Retrospective analysis of risk factors for left-sided vs right-sided colon cancer in a southern Chinese Han population

doi:10.4251/wjgo.121675

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Oncol. Sep 15, 2026; 18(9): 121675
Published online Sep 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.121675

Table 1 Clinical data, statistics, and comparison results of left-sided colorectal cancer and right-sided colorectal cancer groups, n (%) or mean ± SD

	L-CRC group, n = 1132	R-CRC group, n = 877	P value
Age (year)	54.13 ± 7.5	55.1 ± 6.7	0.0023
Male sex	832 (73.5)	468 (53.4)	< 0.0001
Smoking	786 (69.3)	128 (14.6)	< 0.0001
Alcohol drinking	236 (20.8)	184 (21)	0.9422
Hypertension	905 (79.9)	657 (74.9)	0.0072
Diabetic mellitus	95 (8.4)	41 (4.7)	0.0016
Hepatitis B virus infection	214 (18.9)	104 (11.9)	< 0.0001
Family history of CRC	80 (6.8)	13 (1.5)	< 0.0001
Family history of colorectal polyps	786 (69.4)	263 (30)	< 0.0001
Tumor stage			< 0.0001
I	60 (5.3)	48 (5.5)
II	90 (8.0)	28 (3.2)
III	678 (59.9)	290 (33.1)
IV	304 (26.9)	511 (58.3)
BMI (kg/m²)	26.72 ± 2.2	23.97 ± 1.9	< 0.0001
TG (mmol/L)	2.6 ± 1.3	3.1 ± 1.5	< 0.0001
LDL (mmol/L)	3.1 ± 1.0	2.7 ± 1.0	< 0.0001

L-CRC: Left-sided colorectal cancer; R-CRC: Right-sided colorectal cancer; CRC: Colorectal cancer; BMI: Body mass index; TG: Triglyceride; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein.

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Table 2 Independent risk factors of left-sided colorectal cancer and right-sided colorectal cancer

Factor	L-CRC	R-CRC
Male	-	+
Smoking	+	+
Hypertension	-	+
Elevated TG	-	+
Elevated LDL	+	-
High BMI	+	-
HBV infection	+	-
Family history of CRC	+	-
Family history of polyps	+	-

L-CRC: Left-sided colorectal cancer; R-CRC: Right-sided colorectal cancer; CRC: Colorectal cancer; BMI: Body mass index; TG: Triglyceride; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HBV: Hepatitis B virus.

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Table 3 The ORs of influencing factors between left-sided colorectal cancer and control, analyzed by logistic regression

ORs	Variable	Estimate	95%CI (profile likelihood)	\|Z\|	P value
β1	Age	1.199	1.100-1.310	4.073	< 0.0001
β2	BMI	1.325	0.7148-2.481	0.8872	0.3750
β3	Male[1]	1.458	0.7772-2.771	1.165	0.2440
β4	Smoking[1]	2.034	0.6574-6.688	1.204	0.2286
β5	Drinking[1]	2.234	1.028-4.907	2.020	0.0434
β6	DM[1]	49.20	26.61-95.61	11.97	< 0.0001
β7	HBV[1]	1.095	0.6693-1.790	0.3630	0.7166
β8	Hypertension[1]	0.09002	0.03404-0.2213	5.052	< 0.0001
β9	Family history of CRC[1]	1.304	0.9099-1.871	1.445	0.1484
β10	Family history of polyps[1]	0.03006	0.01040-0.08200	6.661	< 0.0001
β11	TG	0.3745	0.1559-0.9105	2.185	0.0289
β12	LDL	1.227	1.195-1.262	14.61	< 0.0001

CRC: Colorectal cancer; BMI: Body mass index; TG: Triglyceride; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; DM: Diabetes mellitus.

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Table 4 The ORs of influencing factors between right-sided colorectal cancer and control, analyzed by logistic regression

ORs	Variable	Estimate	95%CI (profile likelihood)	\|Z\|	P value
β1	Age	0.5913	0.5142-0.6738	7.640	< 0.0001
β2	BMI	1.891	0.8374-4.438	1.505	0.1324
β3	Male[1]	3.672	1.708-8.173	3.268	0.0011
β4	Smoking[1]	0.1550	0.02957-0.7704	2.266	0.0234
β5	Drinking[1]	60.59	22.44-197.6	7.475	< 0.0001
β6	DM[1]	9.927e-005	0.00002135-0.0003921	12.46	< 0.0001
β7	HBV[1]	0.1010	0.04727-0.2061	6.123	< 0.0001
β8	Hypertension[1]	518.7	94.94-3370	6.918	< 0.0001
β9	CRC family history[1]	1.706	0.9574-3.083	1.795	0.0726
β10	Polyp family history[1]	0.0001669	0.00002886-0.0008014	10.30	< 0.0001
β11	TG	0.0001938	0.00002737-0.001135	9.045	< 0.0001
β12	LDL	1.216	1.172-1.265	10.13	< 0.0001

CRC: Colorectal cancer; BMI: Body mass index; TG: Triglyceride; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; DM: Diabetes mellitus.

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Table 5 ORs of influencing factors between left-sided colorectal cancer and right-sided colorectal cancer analyzed by logistic regression

Odds ratios	Variable	Estimate	95%CI (profile likelihood)	\|Z\|	P value
β1	Age	0.9912	0.9707-1.012	0.8289	0.4072
β2	BMI	1.937	1.763-2.142	13.33	< 0.0001
β3	Male[1]	0.06851	0.01992-0.1776	4.919	< 0.0001
β4	Smoking[1]	136.3	52.46-470.5	8.988	< 0.0001
β5	Drinking[1]	0.3043	0.2071-0.4441	6.118	< 0.0001
β6	DM[1]	0.08025	0.03281-0.1930	5.586	< 0.0001
β7	HBV[1]	2.281	1.284-4.098	2.788	0.0053
β8	Hypertension[1]	0.2831	0.1645-0.4846	4.581	< 0.0001
β9	CRC family history[1]	1.277	0.4858-3.544	0.4839	0.6284
β10	Polyp family history[1]	1.837	1.199-2.819	2.789	0.0053
β11	TG	0.6445	0.5608-0.7374	6.292	< 0.0001
β12	LDL	2.078	1.709-2.538	7.257	< 0.0001
β13	Stage[3]	0.6550	0.3226-1.293	1.196	0.2318
β14	Stage[4]	0.1322	0.06448-0.2621	5.663	< 0.0001
β15	Stage[1]	0.3928	0.1562-0.9749	2.003	0.0452

CRC: Colorectal cancer; BMI: Body mass index; TG: Triglyceride; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; DM: Diabetes mellitus.

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Citation: Lai Y, Ye YF, Lin Y, Yu YF, Chen QK. Retrospective analysis of risk factors for left-sided vs right-sided colon cancer in a southern Chinese Han population. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(9): 121675
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v18/i9/121675.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.121675

Lai Y, Ye YF, Lin Y, Yu YF, Chen QK. Retrospective analysis of risk factors for left-sided vs right-sided colon cancer in a southern Chinese Han population. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(9): 121675 [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.121675]

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