• electride
• layered structure
• magnetic materials
• permanent magnet
• quasi‐atomic electron

• 2022M3H4A1A01010832 National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)
• 2021R1A6A1A03039696 National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)
• 2022R1A2C2005210 National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)
• NSF-2138296 National Science Foundation
• DE-AC02-06CH11357 U.S. Department of Energy
• 2020M3H1A1077207 Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea

• Sm–Co
• atomistic simulation
• deformation behavior
• density functional theory
• micropillar compression
• nanoindentation

• 852096 H2020 European Research Council
• 409476157 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Gastric cancer (GC) has high morbidity and mortality. Moreover, because GC has no typical symptoms in the early stages, most cases are already in the advanced stages by the time the symptoms appear, thus resulting in poor prognosis and a low survival rate. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) can realize the early detection and diagnosis of GC and become the main surgical method for early GC. However, ESD has a steep learning curve and high technical skill requirements for endoscopists, which is not conducive to its widespread implementation and advancement. Therefore, a series of auxiliary techniques have been derived.

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of magnetic anchor technique (MAT)-assisted ESD in early GC.

This was an ex vivo animal experiment. The experimental models were the isolated stomachs of pigs, which were divided into two groups, namely the study group (n = 6) with MAT-assisted ESD and the control group (n = 6) with traditional ESD. Comparing the total surgical time, incidence of surgical complications, complete mucosal resection rate, specimen size, and the scores of endoscopist’s satisfaction with the procedure reflected their feelings about convenience during the surgical procedure between the two groups. The magnetic anchor device for auxiliary ESD in the study group comprised three parts, an anchor magnet (AM), a target magnet (TM), and a soft tissue clip. Under gastroscopic guidance, the soft tissue clip and the TM were delivered to the pre-marked mucosal lesion through the gastroscopic operating hole. The soft tissue clip and the TM were connected by a thin wire through the TM tail structure. The soft tissue clip was released by manipulating the operating handle of the soft tissue clip in a way that the soft tissue clip and the TM were fixed to the lesion mucosa. In vitro, ESD is aided by maneuvering the AM such that the mucosal dissection surface is exposed.

The total surgical time was shorter in the study group than in the control group (26.57 ± 0.19 vs 29.97 ± 0.28, P < 0.001), and the scores of endoscopist’s satisfaction with the procedure were higher in the study group than in the control group (9.53 ± 0.10 vs 8.00 ± 0.22, P < 0.001). During the operation in the study group, there was no detachment of the soft tissue clip and TM and no mucosal tearing. The magnetic force between the AM and TM provided good mucosal exposure and sufficient tissue tension for ESD. The mucosal lesion was completely peeled off, and the operation was successful. There were no significant differences in the incidence of surgical complications (100% vs 83.3%), complete mucosal resection rate (100% vs 66.7%, P = 0.439), and specimen size (2.44 ± 0.04 cm vs 2.49 ± 0.02, P = 0.328) between the two groups.

MAT-ESD is safe and effective for early GC. It provides a preliminary basis for subsequent internal animal experiments and clinical research.

• Endoscopic submucosal dissection
• Gastric cancer
• Digestive disease
• Magnetic anchor technique
• Magnetic surgery
• Magnetic anchor device

• additive manufacturing
• magnetic properties
• microstructure
• soft magnetic materials

• Anthropogenic waste
• Rare earth metal
• Sustainability
• Valorizations

• first-principles calculations
• magnetic anisotropy
• maximum energy product
• rare-earth free permanent magnets

Lab scale additive manufacturing of Fe-Nd-B based powders was performed to realize bulk nanocrystalline Fe-Nd-B based permanent magnets. For fabrication a special inert gas process chamber for laser powder bed fusion was used. Inspired by the nanocrystalline ribbon structures, well-known from melt-spinning, the concept was successfully transferred to the additive manufactured parts. For example, for Nd16.5-Pr1.5-Zr2.6-Ti2.5-Co2.2-Fe65.9-B8.8 (excess rare earth (RE) = Nd, Pr; the amount of additives was chosen following Magnequench (MQ) powder composition) a maximum coercivity of µ₀H_c = 1.16 T, remanence J_r = 0.58 T and maximum energy density of (BH)_max = 62.3 kJ/m³ have been achieved. The most important prerequisite to develop nanocrystalline printed parts with good magnetic properties is to enable rapid solidification during selective laser melting. This is made possible by a shallow melt pool during laser melting. Melt pool depths as low as 20 to 40 µm have been achieved. The printed bulk nanocrystalline Fe-Nd-B based permanent magnets have the potential to realize magnets known so far as polymer bonded magnets without polymer.

• NdFeB
• additive manufacturing
• coercivity
• laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF)
• nanocrystalline magnets
• permanent magnets
• selective laser melting (SLM)

Nanostructured alloy powders of SmCo₅ + 10 wt% Fe obtained using recycled material were studied for the first time. The SmCo₅ precursor was obtained from commercial magnets recycled by hydrogen decrepitation. The results were compared with identically processed samples obtained using virgin SmCo₅ raw material. The samples were synthesized by dry high-energy ball-milling and subsequent heat treatment. Robust soft/hard exchange coupling was observed—with large coercivity, which is essential for commercial permanent magnets. The obtained energy products for the recycled material fall between 80% and 95% of those obtained when using virgin SmCo₅, depending on milling and annealing times. These results further offer viability of recycling and sustainability in production. These powders and processes are therefore candidates for the next generation of specialized and nanostructured exchange-coupled bulk industrial magnets.

• interphase exchange coupling
• mechanical milling
• recycled magnets
• soft/hard magnetic nanocomposites

• Additive manufacturing
• Bonded magnets
• Cryomilling
• Nd-Fe-B
• Recycling
• Waste management

• Magnets
• Metals, Rare Earth
• Neodymium
• Recycling
• Temperature

Monophasic nano-crystalline CoFe₂O₄(CFO) nanoparticles of high purity have been synthesised through a low temperature hydrothermal route, which does not involve hazardous chemicals, or conditions.

A selection of supramolecular ligands designed to extract f-elements.

• coordination chemistry
• critical materials
• lanthanides
• rare earth elements
• separations

In this review, all structurally authenticated molecular compounds with direct bonds between rare earth metals and transition or main group metals are summarized. Novel aspects of their syntheses, properties and reactivities are highlighted.

• Animals
• Base Sequence
• DNA Primers
• Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
• Lanthanum/pharmacology
• Memory/drug effects
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa/metabolism
• Signal Transduction

• Cobalt/chemistry
• Hot Temperature
• Magnets
• Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry

• Animals
• Body Size/drug effects
• Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects
• Embryonic Development/drug effects
• Lanthanum/toxicity
• Ytterbium/toxicity
• Zebrafish