Bile acid indices as biomarkers for liver diseases I: Diagnostic markers

Table 5 Representative bile acids concentrations and indices in medium- vs low- model for end-stage liver disease patients

BA (µmol/L) or BA indices	Low-MELD		Medium-MELD		Medium- vs low-MELD
	mean	SE	mean	SE	Ratio	P value
Total BA	59.2	7.94	116	24.8	1.96	1.000
Total LCA	3.40	0.35	6.01	1.72	1.77	0.175
Total UDCA	24.4	5.34	18.6	6.30	0.76	0.172
Total CDCA	18.3	2.31	71.4	16.3	3.90	0.000
Total DCA	5.30	0.96	6.08	1.47	1.15	1.000
Total HDCA	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.61	1.000
Total MDCA	0.05	0.01	0.06	0.01	1.28	1.000
Total CA	2.80	0.48	10.6	4.45	3.79	0.000
Total MCA	3.58	0.57	2.15	0.46	0.60	0.210
Total HCA	0.25	0.04	0.86	0.36	3.48	0.002
% LCA	9.31	0.53	7.97	1.47	0.86	1.000
% UDCA	23.1	1.29	14.3	2.52	0.62	1.000
% CDCA	34.7	1.21	55.6	3.17	1.60	0.000
% DCA	13.8	0.65	7.18	1.33	0.52	0.005
% HDCA	0.04	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.32	0.661
% MDCA	0.29	0.04	0.13	0.03	0.43	1.000
% CA	5.75	0.30	8.70	1.25	1.51	0.145
% MCA	7.15	0.48	3.70	0.91	0.52	0.000
% HCA	0.46	0.07	0.75	0.15	1.61	0.148
Total Unamidated	4.24	0.55	2.87	0.72	0.68	0.062
Total G-amidated	48.4	6.89	92.8	19.7	1.92	1.000
Total T-amidated	6.58	1.04	20.7	7.30	3.15	0.040
% Amidation	86.7	0.87	94.4	1.28	1.09	0.005
% G-amidation	75.5	0.96	77.2	2.73	1.02	1.000
% T-amidation	11.2	0.64	17.1	2.15	1.53	0.002
Total unsulfated	6.99	0.93	9.04	2.42	1.29	1.000
Total sulfated	52.3	7.21	107	23.2	2.05	1.000
% Sulfation	82.4	0.81	88.3	1.34	1.07	0.009
Total mono-OH	3.40	0.35	6.01	1.72	1.77	0.175
Total di-OH	48.1	7.01	96.2	20.9	2.00	1.000
Total tri-OH	6.63	0.90	13.6	4.90	2.06	0.301
% Mono-OH	9.31	0.53	7.97	1.47	0.86	1.000
% Di-OH	72.0	0.90	77.2	2.14	1.07	0.058
% Tri-OH	13.4	0.59	13.1	1.40	0.98	0.274
Total 12α-OH	8.55	1.23	16.8	4.86	1.96	0.053
Total non-12α-OH	50.7	7.21	99.6	21.5	1.96	1.000
12α-OH/non12α-OH	0.30	0.01	0.20	0.02	0.68	0.135
CA/CDCA	0.21	0.01	0.17	0.03	0.81	1.000
% 12α-OH	21.0	0.69	16.1	1.44	0.77	0.008
% non-12α-OH	79.0	0.69	83.9	1.44	1.06	0.008
Total primary	25.0	3.08	85.1	19.5	3.41	0.000
Total secondary	34.3	5.78	31.3	8.05	0.91	0.316
Primary/secondary	2.19	0.24	5.02	1.16	2.29	1.000
% Primary	48.1	1.40	68.7	3.10	1.43	0.014
% Secondary	51.9	1.40	31.3	3.10	0.60	0.014

BA: Bile acids; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; G: Glycine; T: Taurine; CDCA: Chenodeoxycholic acid; CA: Cholic acid; LCA: Lithocholic acid; UDCA: Ursodeoxycholic acid; DCA: Deoxycholic acid; HDCA: Hyodeoxycholic acid; MDCA: Murideoxycholic acid; MCA: Muricholic acid; HCA: Hyocholic acid.