• COVID
• Point of care testing
• artificial intelligence
• biosensing
• diagnostics
• internet-of-things
• nanomaterials

• Humans
• Nanostructures/chemistry
• Point-of-Care Systems
• Communicable Diseases/diagnosis
• Point-of-Care Testing
• Lab-On-A-Chip Devices
• Biosensing Techniques/methods

• IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis
• PSC
• cholangiopathy
• cholangitis

• Cats
• Dogs
• Opisthorchiosis
• Opisthorchis felineus
• Prevalence
• Russia
• Western Siberia

• Animals
• Cats
• Dogs
• Cat Diseases/epidemiology
• Cat Diseases/parasitology
• Dog Diseases/epidemiology
• Dog Diseases/parasitology
• Siberia/epidemiology
• Prevalence
• Feces/parasitology
• Opisthorchiasis/epidemiology
• Opisthorchiasis/veterinary
• Opisthorchiasis/parasitology
• Male
• Helminthiasis, Animal/epidemiology
• Helminthiasis, Animal/parasitology
• Female
• Opisthorchis/isolation & purification

• ELISA
• Fascioliasis
• Multi-epitope
• Sensitivity
• Specificity

• Fascioliasis/diagnosis
• Fascioliasis/immunology
• Animals
• Humans
• Antigens, Helminth/immunology
• Antigens, Helminth/genetics
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods
• Fasciola hepatica/immunology
• Fasciola hepatica/genetics
• Sensitivity and Specificity
• Antibodies, Helminth/blood
• Serologic Tests/methods
• Recombinant Proteins/immunology
• Recombinant Proteins/genetics
• Immunoglobulin G/blood
• Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/immunology
• Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/genetics
• Helminth Proteins/immunology
• Helminth Proteins/genetics
• Epitopes/immunology
• Cathepsin L/immunology
• Cathepsin L/genetics

• 10676 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

• Blood
• Diagnosis
• Digenea
• Eggs
• Intestinal
• Liver
• Lung
• Parasitological techniques
• Trematode

• Humans
• Trematode Infections/diagnosis
• Trematode Infections/parasitology
• Animals
• Trematoda
• Feces/parasitology
• Sputum/parasitology
• Parasite Egg Count/methods

• Acute edematous pancreatitis
• Computed tomography
• Fasciola hepatica
• Ultrasound

• Lawa model
• Opisthorchis viverrini
• advanced periductal fibrosis
• cholangiocarcinoma
• cholangitis
• cholecystitis
• cholelithiasis
• liver transplantation
• neglected tropical disease
• surgical resection

• Case report
• Chronic cholecystitis
• Endosonography
• Fasciolosis, Fasciola hepatica

• Fasciola hepatica
• Romania
• case report
• histopathologic diagnosis
• human hepatic fasciolosis
• pseudotumor

• Fasciola hepatica
• eosinophilia
• obstructive jaundice

• albendazole
• case report
• fascioliasis hepatica
• metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS)
• precision treatment

• Humans
• Liver Neoplasms

• CT, Computed Tomography
• ERCP
• ERCP, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
• LFT, Liver function test
• MRCP, Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography
• eosinophilia
• fasciola

• Computed tomography
• Fasciola hepatica
• Fascioliasis
• Findings
• Follow-up
• Hallazgos
• Seguimiento
• Tomografía computarizada

• Abdominal emergency
• Abdominal parasitosis
• Acute abdomen
• CT
• Imaging findings

Among others, the families Opisthorchiidae and Heterophyidae includes several genera causing fish-borne zoonoses and distributed also in European Countries and that are included in the ParaFishControl (Advanced Tools and Research Strategies for Parasite Control in European farmed fish) H2020 EU project. Due to the small size of the metacercariae, the infective stage for human, these parasites cannot be detected visually in fish and monitoring requires expert application of time-consuming techniques. The aim of this was to develop a rapid and affordable molecular method based on multiplex PCR for simultaneous identification of metacercariae of the most common European Opisthorchiid and Heterophyid in fish or fish products.

• Europe
• Fish products
• Freshwater fish
• Heterophyidae
• Multiplex PCR
• Opisthorchiidae

• Fasciola
• Fascioliasis
• FhTP16.5
• SAP-2
• cathepsin-L1
• epitopes
• immunoinformatic
• multi-epitope
• recombinant proteins

• Bile transporter
• Chemotaxis
• Cholangiocarcinoma
• Clonorchis sinensis
• Enzyme
• Molecular diagnosis

Despite the success of cross-sectional imaging in evaluating hepatopancreatobiliary system malignancies, several non-malignant disease processes may closely mimic malignancy. Differentiating these benign diseases from malignancy may be difficult, or even impossible, even in the hands of experienced imagers. In this manuscript, we present benign mimics involving the hepatopancreatobiliary system and try to increase awareness of these potential pitfalls.

• Hepatobiliary
• Mimicker
• Neoplasm
• Pancreas
• Radiology

In this study, the efficacy of US/CEUS and clinicopathologic parameters in differential diagnosis of hepatic inflammatory lesions were evaluated.

This was a retrospective study in which CEUS imaging was performed on 182 patients. Among these patients, 44 patients had hepatic inflammatory lesions and 138 patients had malignant lesions. The ultrasound (US), CEUS, and clinicopathologic parameters with respect to differential diagnosis of hepatic inflammatory lesions were analyzed.

Irregular lesion shape and unclear margin were commonly seen in hepatic inflammatory lesions by US/CEUS examination. Hypoenhancement in arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (PVP), and isoenhancement in delayed phase (DP) were more commonly found in inflammatory lesions rather than malignant lesions [9% (4/44), 68% (30/44), and 16% (7/44) vs 2% (3/138), 11% (15/138), 1% (1/138), respectively; P < .05]. The enhancement coverage was also a significant indicator for the differentiation of inflammatory lesions and malignant lesions (P < .05). History of hepatitis or cirrhosis, and higher serum alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) level were indicators for malignant lesions, while liver parasites and higher body temperature were indicators for inflammatory lesions. When the US/CEUS findings were combined with clinicopathologic parameters, the diagnostic accuracy of inflammatory lesions could reach 93.3%, with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 63.64%, 96.03%, 84.85%, and 88.32%, respectively.

The US/CEUS findings combined with clinical characteristics can accurately differentiate hepatic inflammatory lesions and malignant lesions. The results of study will improve the diagnostic confidence for hepatic inflammatory lesions.

• contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging
• differential diagnosis
• hepatic inflammatory lesion

• Adult
• Aged
• Contrast Media
• Diagnosis, Differential
• Female
• Hepatitis/diagnostic imaging
• Hepatitis/parasitology
• Hepatitis/pathology
• Humans
• Liver Abscess, Pyogenic/diagnostic imaging
• Liver Abscess, Pyogenic/pathology
• Liver Cirrhosis/diagnostic imaging
• Liver Cirrhosis/pathology
• Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Liver Neoplasms/pathology
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Retrospective Studies
• Ultrasonography/methods
• Young Adult

• Diagnosis
• Digenea
• Eggs
• Fluke
• Liver-, lung-, intestinal-, blood-trematodes
• Parasitological techniques
• Trematode

• Case report
• Colon cancer liver metastasis
• Fasciola hepatica
• Misdiagnosis
• Positron emission tomography

• Bile duct neoplasm
• Cholangiocarcinoma
• Computed tomography (CT)
• Liver
• Metastasis

• Abdominal ultrasonography
• Cholangiocarcinoma
• Lao PDR
• Opisthorchiasis
• Opisthorchis viverrini
• Stool ova examination

• binding energy
• cytochrome P450
• drug target
• molecular docking
• molecular dynamic simulation
• natural compounds
• virtual screening

This study was conducted to evaluate the infection rates of Clonorchis sinensis and laboratory findings in infected people. The 3,167 fecal samples, from nine villages in Okcheon-gun, were examined.

• Epidemiology
• Metorchis bilis
• Opisthorchiasis
• Opisthorchis felineus
• Western Siberia

• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Multidetector computed tomography
• Parasitic diseases
• Radiology
• Ultrasound

• Cholecystitis
• Cholecystolithiasis
• Fibrosis
• Gallbladder disease
• Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis
• Imaging
• Portal liver fibrosis
• Schistosoma haematobium
• Schistosoma japonicum
• Schistosoma mansoni
• Schistosoma sp
• Schistosomiasis
• Ultrasonography

• Animals
• Biliary Tract/pathology
• Fibrosis/parasitology
• Gallbladder/diagnostic imaging
• Gallbladder/pathology
• Humans
• Schistosoma mansoni
• Schistosomiasis mansoni/diagnostic imaging
• Schistosomiasis mansoni/pathology
• Ultrasonography

Infections with the food-borne trematode Opisthorchis viverinni are common in Southeast Asia. In Lao PDR alone, two million people are supposed to be infected. Opisthorchiasis may cause severe liver disease, eventually leading to cholangiocarcinoma. The objective of this study is to assess the eating habits, complaints, symptoms, signs and ultrasonographical findings in three different areas of Savannakhet Province.

Study participants were recruited in Lahanam village in the flood-prone lowland of, Sonkhone district, Savannakhet Province (group A); in Non Somboon village, a community located on a hilly plateau in the same district (group B); and in staff of Savannakhet Province Hospital, Savannakhet town (group C). Eating habits, complaints and symptoms were recorded by standardized structured questionnaires. Participants were thoroughly examined clinically, and ultrasonography was performed. O. viverrini eggs were looked for in stool and in duodenal fluid. An array of biochemical and haematological parameters potentially related to liver disease was determined. Group A consisted of 45, group B of 31 and group C of 18 individuals.

Eating habits were similar in the three groups, except that participants from group C tended to consume less high-risk types of fish dishes and more frequently ate beef and pork. Average intensity of infection (eggs per gram of stool) was low, but significantly higher in group A than in group B and C (p < 0.001). Medical history and complaints were similar in the three groups. Ultrasonography did not reveal any bile duct pathology. The only pathological finding was a slight elevation of ASAT and gamma-GT in a few participants in groups A and B.

The study shows that eating habits favouring the infection with O. viverrini are common in south Laos. Although the average intensity of infection was low, there was a significant difference between the groups, paralleling slightly different eating habits. Clinically, this corresponded to a paucity of liver disease-associated complaints and signs. The low intensity of infection probably explains why no alterations of bile ducts were detectable by ultrasonography.

A patient who underwent mastectomy of the left breast owing to breast cancer was referred to our department for abdominal ultrasonography during her routine check-up. Radiological examinations demonstrated multiple masses that tended to form clusters in the liver parenchyma, and the lesions were initially thought to represent metastases from the breast cancer. Multisite biopsies and serological tests confirmed the diagnosis of Fasciola hepatica infestation. To our knowledge, this is a unique case report of a patient with a known malignant neoplasm. We also present an overview of the literature about human fascioliasis in Turkey.

Sclerosing cholangitis is a spectrum of chronic progressive cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammation, fibrosis, and stricture of the bile ducts, which can be classified as primary and secondary sclerosing cholangitis. Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic progressive liver disease of unknown cause. On the other hand, secondary sclerosing cholangitis has identifiable causes that include immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing disease, recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, ischemic cholangitis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related cholangitis, and eosinophilic cholangitis. In this review, we suggest a systemic approach to the differential diagnosis of sclerosing cholangitis based on the clinical and laboratory findings, as well as the typical imaging features on computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with MR cholangiography. Familiarity with various etiologies of sclerosing cholangitis and awareness of their typical clinical and imaging findings are essential for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

• Bile ducts
• CT
• Differential diagnosis
• MRI
• Sclerosing cholangitis

• Fasciola hepatica
• case report
• intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
• pathology
• radiology

Fascioliasis refers to a zoonosis caused by Fasciola hepatica, a trematode infecting herbivores, but also occurs in humans who ingest the metacercaria found in fresh water plants. Infection in humans is common in developing countries and is also not uncommon in Europe. Diagnosis of this infection is difficult, as the history and symptoms are nonspecific and stool analysis for eggs is negative until the disease is in an advanced state by when the parasite has reached the biliary system. The clinical course consists of two phases; first a hepatic parenchymal phase in which immature larvae invade the liver parenchyma, followed by a ductal phase characterized by the excretion of larvae into the bile ducts. Parenchymal Phase: Ultrasonography (US) findings are nonspecific in this early phase. Computerized tomography (CT) may demonstrate subcapsular low attenuation regions in the liver. Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) can also be utilized to establish liver parenchymal involvement, and is better than CT in characterizing hemorrhagic lesions, as well as identifying more lesions relative to CT. Ductal Phase: US examination is most useful at this stage, with its ability to demonstrate the live movement of the worms within the dilated ducts. A CT demonstrates dilated central biliary ducts with periportal tracking, whereas, mild ductal dilatation is poorly appreciated under MRI. Therefore, familiarity with the multimodality imaging features of fascioliasis, in combination with an available confirmatory enzyme-linked immunoassay, would be most helpful for early diagnosis.

• Fasciola hepatica
• Fascioliasis
• amoebic abscess
• hydatid disease
• pyogenic abscess
• radiological imaging features

AIM: To identify the characteristic clinical, laboratory and radiological findings and response to treatment in patients with fascioliasis.

METHODS: Patients who were diagnosed with Fasciola hepatica infection were included in this prospective study. Initial clinical, laboratory and radiological findings were recorded. All patients were followed until a complete response was achieved or for 6 mo after treatment discontinuation.

RESULTS: Fasciola hepatica infection was diagnosed in 30 patients (24 females; mean age: 42.6 years) between January 2008 and February 2011. Twenty-two (73%) patients had hepatic phase fascioliasis, 5 patients had biliary phase, and 3 patients had biliary phase associated with acute pancreatitis. Of the 8 patients with biliary phase fascioliasis, 2 patients displayed features that overlapped with both hepatic and biliary phase. Abdominal pain and right upper abdominal tenderness were the most prominent signs and symptoms in all patients. Eosinophilia was the most prominent laboratory abnormality in both patients with hepatic and biliary phase (100% and 50%, respectively). Multiple nodular lesions like micro-abscesses on abdominal computerized tomography were the main radiological findings in patients with hepatic phase. Small linear filling defects in the distal choledochus were the main endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) findings in patients with biliary phase. Patients with hepatic phase were treated with triclabendazole alone, and patients with biliary phase were treated with triclabendazole and had live Fasciola hepatica extracted from the bile ducts during ERCP.

CONCLUSION: Fasciola hepatica infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with hepatic or biliary disease and/or acute pancreatitis associated with eosinophilia.

• Fasciola hepatica
• Liver abscesses
• Cholangitis
• Pancreatitis
• Triclabendazole

• Acalculous Cholecystitis/complications
• Acalculous Cholecystitis/pathology
• Animals
• Bacterial Infections/complications
• Cholecystitis, Acute/complications
• Cholecystitis, Acute/pathology
• Gallbladder/pathology
• Gallbladder Diseases/complications
• Gallbladder Diseases/etiology
• Gallbladder Diseases/pathology
• Gallstones/complications
• Humans
• Mice