Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Stem Cells. Aug 26, 2019; 11(8): 548-564
Published online Aug 26, 2019. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i8.548
Figure 1
Figure 1 Process of hepatic stellate cells’ activation. HSC: Hepatic stellate cell; MFBLC: Myo-fibroblast-like cell.
Figure 2
Figure 2 Cross-sectional diagram of human umbilical cord showing anatomical compartments, including Wharton’s jelly, as a source of mesenchymal stem cells.
Figure 3
Figure 3 TGF-β1 receptors and intracellular signal transmission. TβR type I, type II and type III have high affinity with TGF-β1. The TβR-III recruits TGF-β1 and submits it to TβR-II, activating TβR-II phosphorylation kinase when it combines to type II receptors. Then, they are recognized and combined by TβR-I, forming a tetramer ligand receptor complex and initiating downstream signaling pathways. TβR: TGF-β receptor; TGF: Transforming growth factor.