Addition of simvastatin to carvedilol non responders: A new pharmacological therapy for treatment of portal hypertension

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 102 patients

Parameters	Description
Age (mean ± SD)	58.35 ± 6.62
Gender (male:female)	63:39
Child-Pugh class (A:B:C)	43:32:27
Etiology (Alcohol:Viral:NASH or Cryptogenic:AIH)	31:37:29:5
Oesophagea l Varices (small:large)	34:68
Ascites (No:Grade I:Grade II: Grade III)	63:6:25:8
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.96 ± 0.81
Serum albumin (mg/dL)	3.20 ± 0.49
Prothrombin time	14.13 ± 1.91
International normalized ratio	1.29 ± 0.16

NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis.

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of 38 carvedilol non responders patients in whom Simvastatin was added

Parameters	Description
Age (mean ± SD)	58.45 ± 5.95
Gender (male:female)	21:17
Child-Pugh class (A:B:C)	14:13:11
Etiology (Alcohol:Viral:NASH or Cryptogenic)	12:15:11
OesophagealVarices (small:large)	12:26
Ascites (No:Grade 1:Grade 2:Grade 3)	21:4:8:5
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	2.042 ± 0.77
Serum albumin (mg/dL)	3.203 ± 0.54
Prothrombin time	14.105 ± 2.16
International normalized ratio	1.318 ± 0.15

NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Table 3 Hemodynamic parameters (mean) of studied population

Hemodynamic parameters	Baseline	Post chronic carvedilol (3 mo)	Post simvastatin
CO (L/min)	7.525 ± 0.19	6.38 ± 0.13	6.195 ± 0.17
HR (beats/min)	79.45 ± 2.50	57.45 ± 2.44	55.053 ± 1.67
MAP (mmHg)	89.53 ± 2.42	75.54 ± 1.97	74.500 ± 1.48
FHVP (mmHg)	8.28 ± 1.85	9.45 ± 1.90	10.086 ± 1.68
WHPG (mmHg)	25.08 ± 2.55	22.04 ± 2.56	23.114 ± 2.32
HVPG (mmHg)	16.75 ± 2.12	12.60 ± 2.24	13.029 ± 1.56

CO: Cardiac output; HR: Heart rate; MAP: Mean arterial pressure; FHVP: Free hepatic venous pressure; WHPG: Wedged hepatic venous pressure gradient; HVPG: Hepatic venous pressure gradient.