Transnasal endoscopic biliary drainage as a rescue management for the treatment of acute cholangitis

Figure 1 Transnasal endoscopic biliary drainage. A: Endoscopic image shows biliary cannulation by transnasal endoscopy in patients with placement of self-expandable metallic stent; B: Endoscopic cholangiography showed obstruction of stent; C: Transnasal endoscopic naso-biliary drainage could be performed.

Figure 2 Transnasal endoscopic cholangiography (long scope position). A: Endoscopic image shows orifice of bile duct in patients with post-sphincterotomy; B: Cholangiography showed bile duct stones.

Figure 3 Transnasal endoscopic cholangiography (short scope position). Bile duct cannulation by transnasal endoscopy at the short scope position.