Association between triglyceride-glucose index and colorectal polyps: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects according to colonoscopic findings

	Polyp-free	Colorectal polyps	P value vs polyp-free	Adenomatous polyps	P value vs polyp-free
n (%)	1349 (53.17)	1188 (46.83)		276
Male	680 (50.41)	772 (64.98)	< 0.001	170 (14.31)	< 0.001
Age (yr)	52.92 ± 15.49	55.87 ± 11.91	< 0.001	53.62 ± 12.70	< 0.449
WBC (× 109/L)	5.74 ± 2.00	5.74 ± 1.53	0.940	5.68 ± 1.43	0.235
ALT (U/L)	27.37 ± 50.07	24.96 ± 20.08	0.122	27.27 ± 20.16	< 0.001
AST (U/L)	25.12 ± 36.33	22.62 ± 11.14	0.023	23.24 ± 9.16	0.008
TG (mmol/L)	1.44 ± 1.25	1.64 ± 1.12	< 0.001	1.71 ± 1.37	0.001
TC (mmol/L)	4.29 ± 1.07	4.67 ± 0.96	< 0.001	4.59 ± 1.01	< 0.001
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.62 ± 0.82	2.88 ± 0.77	< 0.001	2.82 ± 0.81	< 0.001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.33 ± 0.36	1.40 ± 0.31	< 0.001	1.39 ± 0.31	0.009
UA (mmol/L)	306.95 ± 90.30	332.52 ± 89.48	< 0.001	330.76 ± 88.24	< 0.001
GLU (mmol/L)	5.35 ± 1.32	5.46 ± 1.14	< 0.001	5.47 ± 1.06	0.002
TyG index	1.15 ± 0.62	1.32 ± 0.61	< 0.001	1.31 ± 0.69	< 0.001

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; TG: Triglycerides; TC: Total cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; UA: Uric acid; GLU: Glucose; TyG: Triglyceride-glucose.

Table 2 Adjusted ORs and 95%CIs for the occurrence of colorectal polyps in relation to triglyceride-glucose index based on multinomial logistic regression

Variable	Model I		Model II		Model III
	Odds ratio (95%CI)	P value	Odds ratio (95%CI)	P value	Odds ratio (95%CI)	P value
Colorectal polyps
TyG index	1.57 (1.37, 1.78)	< 0.0001	1.43 (1.25, 1.64)	< 0.0001	1.56 (1.30, 1.86)	< 0.0001
Sex
Male	1.52 (1.29, 1.80)	< 0.0001	1.53 (1.29, 1.81)	< 0.0001	1.80 (1.42, 2.28)	< 0.0001
Female	1.45 (1.18, 1.78)	0.0005	1.36 (1.10, 1.68)	0.0050	1.32 (1.01, 1.76)	0.0457
Age (yr)
< 50	1.81 (1.45, 2.27)	< 0.0001	1.62 (1.29, 2.04)	< 0.0001	1.66 (1.19, 2.30)	0.0027
> 50	1.37 (1.17, 1.61)	0.0001	1.33 (1.13, 1.57)	0.0006	1.37 (1.11, 1.70)	0.0037
Adenomous polyps
TyG index	1.48 (1.21, 1.80)	< 0.0001	1.42 (1.16, 1.74)	0.0006	1.84 (1.34, 2.52)	0.0002
Sex
Male	1.49 (1.16, 1.91)	0.0016	1.50 (1.17, 1.92)	0.0015	2.04 (1.42, 2.92)	0.0001
Female	1.32 (0.94, 1.84)	0.1097	1.33 (0.94, 1.89)	0.1028	1.33 (0.84, 2.11)	0.2258
Age (yr)
< 50	1.94 (1.40, 2.70)	< 0.0001	1.85 (1.31, 2.60)	0.0004	2.26 (1.40, 3.64)	0.0008
> 50	1.24 (0.96, 1.60)	0.0963	1.22 (0.95, 1.58)	0.1197	1.40 (0.99, 1.97)	0.0578

Model I is non-adjusted. Model II is adjusted for age and sex. Model III is adjusted for age, sex, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. TyG: Triglyceride-glucose.

Table 3 Threshold effect analysis of triglyceride-glucose index on for the occurrence of colorectal polyps using a two-piecewise linear regression model

Colorectal polyps	Odds ratio (95%CI)	P value
TyG index
Fitting by standard linear model	1.55 (1.30, 1.86)	< 0.0001
Fitting by two-piecewise linear model
Inflection point	2.31
< 2.31	1.7 (1.40, 2.06)	< 0.0001
> 2.31	0.57 (0.27, 1.23)	0.1521
Log-likelihood ratio	0.009

Age, sex, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were adjusted. TyG: Triglyceride-glucose.