Head mass in chronic pancreatitis: Inflammatory or malignant

Table 1 Endoscopic ultrasound in evaluating pancreatic mass lesions in patients with chronic pancreatitis

Ref.	Study subjects	Procedure	Outcome1
Fritscher-Ravens et al[19]	74 patients with focal pancreatic lesions and chronic pancreatitis	EUS FNA	Sn-54%
Vardarajulu et al[17]	75 patients with CP and focal pancreatic mass lesion	EUS FNA	Sn-73.9%
			Sp-100%
Iordache et al[18]	CP-55 CP and PC-17	EUS FNA	Sn-50%
			Sp-73.7%
Hocke et al[13]	86 patients with CP and pancreatic lesion	EUS	Sn-73.2%
			Sp-83.3%
		CE-EUS	Sn-91.1%
			Sp-93.3%

¹Differentiating malignant and non-malignant pancreatic lesion. Sn: Sensitivity; Sp: Specificity; CP: Chronic pancreatitis; PC: Pancreatic cancer; CE: Contrast enhanced; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; FNA: Fine needle aspiration.

Table 2 Data from other studies on role of endoscopic ultrasound in evaluating pancreatic mass lesions

Ref.	Study subjects	Procedure	Outcome1
Ardengh et al[12]	69 patients with pancreatic head mass	EUS	Sn-63.63%
			Sp-75.86%
		EUS FNA	Sn-72.7%
			Sp-100%
Das et al[16]	Normal-22CP-12PC-22	EUS, Digital image analysis	Sn-93%
			Sp-92%
Zhu et al[15]	CP-262	EUS, Digital image analysis	Sn-96.25%
	PC-126		Sp-93.38%
Hirsche et al[32]	70 patients with focal pancreatic lesion	EUS	Sn-41%
		Elastography	Sp-53%
Giovannini et al[33]	121 patients with pancreatic mass lesion	EUS	Sn-92.3%
			Sp-68.9%
		EUS Elastography	Sn-92.3%
			Sp-80%
Iglesias-Garcia et al[35]	78 patients with malignant pancreatic tumour	EUS Elastography	Sn-100%
	42 patients with inflammatory pancreatic mass		Sp-85.5%
Iglesias-Garcia et al[30]	86 patients with pancreatic mass (27 of them had inflammatory mass)	Quantitative EUS Elastography	Sn-100%
			Sp-92.9%
Seicean et al[38]	30 patients with pancreatic lesion (12 had pseudotumour)	CE harmonic-EUS	Sn-80%
			Sp-91.7%
Saftoui et al[41]	Focal pancreatic mass lesion (21 had pseudotumour)	CE + elastography during EUS	Sn-75.85
			Sp-95.2%
Saftoui et al[34]	258 patients with focal pancreatic mass	Quantitative EUS Elastography	Sn-93.4%
			Sp-66%
Hocke et al[14]	Focal CP-39	EUS	Sn-61.5%
			Sp-73.7%
		EUS elastography	Sn-33.4%
			Sp-94.7%
	PC-19	CELMI-EUS	Sn-76.9%
			Sp-84.2%
		CEHMI-EUS	Sn-89.5%
			Sp-84.2%
Gheona et al[40]	PC-32	Quantitative CE-EUS	Sn-93.7%
	Pseudotumoural pancreatitis-19		Sp-89.4%

¹Differentiating malignant and non-malignant pancreatic lesion. Sn: Sensitivity; Sp: Specificity; CP: Chronic pancreatitis; PC: Pancreatic cancer; CE: Contrast enhanced; CELMI: Contrast enhanced low mechanical index; CEHMI: Contrast enhanced high mechanical index; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; FNA: Fine needle aspiration.