Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Hepatol. Dec 27, 2019; 11(12): 752-760
Published online Dec 27, 2019. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v11.i12.752
Table 1 Reported causes of post-infantile giant cell hepatitis
InfectiousHepatitis A, B, C
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Paramyxo-like virus
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Herpesvirus 6A
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
AutoimmuneAutoimmune hepatitis (AIH)
Ulcerative colitis (UC)
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN)
DrugsMethotrexate
6 mercaptopurine
Amytriptyline
P-aminosalicylic acid
Vinyl chloride
Chropromazine
Methotrexate
HematologicChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
Lymphoma
Sickle cell disease (SCC)
Hypereosinophilia
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
EndocrineHypoparathyroidism
InfiltrativeSarcoidosis
Post-transplant-
Idiopathic-
Table 2 Patient characteristics and liver function tests
GCH on native liver, n = 40GCH on allograft, n = 10
Mean age in yr50.443.4
Gender
Male14 (35%)4 (40%)
Female26 (65%)6 (60%)
AST433 ± 486175 ± 158
ALT488 ± 537232 ± 206
Alkaline phosphatase197 ± 151296 ± 197
GGT287 ± 582246 ± 182
Bilirubin10.9 ± 10.43.1 ± 3.8
Table 3 Predisposing factors, n (%)
Predisposing factorsGCH on native liverGCH on allograft
AIH13 (32)3 (30)
Drug induced6 (15)0
No factor identified12 (30)3 (30)
UC2 (5)3 (30)
PSC3 (7)1 (10)
HCV2 (5)1 (10)
CMV1 (2)1 (10)
SLE2 (5)0
Lymphoma2 (5)0
HAV1 (2)0
HBV1 (2)0
EBV1 (2)0
Sjogren1 (2)0
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia1 (2)0
CLL1 (2)0
Peripheral eosinophilia1 (2)0
SCC1 (2)0
Celiac disease1 (2)0
Table 4 Management and outcomes, n (%)
GCH on native liver, n = 40GCH on allograft, n = 10
Management
Immunosuppression11 (28)4 (40)
Supportive care10 (25)0 (0)
Liver transplantation5 (13)1 (10)
Ganciclovir1 (3)1 (10)
Unknown13 (33)4 (40)
Outcomes
Survived25 (63)4 (40)
Died5 (13)2 (20)
Unknown10 (25)4 (40)