Novel blood-based microRNA biomarker panel for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

Table 1 Participant demographics

	n	Median age (IQR), yr	Female gender
Microarray analysis and RT-qPCR confirmation
Patients	8	64 (57-65)	38%
Controls	11	46 (42-49)	46%
RT-qPCR validation
Patients	11	68 (62-79)	46%
Controls	11	46 (42-49)	46%
High risk	11	48 (46-50)	73%

IQR: Interquartile range. RT-qPCR: Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Table 2 The 42 microRNAs for confirmation study

MiRNA	Fold change	FDR	Ref
Up-regulated in Pancreatic Cancer
MiR-3184	4.5	0.005
MiR-642b	3.3	0.028
MiR-1909	3.0	0.030
MiR-3154	3.5	0.064
MiR-711	3.1	0.064
MiR-3125	5.2	0.069
MiR-4253	2.8	0.082
MiR-762	2.4	0.082
MiR-885-5p	3.0	0.103
MiR-3188	2.4	0.154
MiR-194	2.1	0.154	[19]
MiR-193b	2.4	0.155
MiR-22	1.4	0.706	[19,20]
Up-regulated in Healthy Controls
MiR-486-5p	3.0	0.064
MiR-18b	2.9	0.064
MiR-1288	2.6	0.064
MiR-486-3p	2.3	0.082
MiR-18a	2.7	0.082	[19,25]
MiR-7	2.5	0.091	[19]
MiR-26b	3.9	0.112	[19]
MiR-646	2.5	0.131
MiR-1295	2.4	0.131
MiR-301a	2.4	0.131	[18]
MiR-106b	2.3	0.151	[19]
Let-7i	4.0	0.154	[20]
MiR-16	3.7	0.154	[17,19]
MiR-20b	2.9	0.154
MiR-93	2.6	0.154	[19]
MiR-106a	2.6	0.154	[17,19]
MiR-17	2.5	0.154
MiR-19b	2.5	0.154	[19]
MiR-1468	2.2	0.154
MiR-29b	2.1	0.171	[20]
MiR-15b	2.3	0.172	[19]
MiR-186	1.8	0.196	[19]
MiR-10b	1.9	0.250	[19]
MiR-143	2.3	0.323	[19,20]
MiR-181a	1.7	0.361	[14,19]
MiR-222	1.6	0.546	[14,17-19]
MiR-221	1.6	0.546	[14,18,19]
MiR-210	1.2	0.813	[17,19]
MiR-21	1.4	0.866	[14,18,19]

The 42 final target list based on the 290 miRNAs identified by miRNA microarray. The fold change shown is calculated as the ratio of pancreatic cancers over healthy controls (under “Up-regulated in Pancreatic Cancer”) or healthy controls over pancreatic cancers (under “Up-regulated in Healthy Controls”). MiRNA: MicroRNA; FDR: False discovery rate.

Table 3 Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the 3 microRNAs validated by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for diagnosing pancreatic cancer

MiRNA	Sensitivity	Specificity	AUC (95%CI)	P value
MiR-885-5p	82%	73%	0.84 (0.68-1.00)	0.006
MiR-22-3p	82%	82%	0.86 (0.70-1.00)	0.004
MiR-642b-3p	82%	55%	0.79 (0.59-0.98)	0.02
Composite of 3 miRNAs	91%	91%	0.97 (0.90-1.00)	< 0.001

AUC: Area under the curve; MiRNA: MicroRNA.