Tumour response following preoperative chemotherapy is affected by body mass index in patients with colorectal liver metastases

Table 1 Clinical and pathology characteristics

Item	All patients (n= 126)	Low BMI (n= 74)	High BMI (n= 52)	P value
General characteristics
Male	85 (67.5)	48 (64.9)	37 (71.2)	0.458
Age ≥ 60 yr	54 (42.9)	37 (50.0)	17 (32.7)	0.053
BMI, kg/m2	23.6 ± 3.5	21.2 ± 1.8	27.0 ± 2.3	< 0.001
Weight gain ≥ 5%	34 (27.0)	18 (24.3)	16 (30.8)	0.254
Weight loss ≥ 5%	17 (13.5)	13 (17.6)	4 (7.7)	0.254
Hypertension	50 (39.7)	23 (31.1)	27 (51.9)	0.019
Diabetes	20 (15.9)	10 (13.5)	10 (19.2)	0.387
Primary colorectal tumour
Primary site, colon	62 (49.2)	37 (50.0)	25 (48.1)	0.832
Lymph nodal metastasis1	77 (68.8)	49 (73.1)	28 (62.2)	0.222
Liver metastases
Synchronous	83 (65.9)	52 (70.3)	31 (59.6)	0.214
Bilobar distribution	47 (37.3)	26 (35.1)	21 (40.4)	0.549
Diameter of largest metastases ≥ 3.0 cm	46 (36.5)	24 (32.4)	22 (42.3)	0.257
Multiple metastases	61 (48.4)	36 (48.6)	25 (48.1)	0.950
Preoperative chemotherapy details
Oxaliplatin-based regimen	95 (75.4)	60 (81.1)	35 (67.3)	0.077
Bevacizumab	45 (35.7)	26 (35.1)	19 (36.5)	0.871
Cycles > 6	32 (25.4)	18 (24.3)	14 (26.9)	0.741
Therapy delayed or dose reduced	15 (11.9)	9 (12.2)	6 (11.5)	0.915
Surgical details
Preoperative CEA ≥ 10 ng/mL	52 (41.3)	27 (36.5)	25 (48.1)	0.193
Laparoscopic	101 (80.2)	59 (79.7)	42 (80.8)	0.885
Simultaneous	35 (27.8)	16 (21.6)	19 (36.5)	0.066
Pringle manoeuver	89 (70.6)	51 (68.9)	38 (73.1)	0.614
Postoperative details
Morbidity (Dindo-Clavien II-V)	29 (23.0)	17 (23.0)	12 (23.1)	0.989
Length of hospital stay (median, Q1-Q3)	8.0 (6.0-10.8)	8.0 (6-10)	8.0 (6-11.0)	0.539
Pathology details
Complete tumour response	27 (21.4)	22 (29.7)	5 (9.6)	0.007
Steatosis	56 (44.4)	30 (40.5)	26 (50.0)	0.293
Sinusoidal dilatation	103 (82.4)	62 (84.9)	41 (78.8)	0.379
Severe steatosis (grade 2-3)	17 (13.5)	6 (8.1)	11 (21.2)	0.035
Severe sinusoidal dilatation (grade 2-3)	30 (23.8)	19 (25.7)	11 (21.2)	0.557

¹Primary tumour lymph nodal status data was available in 112 patients. Results in table are expressed as mean ± SD/n (%), where appropriate. ANOVA (analysis of variance) or t-tests for continuous variables and χ² tests for categorical variables were performed. Fisher Exact for categorical variables with expects < 10. BMI: Body mass index; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.

Table 2 Univariate regression analysis of factors for complete tumour response

Factor	n (%)	Complete tumour response (TRG1-2)
		OR (95%CI)	P value
Male	85 (67.5)	0.42 (0.18-1.02)	0.054
Age ≥ 60 yr	54 (42.9)	0.90 (0.38-2.13)	0.802
Low BMI	74 (58.7)	3.98 (1.39-11.34)	0.010
Weight gain ≥ 5%	34 (27.0)	0.68 (0.24-1.90)	0.460
Weight loss ≥ 5%	17 (13.5)	0.68 (0.18-2.63)	0.575
Hypertension	50 (39.7)	0.57 (0.23-1.43)	0.232
Diabetes	20 (15.9)	0.60 (0.16-2.23)	0.449
Primary site, colon	62 (49.2)	0.78 (0.33-1.84)	0.577
Lymph nodal metastasis1	77 (68.8)	0.88 (0.35-2.22)	0.789
Synchronous	83 (65.9)	2.09 (0.77-5.65)	0.147
Bilobar distribution	47 (37.3)	1.78 (0.75-4.20)	0.192
Diameter ≥ 3.0 cm	46 (36.5)	1.53 (0.64-3.63)	0.336
Multiple metastases	61 (48.4)	1.19 (0.51-2.79)	0.687
Oxaliplatin-based regimen	95 (75.4)	3.15 (0.88-11.32)	0.078
Bevacizumab	45 (35.7)	2.88 (1.20-6.87)	0.018
Cycles > 6	32 (25.4)	0.80 (0.29-2.21)	0.669
Preoperative CEA < 10 ng/mL	74 (58.7)	3.98 (1.39-11.34)	0.010
Steatosis	73 (57.9)	1.07 (0.45-2.55)	0.875
Sinusoidal dilatation	103 (82.4)	0.64 (0.22-1.85)	0.412
Severe steatosis (grade 2-3)	17 (13.5)	1.65 (0.53-5.17)	0.392
Severe sinusoidal dilatation (grade 2-3)	30 (23.8)	0.20 (0.05-0.91)	0.038

¹Primary tumour Lymph nodal status data was available in 112 patients. TRG: Tumour regression grade; BMI: Body mass index; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.