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Abbas D, Ciricillo JA, Elom HA, Moon AM. Extrahepatic Health Effects of Alcohol Use and Alcohol-associated Liver Disease. Clin Ther 2023; 45:1201-1211. [PMID: 37806811 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a growing public health concern and an important contributor to global morbidity and mortality. While the hepatotoxic effects of alcohol are well known, the adverse effects of alcohol are manifested in almost every organ system. With the growing public health impact of AUD, the aim of this narrative review is to highlight the epidemiology and burden of AUD and its association with extrahepatic diseases including malignancy and disorders of the gastrointestinal (GI), cardiovascular, immunologic, neurologic, endocrine, and hematologic systems. METHODS A narrative review of the literature was performed to identify studies addressing the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and therapy of extrahepatic health manifestations of alcohol use. FINDINGS In the United States, an estimated 14.5 million people have AUD and approximately 88,000 adults die yearly due to alcohol-related causes. The consumption of alcohol and AUD is associated with injuries, violence, cancers, nonmalignant conditions of the GI system, infections, effects on the cardiovascular system, and neurodegenerative diseases. These conditions contribute to the increased mortality associated with AUD and are burdensome to patients and caregivers. IMPLICATIONS Increased awareness of the extrahepatic manifestations of AUD, screening for AUD using validated screening tools, such as the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C) score, and offering evidence-based interventions to patients with AUD is imperative to reduce the public health burden of AUD. Although historically controversial, recent evidence suggests that any level of alcohol consumption can have negative health consequences. Further research is warranted to determine if any amount of alcohol is safe for consumption. Public health efforts are warranted to help curtail the growing burden of AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniyal Abbas
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Jacob A Ciricillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medicine Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Hilary A Elom
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Andrew M Moon
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
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Kumar A, Chinnathambi S, Kumar M, Pandian GN. Food Intake and Colorectal Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:1710-1742. [PMID: 37572059 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2242103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for considerable mortalities worldwide. Several modifiable risk factors, including a high intake of certain foods and beverages can cause CRC. This review summarized the latest findings on the intake of various foods, nutrients, ingredients, and beverages on CRC development, with the objective of classifying them as a risk or protective factor. High-risk food items include red meat, processed meat, eggs, high alcohol consumption, sugar-sweetened beverages, and chocolate candy. Food items that are protective include milk, cheese and other dairy products, fruits, vegetables (particularly cruciferous), whole grains, legumes (particularly soy beans), fish, tea (particularly green tea), coffee (particularly among Asians), chocolate, and moderate alcohol consumption (particularly wine). High-risk nutrients/ingredients include dietary fat from animal sources and industrial trans-fatty acids (semisolid/solid hydrogenated oils), synthetic food coloring, monosodium glutamate, titanium dioxide, and high-fructose corn sirup. Nutrients/ingredients that are protective include dietary fiber (particularly from cereals), fatty acids (medium-chain and odd-chain saturated fatty acids and highly unsaturated fatty acids, including omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids), calcium, polyphenols, curcumin, selenium, zinc, magnesium, and vitamins A, C, D, E, and B (particularly B6, B9, and B2). A combination of micronutrients and multi-vitamins also appears to be beneficial in reducing recurrent adenoma incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Kumar
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-ICeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shanmugavel Chinnathambi
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-ICeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Ganesh N Pandian
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-ICeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Yuan Z, Wang S, Liu Z, Liu Y, Wang Y, Han Y, Gao W, Liu X, Li H, Zhang Q, Ma H, Wang J, Wei X, Zhang X, Cui W, Zhang C. A risk scoring system for advanced colorectal neoplasia in high-risk participants to improve current colorectal cancer screening in Tianjin, China. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:466. [PMCID: PMC9670427 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02563-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Given the limited effectiveness of the current Chinese colorectal cancer (CRC) screening procedure, adherence to colonoscopy remains low. We aim to develop and validate a scoring system based on individuals who were identified as having a high risk in initial CRC screening to achieve more efficient risk stratification and improve adherence to colonoscopy.
Methods
A total of 29,504 screening participants with positive High-Risk Factor Questionnaire (HRFQ) or faecal immunochemical test (FIT) who underwent colonoscopy in Tianjin from 2012–2020 were enrolled in this study. Binary regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between risk factors and advanced colorectal neoplasia. Internal validation was also used to assess the performance of the scoring system.
Results
Male sex, older age (age ≥ 50 years), high body mass index (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2), current or past smoking and weekly alcohol intake were identified as risk factors for advanced colorectal neoplasm. The odds ratios (ORs) for significant variables were applied to construct the risk score ranging from 0–11: LR, low risk (score 0–3); MR, moderate risk (score 4–6); and HR, high risk (score 7–11). Compared with subjects with LR, those with MR and HR had ORs of 2.47 (95% confidence interval, 2.09–2.93) and 4.59 (95% confidence interval, 3.86–5.44), respectively. The scoring model showed an outstanding discriminatory capacity with a c-statistic of 0.64 (95% confidence interval, 0.63–0.65).
Conclusions
Our results showed that the established scoring system could identify very high-risk populations with colorectal neoplasia. Combining this risk score with current Chinese screening methods may improve the effectiveness of CRC screening and adherence to colonoscopy.
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Hassanlouei B, Ostovar A, Motevalian SA, Ghanbari Motlagh A, Moradi Y, Salehi M, Asadi Lari M. Colorectal Cancer Screening Program Results in Iran. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2022; 36:118. [PMID: 36447540 PMCID: PMC9700411 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.36.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for a large proportion of the global burden of cancer and is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Fecal Immunochemical Testing (FIT) can be used for CRC screening programs due to its high accuracy and compliance. The present study reports the preliminary results of the CRC screening program in Iran among all people aged 50 to 69 years. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 2,669,625 participants referred to health centers in Iran for CRC screening programs in 2018 and 2019. The data required for this study was taken from the CRC screening program. Relevant information for all individuals aged 50 to 69 referred to the health system that was called for colorectal cancer screening was extracted from the Integrated Electronic Health Records (SIB) database. Finally, the standards indices were calculated for all provinces. Gender, history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis), history of colon cancer or adenoma in a first-degree family (father, mother, siblings or children), history of colon cancer in a second-degree family if occurred under the age of fifty (aunt, uncle, grandparents), lower gastrointestinal bleeding in a prior month, constipation in the prior month (with or without diarrhea, abdominal pain and feeling of fullness in the colon after defecation), more than ten percent weight loss in the last six months and FIT were assessed. Results: Among a total number of over 2.6 million, 56.3% were female, and the number of people evaluated by health care providers for CRC screening programs in 2018 and 2019 were 1,365,248 (14.23%) and 1,304,377 (12.89%), respectively. The number of people with positive FIT evaluated for the CRC screening program in 2018 and 2019 was 33,299 (3.09%) and 33,583 (2.57%), respectively. Bushehr province (0.59%) and Isfahan province (7.35%) had the lowest and highest positive FIT rate in 2018, respectively. Also, the correlation between the above-mentioned variables and the number of people with a positive FIT across gender was statistically significant (p<0.05). The study of the relationship between the number of positive FIT cases and the variables examined by Behvarz and community health worker showed that the number of people with a family history of colon cancer in second-degree relatives under the age of 50 and also the number of people with an individual history of inflammatory bowel disease had a significant association with the number of positive FIT cases (p<0.05) (β=-0.718, 95% CI; -2.557-14.992, β=0.388, 95% CI; 0.322-16.737, respectively). The relationship between the number of positive FIT cases and effective variables was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Positive cases should be referred for further evaluation and colonoscopy. Before performing a screening program, the conditions for performing colonoscopy for these people must be assessed and prepared. The FIT for CRC screening program can be easily promoted in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Hassanlouei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Ostovar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Motevalian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbari Motlagh
- Department of Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Masoud Salehi
- Health Management and Economics Research Center and Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Asadi Lari
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Dr Mohsen Asadi Lari,
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Ramos-Vera C, Serpa Barrientos A, Calizaya-Milla YE, Carvajal Guillen C, Saintila J. Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages Associated With Physical Health Status in Adults: Secondary Analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey Data. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319211066205. [PMID: 34991399 PMCID: PMC8744155 DOI: 10.1177/21501319211066205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol consumption constitutes one of the main modifiable risk factors that contribute to the increase in the global burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The objective of this study was to determine the effects of the consumption of alcoholic beverages on the state of physical health and its equivalence according to gender. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) (n = 3865), collected during 2020 were used. Structural equation modeling was applied to assess the fit of the model, which included the prediction of measures of alcohol consumption in physical health and the equivalence of measurements of the proposed structural model in men and women. RESULTS The proposed structural model reported adequate goodness-of-fit indices (SBχ²/gl = 3.817, CFI = 0.984, TLI = 0.968, RMSEA [90% CI] = 0.027 [0.016-0.039]; SRMR = 0.016). Frequent alcohol consumption had a negative effect on physical health (b = -0.13, P < .01). Similarly, occasional alcohol consumption negatively predicted elevated BMI and chronic conditions such as, diabetes, hypertension, CVD, and cancer (b = -0.09, P < .01). In addition, drinking patterns of alcoholic beverages affect physical health in equal ways for men and women. CONCLUSION The findings highlight that frequent and occasional alcohol consumption significantly affected physical health in a negative way. Future interventions could address ways to encourage the adoption of a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risks of chronic conditions derived from excessive alcohol consumption.
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Philibert R, Dawes K, Philibert W, Andersen AM, Hoffman EA. Alcohol Use Intensity Decreases in Response to Successful Smoking Cessation Therapy. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010002. [PMID: 35052343 PMCID: PMC8775089 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Smokers frequently drink heavily. However, the effectiveness of smoking cessation therapy for those with comorbid alcohol abuse is unclear, and the content of smoking cessation programs often does not address comorbid alcohol consumption. In order to achieve a better understanding of the relationship between changes in rate of smoking to the change in intensity of alcohol consumption, and the necessity for alcohol-specific programming for dual users, we quantified cigarette and alcohol consumption in 39 subjects undergoing a 3-month contingency management smoking cessation program using recently developed DNA methylation tools. Intake alcohol consumption, as quantified by the Alcohol T Score (ATS), was highly correlated with cg05575921 smoking intensity (adjusted R2 = 0.49) with 19 of the 39 subjects having ATS scores indicative of Heavy Alcohol Consumption. After 90 days of smoking cessation therapy, ATS values decreased with the change in ATS score being highly correlated with change in cg05575921 smoking intensity (adjusted R2 = 0.60), regardless of whether or not the subject managed to completely quit smoking. We conclude that alcohol consumption significantly decreases in response to successful smoking cessation. Further studies to determine whether targeted therapy focused on comorbid alcohol use increases the success of smoking cessation in those with dual use should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Philibert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (K.D.); (W.P.); (A.M.A.)
- Behavioral Diagnostics LLC, Coralville, IA 52241, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Kelsey Dawes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (K.D.); (W.P.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Willem Philibert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (K.D.); (W.P.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Allan M. Andersen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (K.D.); (W.P.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Eric A. Hoffman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Ghrouz I, El Sharif N. Diet and Genetic Risk Factors of Colorectal Cancer in Palestine: A Case-Control Study. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:2460-2469. [PMID: 34875940 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.2013507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
To add evidence to the limited data available on colorectal cancer (CRC) from Palestine, we examine the risk factors associated with CRC using a matched hospital-based case-control study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 105 cases and 105 controls. A multivariable conditional regression model was used to adjust for the association between study factors and CRC risk. In the model, compared with controls, cases from villages were significantly less likely to have CRC (Adjusted Odds Ratio, AOR = 0.194); taking aspirin lowered the likelihood of CRC by 24%; and having a multiple birth sibling by 33%. Also, the likelihood of CRC was lowered significantly by consuming five servings of fruits/vegetables per week or more (5-6 servings: AOR = 0.21, 7-8 servings per week: AOR = 0.04). However, cases had a significantly higher likelihood of CRC if they consumed 2-4 servings of grilled red meat per week (AOR = 4.25); smoked (AOR = 4.38); had a sedentary lifestyle (AOR = 2.53); reported parental consanguinity (AOR = 3.88); or had a family history of cancer (AOR = 6.39). Our results confirmed the association between CRC and red meat intake and smoking, and proved that parental consanguinity and family history of cancer are also risk factors for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issa Ghrouz
- Faculty of Public Health, Al Quds University, Abu Dis Campus, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Nuha El Sharif
- Faculty of Public Health, Al Quds University, Abu Dis Campus, Jerusalem, Palestine
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Romero-Martínez Á, Lila M, Vitoria-Estruch S, Moya-Albiol L. Can Attention and Working Memory Impairments of Intimate Partner Perpetrators Explain Their Risky Decision Making? JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:NP6492-NP6507. [PMID: 30499368 DOI: 10.1177/0886260518814263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators commonly exhibit deficits in a wide range of cognitive domains, such as attention, memory, and executive functions. Executive dysfunctions tend to be related to a preference for disadvantageous decisions, which could be explained by a pattern of focusing on positive outcomes (gains) while disregarding negative ones. Nonetheless, it is less clear whether risk-taking and decision-making problems should be attributed to motivational and/or emotional causes or to cognitive deficits in attention and/or working memory. The main goal of the present study was to examine whether IPV perpetrators can be distinguished from non-violent controls based on their performance on attention, working memory, and decision-making tests from a computerized battery of tests. In addition, this study investigated the potential relationship between attention and working memory impairments in the decision-making abilities of IPV perpetrators. Our data indicated that IPV perpetrators perform worse than controls on measures of attention and sustained attention, processing speed, working memory, spatial span, and decision making. Moreover, IPV perpetrators' preference for disadvantageous and risky decisions could be partially explained by attention and working memory impairments. Our study has enabled us to explore the cognitive deficits underlying IPV perpetration as key factors in reducing IPV risky decisions. Moreover, it reinforces the need to develop specific neuropsychological training in the attention-switching ability in general and working memory, which could lead to improvements in decision-making processes or other executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Lila
- University of Valencia, Spain
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Jung JM, Lee KH, Kim YJ, Chang SE, Lee MW, Choi JH, Won CH, Lee WJ. Assessment of Overall and Specific Cancer Risks in Patients With Hidradenitis Suppurativa. JAMA Dermatol 2021; 156:844-853. [PMID: 32459291 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Importance Large population-based studies investigating the risks of overall and specific cancers among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are limited. Objective To assess the overall and specific cancer risks in patients with HS compared with the risks in patients without HS in the Republic of Korea. Design, Setting, and Participants A nationwide population-based cohort study, using the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database was conducted over a 2-year period from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2008. Individuals in the control group who were never diagnosed with HS or cancer during the washout period were randomly extracted and matched by age, sex, index year, and insurance type at a case-control ratio of 1:8, and patients with newly diagnosed HS between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2017, were included. Follow-up data on incident cancer from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2018, were included. Main Outcomes and Measures The overall and specific cancer incidence rates were calculated per 100 000 person-years in patients with HS and in the matched control cohort. The risk for cancers was assessed by multivariable Cox regression models in patients with HS compared with the matched control cohort. Results In total, 22 468 patients with HS and 179 734 matched controls were included in the study. The mean (SD) age was 33.63 (17.61) years and 63.7% of the participants in both groups were male. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of overall cancer in patients with HS was 1.28 (95% CI, 1.15-1.42). Patients with HS had significantly higher risk for Hodgkin lymphoma (aHR, 5.08; 95% CI, 1.21-21.36), oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer (aHR, 3.10; 95% CI, 1.60-6.02), central nervous system cancer (aHR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.22-4.70), nonmelanoma skin cancer (HR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.12-3.79), prostate cancer (aHR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.30-3.24), and colorectal cancer (aHR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.09-1.93). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, HS appeared to be associated with a significantly increased risk of overall cancer as well as several specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Min Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keon Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ye-Jee Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Woo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Ho Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zeng J, Gu Y, Fu H, Liu C, Zou Y, Chang H. Association Between One-carbon Metabolism-related Vitamins and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies. Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 20:e469-e480. [PMID: 32241696 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies focusing on the association between 1-carbon metabolism-related vitamins (ie, folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, vitamin B12) and breast cancer risk have reported inconsistent findings. We conducted a systematic search of the reported data and performed a meta-analysis of prospective case-control and cohort studies to derive a more precise evaluation. The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched to identify eligible studies. A total of 27 studies involving 49,707 cases and 1,274,060 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that a high intake of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B2 might decrease the risk of breast cancer. The corresponding pooled relative risks (RRs) for the highest intake compared with the lowest were 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88-0.99; P = .018), 0.94 (95% CI, 0.89-1.00; P = .037) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.82-0.99; P = .026). No significant association between vitamin B12 and breast cancer risk was found (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.94-1.04; P = .604). Further study showed that folate and vitamin B6 might decrease the risk of estrogen receptor-negative (ER-)/progesterone receptor-negative (PR-) breast cancer but not ER+/PR+ breast cancer. The dose-response meta-analysis indicated a significant linearity relationship between folate intake and a reduced risk of ER-/PR- breast cancer. An increment of folate intake (100 μg/d) corresponded to a 7% deceased risk of ER-/PR- breast cancer (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89-0.98; P = .007). In conclusion, a high intake of 1-carbon metabolism-related vitamins might contribute to the prevention of breast cancer, especially ER-/PR- breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Gu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Fu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yixin Zou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Chang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Martínez Ramos VB, Roa Escobar SV, Martínez Montiel Y, Solís Bernardo CC, Ariztizabal Hoyos GP, Carrasco Yépez MM. RIESGO DE CÁNCER DE COLON EN DOCENTES UNIVERSITARIOS DE SALUD Y HUMANIDADES, UN ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO. REVISTA CUIDARTE 2020. [DOI: 10.22201/fesi.23958979e.2020.9.17.72762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
<p><strong>Introducción:</strong> En México, el cáncer de colon ocupa el cuarto lugar de morbi-mortalidad con referencia a otros tipos de cáncer. Los factores de riesgo relacionados a la patología son: dieta hiperlipídica, sedentarismo, estrés, toxicomanías, enfermedades inflamatorias gastrointestinales; entre otros. La identificación de poblaciones expuestas, permite extender los alcances de la prevención primaria contra el cáncer de colon. La presente investigación, tuvo como O<strong>bjetivo:</strong> comparar el nivel de riesgo para desarrollar cáncer de colon en profesores de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala (FES-I), con formación en ciencias de la salud y profesores de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Acatlán (FES-A), dedicados a ciencias sociales y humanidades. <strong>Metodología:</strong> Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, comparativo transversal, con muestra probabilística de 92 académicos de FES-A y 93 de FES-I. Se aplicó un instrumento de 40 ítems, fundamentado en los principales elementos que propician la aparición de cáncer de colon. <strong>Resultados: </strong>el análisis de datos, revela mayor porcentaje de obesidad, alto consumo de alcohol, tabaco y carnes rojas, así como menor conocimiento sobre factores predisponentes a la enfermedad, en docentes de FES-A. <strong>Conclusiones:</strong> los académicos de FES-A presentan más factores de riesgo que los profesores de FES-I. Es necesario difundir conocimiento de calidad sobre ésta patología para concientizar sobre hábitos inadecuados en la dieta, así como el consumo de alimentos protectores dentro de ella, para la prevención de esta neoplasia.</p>
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McNabb S, Harrison TA, Albanes D, Berndt SI, Brenner H, Caan BJ, Campbell PT, Cao Y, Chang-Claude J, Chan A, Chen Z, English DR, Giles GG, Giovannucci EL, Goodman PJ, Hayes RB, Hoffmeister M, Jacobs EJ, Joshi A, Larsson SC, Le Marchand L, Li L, Lin Y, Männistö S, Milne RL, Nan H, Newton CC, Ogino S, Parfrey PS, Petersen PS, Potter JD, Schoen RE, Slattery ML, Su YR, Tangen CM, Tucker TC, Weinstein SJ, White E, Wolk A, Woods MO, Phipps AI, Peters U. Meta-analysis of 16 studies of the association of alcohol with colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:861-873. [PMID: 31037736 PMCID: PMC6819207 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, while studies have consistently reported elevated risk of CRC among heavy drinkers, associations at moderate levels of alcohol consumption are less clear. We conducted a combined analysis of 16 studies of CRC to examine the shape of the alcohol-CRC association, investigate potential effect modifiers of the association, and examine differential effects of alcohol consumption by cancer anatomic site and stage. We collected information on alcohol consumption for 14,276 CRC cases and 15,802 controls from 5 case-control and 11 nested case-control studies of CRC. We compared adjusted logistic regression models with linear and restricted cubic splines to select a model that best fit the association between alcohol consumption and CRC. Study-specific results were pooled using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Compared to non-/occasional drinking (≤1 g/day), light/moderate drinking (up to 2 drinks/day) was associated with a decreased risk of CRC (odds ratio [OR]: 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-0.98, p = 0.005), heavy drinking (2-3 drinks/day) was not significantly associated with CRC risk (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.99-1.24, p = 0.08) and very heavy drinking (more than 3 drinks/day) was associated with a significant increased risk (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.11-1.40, p < 0.001). We observed no evidence of interactions with lifestyle risk factors or of differences by cancer site or stage. These results provide further evidence that there is a J-shaped association between alcohol consumption and CRC risk. This overall pattern was not significantly modified by other CRC risk factors and there was no effect heterogeneity by tumor site or stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah McNabb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
| | - Tabitha A. Harrison
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sonja I. Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bette J. Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Research Program, Oakland, CA
| | - Peter T. Campbell
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, New York, NY
| | - Yin Cao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrew Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Zhengyi Chen
- Center for Community Health Integration, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Dallas R. English
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Center, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Center, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Phyllis J. Goodman
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Richard B. Hayes
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eric J. Jacobs
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, New York, NY
| | - AmitD. Joshi
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Susanna C. Larsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Li Li
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Yi Lin
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Satu Männistö
- Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hongmei Nan
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
- Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Christina C. Newton
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, New York, NY
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Patrick S. Parfrey
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Memorial University Faculty of Medicine, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | | | - John D. Potter
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Robert E. Schoen
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Hermitage, PA
| | - Martha L. Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Yu-Ru Su
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Catherine M. Tangen
- Public Health Sciences Division, Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Thomas C. Tucker
- Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Emily White
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Unity of Orthopedics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael O. Woods
- Discipline of Genetics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Amanda I. Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
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13
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Romero-Martínez Á, Lila M, Moya-Albiol L. Long-Term Drug Misuse Increases the Risk of Cognitive Dysfunctions in Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators: Key Intervention Targets for Reducing Dropout and Reoffending. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3792. [PMID: 31600946 PMCID: PMC6843147 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) is a major public health problem, with an important mortality rate in women across the world. In this regard, it has been well-established that drug misuse explains (at least in part) an increased risk of IPVAW perpetration. Even though alcohol is the most widely studied drug underlying IPVAW, other drugs, such as cannabis and cocaine also seem to be significant indicators of this type of violence. Nonetheless, little is known about mediators, such as cognitive domains that facilitate proneness to violence after drug consumption. Therefore, the primary objective of the present study was to compare drug misuse patterns and cognitive performance in a carefully selected sample of IPVAW perpetrators (n = 63) and a group of non-violent men (control group; n = 39). Second, we also aimed to study the association between different patterns of drug misuse and cognitive performance and several facets of IPVAW perpetration (i.e., severity of injuries and type of aggression). Our results revealed that IPVAW perpetrators showed considerably higher levels of sustained drug misuse (alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and heroin) for years and worse cognitive performance than controls. Moreover, the highest drug misuse sustained over time was related to the worst cognitive performance and the highest IPVAW severity. Finally, alcohol and cocaine seemed to be related to IPVAW and risk of reoffending. Whereas, cannabis, heroin, and MDMA were related to the existence of a previous criminal record (delinquency without violence). Hence, research in this field would help to develop coadjutant treatments and intervention packages to reduce drug misuse in the initial stages, which in turn would reduce cognitive impairments in IPVAW perpetrators. These expected improvements might produce an increase in treatment adherence and a decrease in the risk of future IPVAW reoffending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Romero-Martínez
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco, Ibañez, 21 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Marisol Lila
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco, Ibañez, 21 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Luis Moya-Albiol
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco, Ibañez, 21 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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14
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Romero-Martínez Á, Vitoria-Estruch S, Moya-Albiol L. Emotional and autonomic dysregulation in abstinent alcoholic men: An idiosyncratic profile? Alcohol 2019; 77:155-162. [PMID: 30664984 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Men who misuse alcohol tend to experience negative affect, which may entail difficulties in regulating emotions to cope effectively with stressful or anxiety-provoking situations, thus increasing the risk of alcohol relapse. This dysphoric state has been associated with alexithymia, which compromises an individual's abilities to acknowledge, recognize, and regulate emotional states. A physiological correlate of emotional regulation is autonomic flexibility, as shown by emotional dysregulation in men who misuse alcohol being correlated with reduced parasympathetic activation to control heart rate variability during stress and/or conflict situations. Hence, the main aim of this study was to investigate whether long-term abstinent alcoholic (LTAA) men exhibit higher levels of negative affect and sympathetic activation (cardiovascular and electrodermal) in response to acute standardized laboratory stress than non-alcoholic controls. In addition, we hypothesized that the higher the alexithymic traits, the greater would be the increase in negative affect and sympathetic activation in response to stress, especially in LTAAs. Our data demonstrated that LTAAs experienced slightly greater increases in anxiety, states of anger, and worsening of mood than controls. Moreover, they exhibited lower high-frequency heart rate variability, respiratory sinus arrhythmia values, shorter pre-ejection periods, and higher respiratory rates than controls. Finally, alexithymic traits imply greater worsening of mood and sympathetic predominance (shorter pre-ejection periods and smaller magnitude of response), with the associations being stronger in LTAAs. These findings indicate a different emotional and cardiovascular response to psychosocial stress in LTAA than non-alcoholic men. Improving our knowledge of the way this population reacts to stress may help identify risk factors for alcohol relapse.
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15
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Anderson AS, Caswell S, Mowat C, Strachan JA, Steele RJC. Lifestyle in patients at increased risk of colorectal cancer. J Hum Nutr Diet 2019; 32:570-577. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Anderson
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening Cancer Research Division Ninewells Hospital & Medical School Dundee UK
| | - S. Caswell
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening Cancer Research Division Ninewells Hospital & Medical School Dundee UK
| | - C. Mowat
- Department of Gastroenterology Ninewells Hospital Dundee UK
| | | | - R. J. C. Steele
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening Cancer Research Division Ninewells Hospital & Medical School Dundee UK
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16
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Grevers X, Ruan Y, Poirier AE, Walter SD, Villeneuve PJ, Friedenreich CM, Brenner DR. Estimates of the current and future burden of cancer attributable to alcohol consumption in Canada. Prev Med 2019; 122:40-48. [PMID: 31078172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is associated with elevated risk of oropharyngeal, laryngeal, esophageal, colon, rectal, breast, liver, pancreatic and stomach cancers. The purpose of this analysis was to provide national and provincial estimates of the number and proportion of cancers attributable to alcohol consumption in Canada and to project the numbers of potentially avoidable cancers using possible intervention scenarios. We estimated the population attributable risk (PAR) for cancers associated with alcohol consumption levels (drinks/day) using: i) relative risks obtained from the World Cancer Research Fund/(WCRF) reports or meta-analyses, ii) alcohol consumption (prevalence) data from the 2003 Canadian Community Health Survey, and iii) cancer incidence data from the 2015 Canadian Cancer Registry. We used potential impact fractions (PIFs) to estimate the future avoidable cancer burden under four counterfactual scenarios: (1) lowering alcohol consumption to meet the WCRF low risk guidelines, (2) meeting the Canada's Low-Risk Drinking Guidelines, (3) reducing daily intake by one drink/day, and (4) decreasing consumption to 50% of the 2003 levels by 2032. We estimated that 3282 incident cancer cases (5.2% of alcohol-associated cancers and 1.8% of all cancers) diagnosed in Canada in 2015 were attributable to alcohol consumption. At the current consumption levels, alcohol-attributable cancers are expected to increase to 10,122 (8.8% of cases among alcohol-associated cancers) by 2042. Under the best case scenario, reducing alcohol consumption to 50% of 2003 levels by 2032, could prevent 70,261 cases by 2042. Strategies that effectively reduce alcohol consumption at a population level can have a meaningful impact on reducing the cancer burden in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Grevers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yibing Ruan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abbey E Poirier
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephen D Walter
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul J Villeneuve
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Darren R Brenner
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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17
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Narayan T, Kumar S, Kumar S, Augustine S, Yadav BK, Malhotra BD. Protein functionalised self assembled monolayer based biosensor for colon cancer detection. Talanta 2019; 201:465-473. [PMID: 31122452 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report results of the studies relating to the fabrication of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based label-free immunosensor for real-time monitoring of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a colon cancer biomarker. A gold disk modified with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11-MUA) was functionalised via covalent immobilization of monoclonal anti-ET-1 antibodies using EDC-NHS (1-(3-(dimethylamine)-propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, N-hydroxy succinimide) chemistry. This immunosensing platform (ethanolamine/anti-ET-1/11-MUA/Au) was characterized via atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact angle (CA) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic techniques. The fabricated SPR electrode was further used to detect ET-1 in the broad concentration range 2-100 pg mL-1, with a detection limit of 0.30 pg mL-1 and remarkable sensitivity of 2.18 mo pg-1mL. The adsorption mechanism was studied using monophasic model and the values of association (ka) and dissociation (kd) constants for anti-ET-1 and ET-1 binding were calculated to be 4.4 ± 0.4 × 105 M-1 s-1 and 2.04 ± 0.0003 × 10-3 s-1, respectively. The results obtained via analysis of serum samples of colorectal cancer patients were found to be in good agreement with those obtained from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Further, electrochemical studies were performed to prove the efficacy of the fabricated platform as a point of care device for the detection of ET-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Narayan
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India; Centre for Nano Science and Engineering (CeNSE), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | - Suveen Kumar
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India; Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Shine Augustine
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - B K Yadav
- Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, 110085, India; National Liver Disease Biobank, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, 110070 India
| | - Bansi D Malhotra
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India.
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18
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Park SY, Wilkens LR, Setiawan VW, Monroe KR, Haiman CA, Le Marchand L. Alcohol Intake and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the Multiethnic Cohort Study. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:67-76. [PMID: 30239578 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwy208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the association of alcohol intake with colorectal cancer risk according to race/ethnicity as well as sex, lifestyle-related factors, alcoholic beverage type, and anatomical subsite, we analyzed data from 190,698 black, Native Hawaiian, Japanese-American, Latino, and white persons in Hawaii and California in the Multiethnic Cohort Study, with 4,923 incident cases during a 16.7-year follow-up period (1993-2013). In multivariate Cox regression models, the hazard ratio was 1.16 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.34) for 15.0-29.9 g/day of alcohol and 1.28 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.45) for ≥30.0 g/day among men, and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.32) and 1.15 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.43), respectively, among women, compared with nondrinkers (P for heterogeneity according to sex = 0.74). An increased risk was apparent among Native Hawaiians, Japanese Americans, Latinos, and white persons and among individuals with body mass index <25.0 (calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)2), never-users of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, and those with lower intake of dietary fiber and folate. Beer and wine, but not liquor, consumption was positively related to colorectal cancer risk. The association was stronger for rectum and left-colon tumors than for right-colon tumors. Our findings suggest that the positive association between alcohol and colorectal cancer varies according to race/ethnicity, lifestyle factors, alcoholic beverage type, and anatomical subsite of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yi Park
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Veronica Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kristine R Monroe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
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19
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Vitoria-Estruch S, Romero-Martínez Á, Lila M, Moya-Albiol L. Could Alcohol Abuse Drive Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators' Psychophysiological Response to Acute Stress? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122729. [PMID: 30513964 PMCID: PMC6313658 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Proactively aggressive individuals have been shown to present a different pattern of autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation from that of individuals characterized by reactive violence. Although attempts have been made to classify intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators based on ANS reactivity to acute stress, subsequent studies have failed to replicate this classification. Notably, the proposed classification neglected the role of chronic alcohol abuse in ANS dysregulation and the fact that this dysregulation entails an abnormal stress response. The aim of the present study was to analyze the response profile (psychological state and ANS response) of groups of IPV perpetrators with high (n = 27) and low (n = 33)-risk alcohol use to an acute stressor, compared to controls (n = 35). All IPV perpetrators scored higher on executive dysfunctions and impulsivity and showed larger decreases in positive affect, less satisfaction, and a higher external locus of control after the stressor than controls. IPV perpetrators with low-risk alcohol use had higher skin conductance levels and breathing reactivity than controls, especially during preparatory, task, and recovery periods. This information could help to develop methods for increasing batterers’ behavioral self-regulation, thus decreasing IPV recidivism risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marisol Lila
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Luis Moya-Albiol
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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20
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Gao B, Li S, Tan Z, Ma L, Liu J. ACTG1 and TLR3 are biomarkers for alcohol-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1714-1722. [PMID: 30675230 PMCID: PMC6341811 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the association between alcohol and HCC remains unknown. The present study aimed to identify key genes related to alcohol-associated HCC to improve the current understanding of the pathology of this disease. Alcohol-associated and non-alcohol-associated HCC samples in the GSE50579 dataset of the Gene Omnibus Database were analyzed to investigate altered gene expression. Integrated bioinformatics methods were employed to clarify the biological functions of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and protein-protein interactions (PPIs). The present study reported that candidate biomarker micro (mi)RNAs via TargetScan Human 7.1. DEGs and their associated miRNAs (according to bioinformatics analysis) were validated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Additionally, 284 EGs from the GSE50579 dataset were revealed. In GO term analysis, DEGs were closely associated with the ‘regulation of nucleic acid metabolism’. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the DEGs were tightly engaged in the ‘VEGF and VEGF receptor signaling network’, ‘proteoglycan syndecan-mediated signaling events’, ‘erbB receptor signaling’ and ‘β1 integrin cell surface interactions’. According to the results of PPI and heat map analysis, the main hub genes were centrin 3 (CETN3), Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), receptor tyrosine-protein kinase (ERBB4), heat shock protein family member 8, actin γ1 (ACTG1) and α-smooth muscle actin. it was demonstrated that the ACTG1, TLR3, miR-6819-3p and miRΝΑ (miR)-6877-3P had undefined associations. Furthermore, RT-qPCR analysis revealed that miR-6819-3p and miR-6877-3P may enhance the expression levels of ACTG1 and inhibit the expression levels of TLR3 in alcohol-associated HCC tissues. TLR3 and ACTG1 were proposed as potential biomarkers of alcohol-associated HCC. Investigation into the regulatory functions of miR-6819-3p and miR-6877-3P may provide novel insights into the treatment of alcohol-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China.,School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Shicheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Leina Ma
- Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China.,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
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21
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Baucom R, Wells K. Cancer prevention in hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes: Chemoprevention and lifestyle changes. SEMINARS IN COLON AND RECTAL SURGERY 2018. [DOI: 10.1053/j.scrs.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Vitoria-Estruch S, Romero-Martínez A, Lila M, Moya-Albiol L. Differential cognitive profiles of intimate partner violence perpetrators based on alcohol consumption. Alcohol 2018; 70:61-71. [PMID: 29800781 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive evidence of heterogeneity in intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrator profiles, there has been little research into neuropsychological deficits that might help us understand differences within this violent population. Moreover, studies on this topic have not paid much attention to the role of alcohol abuse in neuropsychological domains of IPV perpetrators. Hence, the current study was designed to examine neuropsychological differences among individuals who have committed domestic violence with high (n = 28, HA) and low (n = 35, LA) levels of alcohol consumption, and non-violent individuals (n = 37) to establish differential neuropsychological profiles. An exhaustive neuropsychological assessment battery was employed which combined the computer-based Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery with pencil-and-paper measures. Compared to controls, HA IPV perpetrators had slower processing speed and significantly more impairments in attentional set-shifting or switch attention, working and long-term memory, cognitive flexibility, planning, decision-making, emotion decoding skills, and perspective taking. Furthermore, there were differences between IPV perpetrator subgroups in attentional set-shifting or switch attention and cognitive empathy, with HA IPV perpetrators displaying more severe impairments in both cognitive domains than LA IPV perpetrators. Finally, the LA IPV perpetrators had significantly more impairments in working and long-term memory, executive functioning, and emotion decoding skills than controls, but they did not differ in processing speed, attentional set-shifting or switch attention, decision making, or perspective taking. Thus, the current findings suggest that IPV perpetrators with neuropsychological difficulties, especially those who are heavy drinkers, may have the greatest need for cognitive interventions. These cognitive deficits could be employed as targets for developing specific cognitive rehabilitation programs adjuvant to psychotherapeutic intervention for IPV perpetrators.
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JIANG X, LI L, TANG H, CHEN T. [Multiple risk factors prediction models for high risk population of colorectal cancer]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018; 47:194-200. [PMID: 30226316 PMCID: PMC10393682 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2018.04.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is caused by the interaction of genetic and environment factors. Domestic and foreign scholars have attempted to develop several colorectal cancer risk prediction models, in order to identity risk factors, to screen for high risk population and evaluate the risk of developing colorectal cancer, so as to provide personalized screening protocols for individuals with different risk, and eventually reduce the incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer. Currently, the common colorectal cancer risk prediction models were mainly developed based on case-control study and cohort study. Models developed in European and American regions and Asia (excluding China) only include common risk factors, while Chinese models also include hereditary factors on the bases of common risk factors. However, the development and verification of each model are mainly based on local population, whether it can be applied for other population need to be determined. This article reviews the development, validation and evaluation of the risk prediction models, in order to provide a basis for developing more precise risk prediction models for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tianhui CHEN
- 陈天辉(1975-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 硕士生导师, 主要从事肿瘤流行病学研究; E-mail:
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4677-0361
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Vieira AR, Abar L, Chan DSM, Vingeliene S, Polemiti E, Stevens C, Greenwood D, Norat T. Foods and beverages and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies, an update of the evidence of the WCRF-AICR Continuous Update Project. Ann Oncol 2018; 28:1788-1802. [PMID: 28407090 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective As part of the World Cancer Research Fund International Continuous Update Project, we updated the systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies to quantify the dose-response between foods and beverages intake and colorectal cancer risk. Data sources PubMed and several databases up to 31 May 2015. Study selection Prospective studies reporting adjusted relative risk estimates for the association of specific food groups and beverages and risk of colorectal, colon and rectal cancer. Data synthesis Dose-response meta-analyses using random effect models to estimate summary relative risks (RRs). Results About 400 individual study estimates from 111 unique cohort studies were included. Overall, the risk increase of colorectal cancer is 12% for each 100 g/day increase of red and processed meat intake (95% CI = 4-21%, I2=70%, pheterogeneity (ph)<0.01) and 7% for 10 g/day increase of ethanol intake in alcoholic drinks (95% CI = 5-9%, I2=25%, ph = 0.21). Colorectal cancer risk decrease in 17% for each 90g/day increase of whole grains (95% CI = 11-21%, I2 = 0%, ph = 0.30, 6 studies) and 13% for each 400 g/day increase of dairy products intake (95% CI = 10-17%, I2 = 18%, ph = 0.27, 10 studies). Inverse associations were also observed for vegetables intake (RR per 100 g/day =0.98 (95% CI = 0.96-0.99, I2=0%, ph = 0.48, 11 studies) and for fish intake (RR for 100 g/day = 0.89 (95% CI = 0.80-0.99, I2=0%, ph = 0.52, 11 studies), that were weak for vegetables and driven by one study for fish. Intakes of fruits, coffee, tea, cheese, poultry and legumes were not associated with colorectal cancer risk. Conclusions Our results reinforce the evidence that high intake of red and processed meat and alcohol increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Milk and whole grains may have a protective role against colorectal cancer. The evidence for vegetables and fish was less convincing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Vieira
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London
| | - L Abar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London
| | - D S M Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London
| | - S Vingeliene
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London
| | - E Polemiti
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London
| | - C Stevens
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London
| | - D Greenwood
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - T Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London
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Michels KA, Pfeiffer RM, Brinton LA, Trabert B. Modification of the Associations Between Duration of Oral Contraceptive Use and Ovarian, Endometrial, Breast, and Colorectal Cancers. JAMA Oncol 2018; 4:516-521. [PMID: 29346467 PMCID: PMC5885214 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.4942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although oral contraceptive (OC) use is common, the influence of OC use on carcinogenesis is not fully understood. A recent Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality report identified a need to understand the consistency of OC use and cancer associations across subpopulations, including smokers and obese women. OBJECTIVE To determine whether associations between duration of OC use and risk of specific cancers were modified by lifestyle characteristics. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The prospective NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study (enrolled 1995-1996, followed until 2011), with population-based recruitment of AARP members in 6 states and 2 metropolitan areas. All analyses included at least 100 000 women who reported OC use at enrollment. We identified 1241 ovarian, 2337 endometrial, 11 114 breast, and 3507 colorectal cancer cases during follow-up. Data analysis was performed between September 2016 and April 2017. EXPOSURES Duration of OC use (never or <1 year [reference], 1-4, 5-9, or ≥10 years). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Development of ovarian, endometrial, breast, and colorectal cancers. We examined effect modification by modifiable lifestyle characteristics: cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity. We used Cox models adjusted for age, race, age at menarche, and the modifiers of interest. RESULTS The analytic population was aged 50 to 71 years (median, 62 years) at enrollment and largely white (91%) and postmenopausal (96%). For ovarian cancer, OC use-associated risk reductions strengthened with duration of use (long-term OC use [≥10 years] HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.47-0.76; P < .001 for trend) and were similar across modifiable lifestyle factors. Risk reductions for endometrial cancer strengthened with duration of use (long-term OC use HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.56-0.78; P < .001 for trend); the most pronounced reductions were among long-term OC users who were smokers (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.25-0.88), had obese BMIs (0.36; 95% CI, 0.25-0.52), and who exercised rarely (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.29-0.56). Associations between OC use and breast and colorectal cancers were predominantly null. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Long-term OC use is consistently associated with reduced ovarian cancer risk across lifestyle factors. We observed the greatest risk reductions for endometrial cancer among women at risk for chronic diseases (ie, smokers, obese BMI). Oral contraceptive use may be beneficial for chemoprevention for a range of women with differing baseline cancer risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara A. Michels
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ruth M. Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Louise A. Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Britton Trabert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Anderson AS, Dunlop J, Gallant S, Macleod M, Miedzybrodzka Z, Mutrie N, O'Carroll RE, Stead M, Steele RJC, Taylor RS, Vinnicombe S, Berg J. Feasibility study to assess the impact of a lifestyle intervention ('LivingWELL') in people having an assessment of their family history of colorectal or breast cancer. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019410. [PMID: 29391383 PMCID: PMC5879797 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility of delivering and evaluating a weight management (WM) programme for overweight patients with a family history (FH) of breast cancer (BC) or colorectal cancer (CRC). STUDY DESIGN A two-arm (intervention vs usual care) randomised controlled trial. SETTING National Health Service (NHS) Tayside and NHS Grampian. PARTICIPANTS People with a FH of BC or CRC aged≥18 years and body mass index of ≥25 kg/m2 referred to NHS genetic services. INTERVENTION Participants were randomised to a control (lifestyle booklet) or 12-week intervention arm where they were given one face-to-face counselling session, four telephone consultations and web-based support. A goal of 5% reduction in body weight was set, and a personalised diet and physical activity (PA) programme was provided. Behavioural change techniques (motivational interviewing, action and coping plans and implementation intentions) were used. PRIMARY OUTCOME Feasibility measures: recruitment, programme implementation, fidelity measures, achieved measurements and retention, participant satisfaction assessed by questionnaire and qualitative interviews. SECONDARY OUTCOMES Measured changes in weight and PA and reported diet and psychosocial measures between baseline and 12-week follow-up. RESULTS Of 480 patients approached, 196 (41%) expressed interest in the study, and of those, 78 (40%) patients were randomised. Implementation of the programme was challenging within the time allotted and fidelity to the intervention modest (62%). Qualitative findings indicated the programme was well received. Questionnaires and anthropometric data were completed by >98%. Accelerometer data were attained by 84% and 54% at baseline and follow-up, respectively. Retention at 12 weeks was 76%. Overall, 36% of the intervention group (vs 0% in control) achieved 5% weight loss. Favourable increases in PA and reduction in dietary fat were also reported. CONCLUSIONS A lifestyle programme for people with a family history of cancer is feasible to conduct and acceptable to participants, and indicative results suggest favourable outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN13123470; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie S Anderson
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening / Tayside Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Jacqueline Dunlop
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Stephanie Gallant
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening / Tayside Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Maureen Macleod
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening / Tayside Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Nanette Mutrie
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ronan E O'Carroll
- Division of Psychology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Martine Stead
- Institute for Social Marketing, Institute for Social Marketing, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Robert J C Steele
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening / Tayside Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Rod S Taylor
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Sarah Vinnicombe
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening / Tayside Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Jonathan Berg
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
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Rossi M, Jahanzaib Anwar M, Usman A, Keshavarzian A, Bishehsari F. Colorectal Cancer and Alcohol Consumption-Populations to Molecules. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E38. [PMID: 29385712 PMCID: PMC5836070 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, being the third most common cancer diagnosed in both men and women in the world. Several environmental and habitual factors have been associated with the CRC risk. Alcohol intake, a common and rising habit of modern society, is one of the major risk factors for development of CRC. Here, we will summarize the evidence linking alcohol with colon carcinogenesis and possible underlying mechanisms. Some epidemiologic studies suggest that even moderate drinking increases the CRC risk. Metabolism of alcohol involves ethanol conversion to its metabolites that could exert carcinogenic effects in the colon. Production of ethanol metabolites can be affected by the colon microbiota, another recently recognized mediating factor to colon carcinogenesis. The generation of acetaldehyde and alcohol's other metabolites leads to activation of cancer promoting cascades, such as DNA-adduct formation, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, epigenetic alterations, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune modulatory effects. Not only does alcohol induce its toxic effect through carcinogenic metabolites, but alcoholics themselves are predisposed to a poor diet, low in folate and fiber, and circadian disruption, which could further augment alcohol-induced colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rossi
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Muhammad Jahanzaib Anwar
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Ahmad Usman
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Faraz Bishehsari
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Fardet A, Druesne-Pecollo N, Touvier M, Latino-Martel P. Do alcoholic beverages, obesity and other nutritional factors modify the risk of familial colorectal cancer? A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 119:94-112. [PMID: 28927785 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Individuals with family history of colorectal cancer are at higher risk of colorectal cancer than the general population. Until now, guidelines for familial colorectal cancer risk have only pointed at early diagnosis efforts via screening tests and surveillance, and payed scarce or no attention to lowering exposure to modifiable risk factors, notably nutritional factors. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of epidemiological studies investigating the associations between nutritional factors, family history of colorectal cancer, and colorectal cancer risk. From the 5312 abstracts identified until December 2016, 184 full text articles were examined for eligibility. Finally, 31 articles (21 from case-control studies, 9 from cohort studies and 1 from an intervention study) met inclusion criteria and were analyzed. RESULTS Mainly, the combinations of family history of colorectal cancer and higher consumptions of alcoholic beverages, red or processed meat, or overweight/obesity increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Consistently, a strong increase is observed with the combinations of family history of colorectal cancer and unhealthy dietary patterns/lifestyles. Statistically significant interactions between these nutritional factors, family history of colorectal cancer and colorectal cancer risk are reported. Other data are inconclusive and additional prospective studies are needed. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, our findings highlight that addressing high consumption of alcoholic beverages, red or processed meat, and overweight/obesity, and more largely the exposure to multiple unhealthy dietary/nutritional behaviors could offer new perspectives of prevention to individuals with family history of colorectal cancer. A better information of these patients and of health professionals on these nutritional modifiable risk factors is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Fardet
- INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand & Clermont University, University of Auvergne, Human Nutrition Unit, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nathalie Druesne-Pecollo
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre (CRESS), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Bobigny, France; French Network for Nutrition and Cancer Research (NACRe Network), France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre (CRESS), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Bobigny, France; French Network for Nutrition and Cancer Research (NACRe Network), France
| | - Paule Latino-Martel
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Epidemiology and Statistics Research Centre (CRESS), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Bobigny, France; French Network for Nutrition and Cancer Research (NACRe Network), France.
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Kim HJ, Jung S, Eliassen AH, Chen WY, Willett WC, Cho E. Alcohol Consumption and Breast Cancer Risk in Younger Women According to Family History of Breast Cancer and Folate Intake. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 186:524-531. [PMID: 28520842 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the association between alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk in younger women, overall and by family history of breast cancer and folate intake, we prospectively followed 93,835 US women aged 27-44 years in Nurses' Health Study II who had alcohol consumption data in 1991. Alcohol consumption and folate intake were measured by food frequency questionnaire every 4 years. We documented 2,866 incident cases of invasive breast cancer between 1991 and 2011. Alcohol consumption was not associated with breast cancer risk overall (for intake of ≥10 g/day vs. nondrinking, multivariate hazard ratio = 1.07, 95% confidence interval: 0.94, 1.22). When the association was stratified by family history and folate intake, a positive association between alcohol consumption and breast cancer was found among women with a family history and folate intake less than 400 μg/day (multivariate hazard ratio = 1.82, 95% confidence interval: 1.06, 3.12; P-trend = 0.08). Alcohol consumption was not associated with breast cancer in other categories of family history and folate intake (P-interaction = 0.55). In conclusion, in this population of younger women, higher alcohol consumption was associated with increased risk of breast cancer among those with both a family history of breast cancer and lower folate intake.
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Shang HS, Liu JY, Lu HF, Chiang HS, Lin CH, Chen A, Lin YF, Chung JG. Casticin induced apoptotic cell death and altered associated gene expression in human colon cancer colo 205 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2041-2052. [PMID: 27862857 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Casticin, a polymethoxyflavone, derived from natural plant Fructus Viticis exhibits biological activities including anti-cancer characteristics. The anti-cancer and alter gene expression of casticin on human colon cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Flow cytometric assay was used to measure viable cell, cell cycle and sub-G1 phase, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ productions, level of mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm ) and caspase activity. Western blotting assay was used to detect expression of protein level associated with cell death. Casticin induced cell morphological changes, decreased cell viability and induced G2/M phase arrest in colo 205 cells. Casticin increased ROS production but decreased the levels of ΔΨm , and Ca2+ , increased caspase-3, -8, and -9 activities. The cDNA microarray indicated that some of the cell cycle associated genes were down-regulated such as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) (p21, Cip1) and p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 3 (PAK3). TNF receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1), CREB1 (cAMP responsive element binding protein 1) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) (p27, Kip1) genes were increased but matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP-2), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), PRKAR2B (protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, bet), and CaMK4 (calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV) genes were inhibited. Results suggest that casticin induced cell apoptosis via the activation of the caspase- and/or mitochondria-dependent signaling cascade, the accumulation of ROS and altered associated gene expressions in colo 205 human colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Sheng Shang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Liu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Feng Lu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Restaurant, Hotel and Institutional Management, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Han-Sun Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hain Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ann Chen
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Troeung L, Sodhi-Berry N, Martini A, Malacova E, Ee H, O'Leary P, Lansdorp-Vogelaar I, Preen DB. Increasing Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults Aged 15-39 Years in Western Australia 1982-2007: Examination of Colonoscopy History. Front Public Health 2017; 5:179. [PMID: 28791283 PMCID: PMC5522835 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To examine trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and colonoscopy history in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15–39 years in Western Australia (WA) from 1982 to 2007. Design Descriptive cohort study using population-based linked hospital and cancer registry data. Method Five-year age-standardized and age-specific incidence rates of CRC were calculated for all AYAs and by sex. Temporal trends in CRC incidence were investigated using Joinpoint regression analysis. The annual percentage change (APC) in CRC incidence was calculated to identify significant time trends. Colonoscopy history relative to incident CRC diagnosis was examined and age and tumor grade at diagnosis compared for AYAs with and without pre-diagnosis colonoscopy. CRC-related mortality within 5 and 10 years of incident diagnosis were compared for AYAs with and without pre-diagnosis colonoscopy using mortality rate ratios (MRRs) derived from negative binomial regression. Results Age-standardized CRC incidence among AYAs significantly increased in WA between 1982 and 2007, APC = 3.0 (95% CI 0.7–5.5). Pre-diagnosis colonoscopy was uncommon among AYAs (6.0%, 33/483) and 71% of AYAs were diagnosed after index (first ever) colonoscopy. AYAs with pre-diagnosis colonoscopy were older at CRC diagnosis (mean 36.7 ± 0.7 years) compared to those with no prior colonoscopy (32.6 ± 0.2 years), p < 0.001. At CRC diagnosis, a significantly greater proportion of AYAs with pre-diagnosis colonoscopy had well-differentiated tumors (21.2%) compared to those without (5.6%), p = 0.001. CRC-related mortality was significantly lower for AYAs with pre-diagnosis colonoscopy compared to those without, for both 5-year [MRR = 0.44 (95% CI 0.27–0.75), p = 0.045] and 10-year morality [MRR = 0.43 (95% CI 0.24–0.83), p = 0.043]. Conclusion CRC incidence among AYAs in WA has significantly increased over the 25-year study period. Pre-diagnosis colonoscopy is associated with lower tumor grade at CRC diagnosis as well as significant reduction in both 5- and 10-year CRC-related mortality rates. These findings warrant further research into the balance in benefits and harms of targeted screening for AYA at highest risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakkhina Troeung
- Centre for Health Services Research, School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nita Sodhi-Berry
- Centre for Health Services Research, School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Occupational Respiratory Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Angelita Martini
- Centre for Health Services Research, School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Eva Malacova
- Centre for Health Services Research, School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Health, Safety and Environment, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Hooi Ee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Peter O'Leary
- Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - David B Preen
- Centre for Health Services Research, School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Anderson AS, Caswell S, Macleod M, Steele RJ, Berg J, Dunlop J, Stead M, Eadie D, O'Carroll RE. Health Behaviors and their Relationship with Disease Control in People Attending Genetic Clinics with a Family History of Breast or Colorectal Cancer. J Genet Couns 2017; 26:40-51. [PMID: 27312973 PMCID: PMC5258810 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-016-9977-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The current work aimed to assess health behaviors, perceived risk and control over breast/colorectal cancer risk and views on lifestyle advice amongst attendees at cancer family history clinics. Participants attending the East of Scotland Genetics Service were invited to complete a questionnaire (demographic data, weight and height, health behaviors and psycho-social measures of risk and perceived control) and to participate in an in-depth interview. The questionnaire was completed by 237 (49 %) of attendees, ranging from 18 to 77 years (mean age 46 (±10) years). Reported smoking rates (11 %) were modest, most (54 %) had a BMI > 25 kg/m2, 55 % had low levels of physical activity, 58 % reported inappropriate alcohol intakes and 90 % had fiber intakes indicative of a low plant diet. Regression analysis indicated that belief in health professional control was associated with higher, and belief in fatalism with poorer health behavior. Qualitative findings highlighted doubts about the link between lifestyle and cancer, and few were familiar with the current evidence. Whilst lifestyle advice was considered interesting in general there was little appetite for non-tailored guidance. In conclusion, current health behaviors are incongruent with cancer risk reduction guidance amongst patients who have actively sought advice on disease risk. There are some indications that lifestyle advice would be welcomed but endorsement requires a sensitive and flexible approach, and the acceptability of lifestyle interventions remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie S Anderson
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Mailbox 7, Level 7, Ninewells Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
| | - Stephen Caswell
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Mailbox 7, Level 7, Ninewells Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Maureen Macleod
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Mailbox 7, Level 7, Ninewells Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Robert Jc Steele
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Mailbox 7, Level 7, Ninewells Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Jonathan Berg
- East of Scotland Genetics Service, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Jacqueline Dunlop
- East of Scotland Genetics Service, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Martine Stead
- Institute for Social Marketing, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Douglas Eadie
- Institute for Social Marketing, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Ronan E O'Carroll
- Division of Psychology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
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Scoccianti C, Cecchini M, Anderson AS, Berrino F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Espina C, Key TJ, Leitzmann M, Norat T, Powers H, Wiseman M, Romieu I. European Code against Cancer 4th Edition: Alcohol drinking and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol 2016; 45:181-188. [PMID: 27816465 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is the third leading risk factor for disease and mortality in Europe. As evaluated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs, a causal relationship is established for consumption of alcoholic beverages and cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, oesophagus, liver, colorectum and female breast, even at low and moderate alcohol intakes. The higher the amount of alcohol consumed, the higher the risk of developing cancer. In Europe, an estimated 10% (95% CI: 7%-13%) of all cancer cases in men and 3% (95% CI: 1%-5%) of all cancer cases in women are attributable to alcohol consumption. Several biological mechanisms explain the carcinogenicity of alcohol; among them, ethanol and its genotoxic metabolite, acetaldehyde, play a major role. Taking all this evidence into account, a recommendation of the 4th edition of European Code against Cancer is: "If you drink alcohol of any type, limit your intake. Not drinking alcohol is better for cancer prevention."
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Scoccianti
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Michele Cecchini
- Health Policy Analyst OECD, 2 rue André Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France
| | - Annie S Anderson
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention & Screening, Level 7, Mailbox 7, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Franco Berrino
- Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 1 via Venezian, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Carolina Espina
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Teresa Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary Powers
- Human Nutrition Unit, The Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Wiseman
- World Cancer Research Fund International, Second Floor, 22 Bedford Square, London WC1 B 3HH, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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Strate LL, Singh P, Boylan MR, Piawah S, Cao Y, Chan AT. A Prospective Study of Alcohol Consumption and Smoking and the Risk of Major Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Men. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165278. [PMID: 27824864 PMCID: PMC5100927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Data regarding smoking and alcohol consumption and risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) are sparse and conflicting. We assessed the risk of major GIB associated with smoking and alcohol consumption in a large, prospective cohort. Methods We prospectively studied 48,000 men in the Health Professional follow-up Study (HPFS) who were aged 40–75 years at baseline in 1986. We identified men with major GIB requiring hospitalization and/or blood transfusion via biennial questionnaires and chart review. Results We documented 305 episodes of major GIB during 26 years of follow-up. Men who consumed >30 g/day of alcohol had a multivariable relative risk (RR) of 1.43 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88–2.35; P for trend 0.006) for major GIB when compared with nondrinkers. Alcohol consumption appeared to be primarily related to upper GIB (multivariable RR for >30 g/day vs. nondrinkers was 1.35; 95% CI, 0.66–2.77; P for trend 0.02). Men who consumed ≥ 5 drinks/week vs. < 1 drink/month of liquor had a multivariable RR of 1.72 (95% CI, 1.26–2.35, P for trend <0.001). Wine and beer were not significantly associated with major GIB. The risk of GIB associated with NSAIDs/aspirin use increased with greater alcohol consumption (multivariable RR 1.37; 95% CI, 0.85–2.19 for 1-14g/day of alcohol, RR 1.75; 95% CI, 1.07–2.88 for ≥ 15g/day compared to nondrinkers). Smoking was not significantly associated with GIB. Conclusions Alcohol consumption, but not smoking, was associated with an increased risk of major GIB. Associations were most notable for upper GIB associated with liquor intake. Alcohol appeared to potentiate the risk of NSAID-associated GIB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L. Strate
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Matthew R. Boylan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sorbarikor Piawah
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yin Cao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mostofsky E, Mukamal KJ, Giovannucci EL, Stampfer MJ, Rimm EB. Key Findings on Alcohol Consumption and a Variety of Health Outcomes From the Nurses' Health Study. Am J Public Health 2016; 106:1586-91. [PMID: 27459455 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2016.303336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review critical contributions from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) on alcohol consumption and health outcomes. METHODS We performed a narrative review of NHS (1980-2012) and NHS II (1989-2011) publications. RESULTS Using detailed information on self-reported alcohol drinking patterns obtained approximately every 4 years combined with extensive information on diet, lifestyle habits, and physician-diagnosed health conditions, NHS investigators have prospectively examined the risks and benefits associated with alcohol consumption. Moderate intake, defined as up to 1 drink a day, is associated with a lower risk of hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, sudden cardiac death, gallstones, cognitive decline, and all-cause mortality. However, even moderate intake places women at higher risk for breast cancer and bone fractures, and higher intake increases risk for colon polyps and colon cancer. CONCLUSIONS Regular alcohol intake has both risks and benefits. In analyses using repeated assessments of alcohol over time and deaths from all causes, women with low to moderate intake and regular frequency (> 3 days/week) had the lowest risk of mortality compared with abstainers and women who consumed substantially more than 1 drink per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Mostofsky
- Elizabeth Mostofsky is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, and the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA. Kenneth J. Mukamal is with the Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Kenneth J. Mukamal is also with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. Ed L. Giovannucci, Meir J. Stampfer, and Eric B. Rimm are with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health and the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston
| | - Kenneth J Mukamal
- Elizabeth Mostofsky is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, and the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA. Kenneth J. Mukamal is with the Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Kenneth J. Mukamal is also with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. Ed L. Giovannucci, Meir J. Stampfer, and Eric B. Rimm are with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health and the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston
| | - Ed L Giovannucci
- Elizabeth Mostofsky is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, and the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA. Kenneth J. Mukamal is with the Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Kenneth J. Mukamal is also with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. Ed L. Giovannucci, Meir J. Stampfer, and Eric B. Rimm are with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health and the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Elizabeth Mostofsky is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, and the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA. Kenneth J. Mukamal is with the Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Kenneth J. Mukamal is also with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. Ed L. Giovannucci, Meir J. Stampfer, and Eric B. Rimm are with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health and the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Elizabeth Mostofsky is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, and the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA. Kenneth J. Mukamal is with the Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Kenneth J. Mukamal is also with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. Ed L. Giovannucci, Meir J. Stampfer, and Eric B. Rimm are with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health and the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston
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Grundy A, Poirier AE, Khandwala F, McFadden A, Friedenreich CM, Brenner DR. Cancer incidence attributable to alcohol consumption in Alberta in 2012. CMAJ Open 2016; 4:E507-E514. [PMID: 28443264 PMCID: PMC5396451 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20160070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption has been associated with risk of oral cavity/pharyngeal, laryngeal, esophageal, liver, colorectal and breast cancers. The purpose of this study was to estimate the proportion and total number of these cancers in Alberta in 2012 attributable to alcohol consumption. METHODS We estimated cancers attributable to alcohol consumption in adults in Alberta using population attributable risk calculations. Relative risks were obtained from recent meta-analyses, and alcohol consumption in Alberta was quantified with the use of data from the Canadian Community Health Survey. We obtained age-, site- and sex-specific cancer incidence data for 2012 from the Alberta Cancer Registry. The impact of potential underestimation of alcohol consumption in Canadian Community Health Survey data was evaluated with the use of per-capita alcohol sales data from Statistics Canada. RESULTS Proportions of cancers attributable to alcohol consumption at individual cancer sites were estimated to be as low as 5.1% (liver) and as high as 19.9% (oral cavity/pharynx) among men and as low as 2.1% (liver) and as high as 7.6% (oral cavity/pharynx) among women in Alberta. The total number of alcohol-attributable cancer cases was highest for common cancers (colorectal, female breast), whereas at individual cancer sites, population attributable risks were highest for upper aerodigestive tract cancers. A total of 4.8% of alcohol-associated cancers (1.6% of all cancers) in Alberta could be attributed to alcohol consumption. After adjustment for recorded alcohol consumption, our estimates of population attributable risk increased to 10.7% of alcohol-associated cancers and 3.5% of all cancers. INTERPRETATION Alcohol consumption is estimated to account for 1.6%-3.5% of total cancer cases in Alberta. Given that no level of alcohol consumption is considered safe with respect to cancer risk, strategies to reduce alcohol consumption have the potential to reduce Alberta's cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Grundy
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research (Grundy, Poirier, Khandwala, McFadden, Friedenreich, Brenner), CancerControl Alberta; Department of Oncology (Friedenreich, Brenner); Department of Community Health Sciences (Friedenreich, Brenner), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Abbey E Poirier
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research (Grundy, Poirier, Khandwala, McFadden, Friedenreich, Brenner), CancerControl Alberta; Department of Oncology (Friedenreich, Brenner); Department of Community Health Sciences (Friedenreich, Brenner), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Farah Khandwala
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research (Grundy, Poirier, Khandwala, McFadden, Friedenreich, Brenner), CancerControl Alberta; Department of Oncology (Friedenreich, Brenner); Department of Community Health Sciences (Friedenreich, Brenner), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Alison McFadden
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research (Grundy, Poirier, Khandwala, McFadden, Friedenreich, Brenner), CancerControl Alberta; Department of Oncology (Friedenreich, Brenner); Department of Community Health Sciences (Friedenreich, Brenner), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research (Grundy, Poirier, Khandwala, McFadden, Friedenreich, Brenner), CancerControl Alberta; Department of Oncology (Friedenreich, Brenner); Department of Community Health Sciences (Friedenreich, Brenner), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Darren R Brenner
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research (Grundy, Poirier, Khandwala, McFadden, Friedenreich, Brenner), CancerControl Alberta; Department of Oncology (Friedenreich, Brenner); Department of Community Health Sciences (Friedenreich, Brenner), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
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Alcoholic Beverage Consumption and Chronic Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13060522. [PMID: 27231920 PMCID: PMC4923979 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13060522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies have consistently linked alcoholic beverage consumption with the development of several chronic disorders, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and obesity. The impact of drinking is usually dose-dependent, and light to moderate drinking tends to lower risks of certain diseases, while heavy drinking tends to increase the risks. Besides, other factors such as drinking frequency, genetic susceptibility, smoking, diet, and hormone status can modify the association. The amount of ethanol in alcoholic beverages is the determining factor in most cases, and beverage types could also make an influence. This review summarizes recent studies on alcoholic beverage consumption and several chronic diseases, trying to assess the effects of different drinking patterns, beverage types, interaction with other risk factors, and provide mechanistic explanations.
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Scoccianti C, Cecchini M, Anderson AS, Berrino F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Espina C, Key TJ, Leitzmann M, Norat T, Powers H, Wiseman M, Romieu I. European Code against Cancer 4th Edition: Alcohol drinking and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 39 Suppl 1:S67-74. [PMID: 26115567 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is the third leading risk factor for disease and mortality in Europe. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs provide strengthened evidence that the consumption of alcoholic beverages is causally associated with cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, oesophagus, liver, colorectum and female breast, even for low and moderate alcohol intakes. The risk of cancer increases in a dose-dependent manner, and the higher the amount of alcohol consumed, the higher the risk of developing cancer. Several biological mechanisms explain the carcinogenicity of alcohol; among them, ethanol and its genotoxic metabolite acetaldehyde play a major role. Taking all this evidence into account, a recommendation of the 4th edition of the European Code against Cancer (ECAC) is: "If you drink alcohol of any type, limit your intake. Not drinking alcohol is better for cancer prevention."
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Scoccianti
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Michele Cecchini
- Health Policy Analyst OECD, 2 rue André Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France
| | - Annie S Anderson
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention & Screening, Level 7, Mailbox 7, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Franco Berrino
- Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 1 via Venezian, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Carolina Espina
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Teresa Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London W2 1 PG, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary Powers
- Human Nutrition Unit, The Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Wiseman
- World Cancer Research Fund International, Second Floor, 22 Bedford Square, London WC1B 3HH, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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Han M, Wu G, Sun P, Nie J, Zhang J, Li Y. Association of genetic polymorphisms in PTEN and additional interaction with alcohol consumption and smoking on colorectal cancer in Chinese population. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:21629-21634. [PMID: 26885116 PMCID: PMC4723961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the association of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) gene rs3830675, and additional interaction with drinking and smoking on colorectal cancer (CRC), based on a hospital based Chinese case-control study. METHODS A total of 850 subjects (413 males and 437 females) were studied, including 422 colorectal cancer cases and 428 controls. Rs3830675 was selected for genotyping in the case-control study. Logistic regression model was used to examine the association between rs3830675 and colorectal cancer, and additional interaction with alcohol consumption and smoking. RESULTS The frequencies for rs3830675 (-) alleles was higher in cases than that in controls, (-) allele of rs3830675 was 24.4% in controls and 29.4% in CRC subjects (p=0.005). Logistic analysis showed that the carriers of (-) allele of rs3830675 revealed increased CRC risk than those with (+/+) genotype, adjusted OR (95% CI) was 1.35(1.12-1.98). We found a significant interaction between alcohol consumption and rs3830675, drinkers with (-/-) or (-/+) of rs3830675 genotype have highest colorectal cancer risk, compared to never drinking subjects with (+/+) genotype, OR (95% CI) was 2.57 (1.66-3.33), after covariates adjustment. In addition, we also found that smokers with (-/-) or (-/+) of rs3830675 genotype have highest colorectal cancer risk, compared to never smokers with (+/+) genotype, OR (95% CI) was 3.01 (1.58-6.05). CONCLUSIONS The (-) allele of rs3830675 was positively with colorectal cancer risk. There was a significant role of interaction of rs3830675 with alcohol consumption and smoking on colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Han
- Department of General Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Peichun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Jiewei Nie
- Department of General Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Jiancheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Reproductive Institute, Henan Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450000, China
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Cao Y, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Giovannucci EL. Light to moderate intake of alcohol, drinking patterns, and risk of cancer: results from two prospective US cohort studies. BMJ 2015; 351:h4238. [PMID: 26286216 PMCID: PMC4540790 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.h4238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To quantify risk of overall cancer across all levels of alcohol consumption among women and men separately, with a focus on light to moderate drinking and never smokers; and assess the influence of drinking patterns on overall cancer risk. DESIGN Two prospective cohort studies. SETTING Health professionals in the United States. PARTICIPANTS 88,084 women and 47,881 men participating in the Nurses' Health Study (from 1980) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (from 1986), followed until 2010. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Relative risks of cancer. RESULTS 19,269 and 7571 (excluding non-advanced prostate cancers) incident cancers were documented among women and men, respectively, over 3,144,853 person years. Compared with non-drinkers, light to moderate drinkers had relative risks of total cancer of 1.02 (95% confidence interval 0.98 to 1.06) and 1.04 (1.00 to 1.09; P(trend) = 0.12) for alcohol intake of 0.1-4.9 and 5-14.9 g/day among women, respectively. Corresponding values for men were 1.03 (0.96 to 1.11), 1.05 (0.97 to 1.12), and 1.06 (0.98 to 1.15; P(trend) = 0.31) for alcohol intake of 0.1-4.9, 5-14.9, and 15-29.9 g/day, respectively. Associations for light to moderate drinking and total cancer were similar among ever or never smokers, although alcohol consumption above moderate levels (in particular ≥ 30 g/day) was more strongly associated with risk of total cancer among ever smokers than never smokers. For a priori defined alcohol related cancers in men, risk was not appreciably increased for light and moderate drinkers who never smoked (P(trend) = 0.18). However, for women, even an alcohol consumption of 5-14.9 g/day was associated with increased risk of alcohol related cancer (relative risk 1.13 (95% confidence interval 1.06 to 1.20)), driven by breast cancer. More frequent and heavy episodic drinking was not further associated with risk of total cancer after adjusting for total alcohol intake. CONCLUSION Light to moderate drinking is associated with minimally increased risk of overall cancer. For men who have never smoked, risk of alcohol related cancers is not appreciably increased for light and moderate drinking (up to two drinks per day). However, for women who have never smoked, risk of alcohol related cancers (mainly breast cancer) increases even within the range of up to one alcoholic drink a day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cao
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Klarich DS, Brasser SM, Hong MY. Moderate Alcohol Consumption and Colorectal Cancer Risk. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015; 39:1280-91. [PMID: 26110674 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy alcohol drinking is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC); previous studies have shown a linear dose-dependent association between alcohol intake and CRC. However, some studies suggest that moderate alcohol consumption may have a protective effect, similar to that seen in cardiovascular disease. Other factors may interact with alcohol and contribute additional risk for CRC. We aimed to determine the association between moderate alcohol consumption, limited to 30 g of alcohol per day, by beverage type on CRC risk and to assess the effects of other factors that interact with alcohol to influence CRC risk. METHODS The PubMed database was used to find articles published between 2008 and 2014 related to alcohol and CRC. Twenty-one relevant articles were evaluated and summarized, including 11 articles reporting on CRC risk associated with moderate intake and 10 articles focusing on genetic interactions associated with alcohol and CRC risk. RESULTS The association between alcohol and increased risk for CRC was found when intakes exceeded 30 g/d alcohol. Nonsignificant results were consistently reported for intakes <30 g/d. Additional risks for CRC were found to be related to obesity and folate status for regular alcohol consumers. Some significant results suggest that the development of CRC is dependent on the interaction of gene and environment. CONCLUSIONS The association between the amount of alcohol consumed and the incidence of CRC was not significant at moderate intake levels. Moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a reduced CRC risk in study populations with greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet, where wine contributed substantially to the alcoholic beverage consumed. Other factors such as obesity, folate deficiency, and genetic susceptibility may contribute additional CRC risk for those consuming alcohol. To minimize CRC risk, appropriate recommendations should encourage intakes below 30 g of alcohol each day.
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Affiliation(s)
- DawnKylee S Klarich
- Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Susan M Brasser
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Mee Young Hong
- Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
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Sun GP, Tang YX, Meng J, Liang GF, Zhang YW, Lu XB, Li XX. WITHDRAWN: SEPT9 DNA methylation as an early diagnostic marker in colorectal cancer. Cancer Genet 2015:S2210-7762(15)00026-5. [PMID: 25908231 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The publisher regrets that this article has been temporarily removed. A replacement will appear as soon as possible in which the reason for the removal of the article will be specified, or the article will be reinstated. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong-Ping Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Xin Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Jin Meng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Gao-Feng Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Wei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bo Lu
- School of Public Health China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xia Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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Hirko KA, Spiegelman D, Willett WC, Hankinson SE, Eliassen AH. Alcohol consumption in relation to plasma sex hormones, prolactin, and sex hormone-binding globulin in premenopausal women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:2943-53. [PMID: 25281368 PMCID: PMC4257878 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption is a consistent risk factor for breast cancer, and evidence suggests premenopausal plasma hormones are associated with breast cancer. METHODS Plasma concentrations of estradiol, estrone, estrone sulfate, testosterone, androstenedione, progesterone, prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in samples collected in 1996-99. Average alcohol intake was calculated from semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires collected in 1995 and 1999. We used generalized linear models to calculate geometric mean hormone concentrations across alcohol categories and the percentage difference for the highest versus lowest category. RESULTS Comparing women who consumed >20 g/d with nondrinkers, levels were 25.7% higher for luteal estrone (geometric mean, 106 vs. 84.5 pg/mL; Ptrend = 0.001), 27.2% higher for luteal estradiol (182 vs. 143 pg/mL; Ptrend = 0.006), and 16.8% higher for SHBG (85.6 vs. 73.3 nmol/L; Ptrend = 0.03); concentrations of free testosterone were 17.9% lower (0.16 vs. 0.20 ng/dL; Ptrend = 0.002). Women consuming >10 g/d compared with nondrinkers had 26.5% higher concentrations of follicular estrone sulfate (950 vs. 751 pg/mL; Ptrend = 0.04). We did not observe significant associations between alcohol and the other sex hormones evaluated. Significant positive associations were observed with beer intake, but not other alcohol types, for DHEA (Pinteraction = 0.003) and androstenedione (Pinteraction = 0.006). CONCLUSION Alcohol consumption was significantly positively associated with plasma luteal estrogen concentrations, but not with androgen levels, nor estrone or estradiol measured in the follicular phase. IMPACT Differences in premenopausal estrogen levels may contribute to the association between alcohol and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Hirko
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Donna Spiegelman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Walter C Willett
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan E Hankinson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Park YM, Cho CH, Kim SH, Lee JE. Alcohol intake, smoking, and colorectal adenoma. J Cancer Prev 2014; 19:137-43. [PMID: 25337582 PMCID: PMC4204163 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2014.19.2.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in Korea. Because colorectal adenoma is a precursor lesion of colorectal cancer, primary prevention of colorectal adenomas may be important for reducing morbidity and mortality from the disease. The aim of this study is to examine the association of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking in relation with colorectal adenoma in a cross-sectional study of Korean adults. Methods: A total of 366 participants who underwent colonoscopy were included (113 cases and 255 controls) in this study. Information on alcohol intake and cigarette smoking was collected from structured questionnaires. The odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the multivariate logistic regression models. Results: Alcohol intake was associated with a higher prevalence of colorectal adenoma in men; compared to non-drinkers, ORs (95% CIs) were 11.49 (2.55–51.89) for 10–20 g/day of alcohol intake and 14.15 (3.31–60.59) for â 20 g/day of alcohol intake (P for trend = 0.003). There was a weaker association of alcohol intake for women than men; however, there was a suggestive increase in the prevalence of colorectal cancer in women. Cigarette smoking was not associated with colorectal adenoma, but we cannot rule out the possibility that this was due to low statistical power. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence to suggest that alcohol intake may contribute to colorectal adenoma in the Korean population. Our study results demonstrate that a larger epidemiologic study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Mi Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Ho Cho
- Department of Pathology, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Hi Kim
- Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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Stone WL, Krishnan K, Campbell SE, Palau VE. The role of antioxidants and pro-oxidants in colon cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2014; 6:55-66. [PMID: 24653795 PMCID: PMC3955779 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v6.i3.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the roles antioxidants and pro-oxidants in colorectal cancer (CRC). Considerable evidence suggests that environmental factors play key roles in the incidence of sporadic CRC. If pro-oxidant factors play an etiological role in CRC it is reasonable to expect causal interconnections between the well-characterized risk factors for CRC, oxidative stress and genotoxicity. Cigarette smoking, a high dietary consumption of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and alcohol intake are all associated with increased CRC risk. These risk factors are all pro-oxidant stressors and their connections to oxidative stress, the intestinal microbiome, intestinal microfold cells, cyclooxygenase-2 and CRC are detailed in this review. While a strong case can be made for pro-oxidant stressors in causing CRC, the role of food antioxidants in preventing CRC is less certain. It is clear that not every micronutrient with antioxidant activity can prevent CRC. It is plausible, however, that the optimal food antioxidants for preventing CRC have not yet been critically evaluated. Increasing evidence suggests that RRR-gamma-tocopherol (the primary dietary form of vitamin E) or other “non-alpha-tocopherol” forms of vitamin E (e.g., tocotrienols) might be effective. Aspirin is an antioxidant and its consumption is linked to a decreased risk of CRC.
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Scoccianti C, Straif K, Romieu I. Recent evidence on alcohol and cancer epidemiology. Future Oncol 2014; 9:1315-22. [PMID: 23980679 DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents an overview of the impact of alcohol consumption on cancer risk. Results from the 2009 International Agency for Research on Cancer monograph as well as the most recent meta-analyses and epidemiological studies are considered. Alcohol consumption is one of the most important known risk factors for human cancer and potentially one of the most avoidable factors, but it is increasing worldwide. Ethanol in alcoholic beverages is carcinogenic to humans and causes several cancers (oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, colorectum, liver and female breast). Cumulative lifetime consumption, frequency and drinking pattern appear to play a role in risk characterization. While the role of heavy drinking has been long recognized, new evidence suggests that light consumption (up to one drink/day) is also associated with adverse effects. In addition, some genetic polymorphisms interact with alcohol metabolism and may modify its impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Scoccianti
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition & Metabolism Section, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon Cedex 08, France
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Nan H, Lee JE, Rimm EB, Fuchs CS, Giovannucci EL, Cho E. Prospective study of alcohol consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer before and after folic acid fortification in the United States. Ann Epidemiol 2013; 23:558-63. [PMID: 23726821 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the influence of alcohol consumption on the risk of colorectal cancer according to folic acid fortification period in the United States. METHODS We evaluated the association between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer by fortification period (before 1998 vs. after 1998) in 2 prospective cohort studies, the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) of women and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) of men, in which 2793 cases of invasive colorectal cancer were documented. RESULTS Alcohol consumption was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Among nonusers of multivitamins and/or folic acid supplements, the pooled multivariate relative risk for ≥30 g/d drinkers versus nondrinkers was 1.36 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.09-1.70; P for trend, 0.02). The effect of alcohol consumption was slightly stronger in the prefolic acid fortification period (1980 NHS/1986 HPFS-1998) than in the postfortification period (1998-2008); the pooled multivariate relative risks for ≥30 g/d drinkers versus nondrinkers were 1.31 (95% CI, 1.00-1.71; P for trend, 0.10) in the prefortification period and 1.07 (95% CI, 0.69-1.65; P for trend, 0.67) in the postfortification period. CONCLUSIONS Folic acid fortification may attenuate the adverse effect of high alcohol consumption on the risk of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Nan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The data indicating that alcohol is an important factor increasing the risk to develop gastrointestinal cancer are consolidating. The purpose of this review is to summarize current evidence. RECENT FINDINGS Acetaldehyde is the first metabolite of ethanol metabolism and has direct carcinogenic and mutagenic effects by modifying DNA via generation of DNA adducts. Oxidative stress has a prominent role in triggering chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis through formation of reactive oxygen species. Recently published large prospective cohort studies with sufficient statistical power and meta-analyses could refine the knowledge regarding the impact of alcohol on gastrointestinal cancer. Functional genetic variants of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes proved to be associated with increased risk for esophageal and gastric cancer.The highest risk increase for malignancy was observed in the upper aerodigestive tract (oral cavity, pharynx, larynx) and esophagus (squamous cell carcinoma), weaker correlations were established regarding gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal neoplasias. SUMMARY Alcohol overconsumption is a serious avoidable risk factor for the development of gastrointestinal tract cancer, both alone but even more in combination with other risk factors such as tobacco and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan L Haas
- Gastrocentrum, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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