Management of gastric subepithelial tumors: The role of endoscopy

Table 1 Publications reporting conventional and modified endoscopic submucosal dissection for upper gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors originating in the muscularis propria

Ref.	No. of patients	Location	Mean tumor diameter (mm)	Mean procedure time (min)	Resection method	Complete resection rate (%)	Total complication rate (%)	Mean follow-up period (mo)/recurrence in complete resection patients
Lee et al[15] (2006)	11	Cardia/body	20.7	60.9	ESD	75.0	0	10.9/N
Jeong et al[14] (2011)	64	Cardia/fundus/body/antrum	13.8	34.7	Endoscopic enucleation	92.3	12.3	10.01/N
Liu et al[22] (2012)	31	Esophagus/ cardia/stomach	22.1	76.8	EMD	96.8	12.9	17.7/N
He et al[6] (2013)	144	Cardia/fundus/body/antrum	15.1	63.4	ESD	92.4	14.52/4.83	19.1/N
Chu et al[8] (2012)	16	Cardia/fundus/body/antrum	26.1	52.0	Modified ESD with enucleation	93.8	0	14.8/N
Li et al[20] (2013)	11	Fundus	18.8	81.0	ESD	90.9	27.2	6.4/N
Chun et al[2] (2013)	35	Cardia/fundus/body/antrum	18.0	32.3	ESD	74.3	5.7	6.1/N

¹Median follow-up period;

²Perforation;

³Bleeding. ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; N: None; EMD: Endoscopic muscularis dissection.

Table 2 Publications reporting endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection for upper gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors originating in the muscularis propria

Ref.	No. of patients	Location	Mean tumor diameter (mm)	Mean procedure time (min)	Resection method	Complete resection rate (%)	Total complication rate (%)	Mean follow-up period (mo)/recurrence in complete resection patients
Inoue et al[10] (2012)	7	Esophagus/cardia	19.0	152	Submucosal endoscopic tumor resection	100	0	5.5/N
Gong et al[24] (2012)	12	Esophagus/cardia	19.5	48.3	ESTD	83.3	16.7	NA
Liu et al[26] (2013)	12	Esophagus/cardia	18.5	78.3	tEMD	100	66.7	7.1/N
Ye et al[25] (2014)	85	Esophagus/cardia/stomach	19.2	57.2	STER	100	9.4	81/N
Zhou et al[27] (2015)	21	Esophagogastric junction	23.0	62.9	STER	100	42.9	61/N

¹Median follow-up period. ESTD: Endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection; N: None; NA: Not available; tEMD: Tunneling endoscopic muscularis dissection; STER: Submucosal tunneling and endoscopic resection.

Table 3 Publications reporting endoscopic full-thickness resection with or without laparoscopy for gastric subepithelial tumors

Ref.	No. of patients	Location	Mean tumor diameter (mm)	Mean procedure time (min)	Resection method	Complete resection rate (%)	Total complication rate (%)	Mean follow-up period (mo)/recurrence in complete resection patients
Hiki et al[31] (2008)	7	Esophagogastric junction/stomach	46	169	LECS	100	0	NA
Abe et al[33] (2009)	4	Body	30	201	LAEFR	100	0	8/N
Tsujimoto et al[32] (2012)	20	Esophagogastric junction/body/antrum	37.9	157.5	LECS	100	0	20.7/N
Ye et al[18] (2014)	51	Fundus/body/antrum	24	52	EFTR	98	0	22.41/N
Mitsui et al[36] (2014)	6	Body	22.7	273.5	NEWS	100	0	8/N
Schmidt et al[11] (2015)	31	Carida/fundus/body/antrum	20.5	60	EFTR	90.3	9.62/38.73	7 (roughly)/N

¹Median follow up period;

²Perforation;

³Bleeding. LECS: Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery; NA: Not available; LAEFR: Laparoscopy-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection; N: None; EFTR: Endoscopic full-thickness resection; NEWS: Non-exposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery.