Systematic Review
Copyright ©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Hepatol. Jan 27, 2014; 6(1): 55-63
Published online Jan 27, 2014. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v6.i1.55
Table 1 Literature review of nodular regenerative hyperplasia in human immunodeficiency virus positive patients (biopsy confirmed)
Ref.Study typeNumber of patientsClinical presentation
Arey et al[21]Case report1Abdominal distention, abdominal, pain, EV
Bihl et al[31]Case report1Abdominal pain, ALP, ascites, EV, GIB, splenomegaly
Bissonnette et al[11]Case report2Ascites, EV, GIB
Cachay et al[15]Case series1ALP
Saifee et al[52]Case series11Ascites, EV, GIB
Cesari et al[53]Case control5Ascites, EV, GIB, splenomegaly
Cotte et al[12]Case control13Abdominal pain, ALP, ascites, EV, GIB, splenomegaly
Alvarez Díaz et al[33]Case report2ALP, ascites, EV, GIB
Ding et al[54]Case report1ALP, EV, GIB, ascites
Dinh et al[55]Case control3Ascites, encephalopathy, EV
Fernandez-Miranda et al[9]Case report1Unknown
Garvey et al[19]Case report2EV, splenomegaly
Hofmaenner et al[27]Case report1Epigastric pain, ALP
Kochin et al[56]Case report1EV, GIB
Kovari et al[23]Case control1EV
Maida et al[8]Case series2Splenomegaly
Mallet et al[4]Case control13ALP, EV, GIB
Mallet et al[57]Case report1Portal hypertension
Mallet et al[30]Case series8ALP, ascites, EV, splenomegaly
Mendizabal et al[58]Case control5EV, GIB
Podevin et al[59]Case report1Ascites, EV, splenomegaly
Sandrine et al[20]Case report1ALP, ascites, EV, splenomegaly
Santiago et al[28]Case report1Abdominal distention, splenomegaly
Schiano et al[22]Case report1ALP, EV, splenomegaly
Scourfield et al[60]Retrospective cohort4Unknown
Schouten et al[61]Case report3EV, GIB
Stebbing et al[62]Retrospective cohort2ALP
Tateo et al[13]Case report3ALP, ascites, EV, GIB
Vispo et al[29]Case report3ALP, ascites, EV, GIB
Table 2 Manifestations of portal hypertension in patients with nodular regenerative hyperplasia and human immunodeficiency virus n (%)
ManifestationPatients identifiedReferences
Ascites30 (32)[4,12,19,20,28,33,52,53,58,60]
Esophageal varices61 (66)[4,12,19,20,28,33,52,53,58,60]
Hepatic encephalopathy1 (1.1)[54]
Splenomegaly25 (27)[4,12,19,20,31,52,53,54,58,60]
Portal thrombosis11 (12)[4,12,19,20,31,52,53,54,58]
Table 3 Select laboratory tests associated with nodular regenerative hyperplasia
Laboratory testRangeReferences
Albumin (g/dL)1.9-4.5[22,28,52,54,55]
Aspartate transaminase (IU/L)15-139[4,8,20-22,30,31,38,54,55,59,60]
Alanine transaminase (IU/L)13-196[3,7,19-21,30,31,52,54,55,59,60]
Alkaline Phosphatase (IU/L)92-541[4,20-23,28,31,52,53,55,59,60]
Total bilrubin (mg/dL)0.6-3.6[21,22,31,52,54,55,59,60]
Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (IU/L)12-771[4,20,22,28,31,53,55,59,60]
White blood cell count (cells/mm3)1090-4800[4,21,22,28,30,31,33,53-55,60]
Hemoglobin (g/dL)6.6-13[22,55,60]
Platelet (1000/mm3)61-273[4,22,23,52,54,55,59,60]