Clonorchis sinensis co-infection potentiates polymorphonuclear-myeloid-derived suppressor cells expansion and metabolic reprogramming in chronic hepatitis B patients

doi:10.3748/wjg.122956

Advanced Search

BPG is committed to discovery and dissemination of knowledge

Home / Archive / Volume 32, Issue 44

This Article

(1)

(0)

(2)

Peer-Review Report of This Article

CrossCheck and Google Search of This Article

Academic Rules and Norms of This Article

Citation of this article

Corresponding Author of This Article

Research Domain of This Article

Article-Type of This Article

Open-Access Policy of This Article

Times Cited Counts in Google of This Article

Journal Information of This Article

Publication Name

World Journal of Gastroenterology

ISSN

1007-9327

Publisher of This Article

Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Observational Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Nov 28, 2026; 32(44): 122956
Published online Nov 28, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.122956

Table 1 Baseline characteristics, median (interquartile range)

	HC group (n = 30)	Clonorchis sinensis group (n = 29)	HBV group (n = 28)	Co-infected group (n = 30)
Age, years (mean ± SD)	47.77 ± 9.49	48.59 ± 14.26	46.82 ± 9.83	47.87 ± 10.16
Gender (male/female)	30/2	30/3	28/3	30/2
HBV DNA log₁₀ copies/mL	Negative	Negative	2.00 (1.08-7.20)	2.00 (1.43-8.85)^c
Clonorchis sinensis eggs (n/g)	Negative	200 (100-1400)	Negative	200 (100-1100)
ALT (U/L)	19.00 (8.00-44.00)	28.00 (8.00-95.00)	51.00 (7.00-225.00)^a	37.50 (5.00-986.00)^a^,^b
AST (U/L)	20.00 (14.00-27.00)	23.00 (11.00-60.00)	50.50 (16.00-138.00)^a	36.50 (11.00-485.00)^a^,^b
TB (μmol/L)	5.90 (3.20-24.20)	6.90 (4.00-262.60)	12.80 (6.00-635.50)^a	14.80 (3.00-115.40)^a^,^b

^aP < 0.05 vs healthy control group.

^bP < 0.05 vs Clonorchis sinensis group.

^cP < 0.05 vs hepatitis B virus group.

Age and sex distributions were comparable across the four groups (all P > 0.05). HC: Healthy controls; HBV: Hepatitis B virus mono-infected participants; Co-infected: Co-infected participants; Clonorchis sinensis: Clonorchis sinensis mono-infected participants; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; TB: Total bilirubin.

Full Size Table

Table 2 Myeloid-derived suppressor cell and lymphocyte subsets by group, median (interquartile range)

	HC group (n = 30)	Clonorchis sinensis group (n = 29)	HBV group (n = 28)	Co-infected group (n = 30)
PMN-MDSCs (%)	0.09 (0.01-0.27)	0.33 (0.00-0.76)^a	0.20 (0.04-0.61)^a	0.38 (0.10-1.12)^a^,^c
M-MDSCs (%)	0.10 (0.01-0.29)	0.07 (0.01-0.85)	0.14 (0.01-0.55)	0.17 (0.05-2.50)^a^,^b
T lymphocytes (%)	67.83 (38.26-81.54)	68.56 (43.92-87.07)	65.65 (52.87-81.95)	70.74 (49.41-89.78)
B lymphocytes (%)	10.45 (4.38-22.92)	12.95 (2.90-35.81)	13.33 (2.16-28.10)	15.12 (4.25-24.34)^a
NK lymphocytes (%)	16.07 (5.76-42.67)	12.73 (4.08-35.29)	15.48 (5.95-39.80)	11.20 (3.31-34.52)^a
NK T lymphocytes (%)	4.55 (0.49-21.37)	4.28 (0.47-13.22)	3.38 (1.54-11.44)	2.79 (0.47-25.92)

^aP < 0.05 vs healthy control group.

^bP < 0.05 vs Clonorchis sinensis group.

^cP < 0.05 vs hepatitis B virus group.

HC: Healthy controls; HBV: Hepatitis B virus mono-infected participants; Co-infected: Co-infected participants; Clonorchis sinensis: Clonorchis sinensis mono-infected participants; PMN-MDSCs: Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells; M-MDSCs: Monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells; NK: Natural killer.

Full Size Table

Citation: Qiu JR, Zhang HB, Shang M, Xu J, Fu YC, Liao Y, Hu B, Dong HM. Clonorchis sinensis co-infection potentiates polymorphonuclear-myeloid-derived suppressor cells expansion and metabolic reprogramming in chronic hepatitis B patients. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(44): 122956
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i44/122956.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.122956

Qiu JR, Zhang HB, Shang M, Xu J, Fu YC, Liao Y, Hu B, Dong HM. Clonorchis sinensis co-infection potentiates polymorphonuclear-myeloid-derived suppressor cells expansion and metabolic reprogramming in chronic hepatitis B patients. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(44): 122956 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.122956]

All content on this site: Copyright © 1993-2026 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, its licensors, and contributors. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.