual number of publications has increased significantly and will continue to do so. Research on the mechanism of ARHL, represented by "oxidative stress", is a continuing focus. Emerging topics such as "individual differences" and "national health" may be potential future hotspots in this field.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a prevalent disease, and the relevant literature has been increasingly investigated over the past years. Consequently, it is imperative to conduct a scientific and comprehensive DPN research field bibliometric analysis. This study aims to summarize and visualize the literature distribution laws, the research hotspots, and the development trends in DPN using bibliometric methods. We searched all relevant documents published from 2011 to 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometric analysis and network visualization were performed using VOSviewer, R-bibliometrix, and CiteSpace tools, focusing on countries, institutions, authors, journals, highly cited papers, references, and keywords. This study included a total of 2708 documents. The annual number of publications in the field has notably increased. China, the USA, and the UK take on critical significance in DPN research. The University of Manchester in the UK has the highest number of publications (109). Malik has the most publications (86). Tesfaye literature has been most frequently cited by scholars of DPN research. The Journal of Diabetes and its Complications and Frontiers in Endocrinology have the most publications (45 each). Diabetes Care stands out with the highest impact factor (16.200), number of citations (2516), and H-index (27) among the number of publications top 10 journals. The paper "Colloca, L. et al Neuropathic pain. Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 2017, 3 (1):1-19" has the highest number of citations (1224 times). The most critical co-cited reference is "Tesfaye S, 2010, DIABETES CARE, V33, P2285" (cited 408 times). Keywords like "type 2 diabetes," "diagnosis," "association," "retinopathy," "risk factors," "progression," "corneal confocal microscopy," "nephropathy," "balance," "microvascular complications," "inflammation," "disease," and "insulin resistance" represent the recent research hotspots. The development, research hotspots, and future trends of the global DPN domain from 2011 to 2023 were summarized and visualized in this study. This study can present more insights into the general situation of DPN research and provide a useful reference for clinical decision-making and directions of subsequent research.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe condition that often leads to persistent damage of nerve cells and motor dysfunction. Autophagy is an intracellular system that regulates the recycling and degradation of proteins and lipids, primarily through lysosomal-dependent organelle degradation. Numerous publications have highlighted the involvement of autophagy in the secondary injury of SCI. Therefore, gaining a comprehensive understanding of autophagy research is crucial for designing effective therapies for SCI.

Dates were obtained from Web of Science, including articles and article reviews published from its inception to October 2023. VOSviewer, Citespace, and SCImago were used to visualized analysis. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Web of Science data, focusing on various categories such as publications, authors, journals, countries, organizations, and keywords. This analysis was aimed to summarize the knowledge map of autophagy and SCI.

From 2009 to 2023, the number of annual publications in this field exhibited wave-like growth, with the highest number of publications recorded in 2020 (44 publications). Our analysis identified Mei Xifan as the most prolific author, while Kanno H emerged as the most influential author based on co-citations. Neuroscience Letters was found to have published the largest number of papers in this field. China was the most productive country, contributing 232 publications, and Wenzhou Medical University was the most active organization, publishing 39 papers.

We demonstrated a comprehensive overview of the relationship between autophagy and SCI utilizing bibliometric tools. This article could help to enhance the understanding of the field about autophagy and SCI, foster collaboration among researchers and organizations, and identify potential therapeutic targets for treatment.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of global mortality, with atherosclerosis (AS) contributing to its pathological basis. Inflammation plays a critical role in the pathophysiological process of AS, and the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been extensively studied in this context. This study aimed to analyze the research status of the NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular disease and provide research directions for further exploration in this field.

Using the "Bibliometrix" and "CiteSpace" software, a total of 516 articles were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) database published between 2012 and 2023. The search query used the keywords "["CVD" OR "cardiovascular disease"] AND ["NLRP3 inflammasome "OR "NLRP3"]". Visual analysis was performed on authors, countries, institutions, journal sources, keywords, references, and future trends.

A total of 516 English articles were retrieved, showing an overall upward trend in annual publication volume with slight fluctuations. China, the United States, and Europe were the countries and regions with the highest number of published articles. Among them, China had the highest article count (170), while the United States had the highest citation count (18,664), centrality score (0.43), and h-index (90), indicating its influential role in this research area. These countries also possessed elite institutions, professional researchers, and high-impact journals, making them leading contributors in this field. The main pathogenic mechanisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome in CVD were identified as "oxidative stress", "pyroptosis", and "inflammation". The most frequently studied signaling pathways included "NF-κB", "IL-1", and "C-reactive protein". The most studied disease types were coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, and myocardial infarction. Additionally, research on the correlation between cholesterol markers and inflammatory indicators associated with NLRP3 inflammasome in CVD risk assessment has gained significant momentum, with the main mechanism being NLRP3/IL-6/hs-CRP and cholesterol lipoproteins emerging as a major keyword in this context.

This study provides valuable insights into the research hotspots and emerging trends of the NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular disease. The findings offer guidance for researchers and scholars in this field and facilitate the exploration of new research directions.

Gut microbiota, a special group of microbiotas in the human body, contributes to health in a way that can't be ignored. In recent years, Mendelian randomization, which is a widely used and successful method of analyzing causality, has been investigated for the relationship between the gut microbiota and related diseases. Unfortunately, there seems to be a shortage of systematic bibliometric analysis in this field. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the research progress of Mendelian randomization for gut microbiota through comprehensive bibliometric analysis. In this study, publications about Mendelian randomization for gut microbiota were gathered from 2013 to 2023, utilizing the Web of Science Core Collection as our literature source database. The search strategies were as follows: TS = (intestinal flora OR gut flora OR intestinal microflora OR gut microflora OR intestinal microbiota OR gut microbiota OR bowel microbiota OR bowel flora OR gut bacteria OR intestinal tract bacteria OR bowel bacteria OR gut metabolites OR gut microbiota) and TS = (Mendelian randomization). VOSviewer (version 1.6.18), CiteSpace (version 6.1.R1), Microsoft Excel 2021, and Scimago Graphica were employed for bibliometric and visualization analysis. According to research, from January 2013 to August 2023, 154 publications on Mendelian randomization for gut microbiota were written by 1053 authors hailing from 332 institutions across 31 countries and published in 86 journals. China had the highest number of publications, with 109. Frontiers in Microbiology is the most prolific journal, and Lei Zhang has published the highest number of significant articles. The most popular keywords were "Mendelian randomization," "gut microbiota," "instruments," "association," "causality," "gut microbiome," "risk," "bias," "genome-wide association," and "causal relationship." Moreover, the current research hotspots in this field focus on utilizing a 2-sample Mendelian randomization to investigate the relationship between gut microbiota and associated disorders. This research systematically reveals a comprehensive overview of the literature that has been published over the last 10 years about Mendelian randomization for gut microbiota. Moreover, the knowledge of key information in the field from a bibliometric perspective may greatly facilitate future research in the field.

Epilepsy and depression have complicated bidirectional relationships. Our study aimed to explore the field of epilepsy comorbid with depression in a bibliometric perspective from 2014-2023.

To improve our understanding of epilepsy and depression by evaluating the relationship between epilepsy and depression, bibliometric analyses were performed.

Epilepsy and depression-related publications from the last decade were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. We conducted bibliometric and visual analysis using VOSviewer and CiteSpace, examining authorships, countries, institutions, journals of publication, co-citations of references, connections between keywords, clusters of keywords, and keywords with citation bursts.

Over the past ten years, we collected 1045 research papers focusing on the field of epilepsy and comorbid depression. Publications on epilepsy and depression have shown a general upward trend over time, though with some fluctuations. The United States, with 287 articles, and the University of Melbourne, contributing 34 articles, were the top countries and institutions, respectively. In addition, in the field of epilepsy and depression, Professor Lee, who has published 30 articles, was the most contributing author. The hot topics pay attention to the quality of life in patients with epilepsy and depression.

We reported that quality of life and stigma in patients with epilepsy comorbid with depression are possible future hot topics and directions in the field of epilepsy and depression research.

We utilized bibliometric and data visualization techniques to discern the primary research domains and emerging frontiers in the field of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN).

We systematically searched the Web of Science database for AHN-related articles published between 2004 and 2023. The retrieved articles were filtered based on publication types (articles and reviews) and language (English). We employed CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the online bibliometric platform (bibliometric.com) to visualize and analyze the collected data.

In total, 1,590 AHN-related publications were discovered, exhibiting a steady increase in yearly publications over time. The United States emerged as the leading contributor in AHN research in terms of both publication quantity and national influence. Among all research institutions in the field of AHN, the University of California System exhibited the highest impact. Kempermann, Gerd was the most active author. The publications of the top three active authors primarily focused on the functions of AHN, and reversing hippocampal damage and cognitive impairment by improving AHN. An analysis of reference co-citation clustering revealed 8 distinct research clusters, and the notable ones included "adult hippocampal neurogenesis," "neurogenesis," "hippocampus," "dentate gyrus," "neural stem cell," and "depression." Additionally, a burst keyword detection indicated that 'anxiety' is a current research hotspot in the field of AHN.

This in-depth bibliographic assessment of AHN offers a deeper insight into the present research hotspots in the field. The association between AHN and cognitive diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and anxiety, has emerged as a prominent research hotspot.